LAMP (application stack)

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This editable, developed Main Article is subject to a disclaimer.

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LAMP is an acronym that stands for "Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python." Packaged together, they create an application stack that is both free to use and open source which functions as a general purpose web server.

* Linux is an open source operating system
* Apache HTTP Server is an open source web server middleware
* MySQL is an open source Relational Database Management System (RDBMS, also known simply as a Database)
* PHP, Perl, or Python are server-side programming languages which can be installed on Apache.

## History[edit]

The concept of a LAMP stack (the free general purpose web server) had been possible from as early as 1994 when CERN httpd introduced the Common Gateway Interface, which allowed for the server-side execution of code to create dynamic webpages.[1][2] Linux, the CERN httpd, and server-side programming languages such as Perl were available for free, [3][4] but it wasn't until later that same year and the release of Postgre95 that it was possible to obtain a free database as well.[5]

By 1995, the Apache HTTP server and PHP were released, allowing for a LAPP application stack.[6][7][8] Finally in 1996, MySQL was released online and a full LAMP stack was possible.[9][10] The popularity of the LAMP stack quickly increased during the dot-com bubble of the late 1990s, when many New Economy firms ran their websites with open source software for budget reasons.[11]

## Variations[edit]

Variations of LAMP packages (referred to as AMP packages) can differ based on the choice of operating system and other software

* LAPP substitutes PostgreSQL for MySQL
* A WAMP stack uses Microsoft Windows.
* The MAMP stack uses Macintosh computers (UNIX-based Mac OS X replaces the operating system layer).
* A SAMP stack uses the Sun Microsystems Solaris operating system.
* XAMPP is a cross-platform version of the bundle that can be downloaded and installed on Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Solaris, or Linux.
* OAMP runs on OpenBSD.
* DAMP runs on the Darwin operating system, but can also be used to refer to DragonFly BSD.
* SLAMPP is a Linux distribution that can be booted from an optical disc drive to turn any computer into an instant home web server.
* A LYME stack uses Linux as the OS, Yaws as the web server, Mnesia as the database, and Erlang as the programming language
* A fully Windows stack, WINS uses Windows Server as the OS, Internet Information Services (or IIS) as the web server, SQL Server as the database, and .NET as the programming language.
* WIMP is another variation of the above, except using MySQL or MS Access as the database and PHP as the programming language

Acronym  | Operating system  | Web server  | Database manager  | Server programming

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LAMP | Linux | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python
LAPP | Linux | Apache | PostgreSQL | PHP, Perl, Python
LYME | Linux | Yaws | Mnesia | Erlang
SLAMPP | Linux bootable from optical drive  | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python, Ruby, Lua
MAMP | Macintosh | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python
WAMP | Microsoft Windows | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python
WINS | Windows Server | IIS | SQL Server | .NET
WIMP | Windows Server | IIS | MySQL, MS Access | PHP, Perl, Python
XAMPP | Cross-platform  | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl
SAMP | Solaris | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python
OAMP | OpenBSD | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python
DAMP | Darwin, DragonFly BSD | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python

## References[edit]

1. ↑ The Common Gateway Interface (CGI) Version 1.1. The Apache Software Foundation (October 2004). Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
2. ↑ Change History for CERN httpd
3. ↑ Slackware Linux, Inc. (1993-07-16). ANNOUNCE: Slackware Linux 1.00. Press release.  Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
4. ↑ Ashton, Elaine (1999). The Timeline of Perl and its Culture. Perl.org. Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
5. ↑ A Brief History of PostgreSQL. The PostgreSQL Global Development Group (1996). Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
6. ↑ History of PHP. The PHP Group (27 Nov 2009). Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
7. ↑ PHP release newsgroup posting from 1995
8. ↑ How Apache Came to Be. The Apache Software Foundation. Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
9. ↑ DuBois, Paul (2005). MySQL; Third Edition. Sams. ISBN 0672326736.
10. ↑ Grimmer, Lenz. From Visions to Reality - an interview with David Axmark, Co-Founder of MySQL AB, MySQL AB, July 2007. Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
11. ↑ Geipel, Markus Michael (2009). Dynamics of communities and code in open source software (PDF). ETH. Retrieved on 2009-11-30.