Platonism in Islamic philosophy

Short description: none

Part of a series on

Neoplatonism

Reconstructed bust believed to represent Plotinus

Concepts

* Theory of Forms
* Form of the Good
* Demiurge
* Henosis
* Microcosm and macrocosm
* Nous
* Arche
* Logos
* Hypostasis

Works

* Enneads
* De Mysteriis Aegyptiorum
* Liber de Causis
* The City of God
* The Consolation of Philosophy
* De Coelesti Hierarchia
* De divisione naturae

People

* Plato
* Ammonius Saccas
* Plotinus (disciples)
* Origen
* Porphyry
* Iamblichus
* Julian the Apostate
* Sallustius
* Hypatia
* Plutarch of Athens
* Macrobius
* Augustine of Hippo
* Syrianus
* Proclus
* Pseudo-Dionysius
* Damascius
* Simplicius of Cilicia
* Boethius
* Maximus the Confessor
* Johannes Scotus Eriugena
* Al-Farabi
* Brethren of Purity
* Solomon ibn Gabirol
* Isaac the Blind
* Thierry of Chartres
* Gemistus Pletho
* Marsilio Ficino
* Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
* Giordano Bruno
* Cambridge Platonists
* Thomas Taylor
* Roman Ingarden
* Edward N. Zalta

Related topics

* Platonism (in the Renaissance)

* Platonic Academy
* Middle Platonism
* Kabbalah
* Spirituality
* Isma'ilism
* Druze
* Allegorical interpretations of Plato
* Plato's unwritten doctrines

* Neoplatonism and
Christianity / Gnosticism

* v
* t
* e

Medieval Islamic philosophy was steeped in both Aristotelianism and Neoplatonism from its ninth-century beginnings with al-Kindi, but the influence of Neoplatonism becomes more clearly visible in the tenth and eleventh centuries with Al-Farabi and Avicenna. Al-Farabi expanded on Plato's concept of an ideal city ruled by philosopher-kings to develop a political philosophy that could accommodate the religious and cultural diversity central to Islamic nations.[1] On the other hand, both al-Ghazali and Ibn Rushd vigorously opposed Neoplatonic views.[citation needed]

The characteristic of Neoplatonic thought in Islamic theology is that of emanation, linking God's transcendence with the corporeal reality of his creation. Islamic Neoplatonism was introduced by Al-Farabi, although Avicenna proved to have the greater influence. Both authors present a complex scheme of emanation.[citation needed]

Islamic Neoplatonism was allowed to flourish in the tenth to early eleventh century, but there was a strong reaction against it in the later eleventh century, especially from Al-Ghazali, who represents Islamic theology's "most biting attack on philosophy" at the time, and the severest reaction to Neoplatonism in particular (Netton 1998). Al-Ghazali's criticism evoked a counter-reaction by Ibn Rushd, who wrote a "systematic rebuttal of al-Ghazali's critique of Greco-Arab philosophy".[2] While Ibn Rushd is trying to defend the possibility of philosophical thought as non-heretical, he does at the same time himself reject the theses of the Neoplatonist philosophers.[3]

After the death of Ibn Rushd in 1198, the debate on Neoplatonism in Islam mostly comes to an end, and survival of Neoplatonic thought within Islam was mostly limited to Ismailism.[citation needed]

## Contents

* 1 References
* 1.1 General references
* 1.2 Inline citations
* 2 External links

## References

### General references

* Netton, Ian Richard. 'Neoplatonism in Islamic Philosophy'. Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 1998. [1]

### Inline citations

1. ↑ Druart, Thérèse-Anne. "Philosophy in Islam." In The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Philosophy. Ed. A. S. McGrade. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. 103-104
2. ↑ Fakhry, A History of Islamic Philosophy, 1983, p. 276.
3. ↑ 'more often than not...does not, in fact, defend al-Farabi and Ibn Sina.... Instead, he shows to what extent they have departed from the authentic Aristotelian philosophical doctrines, and sometimes joins his voice with that of Ghazali in convicting them of heresy' (Bello 1989: 15).

## External links

* Henry Corbin, History of Islamic philosophy part one, part two
* Neoplatonism entry in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
* Abu Nasr al-Farabi at muslimphilosophy.com
* Avicenna entry by Sajjad H. Rizvi in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
* Islamic Platonists and Neoplatonists

* v
* t
* e

Plato

Life|

* Early life
* Platonism
* Platonic epistemology
* Platonic idealism
* Platonic realism
* Platonic love
* Neoplatonism and Gnosticism
* Platonism in the Renaissance
* Cardinal virtues
* Demiurge
* Theory of Forms
* Transcendentals
* Form of the Good
* Third man argument
* Euthyphro dilemma
* Five regimes
* Philosopher king
* Unwritten doctrines
* Cultural influence of Plato's Republic

Works|

| Uncontested|

* Apology
* Charmides
* Cratylus
* Critias
* Crito
* Euthydemus
* Euthyphro
* Gorgias
* Hippias Minor
* Ion
* Laches
* Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 228
* Laws
* Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 23
* Lysis
* Menexenus
* Meno
* Parmenides
* Phaedo
* Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 229
* Phaedrus
* Philebus
* Protagoras
* Republic
* Sophist
* Statesman
* Symposium
* Theaetetus
* Timaeus

|

Of doubtful
authenticity|

* Axiochus
* Clitophon
* Definitions
* Demodocus
* Epigrams
* Epinomis
* Epistles
* Letter I
* II
* IV
* V
* VI
* VII
* IX
* X
* XI
* XII
* Eryxias
* First Alcibiades
* Halcyon
* Hipparchus
* Hippias Major
* Minos
* On Justice
* On Virtue
* Rival Lovers
* Second Alcibiades
* Sisyphus
* Theages

Allegories and metaphors|

* Atlantis
* Ring of Gyges
* The Cave
* The Divided Line
* The Sun
* Ship of State
* Myth of Er
* The Chariot
* Allegorical interpretations of Plato

Family|

* Ariston of Athens (father)
* Pyrilampes (stepfather)
* Perictione (mother)
* Adeimantus of Collytus (brother)
* Glaucon (brother)
* Antiphon (brother)
* Potone (sister)
* Speusippus (nephew)

Related|

* Commentaries
* The Academy in Athens
* Socratic problem
* Middle Platonism
* Neoplatonism
* and Christianity
* Poitier Meets Plato
* List of speakers in Plato's dialogues
* Plato's Dream

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonism in Islamic philosophy. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Philosophy:Platonism_in_Islamic_philosophy&oldid=4356559"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template