Itaboraian

Stratigraphy and location of the Itaboraí Basin.
Crocodile skull indicates Sahitisuchus find.

The Itaboraian (Portuguese: Itaboraiense) age is a period within the Early Eocene geologic time (53.0–50.0 Ma) epoch of the Paleogene, used more specifically with South American land mammal ages (SALMA). It follows the Riochican and precedes the Casamayoran age.[1]

## Contents

* 1 Etymology
* 2 Formations
* 3 Fossils
* 4 Correlations
* 5 References
* 5.1 Bibliography

## Etymology

This age is named after the Itaboraí Formation in the Itaboraí Basin in Itaboraí, a Greater Rio municipality in the state of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil not very far away from Niterói.

## Formations

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Locations of Itaboraian formations

Formation
bold is type | Country  | Basin  | Notes

|
|
|

Itaboraí Formation |  Brazil | Itaboraí Basin |

[2]

Bogotá Formation |  Colombia | Altiplano Cundiboyacense |

[3]

Cerrejón Formation |  Colombia | Cesar-Ranchería Basin |

[4]

Chota Formation |  Peru | Bagua Basin |

[5][6]

Koluel Kaike Formation |  Argentina | Golfo San Jorge Basin |

[7]

Las Flores Formation |  Argentina | Golfo San Jorge Basin |

[8]

Maíz Gordo Formation |  Argentina | Salta Basin |

[9]

Mogollón Formation |  Peru | Talara & Tumbes Basins |

[10]

Muñani Formation |  Peru | Altiplano Basin |

[11]

## Fossils

Group  | Fossils  | Formation  | Notes

|
|
|

Mammals | Asmithwoodwardia scotti, Austropediomys marshalli, Bergqvistherium primigenia, Bobbschaefferia fluminensis, Camargomendesia pristina, Carodnia vieirai, Carolocoutoia ferigoloi, Carolopaulacoutoia itaboraiensis, Colbertia magellanica, Derorhynchus singularis, Didelphopsis cabrerai, Eobrasilia coutoi, Epidolops ameghinoi, Gashternia carioca, Gaylordia macrocynodonta, Gaylordia mater, Guggenheimia brasiliensis, Guggenheimia crocheti, Homalostylops atavus, Itaboraidelphys camposi, Lamegoia conodonta, Marmosopsis juradoi, Miguelsoria parayirunhor, Minusculodelphis minimus, M. modicum, Mirandatherium alipioi, Monodelphopsis travassosi, Palaeocladosictis mosesi, Paranisolambda prodromus, Patene simpsoni, Periprotodidelphis bergqvistae, Procaroloameghinia pricei, Protodidelphis mastodontoides, P. vanzolinii, Protolipterna ellipsodontoides, Ricardocifellia protocenica, Riolestes capricornicus, Riostegotherium yanei, Tetragonostylops apthomasi, Victorlemoinea prototypica, Xenodelphis doelloi, Zeusdelphys complicatus, ?Arminiheringia sp., Henricosbornia sp., Australidelphia indet., Borhyaenidae indet., Didelphidae indet., Didolodontidae indet., Herpetotheriidae indet., Microbiotheriidae indet., Notoungulata indet., Paucituberculata indet., Pediomyidae indet., Peradectidae indet., Polydolopidae indet., Protodidelphidae indet. | Itaboraí |

[12]
[13][14]
[15]
[2][16]
[17]

Ernestokokenia yirunhor, Gashternia ctalehor, Henricosbornia waitehor, Seudenius cteronc, Shecenia ctirneru, ?Isotemnus ctalego, ?Peripantostylops orehor, ?Polydolops kamektsen, Kibenikhoria sp., Archaeopithecidae indet., Borhyaenidae indet., ?Litopterna indet., ?Notostylopidae indet. | Koluel Kaike |

[18]

Anisolambda sp., Antepithecus sp., Asmithwoodwardia sp., Bardalestes sp., Bobbschaefferia sp., Camargomendesia sp., Carolopaulacoutoia sp., Colbertia sp., Derorhynchus sp., Didelphopsis sp., Epidolops sp., Ernestokokenia sp., Gashternia sp., Guggenheimia crocheti, Henricosbornia sp., Isotemnus sp., Itaboraitherium sp., Kibenikhoria sp., Marmosopsis sp., Mirandatherium sp., Monodelphopsis sp., Peripantostylops sp., Polydolops sp., Procaroloameghinia pricei, Protodidelphis sp., Shecenia sp., Trigonostylops sp., Victorlemoinea sp., Woodburnodon sp., Ceratodontidae indet., ?Patene indet. | Las Flores |

[19]

Carodnia inexpectans | Mogollón |

[20][21]

Chulpasia mattaueri, Peradectes austrinum, Perutherium altiplanense, Sillustania quechuense, Umayodus raimondi, Didelphidae indet., ?Didolodontidae indet., Notoungulata sp., Pediomyidae indet., Proteutheria indet. | Muñani |

[22]
[23][24]

Birds | Diogenornis fragilis, Eutreptodactylus itaboraiensis, Itaboravis elaphrocnemoides, Paleopsilopterus itaboraiensis | Itaboraí |

[16][25]
[26][27]

Latidae indet., Siluriformes indet., Tetragonopterinae indet. | Muñani |

[24]

Reptiles &
amphibians | Acherontisuchus guajiraensis, Anthracosuchus balrogus, Carbonemys cofrinii, Cerrejonemys wayuunaiki, Cerrejonisuchus improcerus, Pelomedusoides sp., Puentemys mushaisaensis, Titanoboa cerrejonensis | Cerrejón |

[28][29]

?Madtsoia sp. | Koluel Kaike |

[18]

Notocaiman stromeri | Peñas
Coloradas |

[30]

Bretesuchus bonapartei | Maíz Gordo |

[31]

Apodops pricei, Coniophis cf. precedens, Corallus priscus, Hechtophis austrinus, Hoffstetterella brasiliensis, Itaboraiophis depressus, Madtsoia camposi, Paraungaliophis pricei, Paulacoutophis perplexus, Sahitisuchus fluminensis, Waincophis cameratus, Waincophis pressulus, Xenopus romeri, ? Russellophiidae indet. | Itaboraí |

[32][33]

Lorosuchus nodosus, Pelomedusoides cf. argentinensis | Río Loro |

[34]

cf. Coniophis sp., ?Roxochelys vilavilensis, Crocodylia indet., ?Leptodactylidae indet. | Muñani |

[24]

Fishes | Dipnoi sp., Elopomorpha sp. | Cerrejón |

[28]

Lepidosiren cf. paradoxa, Ceratodus sp. | Muñani |

[24]

Molluscs | Bulimulus fazendicus | Itaboraí |

[35]

Flora | Menispina evidens | Bogotá |

[36]

Stephania palaeosudamericana | Bogotá, Cerrejón |

[37]

Malvaciphyllum macondicus, Petrocardium cerrejonense, Petrocardium wayuuorum | Cerrejón |

[38][39]

## Correlations

Itaboraian correlations in South America Basin | Itaboraí | Golfo San Jorge | Salta | Altiplano Basin | Talara &
Tumbes | Altiplano
Cundiboyacense | Cesar-Ranchería |

Itaboraian (South America)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Country |  Brazil |  Argentina |  Peru |  Colombia
Carodnia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gashternia | 14px | 14px | 14px |  |  |  |  |
Henricosbornia | 14px | 14px | 14px |  |  |  |  |
Victorlemoinea |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Polydolopimorphia | 14px | 14px | 14px |  | 14px |  |  |
Birds |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reptiles | 10px |  | 10px | 10px | 10px |  |  | 10px
Fish |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Flora | 10px |  |  |  |  |  | 10px | 10px
Environments | Alluvial-lacustrine | Alluvial-fluvial | Fluvio-lacustrine | Lacustrine | Fluvial | Fluvio-deltaic |

Itaboraian volcanoclastics

8px Itaboraian fauna

Itaboraian flora

Volcanic |  | Yes |

## References

1. ↑ Paleo Database: Itaboraian
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Oliveira & Goin, 2011
3. ↑ Bayona et al., 2012, p.103
4. ↑ Jaramillo et al., 2007, p.168
5. ↑ Chacaltana et al., 2015, p.2
6. ↑ Castro Medina, 2010, p.53
7. ↑ Raigemborn et al., 2010, p.251
8. ↑ Raigemborn et al., 2010, p.249
9. ↑ Narváez, 2009, p.24
10. ↑ Quispe Alcalá, 2010, p.21
11. ↑ Gelfo & Goin, 2011
12. ↑ Oliveira et al., 2016
13. ↑ Carneiro et al., 2018
14. ↑ Carneiro, 2018
15. ↑ De Oliveira & Goin, 2015
16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 São José de Itaboraí at Fossilworks.org
17. ↑ São José 700 m at Fossilworks.org
18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Cañadón Hondo at Fossilworks.org
19. ↑ Las Flores at Fossilworks.org
20. ↑ Antoine et al., 2015
21. ↑ Carodnia inexpectans at Fossilworks.org
22. ↑ Gelfo & Sigé, 2011
23. ↑ Laguna Umayo at Fossilworks.org
24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 LURMU at Fossilworks.org
25. ↑ Diagenornis at Fossilworks.org
26. ↑ Itaboravis at Fossilworks.org
27. ↑ Paleopsilopterus at Fossilworks.org
28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 La Puente Pit at Fossilworks.org
29. ↑ Anthracosuchus at Fossilworks.org
30. ↑ Notocaiman stromeri at Fossilworks.org
31. ↑ Bretesuchus at Fossilworks.org
32. ↑ Itaboraí snakes at Fossilworks.org
33. ↑ Portland Quarry at Fossilworks.org
34. ↑ El Cadillal at Fossilworks.org
35. ↑ Salvador & Simone, 2013, p.7
36. ↑ Menispina evidens at Fossilworks.org
37. ↑ Stephania palaeosudamericana at Fossilworks.org
38. ↑ Cerrejón 0315 at Fossilworks.org
39. ↑ Coalbeds 100 at Fossilworks.org

### Bibliography

Itaboraí Formation

* Carneiro, Leonardo M.; Édison V. Oliveira, and Francisco J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21\. 120–131. Accessed 2018-10-01.
* Carneiro, Leonardo M.. 2018. A new protodidelphid (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphimorphia) from the Itaboraí Basin and its implications for the evolution of the Protodidelphidae. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 91\. e20180440. Accessed 2019-02-11.
* Oliveira, Édison Vicente; Natalia Zimicz, and Francisco J. Goin. 2016. Taxonomy, affinities, and paleobiology of the tiny metatherian mammal Minusculodelphis, from the early Eocene of South America. The Science of Nature 103\. 1–6. Accessed 2019-02-12.
* De Oliveira, Édison Vicente, and Francisco J. Goin. 2015. A new species of Gaylordia Paula Couto (Mammalia, Metatheria) from Itaboraí, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 18\. 97–108. Accessed 2019-02-13.
* Oliveira, Édison V., and Francisco J. Goin. 2011. A reassessment of Bunodont Metatherians from the Paleogene of Itaboraí (Brazil): systematics and age of the Itaboraian SALMA. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 14\. 105–136. Accessed 2017-08-15.
* Salvador, R.B., and L.R.L. Simone. 2013. Taxonomic revision of the fossil pulmonate mollusks of Itaboraí Basin (Paleocene), Brazil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 53\. 5–46. Accessed 2017-10-01.

Bogotá Formation

* Bloch, Jonathan Ivan; Edwin Cadena; Alexander Hastings; Aldo F. Rincón, and Carlos Jaramillo. 2008. Vertebrate faunas from the Paleocene Bogotá Formation of northern Colombia (Abstract). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, 68th Annual Meeting. _. Accessed 2017-03-29.
* Guerrero Uscátegui, Alberto Lobo. 1992. Geología e Hidrogeología de Santafé de Bogotá y su Sabana, 1–20. Sociedad Colombiana de Ingenieros.
* Montoya Arenas, Diana María, and Germán Alfonso Reyes Torres. 2005. Geología de la Sabana de Bogotá, 1–104. INGEOMINAS.

Cerrejón Formation

* Ayala Calvo, Rosa Carolina. 2009. Análisis tectonoestratigráfico y de procedencia en la Subcuenca de Cesar: Relación con los sistemas petroleros (MSc.), 1–255. Universidad Simón Bolívar. Accessed 2017-06-14.
* Cadena, Edwin A., and Mary H. Schweitzer. 2014. A Pelomedusoid Turtle from the Paleocene–Eocene of Colombia Exhibiting Preservation of Blood Vessels and Osteocytes. Journal of Herpetology 48\. 461–465. Accessed 2019-02-12.
* Cadena, Edwin A.; Daniel T. Ksepka; Carlos A. Jaramillo, and Jonathan I. Bloch. 2012a. New pelomedusoid turtles from the late Palaeocene Cerrejón Formation of Colombia and their implications for phylogeny and body size evolution. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10\. 313–331. Accessed 2017-06-14.
* Cadena, Edwin A.; Jonathan I. Bloch, and Carlos A. Jaramillo. 2012b. New bothremydid turtle (Testudines, Pleurodira) from the Paleocene of northeastern Colombia. Journal of Paleontology 86\. 688–698. Accessed 2017-06-14.
* Cadena, Edwin A.; Jonathan I. Bloch, and Carlos A. Jaramillo. 2010. New Podocnemidid Turtle (Testudines: Pleurodira) from the Middle-Upper Paleocene of South America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30\. 367–382. Accessed 2017-06-14.
* Hastings, Alexander K.; Jonathan I. Bloch, and Carlos A. Jaramillo. 2014. A new blunt-snouted dyrosaurid, Anthracosuchus balrogus gen. et sp. nov. (Crocodylomorpha, Mesoeucrocodylia), from the Palaeocene of Colombia. Historical Biology 27\. 998–1020. Accessed 2017-06-14.
* Hastings, Alexander K.; Jonathan I. Bloch, and Carlos A. Jaramillo. 2011. A new longirostrine Dyrosaurid (Crocodylomorpha, Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Paleocene of north-eastern Colombia: Biogeographocal and behavioural implications for New-World Dyrosayridae. Palaeontology 54\. 1095–1116. Accessed 2017-06-14.
* Head, J.J.; J.I. Bloch; A.K. Hastings; J.R. Bourque; E.A. Cadena; F.A. Herrera; P.D. Polly, and C.A. Jaramillo. 2009. Giant boid snake from the paleocene neotropics reveals hotter past equatorial temperatures. Nature 457\. 715–718. Accessed 2017-06-14.
* Hernández, Marina. 2003. Geología de la Plancha 48 La Jagua de Ibírico - 1:100,000, 1–102. INGEOMINAS.
* Jaramillo, Carlos A.; Germán Bayona; Andres Pardo Trujillo; Milton Rueda; Vladimir Torres; Guy J. Harrington, and Germán Mora. 2007. The palynology of the Cerrejón Formation (Upper Paleocene) of northern Colombia. Palynology 31\. 153–189. Accessed 2017-08-15.
* Ojeda Marulanda, Carolina, and Carlos Alberto Sánchez Quiñónez. 2013. Petrografía, petrología y análisis de procedencia de unidades paleógenas en las cuencas Cesar - Ranchería y Catatumbo. Boletín de Geología, Universidad Industrial de Santander 35\. 67–80. Accessed 2017-06-14.
* Wing, Scott L.; Fabiany Herrera; Carlos A. Jaramillo; Carolina Gómez Navarro; Peter Wilf, and Conrad C. Labandeira. 2009. Late Paleocene fossils from the Cerrejón Formation, Columbia ((sic)), are the earliest record of Neotropical rainforest. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106\. 18627–18632. Accessed 2017-06-14.

Chota Formation

* Castro Medina, Walter Fidel. 2010. Geología, informe temático. Proyecto Zonificación Ecológica y Económica del departamento de Amazonas, 1–76. Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP). Accessed 2018-09-04.
* Chacaltana, César; Alexandra Lucytania Benites Cañote; Waldir Valdivia, and Marco Chumpitaz. 2014. La formación Chota en la Cuenca Bagua: Evaluación e implicancias del criterio de clasificación litoestratigráfico, 1–4. Congreso Peruano de Geología. Accessed 2017-08-15.

Las Flores Formation

* Goin, F. J.; A.M. Candela; M.A. Abello, and E.V. Oliveira. 2009. Earliest South American paucituberculatans and their significance in the understanding of ‘pseudodiprotodont’ marsupial radiations. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155\. 867–884. Accessed 2019-02-15.
* Raigemborn, María Sol; Javier M. Krause; Eduardo Bellosi, and Sergio D. Matheos. 2010. Redefinición estratigráfica del Grupo Río Chico (Paleógeno Superior), en el norte de la Cuenca del Golfo San Jorge, Chubut. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 67\. 239–256. Accessed 2017-10-18.
* Ugalde, Raúl; Enrique Bostelmann, and José Luis Oyarzún. 2013. Stratigraphic review of the Las Flores Formation, Sierra Baguales, Última Esperanza Province, Magallanes, 355–358. GeoSur Conference IV Viña del Mar. Accessed 2019-02-11.

Koluel Kaike Formation

* Raigemborn, María Sol; Javier M. Krause; Eduardo Bellosi, and Sergio D. Matheos. 2010. Redefinición estratigráfica del Grupo Río Chico (Paleógeno inferior), en el norte de la Cuenca del Golfo San Jorge, Chubut. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 67\. 239–256. Accessed 2017-08-15.

Maíz Gordo Formation

* Narváez, Paula Liliana. 2009. Palinoestratigrafía, paleoambientes y cambios climáticos durante el Cretácico final y Paleógeno de la Cuenca del Grupo Salta, República Argentina (PhD thesis), 1–229. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Accessed 2017-10-18.

Mogollón Formation

* Antoine, Pierre-Olivier; Guillaume Billet; Rodolfo Salas Gismondi; Julia Tejada Lara; Patrice Baby; Stéphane Brusset, and Nicolas Espurt. 2015. A New Carodnia Simpson, 1935 (Mammalia, Xenungulata) from the Early Eocene of Northwestern Peru and a Phylogeny of Xenungulates at Species Level. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 22\. 129–140. Accessed 2019-02-13.
* Quispe Alcalá, David Ricardo. 2010. Evaluación Geológica de la Formación Mogollón en el Yacimiento Leones – Cuenca Talara (MSc. thesis), 1–87. Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Accessed 2017-10-18.

Muñani Formation

* Gelfo, Javier N., and Bernard Sigé. 2011. A new didolodontid mammal from the late Paleocene–earliest Eocene of Laguna Umayo, Peru. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 56\. 665–678. Accessed 2017-08-15.

Peñas Coloradas Formation

* Clyde, William C.; Peter Wilf; Ari Iglesias; Rudy L. Slingerland; Peter K. Bijl; Timothy J. Bralower; Henk Brinkhuis; Emily Comer, and Brian T. Huber, Mauricio Ibañez Mejia, Brian R. Jicha, J. Marcelo Krause, Jonathan D. Schueth, Bradley S. Singer, María Sol Raigemborn, Mark D. Schmitz, Appy Sluijs, and María del Carmen Zamaloa. 2014. New age constraints for the Salamanca Formation and lower Río Chico Group in the western San Jorge Basin, Patagonia, Argentina: Implications for Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction recovery and land mammal age correlations. GSA Bulletin 126\. 289–306. Accessed 2017-08-15.
* Raigemborn, María Sol; Javier M. Krause; Eduardo Bellosi, and Sergio D. Matheos. 2010. Redefinición estratigráfica del Grupo Río Chico (Paleógeno inferior), en el norte de la Cuenca del Golfo San Jorge, Chubut. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 67\. 239–256. Accessed 2017-08-15.

Río Loro Formation

* Pol, Diego, and Jaime E. Powell. 2011. A new sebecid mesoeucrocodylian from the Rio Loro Formation (Palaeocene) of north-western Argentina. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163\. S7–S36.

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