Type (Unix)

type

Examples of `type` command

Original author(s)| AT&T Corporation
Developer(s)| Various open-source and commercial developers
Initial release| 1984; 42 years ago (1984)
Operating system| Unix and Unix-like
Platform| Cross-platform
Type| Command

In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, `type` is a command that describes how its arguments would be interpreted if used as command names.

## Contents

* 1 Function
* 1.1 Examples
* 2 History
* 3 See also
* 4 References

## Function

Where applicable, `type` will display the command name's path. Possible command types are:

* shell built-in
* function
* alias
* hashed command
* keyword

The command returns a non-zero exit status if command names cannot be found.

### Examples

$ type test
test is a shell builtin
$ type cp
cp is /bin/cp
$ type unknown
unknown not found
$ type type
type is a shell builtin

## History

The `type` command was a shell builtin for Bourne shell that was introduced in AT&T's System V Release 2 (SVR2) in 1984,[1] and continues to be included in many other POSIX-compatible shells such as Bash. However, `type` is not part of the POSIX standard. With a POSIX shell, similar behavior is retrieved with

command -V name

In the KornShell, the command `whence` provides similar functionality.[2]

The command is available as a separate package for Microsoft Windows as part of the UnxUtils collection of native Win32 ports of common GNU Unix-like utilities.[3]

## See also

* List of Unix commands
* which (command)
* hash (Unix)

## References

1. ↑ "traditional Bourne shell family / history and development". https://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/bourne/index.html.
2. ↑ Siever, Ellen (27 July 2005). Linux in a Nutshell. Nutshell handbooks. O'Reilly Media, Inc. (published 2005). p. 695. ISBN 9780596009304. https://books.google.com/books?id=WQPQEbGx73EC. Retrieved 2016-07-05. "whence [...] Korn shell only. Show whether each command is a Unix command, a built-in command, a defined shell function, or an alias."
3. ↑ Native Win32 ports of some GNU utilities

* v
* t
* e

Unix command-line interface programs and shell builtins

File system|

* cat
* chmod
* chown
* chgrp
* cksum
* cmp
* cp
* dd
* du
* df
* file
* fuser
* ln
* ls
* mkdir
* mv
* pax
* pwd
* rm
* rmdir
* split
* tee
* touch
* type
* umask

Processes|

* at
* bg
* crontab
* fg
* kill
* nice
* ps
* time

User environment|

* env
* exit
* logname
* mesg
* talk
* tput
* uname
* who
* write

Text processing|

* awk
* basename
* comm
* csplit
* cut
* diff
* dirname
* ed
* ex
* fold
* head
* iconv
* join
* m4
* more
* nl
* paste
* patch
* printf
* sed
* sort
* strings
* tail
* tr
* uniq
* vi
* wc
* xargs

Shell builtins|

* alias
* cd
* echo
* test
* unset
* wait

Searching|

* find
* grep

Documentation|

* man

Software development|

* ar
* ctags
* lex
* make
* nm
* strip
* yacc

Miscellaneous|

* bc
* cal
* expr
* lp
* od
* sleep
* true and false

* Categories
* Standard Unix programs
* Unix SUS2008 utilities
* List

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