Samarium (153Sm) lexidronam

Short description: Chemical compound

Samarium (153Sm) lexidronam

Clinical data
Trade names| Quadramet
Routes of
administration| Intravenous
ATC code|

* V10BX02 (WHO)

Legal status
Legal status|

* EU: Rx-only
* In general: ℞ (Prescription only)

Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability| N/A
Identifiers

IUPAC name

* Pentasodium samarium (153Sm) N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(phosphonatomethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine

CAS Number|

* 122575-21-7 Y
176669-18-4 (pentasodium)

PubChem CID|

* 9810246

UNII|

* 745X144DZY

ChEMBL|

* ChEMBL1201796

Chemical and physical data
Formula| C6H12N2Na5O12P4153Sm
Molar mass| 695.93 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)|

* Interactive image
* covalent form: Interactive image

SMILES

* C(CN(CP(=O)([O-])[O-])CP(=O)([O-])[O-])N(CP(=O)([O-])[O-])CP(=O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[153Sm+3]

covalent form: C(CN(CP(=O)([O-])O[153Sm-]123)CP(=O)([O-])O1)N(CP(=O)([O-])O2)CP(=O)([O-])O3.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+]

Samarium (153Sm) lexidronam (chemical name Samarium-153-ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphonate, abbreviated Samarium-153 EDTMP, trade name Quadramet) is a chelated complex of a radioisotope of the element samarium with EDTMP. It is used to treat pain when cancer has spread to the bone.[1][2]

It is injected into a vein and distributed throughout the body, where it is preferentially absorbed in areas where cancer has invaded the bone. The radioisotope 153Sm, with a half-life of 46.3 hours, decays by emitting beta particles (electrons), which kill the nearby cells. Pain begins to improve in the first week for most people and the effects can last several months. It is commonly used in lung cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, and osteosarcoma.

## Side effects

Side effects[3] include the following:

* Black, tarry stools
* Blood in urine/stool
* Cough, hoarseness
* Fever/chills
* Lower back/side pain
* Painful or difficult urination
* Pinpoint red spots on skin
* Irregular heartbeat
* Nausea, vomiting

## Supply and administration

Samarium lexidronam is supplied as a frozen solution for intravenous use with an activity of 50±5 mCi/mL[4] and a maximum beta energy of 0.808 MeV.[5] Due to the short half-life of the radioisotope, the drug expires 56 hours after the noted calibration time.[4]

## References

1. ↑ "Samarium for osteoblastic bone metastases and osteosarcoma". Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 7 (11): 1475–86. August 2006. doi:10.1517/14656566.7.11.1475. PMID 16859431.
2. ↑ "Radioisotopes for the palliation of metastatic bone cancer: a systematic review". The Lancet. Oncology 6 (6): 392–400. June 2005. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(05)70206-0. PMID 15925817.
3. ↑ "Quadramet Side Effects in Detail". Drugs.com. https://www.drugs.com/sfx/quadramet-side-effects.html.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 FDA Professional Drug Information on Quadramet. 2009.
5. ↑ "Table of Radionuclides". Henry Becquerel National Laboratory. http://www.nucleide.org/DDEP_WG/Nuclides/Sm-153_tables.pdf.

* v
* t
* e

Therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals (ATC: V10)

Pain palliation|

* 153Sm
* Lexidronam
* 89Sr (Strontium chloride)

Adrenergic tumors|

* 131I
* Iobenguane

CD20 antibodies|

* 90Y
* Ibritumomab tiuxetan
* 131I
* Tositumomab

Radionuclides|

| alpha emitters|

* 223Ra (Radium chloride)

|

beta emitters|

* 32P
* 89Sr
* 90Y
* 131I
* 153Sm
* 165Dy
* 169Er
* 177Lu (Oxodotreotide)
* 186Re
* 198Au

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