Long March 1
Changzheng-1 (CZ-1)

Manufacturer| MAI, CASC, CAST
Country of origin| China
Size
Height| 29.86 m (98.0 ft)
Diameter| 2.25 m (7 ft 5 in)
Mass| 81,570 kg (179,830 lb)
Stages| 3
Capacity
Payload to Low Earth orbit| 300 kg (660 lb)
Associated rockets
Family| Long March
Launch history
Status| Retired
Launch sites| Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
Total launches| 2
Successes| 2
First flight| 24 April 1970
Last flight| 3 March 1971
Notable payloads| Dong Fang Hong I
First stage
Length| 17.835 m (58.51 ft)
Diameter| 2.25 m (7 ft 5 in)
Empty mass| 4,180 kg (9,220 lb)
Gross mass| 65,250 kg (143,850 lb)
Engines| 1 YF-2A (4 x YF-1A)
Thrust| 1,101.2 kN (247,600 lbf) (sea level)
1,214.4 kN (273,000 lbf) (vacuum level)
Specific impulse| 242.5 s (2.378 km/s) (sea level)
267.4 s (2.622 km/s) (vacuum level)
Burn time| About 130 seconds [1]
Fuel| UDMH/AK27S[2]
Second stage
Length| 7.486 m (24.56 ft)
Diameter| 2.25 m (7 ft 5 in)
Empty mass| 2,340 kg (5,160 lb)
Gross mass| 13,550 kg (29,870 lb)
Engines| YF-3A
Thrust| 320.2 kN (72,000 lbf)
Specific impulse| 286.9 s (2.814 km/s)
Burn time| About 126 seconds
Fuel| UDMH/AK27S
Third stage – FG-02
Length| 4.565 m (14.98 ft)
Diameter| 0.77 m (2 ft 6 in)
Empty mass| 400 kg (880 lb)
Gross mass| 2,200 kg (4,900 lb)
Engines| FG-02
Thrust| 181 kN (41,000 lbf)
Specific impulse| 254 s (2.49 km/s)
Burn time| 38 seconds
Fuel| Solid: Polysulfide

The Long March 1 (长征一号), also known as the Changzheng-1 (CZ-1),[3] was the first member of China's Long March rocket family.[4] Like the U.S.'s and the Soviet Union's first rockets, it was based on a class of ballistic missiles, namely the DF-4 class.[5]

## Contents

* 1 History
* 2 Launch History
* 3 See also
* 4 References

## History

Development started in January 1965 as the Seventh Ministry of Machinery Industry issued a design task. The two stage liquid fueled DF-4 was modified by adding a third stage in order to make it to the desired orbit. Long March 1's second flight launched China's first satellite Dong Fang Hong 1 to space on 24 April 1970. The rocket was operational during 1970–1971. Wang Xiji was the chief designer of the rocket.[6]

## Launch History

Main page: Engineering:List of Long March launches
Long March 1 (Launch history)  Date and time (GMT) | Launch site | Payload | Orbit | Function | Decay | Outcome | Notes

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24 April 1970
13:35  |  Jiuquan, LA-2A  |  Dong Fang Hong 1 | LEO  | Test satellite  |  | Success  | First satellite launched by China.
3 March 1971
12:15  |  Jiuquan, LA-2A  |  Shijian 1  | LEO  | Technology demonstration | 17 June 1979  | Success  |

## See also

* DF-4 - ICBM on which this rocket is based
* Long March 1D \- Other member of this rocket family
* YF-2A - Main propulsion module
* FG-02 \- Upper stage

## References

1. ↑ "Space Launchers - Long March". http://www.braeunig.us/space/specs/lgmarch.htm.
2. ↑ "Go Taikonauts! - Launch Vehicle". http://geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/1921/launch.htm.
3. ↑ "CZ-1". Astronautix.com. http://astronautix.com/lvs/cz1.htm.
4. ↑ 问鼎苍穹：共和国航天纪实. 中国南京: 江苏文艺出版社. 2009. p. 128. ISBN 978-7-5399-3457-0.
5. ↑ "Long March". Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/Chang-Zheng.
6. ↑ Stokes, Mark A. (July 2003). "The People's Liberation Army and China's Space and Missile Development". The Lessons of History: The Chinese people's Liberation Army at 75. Strategic Studies Institute. p. 235. ISBN 978-1-58487-126-2. https://ssi.armywarcollege.edu/pdffiles/PUB52.pdf. Retrieved 2 December 2023.

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Long March (rocket family)

Rockets|

* Feng Bao 1
* Long March 1
* 1D
* Long March 2
* 2A
* 2C
* 2D
* 2E
* 2F
* Long March 3
* 3A
* 3B
* 3B/E
* 3C
* Long March 4
* 4A
* 4B
* 4C
* Long March 5
* 5B
* Long March 6
* Long March 7
* 7A
* Long March 8
* Long March 9
* Long March 11

Launch sites|

* Jiuquan
* Taiyuan
* Wenchang
* Xichang

Manufacturers|

* China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology
* Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology

Designers|

Wang Xiji

* List of Long March launches

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