Xenon tetroxide

Short description: Noble gas compound

Xenon tetroxide  | Xenon tetroxide | Space-filling model of the xenon tetroxide molecule

|

Names
IUPAC names

Xenon tetraoxide
Xenon(VIII) oxide

Other names

Xenon tetroxide
Perxenic anhydride

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 12340-14-6 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 21106492 Y

InChI

* InChI=1S/O4Xe/c1-5(2,3)4 Y

Key: VHWKDFQUJRCZDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

* InChI=1/O4Xe/c1-5(2,3)4

Key: VHWKDFQUJRCZDZ-UHFFFAOYAS

SMILES

* [O-] [Xe+4]([O-])([O-])[O-]

Properties

Chemical formula

| XeO4
Molar mass | 195.29 g mol−1
Appearance  | Yellow solid below −36 °C
Melting point |  −35.9 °C (−32.6 °F; 237.2 K)
Boiling point |  0 °C (32 °F; 273 K)[1]

Solubility in water

| reacts
Structure

Molecular shape

| Tetrahedral[2]

Dipole moment

| 0 D
Thermochemistry

Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)

| +153.5 kcal mol−1 [3]
Hazards
Main hazards | powerful explosive
Related compounds

Related compounds

| Perxenic acid
Xenon trioxide

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Xenon tetroxide is a chemical compound of xenon and oxygen with molecular formula XeO4, remarkable for being a relatively stable compound of a noble gas. It is a yellow crystalline solid that is stable below −35.9 °C; above that temperature it is very prone to exploding and decomposing into elemental xenon and oxygen (O2).[4][5]

All eight valence electrons of xenon are involved in the bonds with the oxygen, and the oxidation state of the xenon atom is +8. Oxygen is the only element that can bring xenon up to its highest oxidation state; even fluorine can only give XeF6 (+6).

Two other short-lived xenon compounds with an oxidation state of +8, XeO3F2 and XeO2F4, are accessible by the reaction of xenon tetroxide with xenon hexafluoride. XeO3F2 and XeO2F4 can be detected with mass spectrometry. The perxenates are also compounds where xenon has the +8 oxidation state.

## Contents

* 1 Reactions
* 2 Synthesis
* 3 References

## Reactions

At temperatures above −35.9 °C, xenon tetroxide is very prone to explosion, decomposing into xenon and oxygen gases with ΔH = −643 kJ/mol:

XeO4 → Xe + 2 O2

Xenon tetroxide dissolves in water to form perxenic acid and in alkalis to form perxenate salts:

XeO4 \+ 2 H2O → H4XeO6
XeO4 \+ 4 NaOH → Na4XeO6 \+ 2 H2O

Xenon tetroxide can also react with xenon hexafluoride to give xenon oxyfluorides:

XeO4 \+ XeF6 → XeOF4 \+ XeO3F2
XeO4 \+ 2XeF6 → XeO2F4 \+ 2 XeOF4

## Synthesis

All syntheses start from the perxenates, which are accessible from the xenates through two methods. One is the disproportionation of xenates to perxenates and xenon:

2 HXeO−4 \+ 2 OH− → XeO4−6 \+ Xe + O2 \+ 2 H2O

The other is oxidation of the xenates with ozone in basic solution:

HXeO−4 \+ O3 \+ 3 OH− → XeO4−6 \+ O2 \+ 2 H2O

Barium perxenate is reacted with sulfuric acid and the unstable perxenic acid is dehydrated to give xenon tetroxide:[6]

Ba2XeO6 \+ 2 H2SO4 → 2 BaSO4 \+ H4XeO6
H4XeO6 → 2 H2O \+ XeO4

Any excess perxenic acid slowly undergoes a decomposition reaction to xenic acid and oxygen:

2 H4XeO6 → O2 \+ 2 H2XeO4 \+ 2 H2O

## References

1. ↑ Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 494. ISBN 0-8493-0594-2.
2. ↑ G. Gundersen; K. Hedberg; J. L.Huston (1970). "Molecular Structure of Xenon Tetroxide, XeO4". J. Chem. Phys. 52 (2): 812–815. doi:10.1063/1.1673060. Bibcode: 1970JChPh..52..812G.
3. ↑ Gunn, S. R. (May 1965). "The Heat of Formation of Xenon Tetroxide". Journal of the American Chemical Society 87 (10): 2290–2291. doi:10.1021/ja01088a038.
4. ↑ H.Selig, J. G. Malm, H. H. Claassen, C. L. Chernick, J. L. Huston (1964). "Xenon tetroxide – Preparation & Some Properties". Science 143 (3612): 1322–3. doi:10.1126/science.143.3612.1322. PMID 17799234. Bibcode: 1964Sci...143.1322S.
5. ↑ J. L. Huston; M. H. Studier; E. N. Sloth (1964). "Xenon tetroxide — Mass Spectrum". Science 143 (3611): 1162–3. doi:10.1126/science.143.3611.1161-a. PMID 17833897. Bibcode: 1964Sci...143.1161H.
6. ↑ A. Earnshaw; Norman Greenwood (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Elsevier. p. 901. ISBN 9780080501093.

* v
* t
* e

Xenon compounds

Xenon(0)|

* AuXe4(Sb2F11)2

Xenon(I)|

* XePtF6
* XeRhF6
* XeRuF6
* XePuF6
* XeF

Xenon(II)|

* XeF2
* XeFPtF5
* XeFPt2F11
* Xe2F3PtF6
* XeCl2
* XeBr2

| Organoxenon(II) compounds|

* XeC6F5F
* XeC6F5C2F3
* XeC6F5CF3
* Xe(C6F5)2
* XeC6F5C6H2F3
* XeC6F5CN
* Xe(CF3)2

|

Xenon(IV)|

* XeO2
* XeF4
* XeOF2
* N(CH3)4XeF5
* XeCl4

| Organoxenon(IV) compounds|

* XeF2C6F5BF4

|

Xenon(VI)|

* XeO3
* XeF6
* XeOF4
* H2XeO4
* (NO)2XeF8
* CsXeF7
* RbXeF7

Xenon(VIII)|

* XeO4
* H4XeO6

Category:Xenon compounds

* v
* t
* e

Noble gas compounds

Helium compounds|

* helium compounds
* HeH+
* LiHe
* Na2He
* He2
* He3

Neon compounds|

* neon compounds

Argon compounds|

* argon compounds
* ArH+
* HArF
* MgAr+
* ArCF22+

Krypton compounds|

* KrF2
* HKrCN
* HKrC2H
* Kr(OTeF5)2
* HCNKrF2

Xenon compounds|

| Xe(0)|

* AuXe4(Sb2F11)2

|

Xe(I)|

* XePtF6
* XeRhF6

Xe(II)|

* XeF2
* XeFPtF5
* XeFPt2F11
* Xe2F3PtF6
* XeCl2
* Organoxenon(II) compounds

Xe(IV)|

* XeO2
* XeF4
* XeOF2
* N(CH3)4XeF5
* Organoxenon(IV) compounds

Xe(VI)|

* XeO3
* XeF6
* XeOF4
* H2XeO4
* (NO)2XeF8

Xe(VIII)|

* XeO4
* H4XeO6

Radon compounds|

| Rn(II)|

* RnF2
* RnFSb2F11

|

Rn(VI)|

* RnO3

* v
* t
* e

Oxides

Mixed oxidation states|

* Antimony tetroxide (Sb2O4)
* Cobalt(II,III) oxide (Co3O4)
* Europium(II,III) oxide (Eu3O4)
* Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe<sub>3O4)
* Lead(II,IV) oxide (Pb3O4)
* Manganese(II,III) oxide (Mn3O4)
* Silver(I,III) oxide (Ag2O2)
* Triuranium octoxide (U3O8)
* Carbon suboxide (C3O2)
* Mellitic anhydride (C12O9)
* [[Chemistry:Praseodymium(III,IV) Praseodymium(III,IV) oxide]] (Pr6O11)
* Terbium(III,IV) oxide (Tb4O7)

+1 oxidation state|

* Copper(I) oxide (Cu<sub>2O)
* Caesium oxide (Cs2O)
* Dicarbon monoxide (C2O)
* Dichlorine monoxide (Cl2O)
* Gallium(I) oxide (Ga2O)
* Lithium oxide (Li2O)
* Potassium oxide (K2O)
* Rubidium oxide (Rb2O)
* Silver oxide (Ag2O)
* Thallium(I) oxide (Tl2O)
* Sodium oxide (Na2O)
* Water (hydrogen oxide) (H2O)

+2 oxidation state|

* Aluminium(II) oxide (AlO)
* Barium oxide (BaO)
* Beryllium oxide (BeO)
* Cadmium oxide (CdO)
* Calcium oxide (CaO)
* Carbon monoxide (CO)
* Chromium(II) oxide (CrO)
* Cobalt(II) oxide (CoO)
* Copper(II) oxide (CuO)
* Europium(II) oxide (EuO)
* Germanium monoxide (GeO))
* Iron(II) oxide (FeO)
* Lead(II) oxide (PbO)
* Magnesium oxide (MgO)
* Manganese(II) oxide (MnO)
* Mercury(II) oxide (HgO)
* Nickel(II) oxide (NiO)
* Nitric oxide (NO)
* Palladium(II) oxide (PdO)
* Silicon monoxide (SiO)
* Strontium oxide (SrO)
* Sulfur monoxide (SO)
* Disulfur dioxide (S2O2)
* Thorium monoxide (ThO)
* Tin(II) oxide (SnO)
* Titanium(II) oxide (TiO)
* Vanadium(II) oxide (VO)
* Zinc oxide (ZnO)

+3 oxidation state|

* Aluminium oxide (Al<sub>2O3)
* Antimony trioxide (Sb2O3)
* Arsenic trioxide (As2O3)
* Bismuth(III) oxide (Bi2O3)
* Boron trioxide (B2O3)
* Cerium(III) oxide (Ce2O3)
* Dibromine trioxide (Br2O3)
* Chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3)
* Dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3)
* Dysprosium(III) oxide (Dy2O3)
* Erbium(III) oxide (Er2O3)
* Europium(III) oxide (Eu2O3)
* Gadolinium(III) oxide (Gd2O3)
* Gallium(III) oxide (Ga2O3)
* Holmium(III) oxide (Ho2O3)
* Indium(III) oxide (In<sub>2O3)
* Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)
* Lanthanum oxide (La2O3)
* Lutetium(III) oxide (Lu2O3)
* Manganese(III) oxide (Mn2O3)
* Neodymium(III) oxide (Nd2O3)
* Nickel(III) oxide (Ni2O3)
* Phosphorus trioxide (P4O6)
* Praseodymium(III) oxide (Pr2O3)
* Promethium(III) oxide (Pm2O3)
* Rhodium(III) oxide (Rh2O3)
* [[Chemistry:Samarium(III) Samarium(III) oxide]] (Sm2O3)
* Scandium oxide (Sc2O3)
* Terbium(III) oxide (Tb2O3)
* Thallium(III) oxide (Tl2O3)
* Thulium(III) oxide (Tm2O3)
* Titanium(III) oxide (Ti2O3)
* Tungsten(III) oxide (W2O3)
* Vanadium(III) oxide (V2O3)
* Ytterbium(III) oxide (Yb2O3)
* Yttrium(III) oxide (Y2O3)

+4 oxidation state|

* Americium dioxide (AmO2)
* Carbon dioxide (CO2)
* Carbon trioxide (CO3)
* Cerium(IV) oxide (CeO2)
* Chlorine dioxide (ClO2)
* Chromium(IV) oxide (CrO<sub>2)
* Dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4)
* Germanium dioxide (GeO<sub>2)
* [[Chemistry:Hafnium(IV) Hafnium(IV) oxide]] (HfO2)
* Lead dioxide (PbO2)
* Manganese dioxide (MnO2)
* Neptunium(IV) oxide (NpO2)
* Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
* Osmium dioxide (OsO2)
* Plutonium(IV) oxide (PuO2)
* Praseodymium(IV) oxide (PrO2)
* Protactinium(IV) oxide (PaO2)
* Rhodium(IV) oxide (RhO2)
* Ruthenium(IV) oxide (RuO<sub>2)
* Selenium dioxide (SeO2)
* Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
* Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
* Tellurium dioxide (TeO<sub>2)
* [[Chemistry:Terbium(IV) Terbium(IV) oxide]] (TbO2)
* Thorium dioxide (ThO2)
* Tin dioxide (SnO2)
* Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2)
* Tungsten(IV) oxide (WO2)
* Uranium dioxide (UO2)
* Vanadium(IV) oxide (VO2)
* Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

+5 oxidation state|

* Antimony pentoxide (Sb2O5)
* Arsenic pentoxide (As2O5)
* Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5)
* Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5)
* Phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5)
* Protactinium(V) oxide (Pa2O5)
* Tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5)
* Vanadium(V) oxide (V2O5)

+6 oxidation state|

* Chromium trioxide (CrO3)
* Molybdenum trioxide (MoO3)
* Rhenium trioxide (ReO3)
* Selenium trioxide (SeO3)
* Sulfur trioxide (SO3)
* Tellurium trioxide (TeO3)
* Tungsten trioxide (WO3)
* Uranium trioxide (UO3)
* Xenon trioxide (XeO3)
* Iridium trioxide (IrO3)

+7 oxidation state|

* Dichlorine heptoxide (Cl2O7)
* Manganese heptoxide (Mn2O7)
* [[Chemistry:Rhenium(VII) Rhenium(VII) oxide]] (Re2O7)
* Technetium(VII) oxide (Tc2O7)

+8 oxidation state|

* Osmium tetroxide (OsO4)
* Ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4)
* Xenon tetroxide (XeO4)
* Iridium tetroxide (IrO4)
* Hassium tetroxide (HsO4)

Related|

* Oxocarbon
* Suboxide
* Oxyanion
* Ozonide
* Peroxide
* Superoxide

Oxides are sorted by oxidation state. Category:Oxides

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenon tetroxide. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Chemistry:Xenon_tetroxide&oldid=435950"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template