Seattle, Washington municipal elections, 2015

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List of candidates Position 1 Position 2 Position 3 Position 4 Position 5 Position 6 Position 7 Position 8 — At-large Position 9 — At-large

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Districts map
Issues
Ballot measures
2015 Municipal Elections
2015 Seattle Public Schools elections
Seattle, Washington

The city of Seattle, Washington, held elections for city council on November 3, 2015. A primary took place on August 4, 2015. The filing deadline for candidates who wished to run in this election was May 15, 2015. All nine council seats were up for election.[1][2]

From 1910 to 2015, Seattle elected its council members in at-large elections, meaning voters elected candidates in citywide elections rather than dividing the city into smaller districts. In 2013, however, Seattle voters approved Charter Amendment No. 19. This amendment created seven new districts within the city, each of which was responsible for electing its own representative on city council. Two council members would still be elected at-large. Elections for the Seattle City Council are nonpartisan.

The transition from at-large voting to by-district voting took place in conjunction with the city's 2015 elections. All nine city council seats were up for election, and the seven district members served four-year terms. Initially, the two at-large members would serve two-year terms. They were up for election again in 2017 along with the mayor. After 2017, they served four-year terms. A map of Seattle's seven districts can be seen below.[3]

Incumbent council members elected in 2011 and 2013 were eligible to file in 2015 in the districts where they held residency. Only six incumbents, however, chose to do so: Sally Bagshaw, Jean Godden, Kshama Sawant, Tim Burgess, Bruce Harrell and Mike O'Brien. Burgess was the only incumbent who ran for one of the two at-large seats (Position 8). Incumbents who decided not to run in 2015 included John Okamoto, Nick Licata and Tom Rasmussen. The city council appointed Okamoto to the Position 9 seat in April 2015, following the retirement of Sally J. Clark. Okamoto pledged not to run for a full term in 2015. One incumbent, Jean Godden, was knocked out of the race during the primary election. The other incumbents each won their general election. There were four new members on the council following the 2015 elections.[4]

A total of 47 candidates filed to run for nine seats in the primary election. This field was over twice the size of Seattle's previous two election cycle primaries combined. Ten candidates vied for four seats in the 2013 primary, while 13 vied for five seats in 2011. Backers of the charter amendment that voters approved in 2013 argued that district-based elections would lead to more candidates. Daniel Beekman of The Seattle Times wrote that the numbers seemed to support this argument.[5]

With some of the longest commute times and most expensive housing prices in the country, transportation and affordability were key issues in Seattle's 2015 election cycle. Candidates offered a variety of different solutions and visions for how to address these problems. You can read more about transportation and affordability in Seattle below.

Four seats on the Seattle Public Schools Board of Directors were up for election on November 3 as well—read more about these elections on this page.

## City council[edit]

Map of Seattle's seven new council districts. Click to enlarge

### Candidate list[edit]

#### Position 1 — Southwest[edit]

August 4 Primary election candidates:

* Shannon Braddock a
* Pavel Goberman
* Lisa Herbold a
* Charles R. Redmond III
* Arturo Robles
* Jody Rushmer
* Phillip Tavel
* Brianna Thomas
* Karl Wirsing

Note: Amanda Kay Helmick dropped out of the race on May 20, 2015.[6]

November 3 General election candidates:

* Shannon Braddock
* Lisa Herbold

Note: The race between Braddock and Herbold went to a recount due to a narrow margin after final votes were tallied. Local races in Washington go to mandatory recounts if they have margins of victory of 150 votes or less.[7] Herbold won the recount by the same margin as the original certified vote.

#### Position 2 — Southeast[edit]

August 4 Primary election candidates:

* Joshua Farris
* Bruce Harrell a \- Harrell was elected to the council in 2007.
* Tammy Morales a

November 3 General election candidates:

* Bruce Harrell
* Tammy Morales

#### Position 3 — East Central[edit]

August 4 Primary election candidates:

* Pamela Banks a
* Morgan Beach
* Leon Carter
* Rod Hearne
* Kshama Sawant a \- Sawant was elected to the council in 2013.

November 3 General election candidates:

* Pamela Banks
* Kshama Sawant

#### Position 4 — Lake Union to Sand Point[edit]

August 4 Primary election candidates:

* Jean Godden \- Godden was elected to the council in 2003.
* Rob Johnson a
* Michael J. Maddux a
* Abel Pacheco
* Tony Provine

November 3 General election candidates:

* Rob Johnson
* Michael J. Maddux

#### Position 5 — Central[edit]

August 4 Primary election candidates:

* Sandy Brown a
* Debadutta Dash
* Mercedes Elizalde
* Debora Juarez a
* Kris Lethin
* Hugh Russell
* David Toledo
* Halei Watkins

November 3 General election candidates:

* Sandy Brown
* Debora Juarez

#### Position 6 — Green Lake to Golden Gardens[edit]

August 4 Primary election candidates:

* Jon Lisbin
* Mike O'Brien a \- O'Brien was elected to the council in 2009.
* Stan Shaufler
* Catherine Weatbrook a

November 3 General election candidates:

* Mike O'Brien
* Catherine Weatbrook

#### Position 7 — Downtown to Discovery Park[edit]

August 4 Primary election candidates:

* Sally Bagshaw a \- Bagshaw was elected to the council in 2009.
* Gus Hartmann
* Deborah Zech Artis a

November 3 General election candidates:

* Sally Bagshaw
* Deborah Zech Artis

#### Position 8 — At-large[edit]

August 4 Primary election candidates:

* Tim Burgess a \- Burgess was elected to the council in 2007.
* Jonathan A. Grant a
* John Persak
* John Roderick

November 3 General election candidates:

* Tim Burgess
* Jonathan A. Grant

#### Position 9 — At-large[edit]

August 4 Primary election candidates:

* Alon Bassok
* Bill Bradburd a
* M. Lorena González a
* Omari Tahir-Garrett
* Thomas Tobin
* Alex Tsimerman

November 3 General election candidates:

* Bill Bradburd
* M. Lorena González

### Election results[edit]

# General election[edit]

Seattle City Council Position 1, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Lisa Herbold | 49.8% | 12,459
Shannon Braddock | 49.6% | 12,420
Write-in votes | 0.62% | 155
Total Votes | 25,034
Source: King County, Washington, "November 3, 2015 General Election Recount Summary Report-Final Results, City of Seattle Council District No. 1," December 7, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 2, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Bruce Harrell Incumbent | 50.8% | 9,532
Tammy Morales | 49.0% | 9,188
Write-in votes | 0.25% | 46
Total Votes | 18,766
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 2", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 3, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Kshama Sawant Incumbent | 56.0% | 17,170
Pamela Banks | 43.8% | 13,427
Write-in votes | 0.28% | 87
Total Votes | 30,684
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 3", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 4, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Rob Johnson | 51.3% | 11,808
Michael J. Maddux | 48.2% | 11,100
Write-in votes | 0.48% | 111
Total Votes | 23,019
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 4", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 5, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Debora Juarez | 64.3% | 15,058
Sandy Brown | 35.1% | 8,224
Write-in votes | 0.54% | 126
Total Votes | 23,408
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 5", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 6, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Mike O'Brien Incumbent | 61.3% | 18,830
Catherine Weatbrook | 38.4% | 11,802
Write-in votes | 0.3% | 91
Total Votes | 30,723
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 6", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 7, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Sally Bagshaw Incumbent | 80.9% | 18,576
Deborah Zech Artis | 18.3% | 4,213
Write-in votes | 0.75% | 172
Total Votes | 22,961
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 7", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 8, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Tim Burgess Incumbent | 54.5% | 91,863
Jonathan A. Grant | 44.9% | 75,585
Write-in votes | 0.57% | 968
Total Votes | 168,416
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council Position No. 8", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 9, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
M. Lorena González | 78.1% | 128,588
Bill Bradburd | 21.4% | 35,293
Write-in votes | 0.51% | 844
Total Votes | 164,725
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council Position No. 9", accessed November 3, 2015.

# Primary election[edit]

Seattle City Council Position 1 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Lisa Herbold | 30.1% | 5,234
Shannon Braddock | 27.8% | 4,824
Phillip Tavel | 18.2% | 3,156
Brianna Thomas | 10.2% | 1,765
Charles R. Redmond III | 7.3% | 1,268
Jody Rushmer | 2.1% | 368
Karl Wirsing | 1.4% | 245
Arturo Robles | 1.4% | 240
Pavel Goberman | 1.2% | 204
Write-in  | 0.3% | 58
Total Votes | 16,247
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 2 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Bruce Harrell Incumbent | 61.7% | 8,066
Tammy Morales | 24.7% | 3,223
Joshua Farris | 13.2% | 1,725
Write-in  | 0.4% | 55
Total Votes | 13,069
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 3 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Kshama Sawant Incumbent | 52% | 11,675
Pamela Banks | 34.1% | 7,651
Rod Hearne | 9.7% | 2,168
Morgan Beach | 2.1% | 463
Leon Carter | 1.9% | 436
Write-in  | 0.2% | 44
Total Votes | 22,393
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 4 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Rob Johnson | 32.8% | 5,516
Michael J. Maddux | 24.6% | 4,138
Jean Godden Incumbent | 19.7% | 3,307
Tony Provine | 14.1% | 2,372
Abel Pacheco | 8.4% | 1,416
Write-in  | 0.3% | 46
Total Votes | 16,749
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 5 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Debora Juarez | 39.3% | 6,635
Sandy Brown | 19.9% | 3,360
Halei Watkins | 14.4% | 2,431
Kris Lethin | 7.7% | 1,307
Mercedes Elizalde | 5.8% | 985
Debadutta Dash | 5.7% | 968
David Toledo | 5.7% | 959
Hugh Russell | 1.4% | 231
Write-in  | 0.2% | 27
Total Votes | 14,718
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 6 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Mike O'Brien Incumbent | 59.1% | 12,403
Catherine Weatbrook | 22.3% | 4,680
Jon Lisbin | 13.1% | 2,751
Stan Shaufler | 5.3% | 1,107
Write-in  | 0.3% | 53
Total Votes | 20,994
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 7 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Sally Bagshaw Incumbent | 76.6% | 12,292
Deborah Zech Artis | 13.4% | 2,144
Gus Hartmann | 9.3% | 1,487
Write-in  | 0.7% | 117
Total Votes | 16,040
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 8 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Tim Burgess Incumbent | 45.7% | 54,771
Jonathan A. Grant | 30.8% | 36,937
John Roderick | 15.9% | 19,034
John Persak | 6.9% | 8,301
Write-in  | 0.6% | 702
Total Votes | 119,745
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 9 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
M. Lorena González | 65% | 77,839
Bill Bradburd | 14.9% | 17,895
Alon Bassok | 9.1% | 10,946
Thomas Tobin | 7.8% | 9,361
Omari Tahir-Garrett | 1.5% | 1,854
Alex Tsimerman | 1.2% | 1,470
Write-in  | 0.3% | 344
Total Votes | 117,895
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

## Districts map[edit]

Below is a map of Seattle's seven new council districts as of 2015. Click the map to return to the candidate list.

## Campaign contributions[edit]

The table below shows the amount of campaign contributions reported by each candidate running in the general election. The district totals do not include money raised by candidates who were defeated in the primary. Visit Seattle.gov to find more detailed reports on contributions.[8]

Campaign contributions as of October 12, 2015[8]

District  | Candidate  | Contributions  | District total
1  | Shannon Braddock | $134,306  | $229,421
Lisa Herbold | $95,115
2  | Bruce Harrell | $216,339  | $275,752
Tammy Morales | $59,413
3  | Pamela Banks | $324,760  | $709,579
Kshama Sawant | $384,819
4  | Rob Johnson | $120,722  | $168,147
Michael J. Maddux | $47,425
5  | Sandy Brown | $119,452  | $227,250
Debora Juarez | $107,798
6  | Mike O'Brien | $80,316  | $133,020
Catherine Weatbrook | $52,704
7  | Sally Bagshaw | $113,269  | $113,469
Deborah Zech Artis | $200
8  | Tim Burgess | $361,291  | $422,861
Jonathan A. Grant | $61,570
9  | Bill Bradburd | $78,835  | $276,198
M. Lorena González | $197,363

## Issues[edit]

Two issues that appeared frequently on campaign websites and that loomed large over candidate forums in Seattle's 2015 election cycle were transportation and affordable housing.

### Transportation[edit]

Several studies from 2014 and 2015 found that Seattle residents had some of the longest commute times in the country. A 2014 study by the GPS company TomTom ranked Seattle's traffic as the fourth worst in the nation, noting that most Seattle drivers spent an average of 83 hours per year stuck in traffic.[9] A 2014 study by INRIX, an international data company, ranked Seattle's traffic as the eighth worst in the country and found it to be the twenty-first most congested city in the world.[10][11] NerdWallet.com rated Seattle as the eighth worst in the country for drivers in 2015 and pointed out that "drivers face 48 hours of traffic delays each year or nearly 46% more than the national average."[12]

Candidates offered a flurry of different opinions on how to address Seattle's traffic and transportation problems, including light rail expansion, an improved rapid-transit bus system and extensions, intermodal transportation options, more sidewalks, protected bike lanes and smarter urban planning.

Closely connected to the issue of transportation was the Vision Zero plan, an effort championed by Seattle Mayor Ed Murray to eliminate traffic deaths and injuries by 2030 through road design, education, law enforcement and lower speed limits.[13] Seattle's 2015 council candidates were generally supportive of the plan. You can learn more about candidate stances on transportation in Seattle by clicking the individual candidate profiles above.

### Affordable housing[edit]

Expensive housing was another major issue in Seattle. The U.S. Census Bureau ranked Seattle as the tenth most expensive city in the country for renters, with a median rent at $1,172 per month in 2013.[14] The housing website Zumper.com found that the average rent for a one-bedroom apartment in the city in July 2015 hovered around $1,550, just $200 less than in Los Angeles.[15] Residents looking to buy a home in 2014 faced a median housing price of $360,000, and a report from May 2015 placed Seattle home prices among the fastest growing in the country.[16][17]

As with transportation and traffic, Seattle's council candidates approached the problem of affordability from a variety of different angles, including the development of affordable housing units; tax exemptions and incentives; a housing levy; rent control; relocation assistance for residents dislocated by redevelopment; zoning laws; and apodments and microapartments. You can learn more about candidate stances on affordable housing in Seattle by clicking the individual candidate profiles above.

#### Position 8 candidates on affordable housing[edit]

Tim Burgess

Jonathan A. Grant

In late September, Council President Tim Burgess introduced a resolution calling for the repeal of the state ban on rent control. This was a surprising move because a rent control proposal failed due to a split vote in the city council's Committee on Housing Affordability, Human Services, and Economic Resiliency earlier in the month. Burgess' opponent, Jonathan A. Grant, said this was an example of how his campaign had forced Burgess to move further on this issue. Burgess said he does not favor "classic traditional rent control." He compared his proposal to the previous one, which was introduced by Kshama Sawant and Nick Licata.[18]

“  | As council president, I drafted an alternative resolution that better captures the intent expressed by a majority of council members. That is to request local control for local solutions.[19] | ”

|
|

—Tim Burgess[18]

Grant criticized Burgess' proposal, saying it was a "watered down" version of the previous attempt by Sawant and Licata. He also said, "The way he introduced the resolution was not meant to bolster that conversation, it was meant to end it."[18] The council voted 8-1 to pass the proposal and Burgess said he was "grateful [his] colleagues have rallied around this more levelheaded language." Sawant, although her own resolution had not been passed, declared victory with a statement titled, "Mass Pressure Forces Establishment to Concede."[20]

Despite leading the resolution's passage, Burgess said that it did not necessarily mean that he supported rent control. He said that prohibiting exorbitant rents increases, like being raised by 50 or 100 percent in a year, "is a reasonable regulation and would not hurt the housing market." Grant again took a jab at Burgess in a statement that read, "If Mr. Burgess is to demonstrate this is not a move to pander during an election year, he must reinstate all of the language from Council Member’s Licata and Sawant’s original resolution."[20]

### Races to watch[edit]

#### Position 3: Sawant vs. Banks[edit]

Pamela Banks

Kshama Sawant

The race to represent District 3 on the Seattle City Council between incumbent Kshama Sawant and challenger Pamela Banks attracted the most money of any council race. As of October 12, Sawant had raised $384,820 from 2,919 contributors and Banks had raised $324,760 from 1,131 contributors.[21]

Sawant was elected in 2013 and is a member of the Socialist Alternative Party. Educated at the University of Mumbai and North Carolina State University, she worked as an economics teacher at the Seattle Central Community College before joining the city council.[22] Pamela Banks, the CEO of the Seattle Urban League, earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Washington.[23]

In the primary, Sawant took home the most votes, with 52 percent. Banks received 34.1 percent of the vote. The two swept the board, leaving the other three candidates to share 13.7 percent of the vote.[24] Voter turnout was 36 percent for the primary.[25]

One of Sawant's main points was her desire to increase taxes for the rich. Her campaign website read, "We need a Millionaires’ Tax to fund mass transit, education, and social services!"[26] In a debate with Banks in October, Sawant proposed excise taxes on big businesses in order to support small business. Stressing her beliefs about class conflict, she said, "We all know how big business dominates politics and how their dirty game is played."[25] On the topic of affordable housing, Sawant proposed preventing landlords from raising rent if they have pending building violations against them and creating a Tenant Bill of Rights to help people with past convictions find housing.[27]

During the October 2015 debate, Banks criticized Sawant for missing council meetings. "You can’t represent the people without doing the work of government," she said. She also vowed to keep regular office hours for District 3 residents. Banks' campaign was also focused on public safety, and she said that Sawant had not been a leader on this issue. She proposed a "violence interrupters" program, which would have former gang members working to help kids going down the same path.[25]

The charts below display the geographic locations from which each candidate received her campaign donations.[21]

|

## Additional elections on the ballot[edit]

See also: Washington elections, 2015

A primary for the state House District 30b appeared on the ballot on August 4, 2015. Winners of this race and the Seattle City Council races advanced to the general election on November 3, 2015.

King County Director of Elections and Port of Seattle Commission Positions No. 2 and 5 races also shared the primary and general election ballots.

### School board elections[edit]

See also: Seattle Public Schools elections (2015)

Four of the seven seats on the Seattle Public Schools were up for election in 2015. Only one incumbent filed to run for re-election, so the board was guaranteed to have three new members. Two of the districts required primary contests on August 4, 2015. Education policy was a matter of discussion among several of the city council candidates as well. There were also state legislation introduced that would have made the Seattle school board a partially appointed body.

To find out more about the Seattle Public Schools Board of Directors elections, see the school board election overview page.

### Ballot measures[edit]

#### Campaign Finance and Elections, Initiative Measure No. 122[edit]

See also: City of Seattle Restrictions on Campaign Finance and Elections, Initiative Measure No. 122 (November 2015)

An initiative designed to increase public participation in government through laws governing campaign finance and elections was on the ballot for Seattle voters in King County, Washington, on November 3, 2015.[28] It was approved.

Initiative Measure No. 122 established or amended several provisions governing the city's campaign finance and elections laws.

See this page for details.

#### Transportation property tax, Proposition No. 1[edit]

See also: City of Seattle Transportation Property Tax Levy, Proposition No. 1 (November 2015)

A transportation property tax levy was on the ballot for Seattle voters in King County, Washington, on November 3, 2015. It was approved.

Proposition No. 1, which was also called the "Move Seattle" proposition, authorized the city to replace an expiring property tax levy with a tax designed to collect $930 million over 9 years to be used for transportation improvements and maintenance. The measure was intended to raise $95 million in tax revenue over the first year of the Prop. 1 property tax. The property tax rate required to achieve this revenue was estimated to be $62 per $100,000 of assessed property value. This would not put the city's total property tax rate above the state-set maximum of $360 per $100,000. The measure dictated that the amount of this tax could be adjusted by no more than 10 percent by a regular ordinance of the city council requiring a majority vote. It was written to allow a three-fourths supermajority vote of the city council to adjust it by more than 10 percent.[28]

## Census information[edit]

The table below shows demographic information about Seattle, Washington, from the United States Census Bureau.

Demographic data for Seattle, Washington (2015)

| Seattle| Washington
Total population:| 653,017| 7,160,290
Land area (square miles):| 84| 66,456
Race and ethnicity[29]
White:| 69.5%| 77.8%
Black/African American:| 7.2%| 3.6%
Asian:| 14.2%| 7.7%
Native American:| 0.7%| 1.3%
Pacific Islander:| 0.4%| 0.6%
Two or more:| 6.1%| 5.2%
Hispanic/Latino:| 6.5%| 12%
Education
High school graduation rate:| 93.4%| 90.4%
College graduation rate:| 58.9%| 32.9%
Income
Median household income:| $70,594| $61,062
Persons below poverty level:| 13.5%| 14.4%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015)

## Recent news[edit]

The link below is to the most recent stories in a Google news search for the terms Seattle Washington Election. These results are automatically generated from Google. Ballotpedia does not curate or endorse these articles.

Seattle, Washington municipal elections, 2015 - Google News

## See also[edit]

* United States municipal elections, 2015
* Seattle, Washington
* Seattle Public Schools elections (2015)

## External links[edit]

| Suggest a link

|

* City of Seattle \- Law, Rules and Information for Filers
* City of Seattle \- 2015 Candidate List
* King County Elections \- Official primary election results

## Footnotes[edit]

1. ↑ City of Seattle, "Law, Rules and Information for Filers," accessed September 19, 2014
2. ↑ City of Seattle, "Seattle City Council Districts," accessed December 31, 2014
3. ↑ City of Seattle, "Seattle City Council Districts," accessed May 19, 2015
4. ↑ The Seattle Times, "John Okamoto chosen to replace Sally Clark on City Council," April 27, 2015
5. ↑ The Seattle Times, "Candidates who filed to run in key area races," May 15, 2015
6. ↑ West Seattle Herald, "Amanda Helmick drops out of District 1 City Council race," May 20, 2015
7. ↑ The Seattle Times, "Election results certified; recount ahead for Seattle council race," November 24, 2015
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 City of Seattle, "Election Charts: All Candidates," accessed October 14, 2015
9. ↑ Mynorthwest.com, "Study: Seattle traffic fourth worst in nation," June 4, 2014
10. ↑ Seattle Times, " Seattle traffic congestion: We’re No. 5," March 31, 2015
11. ↑ INRIX, "Traffic Scorecard," accessed July 28, 2015
12. ↑ NerdWallet.com, "Worst Cities for Car Drivers," May 4, 2015
13. ↑ City of Seattle, "Vision Zero," accessed July 28, 2015
14. ↑ Seattle Times, "Census: Seattle saw steepest rent hike among major U.S. cities," September 18, 2014
15. ↑ Zumper.com, "Zumper National Rent Report: July 2015," July 2, 2015
16. ↑ Seattle Business Journal, "Seattle home prices increase faster than almost every other U.S. city," May 26, 2015
17. ↑ Seattle Business Journal, "Seattle home prices jump as 2015 shapes up to be biggest market in 8 years," February 27, 2015
18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 King5, "Debate over rent control and race for Seattle Position 8," October 2, 2015
19. ↑ Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 The Stranger, "City Council Passes Rent Control Resolution (And Does a Couple Other Good Things for Renters You Might Have Missed)," September 21, 2015
21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 City of Seattle, "Elections: Charts," accessed October 6, 2015
22. ↑ Official campaign website of Kshama Sawant, "About Kshama Sawant," accessed July 21, 2015
23. ↑ electpamelabanks.com, "About," accessed July 22, 2015
24. ↑ King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015
25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 Seattle pi, "Kshama Sawant vs. Pamela Banks: Grandiose designs vs. local grounding," October 5, 2015
26. ↑ Official 2015 campaign website of Kshama Sawant, "Issues," accessed July 21, 2015
27. ↑ Capitol Hill Seattle Blog, "Sawant and Banks throw barbs — and take a few hits — in District 3 debate," October 5, 2015
28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 King County Elections, "November 3, 2015 General And Special Election, City of Seattle, Initiative Measure No. 122," accessed October 5, 2015 Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; name "TEXT" defined multiple times with different content
29. ↑ Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

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