Lanthanum trifluoride

Crystal structure

Names
Other names

Lanthanum(III) fluoride

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 13709-38-1 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 75498 Y

EC Number |

* 237-252-8

PubChem CID

* 83675

InChI

* InChI=1S/La.3FH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3 Y

Key: BYMUNNMMXKDFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K Y

* InChI=1/La.3FH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3

SMILES

* F[La](F)F

Properties

Chemical formula

| LaF3
Molar mass | 195.900 g/mol[1]
Appearance  | white, crystalline solid
Density | 5.9 g/cm3[1]
Melting point |  1,493 °C (2,719 °F; 1,766 K)[1]

Refractive index (nD)

| 1.606
Structure

Crystal structure

| Rhombohedral, hR24

Space group

| P3c1, No. 165[2]

Lattice constant

a = 0.7185 nm, c = 0.7351 nm

Lattice volume (V)

| 0.32865

Formula units (Z)

| 6
Hazards
Safety data sheet | [3]
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)  |

[3] pg 3

Related compounds

Other anions

| Lanthanum(III) chloride
Lanthanum(III) bromide
Lanthanum(III) iodide

Other cations

| Actinium(III) fluoride

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Lanthanum trifluoride is a refractory ionic compound of lanthanum and fluorine.[4] The chemical formula is LaF3.

## Contents

* 1 The LaF3 structure
* 2 Applications
* 3 Natural occurrence
* 4 References

## The LaF3 structure

Lanthanum coordination

Bonding is ionic with lanthanum highly coordinated. The cation sits at the center of a trigonal prism. Nine fluorine atoms are close: three at the bottom corners of the trigonal prism, three in the faces of the trigonal prism, and three at top corners of the trigonal prism. There are also two fluorides a little further away above and below the prism. The cation can be considered 9-coordinate or 11-coordinate.[4] At 300 K, the structure allows the formation of Schottky defects with an activation energy of 0.07 eV, and free flow of fluoride ions with an activation energy of 0.45 eV, making the crystal unusually electrically conductive.[5][6]

The larger sized rare earth elements (lanthanides), which are those with smaller atomic number, also form trifluorides with the LaF3 structure.[4] Some actinides do as well.

## Applications

This white salt is sometimes used as the "high-index" component in multilayer optical elements such as ultraviolet dichroic and narrowband mirrors. Fluorides are among the most commonly used compounds for UV optical coatings due to their relative inertness and transparency in the far ultraviolet (FUV) (100 nm < λ < 200 nm). Multilayer reflectors and antireflection coatings are typically composed of pairs of transparent materials, one with a low index of refraction, the other with a high index. LaF3 is one of very few high-index materials in the far UV.[7] The material is also a component of multimetal fluoride glasses such as ZBLAN.[8] It is also doped with europium(II) fluoride in fluoride selective electrodes.[9]

## Natural occurrence

LaF3 occurs in the nature as the extremely rare mineral fluocerite-(La).[10][11] The suffix in the name is known as the Levinson modifier and, by showing the dominant element at a particular site in the structure, is used to differentiate from similar minerals (here: fluocerite-(Ce)).[12]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Haynes, William M., ed (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.69. ISBN 1439855110.
2. ↑ Zalkin, A.; Templeton, D. H. (1985). "Refinement of the trigonal crystal structure of lanthanum trifluoride with neutron diffraction data". Acta Crystallographica Section B 41 (2): 91. doi:10.1107/S0108768185001689. Bibcode: 1985AcCrB..41...91Z. http://journals.iucr.org/b/issues/1985/02/00/a24381/a24381.pdf.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Safety Data Sheet: Lanthanum(III) fluoride". Thermo Fisher Scientific. 19 January 2018. https://www.fishersci.com/shop/msdsproxy?productName=AC199170250&productDescription=LANTHANUM(III)-FLUORIDE%2C+25GR&catNo=AC19917-0250&vendorId=VN00032119&storeId=10652.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Cotton, Simon (30 January 2007). Lanthanide and Actinide Chemistry. Wiley. pp. 25–27. ISBN 978-0-470-01007-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=SvAbtU6XvzgC&pg=PA26.
5. ↑ Frant, Martin S.; Ross, James W. (23 December 1966). "Electrode for Sensing Fluoride Ion Activity in Solution". Science 154 (3756): 1553–1555. doi:10.1126/science.154.3756.1553. PMID 5924922. Bibcode: 1966Sci...154.1553F. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1720460.pdf.
6. ↑ Sher, A.; Solomon, R.; Lee, K.; Muller, M. W. (15 April 1966). "Transport Properties of La F 3". Physical Review 144 (2): 593–604. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.144.593. Bibcode: 1966PhRv..144..593S.
7. ↑ Rodríguez-de Marcos, Luis (23 September 2015). "Multilayers and optical constants of various fluorides in the far UV". in Lequime, Michel; MacLeod, H. Angus; Ristau, Detlev. Optical Systems Design 2015: Advances in Optical Thin Films V. Proceedings of SPIE. 9627. pp. 96270B. doi:10.1117/12.2191309. Bibcode: 2015SPIE.9627E..0BR. http://spie.org/Publications/Proceedings/Paper/10.1117/12.2191309. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
8. ↑ Harrington, James A.. "Infrared Fiber Optics". Rutgers University. http://irfibers.rutgers.edu/pdf_files/ir_fiber_review.pdf.
9. ↑ Light, Truman S.; Cappuccino, Carleton C. (April 1975). "Determination of fluoride in toothpaste using an ion-selective electrode". Journal of Chemical Education 52 (4): 247–250. doi:10.1021/ed052p247. PMID 1133123. Bibcode: 1975JChEd..52..247L.
10. ↑ "Fluocerite-(La)". https://www.mindat.org/min-1568.html.
11. ↑ "List of Minerals". 21 March 2011. https://www.ima-mineralogy.org/Minlist.htm.
12. ↑ Burke, Ernst A.J. (2008). "Tidying up mineral names: an IMA-CNMNC scheme for suffixes, hyphens and diacrital marks". Mineralogical Record 39 (2): 131–135. http://www.mineralogicalrecord.com. Retrieved 14 November 2020.

* v
* t
* e

Lanthanum compounds

* LaB6
* LaBr3
* LaC2
* LaCl3
* La2(CO3)3
* LaH10
* LaF3
* La2O3
* La(OH)3

* v
* t
* e

Salts and covalent derivatives of the fluoride ion

HF |  |  |  | He

|
|
|
|

LiF | BeF2 | BF
BF3
B2F4 | CF4
other compounds | NF3
FN3
N2F2
N2F4
NF5§  | F2O
F2O2
other compounds | F2 | Ne
NaF | MgF2 | AlF
AlF3 | SiF4 | P2F4
PF3
PF5 | S2F2
SF2
SF4
SF6 | ClF
ClF3
ClF5 | Ar
KF | CaF
CaF2 | ScF3 | TiF2
TiF3
TiF4 | VF2
VF3
VF4
VF5 | CrF2
CrF3
CrF4
CrF5
CrF6§  | MnF2 | FeF2
FeF3 | CoF2
CoF3 | NiF2 | CuF
CuF2 | ZnF2 | GaF2
GaF3 | GeF2
GeF4 | AsF3
AsF5 | Se2F2
SeF4
SeF6 | BrF
BrF3
BrF5 | KrF2
RbF | SrF
SrF2 | YF3 | ZrF3
ZrF4 | NbF4
NbF5 | MoF2
MoF3
MoF4
MoF5
MoF6 | TcF4
TcF6 | RuF3
RuF5
RuF6 | RhF3
RhF5
RhF6 | PdF2 | AgF | CdF2 | InF
InF2
InF3 | SnF2
SnF4 | SbF3
SbF5 | Te3F2
TeF4
TeF6 | IF
IF3</br>IF5</br>IF7 | XeF2
XeF4
XeF6
CsF | BaF2 |  | HfF4 | TaF5 | WF2
WF3
WF4
WF5
WF6 | Re3F9
ReF4
ReF5
ReF6
ReF7 | OsF4
OsF5
OsF6 | IrF2
IrF3
IrF4
IrF5
IrF6 | PtF2
PtF4
PtF5
PtF6 | AuF
AuF3
Au2F10
AuF5•F2 | Hg2F2
HgF2
HgF4 | TlF | PbF2
PbF4 | BiF3
BiF5 | PoF2
PoF4
PoF6 | AtF  | RnF2
FrF | RaF2 |  | Rf  | Db  | Sg  | Bh  | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og
| ↓  |  |
LaF3 | CeF3
CeF4 | PrF3 | NdF2,
NdF3 | PmF3 | SmF2,
SmF3 | EuF2,
EuF3 | GdF3 | TbF3 | DyF2,
DyF3 | HoF3 | ErF3 | TmF2
TmF3 | YbF2
YbF3 | LuF3
AcF3 | ThF4 | PaF5 | UF3
UF4
UF5
UF6 | NpF4
NpF6 | PuF3
PuF6 | AmF2
AmF3 | CmF3 | BkF3 | CfF3 | EsF3 | Fm  | Md  | No  | LrF3

§ means the substance has not been made.

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