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Birmingham, AlabamaBirmingham, Alabama (Mayor)Anchorage, AlaskaJuneau, AlaskaTucson, ArizonaFresno, CaliforniaIrvine, CaliforniaOakland, CaliforniaOakland, California (Mayor)San Jose, CaliforniaSan Diego County, CaliforniaSanta Clara County, CaliforniaAurora, ColoradoColorado Springs, ColoradoDover, DelawareHialeah, FloridaHialeah, Florida (Mayor)Miami, FloridaMiami, Florida (Mayor)Orlando, FloridaTampa, FloridaAtlanta, GeorgiaAtlanta, Georgia (Mayor)Boise, IdahoDes Moines, IowaTopeka, KansasTopeka, Kansas (Mayor)Wichita, KansasBaton Rouge, LouisianaNew Orleans, LouisianaNew Orleans, Louisiana (Mayor)Augusta, MaineAnnapolis, MarylandAnnapolis, Maryland (Mayor)Boston, MassachusettsBoston, Massachusetts (Mayor)Detroit, MichiganDetroit, Michigan (Mayor)Lansing, MichiganLansing, Michigan (Mayor)Minneapolis, MinnesotaMinneapolis, Minnesota (Mayor)St. Paul, MinnesotaSt. Paul, Minnesota (Mayor)Ramsey County, MinnesotaJackson, MississippiJackson, Mississippi (Mayor)Jefferson City, MissouriSt. Louis, MissouriSt. Louis, Missouri (Mayor)Helena, MontanaHelena, Montana (Mayor)Lincoln, NebraskaOmaha, NebraskaOmaha, Nebraska (Mayor)Concord, New HampshireConcord, New Hampshire (Mayor)Jersey City, New JerseyJersey City, New Jersey (Mayor)Newark, New JerseyEssex County, New JerseyHudson County, New JerseyAlbuquerque, New MexicoAlbuquerque, New Mexico (Mayor)Santa Fe, New MexicoSanta Fe, New Mexico (Mayor)Bernalillo County, New MexicoAlbany, New YorkAlbany, New York (Mayor)Buffalo, New YorkBuffalo, New York (Mayor)New York, New YorkNew York, New York (Mayor)Bronx County, New YorkErie County, New YorkKings County, New YorkNew York County, New YorkQueens County, New YorkRichmond County, New YorkCharlotte, North CarolinaCharlotte, North Carolina (Mayor)Durham, North CarolinaDurham, North Carolina (Mayor)Greensboro, North CarolinaGreensboro, North Carolina (Mayor)Guilford County, North CarolinaCincinnati, OhioCincinnati, Ohio (Mayor)Cleveland, OhioCleveland, Ohio (Mayor)Columbus, OhioToledo, OhioToledo, Ohio (Mayor)Fairfield County, OhioFranklin County, OhioHamilton County, OhioLucas County, OhioOklahoma City, OklahomaOklahoma County, OklahomaOsage County, OklahomaTulsa County, OklahomaSalem, OregonMultnomah County, OregonHarrisburg, PennsylvaniaHarrisburg, Pennsylvania (Mayor)Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaPittsburgh, PennsylvaniaPittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Mayor)Allegheny County, PennsylvaniaGurabo, Puerto RicoProvidence, Rhode IslandColumbia, South CarolinaColumbia, South Carolina (Mayor)Pierre, South DakotaDallas, TexasFort Worth, TexasFort Worth, Texas (Mayor)Garland, TexasGarland, Texas (Mayor)Houston, TexasIrving, TexasPlano, TexasPlano, Texas (Mayor)San Antonio, TexasSan Antonio, Texas (Mayor)Bexar County, TexasCollin County, TexasEl Paso County, TexasHarris County, TexasTarrant County, TexasTravis County, TexasSalt Lake City, UtahMontpelier, VermontChesapeake, VirginiaNorfolk, VirginiaRichmond, VirginiaVirginia Beach, VirginiaOlympia, WashingtonSeattle, WashingtonSeattle, Washington (Mayor)Spokane, WashingtonKing County, WashingtonWashington, D.C.Madison, WisconsinMilwaukee, WisconsinDane County, WisconsinMilwaukee County, WisconsinSubmit

Click here to view results of the November 4 election.

Ballotpedia covered 38 mayoral elections in 2025.[1] This included all mayoral elections in the 100 largest U.S. cities by population and all mayoral elections in state capitals. Click here to read about other municipal elections in 2025.

Twenty-seven of the 100 largest U.S. cities held mayoral elections in 2025.

At the start of January 2025, the mayors of 65 of the country's 100 largest cities were Democrats. Republicans held 25 mayoral offices, Libertarians held one office, independents held two, and four mayors were nonpartisan. Three mayors' partisan affiliations were unknown.

Elections in three top-100 cities resulted in a change in party control in 2025, resulting in a net gain of two Democratic mayors, a net gain of one nonpartisan mayor, and a net loss of three Republican mayors.

* Omaha, Nebraska: Democrat John Ewing Jr. defeated incumbent Republican Jean Stothert on May 13.
* Garland, Texas: Nonpartisan Dylan Hedrick was elected to succeed Republican Scott LeMay in the general runoff election on June 7.
* Miami, Florida: Democrat Eileen Higgins was elected to suceed Republican Francis Suarez in the general runoff on December 9.

Ballotpedia identified 15 mayoral battlegrounds in 2025. Click here to learn more. To read about mayoral elections that Ballotpedia designated as battlegrounds in 2024, click here.

Ballotpedia tracks the partisan affiliation of the mayors of the 100 largest cities and each state capital, including mayors of cities holding nonpartisan mayoral elections. Click here to see this coverage in 2025 and click here to see our page dedicated to the November 4, 2025 election results.

To view a different election year, click one of the links below.

* United States mayoral elections, 2024
* United States mayoral elections, 2023
* United States mayoral elections, 2022
* United States mayoral elections, 2021

Explore Ballotpedia's coverage of these elections:

* Battlegrounds

Information on battleground elections

Read more

* Mayoral partisanship

Information on the partisan balance of mayors across the country

Read more

* On the ballot

A list of elections and candidates on the ballot

Read more

* List of mayors

A list of mayors of the 100 largest cities

Read more

* Historical election data

Historical data on municipal elections since 2014

Read more

## Contents

* 1 2025 mayoral battleground elections
* 2 Mayoral partisanship
* 2.1 Mayoral partisanship in state capitals
* 3 Mayoral elections across the United States
* 3.1 Alabama
* 3.2 California
* 3.3 Florida
* 3.4 Georgia
* 3.5 Kansas
* 3.6 Louisiana
* 3.7 Massachusetts
* 3.8 Maryland
* 3.9 Michigan
* 3.10 Minnesota
* 3.11 Missouri
* 3.12 Mississippi
* 3.13 Montana
* 3.14 Nebraska
* 3.15 New Hampshire
* 3.16 New Jersey
* 3.17 New Mexico
* 3.18 New York
* 3.19 North Carolina
* 3.20 Ohio
* 3.21 Pennsylvania
* 3.22 Puerto Rico
* 3.23 South Carolina
* 3.24 Texas
* 3.25 Washington
* 3.26 March 4
* 3.26.1 Primary
* 3.27 April 1
* 3.27.1 Primary
* 3.28 April 8
* 3.28.1 General election
* 3.29 April 15
* 3.29.1 General election
* 3.30 April 22
* 3.30.1 Primary runoff
* 3.31 May 3
* 3.31.1 General election
* 3.32 May 6
* 3.32.1 Primary
* 3.33 May 13
* 3.33.1 General election
* 3.34 May 20
* 3.34.1 Primary
* 3.35 June 3
* 3.35.1 General election
* 3.36 June 7
* 3.36.1 General runoff
* 3.37 June 24
* 3.37.1 Primary
* 3.38 August 5
* 3.38.1 Primary
* 3.39 August 10
* 3.39.1 General election
* 3.40 August 26
* 3.40.1 General election
* 3.41 September 9
* 3.41.1 Primary
* 3.42 September 16
* 3.42.1 Primary
* 3.43 October 7
* 3.43.1 Primary
* 3.43.2 Primary runoff
* 3.43.3 General runoff
* 3.44 October 11
* 3.44.1 Primary
* 3.45 November 4
* 3.45.1 Primary
* 3.45.2 General election
* 3.46 November 11
* 3.46.1 General election
* 3.47 November 15
* 3.47.1 General election
* 3.48 November 18
* 3.48.1 General runoff
* 3.49 December 2
* 3.49.1 General runoff
* 3.50 December 9
* 3.50.1 General runoff
* 4 List of mayors of the 100 largest cities
* 5 Historical election data
* 5.1 Mayoral elections
* 5.2 City council elections
* 5.3 County elections
* 5.4 Uncontested races
* 6 Election coverage by office
* 7 More local election analysis
* 7.1 Featured analysis
* 7.2 More related analysis
* 8 See also
* 9 Footnotes

## 2025 mayoral battleground elections[edit]

See also: Battlegrounds

Ballotpedia designates races expected to be particularly competitive or compelling as battlegrounds.

Click below to expand summaries of key races.

Expand All

Boston, Massachusetts

See also: Mayoral election in Boston, Massachusetts (2025) (September 9 nonpartisan primary)

Incumbent Michelle Wu and Josh Kraft defeated two other candidates in the nonpartisan primary election for mayor of Boston, Massachusetts, on September 9, 2025. On Friday, September 12, Kraft withdrew from the race.[2] The general election was November 4, 2025

Wu was first elected in 2021, when she defeated Annissa Essaibi George 64%-35.6%. The last incumbent mayor to lose a re-election bid was James Michael Curley in 1949. [3][4]

Wu and Kraft led in media attention and campaign fundraising.[5] Robert Cappucci and Domingos DaRosa also ran. While mayoral elections in Boston are nonpartisan, Wu, Kraft, and Cappucci all wrote that they were Democrats on their Organization Statements filed with the Massachusetts Office of Campaign and Political Finance.[6][7][8] DaRosa did not write a partisan affiliation.[9]

On September 15, 2025, DaRosa requested a recount of the primary.[10] The recount determined that DaRosa did not receive the minimum of 3,000 votes that were required to make the ballot for the general election. As a result, Wu was is the first incumbent mayor to run unopposed in a general election since Thomas Menino did so in 1997.[11]

Wu was previously a member of the Boston City Council. She also worked for former Boston Mayor Thomas Menino.[12] Wu ran on her record. Her campaign website said, "Since taking office, she has invested more in making housing affordable than any other administration in Boston’s history. In her first full year as mayor, gun violence fell to the lowest level on record—and has continued to fall every year since. She promised a summer job to every BPS student who wanted one—and delivered, and has expanded Universal Pre-K to serve more children and families than ever before."[13] U.S. Sen. Ed Markey (D), U.S. Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D), and U.S. Rep. Ayanna Pressley (D) endorsed Wu.[14] As of August 31, Wu raised $1.8 million and spent $1.1 million.[15]

Kraft was the head of Kraft Family Philanthropies, former CEO of the Boys & Girls Club in Boston, former president of the New England Patriots Foundation, and the son of New England Patriots owner Robert Kraft.[16][17] Kraft's campaign website said, "I love this city, but I have serious concerns about its future and many issues need attention. Lack of access to housing that regular people can afford, which is forcing many people to leave the city. Boston Public Schools that are failing our kids and families. Poorly planned bike and bus lanes that are changing our neighborhood streets and creating gridlock all across the city. The humanitarian crisis and public safety concerns at Mass and Cass need to be addressed."[18] The International Longshoremen’s Association endorsed Kraft.[19] As of August 31, Kraft raised $6.8 million and spent $5.5 million.[15]

On May 15, a coalition of the city's Democratic Ward Committees hosted a candidate forum. Wu, Kraft, and DaRosa all participated.[20][21] During the forum, candidates spoke about housing, public transportation, public safety, the city's fiscal health, and the mayor's role in responding to the policies of the Trump Administration. Click here to watch the forum.

While Wu and Kraft both said they opposed the Trump Administration's immigration policies, they differed on several other issues, including housing, transportation, and the renovation of Boston's White Stadium.

Wu said her administration created more than 11,000 housing units, including 5,400 affordable units, with another 4,000 affordable units in progress, and implemented new affordability requirements.[20] Kraft said he would reverse the Wu administration requirements, which he said were blocking the construction of 26,000 housing units, increase the number of Boston residents who qualify for income-restricted housing units, and create an opt-in rent control plan that would include property tax breaks for participating landlords.[22][4]

Wu said she would prioritize reducing dependence on cars. Wu highlighted her record on public transportation, including working with the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority to eliminate slow zones, as well as increasing ridership with fare-free bus lines, installing speed humps, and using technology to reduce congestion.[13] Kraft said he wouldn't prioritize reducing dependence on cars and instead would focus on fixing roads and sidewalks, as well as temporarily pause bike lane construction to conduct an audit on the efficiency of proposed bike lanes.[23]

Another topic that the candidates differed on was the renovation of Boston's White Stadium. Wu had led the city's effort to renovate the stadium, calling it an investment "into Black and Brown communities, into our students, and into the Boston Public Schools." Wu also promoted an agreement between the city and Boston Legacy FC, a new professional women's soccer team, to share use of the stadium.[24] Kraft criticized the stadium renovation as too expensive, said he would cancel the contract with the soccer team, and create a new plan for the stadium "at a fraction of the cost."[24]

The filing deadline for this election was May 20, 2025.

Detroit, Michigan

See also: Mayoral election in Detroit, Michigan (August 5 nonpartisan primary)

Solomon Kinloch and Mary Sheffield advanced in the nonpartisan primary for mayor of Detroit on August 5, 2025.

Bridge Detroit's Malachi Barrett wrote, "For the first time since he won the role 12 years ago, Mike Duggan will not be on the ballot for Detroit mayor. His term expires at the end of 2025, opening up a competitive contest to succeed him."[25] Though the position is nonpartisan, Duggan was an independent, formerly affiliated with the Democratic Party.[26] Detroit's last Republican mayor left office in 1962.[27]

James Craig was the former chief of Detroit's police department and ran for the Republican gubernatorial nomination in Michigan in 2022 and U.S. Senate in 2024.[28] He campaigned on public safety, and said that residents "want police and they want more police, but that certainly doesn't mean that we need to exhaust the budget just for public safety. There has to be a balance."[29] Craig also said he wanted a third party to audit the city's finances, and said that if elected, he would "[b]ring in a firm that will not only report out on the health, but come back with recommendations."[30]

Fred Durhal, at the time of the primary, was a member of the Detroit City Council, a former Democratic state representative, and a community liaison to the Michigan State Housing Development Authority.[31] He campaigned on his experience and said he was the only candidate in the race who had a "vast experience of being able to foster relationships and deliver here for the city of Detroit."[32] Durhal also said that he wanted to reform property taxes, and said he would "modernize [property] assessments by transitioning toward income-based assessments for commercial and residential rental properties, ensuring taxes are aligned with actual earning potential."[33]

Saunteel Jenkins was a nonprofit executive and was president of the Detroit City Council from 2013 to 2014.[34][35] She campaigned on affordability, and her website said she would "make lowering property taxes and housing affordability a top priority. We’ll work with our partners to create more affordable housing options for renters and owners."[36] Jenkins also campaigned to expand public transit, and said, "We should have a combination of traditional buses and shuttles that go shorter routes. You need transportation hubs around the city, not just Rosa Parks Transit Center, that can fulfill the needs of people throughout the city."[37] Jenkins was affiliated with the Democratic Party.[38]

Solomon Kinloch, at the time of the primary, was the pastor of the Triumph Church.[39] He campaigned on his lack of political experience, and focused on his experience as a pastor. He said, "It doesn’t matter how experienced you are if your experiences don’t change the experiences of the people in this city." He added, "When government didn’t show up and do their part, Solomon Kinloch and Triumph Church stood up."[40] Kinloch also campaigned on building new grocery stores in the city. He said, "I plan on building 10 strategically locator[sic] grocery stores and ending the food desert in Detroit forever."[41] Kinloch was affiliated with the Democratic Party.[38]

Mary Sheffield, at the time of the primary, was the president of the Detroit City Council.[42] She campaigned on developing less well-off neighborhoods, and her website said that further development had "to occur in neighborhoods, and resources must be made available to residents where they live, work, play and pray. Detroit cannot continue to be a tale of two cities."[43] Sheffield also campaigned on using community policing, and said she was "very big on community violence intervention programs, and possibly creating an office of gun violence prevention in Detroit. Creating more ways to address the underlying social issues that breed crime in our community."[44] Sheffield was affiliated with the Democratic Party.[38]

Deadline Detroit's Allan Lengel wrote, "It's always tough to say just how influential political endorsements are. That being said, they're still coveted and considered a prize worth working for." Most of the leading candidates received endorsements from organizations with local and national reach:

* Four mayors of other Michigan cities, including those from Grand Rapids and Lansing, endorsed Durhal.[45]
* The Detroit News' editorial board endorsed Jenkins, and the Michigan Chronicle's editorial board co-endorsed Jenkins and Sheffield.[46][47]
* The United Auto Workers, the Black Slate, and the 13th Congressional District Democrats endorsed Kinloch.[48][49][50]
* The Service Employees International Union Michigan and the Detroit Free Press's editorial board endorsed Sheffield. The Michigan Chronicle's editorial board co-endorsed Sheffield and Jenkins.[45][51][47]

Ballotpedia did not identify any public formal endorsements for Craig.

Jonathan Barlow, Joel Haashiim, Todd Perkins, and Danetta Simpson also ran.

Helena, Montana

See also: Mayoral election in Helena, Montana (2025)

Emily Dean defeated Andy Shirtliff in the nonpartisan general election for mayor of Helena, Montana, on November 4, 2025.

Shirtliff and Dean advanced from the nonpartisan primary on September 9, 2025. Shirtliff received 48.33% of the vote and Dean received 36.53%.[52]

This election was the first since 2001 in Helena to require a mayoral primary.[53] According to KTVH, state law "requires local governments to hold primaries if at least five candidates are running for any single position."[53]

Incumbent Wilmot Collins did not run for re-election. Although the position of mayor was officially nonpartisan, Collins was a Democrat.[53][54]

Dean was the director of engagement for the Montana School Boards Association. She was elected to the Helena City Commission in 2019 and re-elected in 2023. She served as mayor pro tem. Dean said, "As Mayor, my focus will be on modernizing our infrastructure, supporting responsible policies to increase affordable housing, and ensuring quality city services that meet the needs of all residents."[55] Collins and Helena City Commissioner Sean Logan endorsed Dean.[56]

Shirtliff was the executive director of the Montana Building Industry Association. He was appointed to the Helena City Commission in 2022. According to the Independent Record, Shirtliff said that as commissioner he "led collaborative efforts with downtown business owners, tenants and workers to find parking solutions; joined businesses and event planners in working toward a streamlined city permitting process; and worked with city officials to keep events on the Walking Mall."[57] According to KTVH, "Shirtliff says as mayor, he will focus on improving city services and communication, champion housing solutions and encourage entrepreneurship."[58]

The AARP, the Helena Area Chamber of Commerce, and the League of Women Voters of the Helena Area hosted a candidate forum on September 30, 2025. Voters asked the candidates questions about government transparency, enforcement of city project timelines, and housing and homelessness. On housing, Dean said, "Helena has seen a surge in its 65-years-and-older population. That means the Queen City needs to focus on 'aging in place.' Due to housing costs, elders can sell a three-bedroom house but still struggle to afford a downsize. Accessory Dwelling Units, or ADUs, could help elders downsize and open housing opportunities in Helena."[20] Shirtliff said, "Construction prices have shot up since 2018, so the city needs to reduce housing costs by expanding city infrastructure. Private contractors spend massive sums on sidewalks and water. Building up instead of out could be easier on utility and road costs."[20]

Helena has a council-manager system. In this form of municipal government, an elected city council, which includes the mayor and serves as the city's primary legislative body, appoints a city manager to oversee day-to-day municipal operations and implement the city council's policy and legislative initiatives.[59]

Jersey City, New Jersey

See also: Mayoral election in Jersey City, New Jersey (2025)

James Solomon defeated Jim McGreevey in the nonpartisan runoff general election for mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey on Dec 2, 2025. Incumbent Mayor Steven Fulop chose to run in the Democratic primary for governor of New Jersey rather than seek a fourth term. Click here for detailed results.

McGreevey and Solomon advanced to the runoff after neither received 51% of the vote in the general election on Nov. 4, 2025.[60] In the general election, Solomon received 29% of the vote, and McGreevey received 25% in a field of seven candidates. The last time that a Jersey City mayoral election ended in a runoff was in 2001.[61]

While Jersey City municipal elections are officially nonpartisan, both McGreevey and Solomon identified as Democrats. Fulop also identified as a Democrat, meaning Solomon's victory kept the office under Democratic control.

According to CBS News, the race "focused on a slew of issues, including housing affordability, police and public safety reform and accountability, improving schools, fixing quality of life concerns such as traffic congestion and increasing government transparency."[62]

McGreevey was, at the time of the election, the director of the New Jersey Reentry Corporation.[63] He previously served as governor of New Jersey from 2002 to 2004 and mayor of Woodbridge Township, New Jersey, from 1992 to 2002. McGreevey also served in the New Jersey Senate from 1994 to 1998 and the New Jersey General Assembly from 1990 to 1992.

Heading into the election, McGreevey said, “I’m not running to build a political career, I’m running to fix the city I love. For four years, I’ll focus on the fundamentals: cleaner streets, safer neighborhoods, better schools, stronger senior services, and a city government that actually works for working families.”[64]

Solomon was first elected to represent Ward E on the Jersey City Council in 2017. Previously, Solomon was an adjunct professor at multiple colleges in New Jersey and as an aide to the former Boston Mayor Thomas Menino.[65]

Heading into the election, Solomon said, “Jersey City needs change. It needs an affordable Jersey City and it’s not going to become affordable if we go back to the same corrupt machine playbook that has failed residents of Jersey City year after year after year.”[66]

New Jersey Gov. Phil Murphy (D), Jersey City Council President Joyce Watterman, and Hudson County Executive Craig Guy (D) endorsed McGreevey.[67][68] U.S. Sen. Andrew Kim (D), Newark Mayor Ras Baraka, and Hudson County Commissioner William O’Dea (D) endorsed Solomon.[68]

Miami, Florida

See also: Mayoral election in Miami, Florida (2025)

Eileen Higgins defeated Emilio Gonzalez in the runoff election for mayor of Miami, Florida, on Dec. 9, 2025. This was the first runoff election for mayor since 2001.[69]

The two advanced from a 13-candidate field in the nonpartisan election on Nov. 4, 2025. In that election, Higgins received 36% of the vote, and Gonzalez received 20% of the vote. Among the candidates running were former mayors Joe Carollo and Xavier Suarez, and former city commissioners Alex Díaz de la Portilla and Ken Russell. The editorial board of The Miami Herald wrote that Miami voters "rejected some of the city’s longtime political players in the race for mayor. ... it’s clear voters want change."[70] To read more about the November 4 election, click here.

Gonzalez was a member of the Florida Treasury Investment Council and a former city manager.[71] He campaigned on reducing taxes and said, "We can eliminate property taxes for homestead property owners while protecting vital services like public safety and infrastructure."[72] He also campaigned on reducing city work regulations, and said he would "build a workforce to overhaul permitting and licensing—sparking opportunity and empowering residents and entrepreneurs, not just the well-connected."[73] Gonzalez was affiliated with the Republican Party.[74]

Higgins was a commissioner for District 5 on the Miami-Dade County Board of Commissioners.[75] She campaigned on affordability, and her website said she would support "cutting through red tape and ending corruption so that our city’s government can get to work creating a prosperous and affordable future for all residents."[76] Higgins also campaigned on improving the city's resilience to environmental disasters. Her website said she would "protect Biscayne Bay, invest in flood mitigations, and secure a resilient future for our city."[76] Higgins was affiliated with the Democratic Party.[74]

Florida Politics' Jesse Scheckner wrote, "The Miami-Dade Mayor’s race is technically nonpartisan, though party politics can still play into races."[77] President Donald Trump (R) and Gov. Ron DeSantis (R) endorsed Gonzalez, and U.S. Rep. Frederica Wilson (D) and Democratic-aligned Miami-Dade County Mayor Daniella Levine Cava endorsed Higgins.[78][77][79]

Both parties focused on turning out their supporters in the runoff. Miami-Dade County GOP chair Kevin Cooper said the local party was focused on mobilizing voters. Specifically, he pointed to Gonzalez's endorsements and said, "I think you’re going to see people of statewide and even national importance getting out the vote for Emilio." [80] The Democratic National Committee used its national volunteer base to support Higgins with get-out-the-vote efforts, and Chair Ken Martin said, "Between now and Election Day, the DNC is all-in to elect Eileen Higgins."[81]

In 2024, Donald Trump (R) became the first Republican presidential candidate to win Miami-Dade County in 36 years. However, Kamala Harris (D) won the city of Miami 50% to 49%.[82] A Democrat was last elected mayor in 1993.[69] To read more about Ballotpedia's mayoral coverage, click here.

On the same ballot as the election, Miami voters approved a lifetime term limit of two terms for the mayor.[70]

Minneapolis, Minnesota

See also: Mayoral election in Minneapolis, Minnesota (2025)

Incumbent Jacob Frey (D) defeated Omar Fateh (D) and 13 other candidates in the nonpartisan general election for mayor of Minneapolis, Minnesota, on November 4, 2025.

Elections in Minneapolis were officially nonpartisan, but the Minneapolis City Charter allowed mayoral and city council candidates to choose a party label to appear below their name on the official ballot.[83]

Frey was first elected in 2017, defeating incumbent Betsy Hodges (D) in the fifth round of ranked-choice voting. Frey, a member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL), said he was a pragmatic progressive.[84] He said, "I’m running because with everything going on in the world, experience matters. ... I have stood up for what’s best for our city even when it was not politically expedient to do so. It’s time for us to love our city more than our ideology. Together, we can make Minneapolis a national model for progressive governance that is laser-focused not on politics, but on delivering for residents."[85]

Fateh was also a DFL member, and said he was a democratic socialist. He was elected to the Minnesota Senate, representing District 62, in 2020. Fateh said, "We deserve leadership that makes it so people want to continue to live here, raise families here, and start businesses here. ... We need a Mayor who understands that a city that lifts up working people is a city that lifts up everyone. Because when the city invests in us, we have more time to invest in the people we love."[86]

While the city's mayor had been a DFL member since 1978, the election highlighted divisions within the larger party, primarily between Fateh's democratic socialists and democrats who support Frey.[87] For example, the Minneapolis DFL endorsed Fateh at a convention on July 19, 2025, but the Minnesota DFL revoked the endorsement on August 21, 2025, after Frey's supporters alleged issues with the electronic voting system. To learn more click here.[84]

Party divisions predated Fateh's revoked endorsement. Following the killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis on May 25, 2020, the Democratic city council disagreed with Frey on police reform, specifically on defunding the police.[88][89] According to the MinnPost, "A coalition of Minneapolis candidates fueled by left-wing energy and skepticism of the status quo at City Hall secured a majority on the City Council [during the 2023] municipal elections, winning seven of 13 seats."[90] As of September 9, 2025, five of the seven progressive councilmembers endorsed Fateh, as well as one councilmember, Jamal Osman (D), who was not aligned with either the seven progressive councilmembers or councilmembers who typically supported Frey. Three councilmembers who typically supported Frey endorsed him.[91][92]

Also running in the general were Andrea Revel, Troy Peterson, Kevin Ward, Xavier Pauke, Adam Terzich, Kevin A. Dwire, Charlie McCloud, Alejandro Richardson, Laverne Turner, Jeffrey Wagner, DeWayne Davis, Jazz Hampton, and Brenda Short.

Minneapolis used ranked-choice voting to elect city officials. Voters could rank up to three mayoral candidates on their ballots. Click here to learn more about how ranked-choice voting worked in this election.

Minneapolis has a strong mayor-council system. The city council serves as the city's primary legislative body and the mayor is considered the city's chief executive.[93][94]

New Orleans, Louisiana

See also: Mayoral election in New Orleans, Louisiana (2025)

Helena Moreno (D) defeated 10 other candidates in the nonpartisan primary for mayor of New Orleans on Oct. 11, 2025. Moreno, Royce Duplessis (D), and Oliver Thomas (D) led in media attention. Incumbent Mayor LaToya Cantrell (D), who was first elected in 2017, was term-limited.

Louisiana elections use the majority-vote system. All candidates compete in the same primary, and a candidate must win more than 50% of the vote to win the election outright. If no candidate received a majority of votes, the top two vote recipients from the primary would have advanced to the general election, regardless of their partisan affiliation. The general election would have taken place on Nov. 15, 2025, but was canceled.

Heading into the election, NOLA.com’s Sophie Kasakove and James Finn wrote that since New Orleans is a predominantly Democratic city in a state with a Republican trifecta, the three leading candidates "are trying to convince voters they’re best positioned to defend the city's autonomy and traditions, while still working to show they can reach across the aisle to advance the city’s agenda in one of the country’s most conservative states and at a time when federal threats to autonomy and funding loom."[95]

Duplessis was first elected to represent District 5 in the Louisiana Senate in a 2022 special election. He previously represented District 93 in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 2018 to 2022.

Heading into the election, Duplessis said, "I have a bold vision for where New Orleans needs to go and what it will take to get us there. [...] As a parent, I want my seven-year-old daughter to inherit a city that is safe, prosperous, and equitable. For too long, we have settled for a community that survives from crisis to crisis. Our children deserve a city that thrives."[96]

Moreno was first elected to represent an at-large seat on the New Orleans City Council in 2017. She served as the Council’s president from 2019 to 2023, and then she became its vice president. Moreno previously represented District 93 in the state House from 2010 to 2018.

Heading into the election, Moreno said, "Too many people are leaving New Orleans because our city doesn't work for them. But I'm ready to bring them home and keep you here. Enough of the same old ways. We do not have to settle for this. It's time for change. I have the experience and vision to make sure we have a city that works for everyone."[97]

Thomas was first elected to represent District E on the New Orleans City Council in 2021. He previously represented District B on the Council from 1994 to 2002 and an at-large seat from 2002 to 2007. Thomas resigned from the Council in 2007 and served 37 months in prison after pleading guilty to a federal bribery charge.[98][99]

Heading into the election, Thomas said, "As a father, former businessman, and lifelong community advocate, I bring a unique combination of lived experience and leadership. I understand how city government should work because I’ve seen it. I know what it means to serve the people, not just in title, but in action, and I’m ready to lead a New Orleans that works for everyone, with no one left behind."[100]

Frank Janusa (R), Joseph Bikulege (Unaffiliated), Manny Chevrolet Bruno (Unaffiliated), Russell Butler (Unaffiliated), Eileen Carter (Unaffiliated), Renada Collins (Unaffiliated), Frank Scurlock (Unaffiliated), and Richard Twiggs Jr. (Unaffiliated) also ran in the election.

New York, New York (Democratic primary)

See also: Mayoral election in New York, New York, 2025 (June 24 Democratic primary)

Zohran Mamdani (D) defeated ten other candidates in the Democratic primary for Mayor of New York City on June 24, 2025. Mamdani received 56% of the vote in round 3 of ranked-choice voting to Andrew Cuomo's (D) 44%.[101]

On The Ballot Episode 198: NYC Mayoral Primary 2025: Cuomo, Mamdani, RCV, and the Democrats’ Next Chapter

Incumbent Mayor Eric Adams (D) was first elected in 2021. He initially ran in the primaries for re-election, but he withdrew on April 3 to run as an independent.[102] On September 28, 2025, Adams announced that he was withdrawing from the general election.[103]

The section below lists noteworthy candidates. To read more about how Ballotpedia defines noteworthy candidates, click here.

* Adrienne Adams was the speaker of the City Council. She ran on her record as speaker and supported a guaranteed income program for homeless families.[104][105]
* Andrew Cuomo was governor of New York from 2011 until 2021. He campaigned on making the city more affordable and on fighting antisemitism.[106][107]
* Brad Lander was the city comptroller. He campaigned on ending homelessness and reducing retail theft.[108][109]
* Zohran Mamdani was a state assemblymember for District 36. He campaigned for a rent freeze on housing and for making city buses free.[110][111]
* Zellnor Myrie was a state senator for District 20. He campaigned to address the cost of housing and to implement his plan to hire up to 3,000 new police officers.[112][113]
* Jessica Ramos was a state senator for District 13. She campaigned to create an affordable citywide childcare program and to declare homelessness a public health emergency.[114][115] On June 6, Ramos announced her endorsement of Andrew Cuomo, but said she was still a candidate for mayor.[116]
* Scott Stringer was the city's comptroller from 2014 to 2022 and an unsuccessful candidate for mayor in 2021. He campaigned against government corruption and for making childcare more affordable.[117][118]

For more information on the candidates and their platforms, click here.

The New York Times's Nicholas Fandos and Lisa Lerer wrote before the election, "The clash consuming New York City is one that has become almost routine in Democratic politics. On one side stands a moderate pragmatist who first took public office three decades ago. On the other is a democratic socialist half his age who has leaped past more seasoned rivals and captured the imagination of the left."[119]

Candidate endorsements became a factor, and City & State NY's Sahalie Donaldson, Annie McDonough, and Holly Pretsky wrote that as the race progressed, "Alliances [began] to solidify."[120] Former mayor Michael Bloomberg (D) endorsed Cuomo, and Columbia University professor Ester Fuchs said, "Bloomberg is the most critical and important endorsement for Cuomo in the primary. It’s a seal of approval for moderate voters who care about effectively governing the city."[121] Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D) endorsed Mamdani, and City University of New York professor John Mollenkopf said the endorsement could "make some difference. And in this tight race, some difference is valuable."[122]

This was the third election in the city that used ranked-choice voting. The system allowed voters to rank up to five candidates, and if their first candidate was eliminated, their vote would be transferred to a different candidate. Voters could have picked only one candidate or ranked fewer than five. This system applied only to the primary election.[123]

The New Republic's Grace Seger wrote before the election, "In these final weeks, the mayoral hopefuls are working to tailor their campaigns to train voters on what they need to do when they enter their voting booths."[124] On June 13, Brad Lander and Zohran Mamdani endorsed each other.[125] On June 16, Mamdani and Michael Blake (D) endorsed each other's campaigns.[126] New York Daily News' Chris Sommerfeldt wrote that candidates endorsing each other had become increasingly common and said "a candidate who trails after the first round of vote tabulations could eventually prevail if they are ranked on ballots featuring other candidates as the number one choice."[127]

Selma Bartholomew (D), Michael Blake (D), Paperboy Prince (D), and Whitney Tilson (D) also ran.

Oakland, California

See also: Mayoral election in Oakland, California (2025)

Barbara Lee defeated Loren Taylor and seven other candidates in the April 15 nonpartisan, special general election for mayor of Oakland.[128]

Incumbent Kevin Jenkins did not run for re-election. The Oakland City Council selected Jenkins to serve as interim mayor after voters recalled former Mayor Sheng Thao 60.6%-39.4% on November 5, 2024.[129] Click here to learn more about the recall. This was the first time in the city's history that a mayor was successfully recalled.[130]

Lee, Taylor, and Renia Webb led in media attention and endorsements.[131]

Lee served in the U.S. House from 1998 to 2025 and placed fourth out of seven candidates in the 2024 U.S. Senate primary. Lee highlighted her record in Congress and as a state legislator, saying she "focused on local issues in terms of bringing home billions of dollars to make sure that my community benefits from my work on the national and state level." Lee also said she would focus on unifying the city around an agenda that prioritized public safety, housing, government accountability, and economic development and jobs.[132]

Taylor was a member of the Oakland City Council from 2019 to 2023 and ran for mayor in 2022. In that race, Thao defeated Taylor 50.3%-49.7% after nine rounds of ranked-choice voting. Taylor ran on his record as a former city council member and his experience working as an engineer and consultant. He said, "We need new energy, fresh perspective, and a deliberate focus on making hard but necessary choices to get us through this current period. ... My vision for Oakland is that we are the safe, clean city that we know we can be, that we are full of opportunities, and we are founded on a solid foundation of fiscal solvency."[132]

Webb was an elementary school teacher and worked as Thao's chief of staff when Thao was on Oakland's City Council.[131] Webb also worked as a communications manager at Urban Lynx Consulting and a construction community liaison for the Oakland Unified School District.[133] Webb's campaign website said, "My mission is to bridge the gaps, amplify underrepresented voices, and create a city where everyone can thrive."[134] Webb also highlighted public safety, saying she saw how the issue affected her students: "When I hear stories of them telling me that their car got stolen the night before and their teddy bear was in it, and they couldn't sleep last night. You see the impacts that crime has on our city."[132]

Lee, Taylor, and Webb all participated in a forum on February 18, 2025.[131] At the forum, the candidates discussed public safety, homelessness, economic conditions, and government accountability.[132] Click here to watch the forum. The League of Women Voters of Oakland also held a forum on March 15, 2025, including all nine candidates. During the forum, the candidates spoke about the city's budget, public safety, homelessness, and the city's form of government. Click here to learn more.

Before the election, Lee and Taylor led in campaign spending, with Lee spending more than $371,000 and Taylor spending more than $394,000.[135] In the 2022 election, Thao and Taylor — the top two vote-getters — spent more than $450,000 and $593,000 respectively.[136]

President Cristina Grappo, Peter Liu, Mindy Pechenuk, Suz Robinson, Eric Simpson, and Elizabeth Swaney also ran.

Liu and Robinson completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Click here to read the responses.

This election happened at the same time as Measure A, a local ballot measure which asked voters to decide whether the city should enact a 0.5% sales and use tax for 10 years to provide general government funding. According to CBS News, "City leaders estimate the tax hike would generate approximately $30 million annually for Oakland's general fund, helping to close a projected $140 million budget deficit for the next fiscal year."[137] Click here to learn more about the local ballot measure.

Oakland used ranked-choice voting (RCV) for this election, which asked voters to rank candidates by preference on their ballots. Click here to learn more about that process. The filing deadline for this election was January 17, 2025.

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

See also: Mayoral election in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 2025 (May 20 Democratic primary)

Corey O'Connor (D) defeated incumbent Edward Gainey (D) in the Democratic primary for mayor of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on May 20, 2025.[138] A Democrat had held the mayor's office since 1934.

Before the election, PennLive's J.D. Prose wrote, "With Pittsburgh remaining a solidly blue enclave in purple Allegheny County, the party’s primary race winner will be considered the de facto next mayor although there are two GOP mayoral candidates."[139]

Gainey was first elected in 2021. He focused on his record in office and his campaign website said, "Homicides are down, the state of our infrastructure has improved, affordable housing options are growing, and basic services are faster — I’m proud of my record as Mayor, and excited about what we can still achieve, together."[140] Gainey also campaigned to make housing more affordable, saying, "I want to build a city where everybody has an opportunity to live. To me, housing is a right. Housing is a right that everybody should have."[141] U.S. Rep. Summer Lee (D-Pa.) and the United Steelworkers endorsed Gainey.[142][143]

O'Connor was the controller of Allegheny County. He campaigned to build more housing and develop businesses and said, "We must create new affordable and workforce housing opportunities, and eliminate obstacles to housing construction. We must provide space for new businesses and entrepreneurs to choose Pittsburgh."[144] He also campaigned on public safety and said he wanted to fund centers to "provide crisis support, homelessness resources, and emergency aid, giving first responders more tools to help residents quickly and effectively."[145] The Allegheny County Democratic Committee and Pennsylvania's Laborers' Council endorsed O'Connor.[146] The Democratic Committee previously endorsed Gainey over incumbent Bill Peduto (D) in 2021.[147]

WESA's Chris Potter discussed the national implications of the race and wrote, "What happens outside of Pittsburgh no longer stays outside of Pittsburgh."[148] Gainey criticized O'Connor for receiving $130,000 in donations from donors who previously supported Republican candidates.[149] Gainey said, "There's one place I didn't expect to have to fend the MAGA assault, and that was the mayoral primary race." He added, "Trump's MAGA megadonors, his consultants and corporate interests, are trying to buy the mayor's office."[150] O'Connor said he received donations from "people who want to donate because they see how much Pittsburgh is struggling." He also criticized Gainey for supporting Pittsburgh’s bid to host the Republican National Convention in Pittsburgh, saying, "So, I ask, who's progressive? Somebody who wants to stop Donald Trump or somebody who was willing to welcome Donald Trump and the Trump Republicans to Pittsburgh for their national convention?"[151]

Pittsburgh was one of the 47 top 100 U.S. cities to use a strong mayor system of governance, meaning the mayor drafts budgets, sets policies, and can veto bills by the city council. To read more about the power mayors have in the top 100 cities in the country, click here.

San Antonio, Texas

See also: Mayoral election in San Antonio, Texas (2025)

Gina Ortiz Jones defeated Rolando Pablos 54.3% to 45.7% in the June 7, 2025, runoff election for mayor of San Antonio, Texas.

Ortiz Jones and Pablos advanced to the runoff from the nonpartisan general election on May 3. Ortiz Jones received 27.2% of the vote and Pablos received 16.6%. The two advanced to a runoff because neither received at least 50% of the vote.

Incumbent Ron Nirenberg, elected in June 2017, was term-limited. Though the office was nonpartisan, Nirenberg joined the Democratic Party in 2024 and was previously an independent.[152] This was the city's first mayoral election in 16 years without an incumbent on the ballot.[153]

The San Antonio Report's Andrea Drusch wrote, "The race to become San Antonio’s next mayor is headed toward a partisan showdown between one candidate loved by national Democratic Party leaders [Ortiz Jones] and another [Pablos] who has close ties to the Republicans who control every lever of power in Texas state government. ... Texas’ big city mayors have steadily become less progressive as traditional liberal incumbents termed out, and all eyes will be on San Antonio as Jones and Pablos face off in what is supposed to be a nonpartisan race."[154] The runoff election did not feature any city council candidates. Drusch wrote, "Historically, San Antonio has shown preference for candidates with council experience. The city has elected just one mayor without it in 70 years — Phil Hardberger — making the dominance of City Hall outsiders in this race highly unusual."[154]

Notable endorsements for Ortiz Jones included: former mayors Phil Hardberger and Julian Castro; congressmen Greg Casar (D) and Joaquin Castro (D); councilmembers Jalen McKee-Rodriguez, Phyllis Viagran, and Teri Castillo; and the American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations. The San Antonio Police Officers’ Association, former U.S. Rep. Will Hurd (R), and Gov. Greg Abbott (R)-affiliated PAC, The Texas Economic Fund, endorsed Pablos.[155][156]

Ortiz Jones served as undersecretary of the Air Force (2021-2024) in the Biden administration. She said she would focus on working families and young people, and would "work to bring down costs where we can, make smart investments in our future, and respect taxpayers by increasing transparency around how tax dollars are spent."[157] Pablos served as Texas secretary of state from 2017 to 2018. He said his priorities were public safety, better-paying jobs, small businesses, government accountability, and basic city services such as affordable utilities, walkable neighborhoods, and enhanced drainage systems and garbage collection.[158]

Heading into the May 3 election, the San Antonio Report's Leigh Munsil said the new mayor and city council would need to navigate "multiple city-shaping economic development efforts like a downtown stadium for the Missions baseball team and a possible relocation of the Spurs to Hemisfair ... [as well as] challenges of housing affordability, public safety and infrastructure, to name a few."[159]

San Antonio, which was the seventh most populous city in the country as of May 2025, has a council-manager system, meaning the mayor represents one of 11 votes on the city council. The mayor and city council appoint a chief executive called a city manager to oversee day-to-day municipal operations and implement the council's policy and legislative initiatives.[152][160][161]

This page covers the June 7, 2025, runoff. Click here for more on the general election.

Seattle, Washington

See also: Mayoral election in Seattle, Washington (2025)

Katie Wilson defeated incumbent Bruce Harrell in the November 4 general election for mayor of Seattle.

Although Seattle’s mayoral elections are officially nonpartisan, both candidates were Democrats. This race was one of several 2025 mayoral contests that media outlets and political observers said highlighted splits in the larger Democratic Party, in this case between self-described Democratic socialist Wilson and the more centrist or moderate Harrell.[162]

Wilson, a community activist and executive director of Seattle’s Transit Riders Union, described herself as both a Democratic socialist and a progressive Democrat.[163] Wilson's campaign website said, “The incumbent mayor has been a fixture in city hall since 2008. More people are sleeping unsheltered on our streets than ever before. Working families are struggling to stay afloat. We can do so much better. And as we face unprecedented national threats, we must do better.”[164][165] Several local Democratic organizations, including the King County Democrats, and Seattle’s 34th, 36th, 37th, and 43rd District Democrats endorsed Wilson. The Transit Riders Union, PROTEC17, and the United Food and Commercial Workers Local 3000 also endorsed Wilson.[166] [167]

Harrell was first elected in 2021, when he defeated M. Lorena González 58.6%-41.2%. Before he was elected mayor, Harrell was a lawyer and a member of the Seattle City Council from 2008 to 2020. According to the Seattle Times, Harrell was the city's longest-serving politician.[168]Media outlets described Harrell as a moderate or centrist Democrat.[169] In interviews, Harrell said he had a record of sponsoring progressive legislation on the city council.[170] Harrell ran on his record. His campaign website said, “We’ve delivered public safety solutions, kept parks and sidewalks open and accessible while moving people into shelter and housing with services, made historic investments in affordable housing, prioritized a transportation system focused on safety, and passed nation-leading climate legislation. But there is more work to do – this is the time for proven leadership.”[171] Former U.S. Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg (D), Washington Gov. Bob Ferguson (D), Attorney General Nick Brown (D), and U.S. Sen. Maria Cantwell (D) endorsed Harrell. [172]

Wilson's win made Harrell the city’s fourth consecutive mayor to serve a single term. The last incumbent to win re-election was Greg Nickels in 2005.[173]

Ballotpedia reports: Harrell vs. Wilson, Seattle mayoral election, 2025

On September 11, 2025, City Inside/Out hosted a debate between Wilson and Harrell. During the debate, the candidates discussed housing, public safety, the city budget, and the mayor's role in responding to the Trump Administration's policies.[174]

One issue the candidates differed on was funding for the city's new social housing developer, a public development authority created to develop, own, and maintain social housing in Seattle. On Feb. 11, Seattle voters approved Proposition 1A, a citizen initiative that established a new tax on payroll expenses to fund the social housing developer.[173][174]

During the debate, Wilson said, "Seattle voters have twice told us now overwhelmingly that they want the city to build permanently-affordable, publicly-owned, mixed-income housing. ...We need city leadership that's going to fight to make it work. And Harrell … has done nothing but try to undermine that project."[174]

Harrell said, "We have supported social housing corporation from the beginning. The only issue was how can it be funded. ... We wanted it to be funded in the existing payroll expense tax because we need those businesses to stay in Seattle."[174]

Another topic the candidates differed on was the proposed use of CCTV surveillance technology in the city, which Harrell supported and Wilson opposed.[174]

Wilson said, “The necessity of fighting Trump and protecting our immigrant and refugee communities and other vulnerable communities is exactly why I have grave concerns about the CCTV surveillance legislation, which our mayor supports and has transmitted to council. Because that proposal is to greatly increase the cameras around our city at a very sensitive time.”[174]

Harrell said, “People of color and people from immigrants and refugees communities … are asking me for tools to become safe. We will address all of the concerns about federal overreach… I will never allow my community to be over-surveilled by government technology. The safeguards are in place… and I will issue another executive order to assure those people that have concerns that their issues are addressed.”[174]

Seattle also held elections for city attorney and city council on November 4, 2025.

The filing deadline for this election was May 9, 2025.

St. Louis, Missouri

See also: Mayoral election in St. Louis, Missouri (2025)

Cara Spencer defeated incumbent Tishaura Jones in the general election for mayor of St. Louis on April 8, 2025.[175] This contest was a rematch of the 2021 election, in which Jones defeated Spencer 52% to 48%. Both candidates were affiliated with the Democratic Party.[176]

In the four-person primary, which utilized approval voting, Spencer received 68% of the vote, and Jones received 33%. St. Louis Post-Dispatch's Austin Huguelt and Joe Holleman wrote that Spencer's performance was a "reversal from four years ago, when Jones beat Spencer by [four] percentage points."[177] St. Louis Public Radio's Rachel Lippmann, Jason Rosenbaum, Will Bauer, and Lacretia Wimbley wrote, "While the outcome of the primary was the same as in 2021, the underlying numbers look quite different."[178]

Jones was first elected in 2021. She campaigned on her record and said, "We’ll be able to show people exactly where we have improved some of the things that they are most concerned about, and also let them know how we’re going to improve things in our second term."[179] Jones said that she used pandemic funds to improve the city: "Homicides were at an all-time high and services weren’t being delivered. Fast forward to now and we’ve received pandemic relief funds and the first thing we did was to ask the community ‘what would you like to see’ with those funds. And we’ve invested in people, infrastructure and upgraded the government experience."[180]

Spencer was a member of the St. Louis Board of Aldermen, representing Ward 8. Spencer campaigned on reducing government corruption and said, "Governments are failing our communities, and the city of St. Louis is failing our communities. And if I’m elected mayor, what I’ll do to rebuild trust is root out corruption in every single city department…zero tolerance for corruption."[180] She also campaigned on public safety. Her website said, "Public safety is Cara’s top priority... A safer St. Louis starts with action and Cara’s committed to ensuring every resident’s right to live in safety."[181]

On March 8, the Democratic Party of St. Louis endorsed Spencer. The party's Central Committee Chair Sean Fauss (D) said the endorsement showed Spencer "was able to win from where I'm at in the south ward all the way into the farthest north ward, and the votes of committee people in between."[182]

Eighteen percent of eligible voters turned out for the primary.[183] Jones said her numbers in the general election would improve with increased turnout and that her strategy was to "make sure that people are aware that there is another election... and increas[e] turnout all over the city."[184] Board of Aldermen president Megan Ellyia Green noted the possible effect that the supporters of the third and fourth-place primary finishers, Michael Butler and Andrew Jones Jr., could have on this race. She pointed to the potential influence of Butler's supporters for Jones and said she thought "a lot of the Butler vote will consolidate to the mayor."[185]

## Mayoral partisanship[edit]

See also: Partisanship in United States municipal elections (2025)

Twenty-seven of the 100 largest cities held mayoral elections in 2025. Once mayors elected in 2025 assumed office, 67 top-100 mayors were affiliated with the Democratic Party, 22 were Republicans, one was a Libertarian, three were independents, and five were nonpartisan. Two mayors' partisan affiliations were unknown.

The following top 100 cities saw a change in mayoral partisan affiliation in 2025.

* Omaha, Nebraska: Democrat John Ewing Jr. was elected to succeed Republican Jean Stothert on May 13. Ewing Jr. assumed office on June 9.[186]

* Garland, Texas: Nonpartisan Dylan Hedrick was elected to succeed Republican Scott LeMay in the general runoff election on June 7. Hedrick assumed office on June 17.[187]

* Miami, Florida: Democrat Eileen Higgins was elected to suceed Republican Francis Suarez in the general runoff on December 9.[188] Higgins assumed office on December 18, 2025.

### Mayoral partisanship in state capitals[edit]

Thirteen state capitals held mayoral elections in 2025, including 10 capitals that fell outside of the top 100 cities.

Two state capitals saw a change in mayoral partisan affiliation in 2025:

* Topeka, Kansas: Spencer Duncan, an independent, was elected to succeed Mike Padilla (D).
* Helena, Montana: Emily Dean, whose partisan affiliation is unknown, was elected to succeed William Collins (D).

After mayors elected in 2025 assumed office, there were 33 Democratic state capital mayors, seven Republican mayors, two independent mayor, two nonpartisan mayors, and six mayors with unknown partisan affiliations.

## Mayoral elections across the United States[edit]

Click the tabs below to view information about the elections this year. In this section, you will find:

* A list of elections by state
* A list of elections by date
* Ballotpedia's Sample Ballot Lookup Tool

By state

By date

What's on your ballot?

### Alabama

* Birmingham, Alabama

### California

* Oakland, California

### Florida

* Hialeah, Florida
* Miami, Florida

### Georgia

* Atlanta, Georgia

### Kansas

* Topeka, Kansas

### Louisiana

* New Orleans, Louisiana

### Massachusetts

* Boston, Massachusetts

### Maryland

* Annapolis, Maryland

### Michigan

* Detroit, Michigan
* Lansing, Michigan

### Minnesota

* Minneapolis, Minnesota
* St. Paul, Minnesota

### Missouri

* St. Louis, Missouri

### Mississippi

* Jackson, Mississippi

### Montana

* Helena, Montana

### Nebraska

* Omaha, Nebraska

### New Hampshire

* Concord, New Hampshire

### New Jersey

* Jersey City, New Jersey

### New Mexico

* Albuquerque, New Mexico
* Santa Fe, New Mexico

### New York

* Albany, New York
* Buffalo, New York
* New York, New York

### North Carolina

* Charlotte, North Carolina
* Durham, North Carolina
* Greensboro, North Carolina

### Ohio

* Cincinnati, Ohio
* Cleveland, Ohio
* Toledo, Ohio

### Pennsylvania

* Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
* Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

### Puerto Rico

* Gurabo, Puerto Rico

### South Carolina

* Columbia, South Carolina

### Texas

* Fort Worth, Texas
* Garland, Texas
* Plano, Texas
* San Antonio, Texas

### Washington

* Seattle, Washington

### March 4

#### Primary

* St. Louis, Missouri

### April 1

#### Primary

* Jackson, Mississippi
* Omaha, Nebraska

### April 8

#### General election

* St. Louis, Missouri

### April 15

#### General election

* Oakland, California

### April 22

#### Primary runoff

* Jackson, Mississippi

### May 3

#### General election

* Fort Worth, Texas
* Garland, Texas
* Plano, Texas
* San Antonio, Texas

### May 6

#### Primary

* Cincinnati, Ohio
* Toledo, Ohio

### May 13

#### General election

* Omaha, Nebraska

### May 20

#### Primary

* Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
* Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

### June 3

#### General election

* Jackson, Mississippi

### June 7

#### General runoff

* San Antonio, Texas

### June 24

#### Primary

* Albany, New York
* Buffalo, New York
* New York, New York

### August 5

#### Primary

* Topeka, Kansas
* Detroit, Michigan
* Lansing, Michigan
* Seattle, Washington

### August 10

#### General election

* Gurabo, Puerto Rico

### August 26

#### General election

* Birmingham, Alabama

### September 9

#### Primary

* Boston, Massachusetts
* Helena, Montana
* Charlotte, North Carolina
* Cleveland, Ohio

### September 16

#### Primary

* Annapolis, Maryland

### October 7

#### Primary

* Durham, North Carolina
* Greensboro, North Carolina

#### Primary runoff

* Charlotte, North Carolina

#### General runoff

* Birmingham, Alabama

### October 11

#### Primary

* New Orleans, Louisiana

### November 4

#### Primary

* Hialeah, Florida

#### General election

* Miami, Florida
* Atlanta, Georgia
* Topeka, Kansas
* Annapolis, Maryland
* Boston, Massachusetts
* Detroit, Michigan
* Lansing, Michigan
* Minneapolis, Minnesota
* St. Paul, Minnesota
* Helena, Montana
* Concord, New Hampshire
* Jersey City, New Jersey
* Albuquerque, New Mexico
* Santa Fe, New Mexico
* Albany, New York
* Buffalo, New York
* New York, New York
* Charlotte, North Carolina
* Durham, North Carolina
* Greensboro, North Carolina
* Cincinnati, Ohio
* Cleveland, Ohio
* Toledo, Ohio
* Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
* Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
* Columbia, South Carolina
* Seattle, Washington

### November 11

#### General election

* Hialeah, Florida

### November 15

#### General election

* New Orleans, Louisiana

### November 18

#### General runoff

* Miami, Florida

### December 2

#### General runoff

* Atlanta, Georgia
* Jersey City, New Jersey

### December 9

#### General runoff

* Albuquerque, New Mexico

## List of mayors of the 100 largest cities[edit]

See also: List of current mayors of the top 100 cities in the United States

To view a list of the current mayors of the top 100 U.S. cities by population, click here.

## Historical election data[edit]

Cities in Ballotpedia's coverage scope held an average of 33.4 mayoral elections and 59.2 city council elections each year between 2015 and 2024. From 2014 to 2016, our coverage scope included the 100 largest U.S. cities by population. In 2017, Ballotpedia began covering the counties that overlap those cities, as well. In 2021, our coverage scope expanded to include the mayors, city councils, and district attorneys in the 32 state capitals that fell outside the 100 largest U.S. cities.

This section includes statistics for mayoral elections, city council elections, and county elections between 2014 and 2024, comparing uncontested races, incumbents who sought re-election, and incumbents who were defeated in their re-election bids.

The following table details the total number of elections at the city and county level covered by Ballotpedia between 2014 and 2014, including the number of cities to hold mayoral and city council elections in a given year:

Total municipal elections covered by Ballotpedia from 2014 to 2024

Year  | Cities  | Mayor  | City council  | Counties
2024  |  85  |  41  |  72  |  80
2023  |  77  |  40  |  69  |  29
2022  |  86  |  34  |  75  |  81
2021  |  70  |  40  |  59  |  22
2020  |  59  |  29  |  52  |  80
2019  |  64  |  30  |  63  |  29
2018  |  58  |  26  |  49  |  78
2017  |  59  |  36  |  50  |  23
2016  |  46  |  25  |  45  |  12
2015  |  59  |  33  |  58  |  N/A
2014  |  43  |  24  |  42  |  N/A

### Mayoral elections[edit]

Between 2015 and 2024, 67.4% of incumbent mayors sought re-election; of these, 16.9% were defeated in their bids for re-election. The first chart below shows the number of incumbents who sought election each year compared to the number of seats up for election. The second chart shows the number of incumbents who were defeated compared to the number of incumbents who ran for re-election.

|

The table below is organized by year and includes the total number of mayoral races and the number and percentage of uncontested races, incumbents who sought re-election, and incumbents who were defeated in their re-election bids.

Mayoral election incumbency statistics from 2014 to 2024

Year  | Total seats  | Uncontested  | Incumbents who
sought re-election  | Incumbents defeated
#  | %  | #  | %  | #  | %
2024  |  41  |  2  |  4.9%  |  28  |  68.3%  |  5  |  17.9%
2023  |  40  |  5  |  12.5%  |  26  |  65.0%  |  4  |  15.4%
2022  |  34  |  0  |  0.0%  |  22  |  64.7%  |  3  |  13.6%
2021  |  40  |  1  |  2.5%  |  24  |  60.0%  |  3  |  12.5%
2020  |  29  |  1  |  3.4%  |  22  |  75.9%  |  5  |  22.7%
2019  |  30  |  2  |  6.7%  |  21  |  70.0%  |  4  |  19.0%
2018  |  26  |  1  |  3.8%  |  18  |  69.2%  |  1  |  5.6%
2017  |  36  |  0  |  0.0%  |  24  |  66.7%  |  5  |  20.8%
2016  |  25  |  4  |  16.0%  |  15  |  60.0%  |  4  |  26.7%
2015  |  33  |  3  |  9.1%  |  25  |  75.8%  |  4  |  16.0%
2014  |  24  |  2  |  8.3%  |  14  |  58.3%  |  2  |  14.3%

### City council elections[edit]

Between 2015 and 2024, 68.6% of city council incumbents sought re-election; of these, 13.2% were defeated in their bids for re-election. The first chart below shows the number of incumbents who sought election each year compared to the number of seats up for election. The second chart shows the number of incumbents who were defeated compared to the number of incumbents who ran for re-election.

|

The table below is organized by year and includes the total number of city council races and the number and percentage of uncontested races, incumbents who sought re-election, and incumbents who were defeated in their re-election bids.

City council election incumbency statistics from 2014 to 2024

Year  | Total seats  | Uncontested  | Incumbents who
sought re-election  | Incumbents defeated
#  | %  | #  | %  | #  | %
2024  |  328  |  65  |  19.8%  |  214  |  65.2%  |  33  |  15.4%
2023  |  610  |  126  |  20.7%  |  442  |  72.5%  |  41  |  9.3%
2022  |  346  |  58  |  16.8%  |  215  |  62.1%  |  37  |  17.2%
2021  |  416  |  63  |  15.1%  |  276  |  66.3%  |  47  |  17.0%
2020  |  253  |  47  |  18.6%  |  175  |  69.2%  |  26  |  14.9%
2019  |  457  |  59  |  12.9%  |  312  |  68.3%  |  39  |  12.5%
2018  |  200  |  29  |  14.5%  |  137  |  68.5%  |  19  |  13.9%
2017  |  367  |  47  |  12.8%  |  274  |  74.7%  |  37  |  13.5%
2016  |  216  |  48  |  22.2%  |  156  |  72.2%  |  22  |  14.1%
2015  |  467  |  97  |  20.8%  |  309  |  66.2%  |  30  |  9.7%
2014  |  198  |  31  |  15.7%  |  130  |  65.7%  |  21  |  16.2%

### County elections[edit]

Between 2017 and 2024, 82.1% of county and special district incumbents sought re-election; of these, 7.6% were defeated in their bids for re-election. The table below is organized by year and includes the total number of county races and the number and percentage of uncontested races, incumbents who sought re-election, and incumbents who were defeated in their re-election bids.

County election incumbency statistics from 2017 to 2024

Year  | Total seats  | Uncontested  | Incumbents who
sought re-election  | Incumbents defeated
#  | %  | #  | %  | #  | %
2024  |  2,361  |  1,388  |  58.8%  |  1,942  |  82.3%  |  109  |  5.6%
2023  |  208  |  105  |  50.5%  |  131  |  63.0%  |  7  |  5.3%
2022  |  2,499  |  1,347  |  53.9%  |  2,041  |  81.7%  |  152  |  7.4%
2021  |  176  |  59  |  33.5%  |  106  |  60.2%  |  8  |  7.5%
2020  |  2,167  |  1,190  |  54.9%  |  1,861  |  85.9%  |  147  |  7.9%
2019  |  183  |  85  |  46.4%  |  140  |  76.5%  |  11  |  7.9%
2018  |  2,168  |  1,115  |  51.4%  |  1,807  |  83.3%  |  176  |  9.7%
2017  |  108  |  47  |  43.5%  |  74  |  68.5%  |  9  |  12.2%

### Uncontested races[edit]

An average of 5.7% mayoral races and 17.5% city council races went uncontested between 2015 and 2024. In terms of mayoral elections, 2023 saw the highest number of uncontested races (five) and 2017 and 2022 saw the fewest (zero). For city council seats, 2023 had the highest number of uncontested races (126) and 2018 had the fewest (29). The chart below shows the percentage of uncontested mayoral and city council races between 2015 and 2024.

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## Footnotes[edit]

1. ↑ This number does not include Santa Clarita, California. The members of the Santa Clarita City Council select one member as mayor each December.
2. ↑ WCVB, "Josh Kraft's exit clears path for Mayor Wu's likely reelection in Boston," September 12, 2025
3. ↑ CBS News, "Keller: Wu looks to play "Trump card" against Kraft, who has an uphill climb in the polls," July 30, 2025
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Boston.com, "Mayoral race primer: What to know about the issues that divide Wu and Kraft," April 8, 2025
5. ↑ Welcome to the Massachusetts Office of Campaign and Political Finance, "Mayoral Depository Year-to-Date Reports," accessed August 26, 2025
6. ↑ Massachusetts Office of Campaign and Political Finance, "Michelle Wu Candidate Committee Organization Statement," accessed August 28, 2025
7. ↑ Massachusetts Office of Campaign and Political Finance, "Josh Kraft Candidate Committee Organization Statement," accessed August 28, 2025
8. ↑ Massachusetts Office of Campaign and Political Finance, "Robert Cappucci Candidate Committee Organization Statement," accessed August 28, 2025
9. ↑ Massachusetts Office of Campaign and Political Finance, "Domingos DaRosa Candidate Committee Organization Statement," accessed August 28, 2025
10. ↑ Boston.com,"Hoping to join Wu on ballot, third-place mayoral candidate pursues recount," September 16, 2025
11. ↑ Associated Press, "Boston Mayor Wu will run unopposed in her reelection bid after challenger’s recount bid falls short," September 22, 2025
12. ↑ Washington Post, "Michelle Wu makes history as first person of color and woman to be elected Boston mayor," November 3, 2021
13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Michelle Wu 2025 campaign website, "Meet Michelle," accessed August 27, 2025
14. ↑ Michelle Wu 2025 campaign website, "Endorsements," accessed August 27, 2025
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Massachusetts Office of Campaign and Political Finance, "Mayoral Depository Year-to-Date Reports," accessed September 25, 2025
16. ↑ NBC Boston, "Your guide to the 2025 Boston mayoral election," August 15, 2025
17. ↑ Josh Kraft 2025 campaign website, "About Josh Kraft,' accessed August 27, 2025
18. ↑ Josh Kraft 2025 campaign website, 'Josh Kraft on Policy," accessed August 27, 2025
19. ↑ Boston Herald, "Josh Kraft scores first major endorsement in his bid for Boston mayor," March 19, 2025
20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 YouTube, "Boston Democratic Ward Coalition 2025 Mayoral Debate," May 15, 2025 Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; name "forum" defined multiple times with different content
21. ↑ Boston.com, "Boston mayoral race: 5 takeaways from the first candidate forum as Wu and Kraft meet onstage," May 19, 2025
22. ↑ Josh Kraft 2025 campaign website, "Housing Access & Affordability Plan," accessed August 27, 2025
23. ↑ Josh Kraft, 'Josh’s Plan to Improve a Transportation System Stuck in the Past for a City Ready to Move Forward," accessed August 27, 2025
24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 MassLive, "White Stadium has taken over Boston’s mayoral race. Here’s what the candidates have to say," August 18, 2025
25. ↑ Bridge Detroit, "2025 Detroit Elections: Who is running for mayor," May 2, 2025
26. ↑ Associated Press, "Detroit Mayor Duggan, a longtime Democrat, will run for Michigan governor in 2026 as independent," December 4, 2024
27. ↑ Toledo Blade, "Detroit mayors all Democrats since 1962," July 28, 2013
28. ↑ Bridge Detroit, "Former Detroit Police Chief James Craig launches 2025 mayoral bid," March 6, 2025
29. ↑ Detroit Free Press, "Ex-Detroit Police Chief James Craig announces 'Hollywood Craig is back' in mayoral bid," March 12, 2025
30. ↑ Axios, "Detroit mayor's race sit-down: James Craig," April 14, 2025
31. ↑ Detroit Regional Chamber, "Fred Durhal III," accessed July 9, 2025
32. ↑ The Detroit News, "Q&A: Councilman Fred Durhal III says 'vast' experience makes him best choice for Detroit's next mayor," April 12, 2025
33. ↑ Fred Durhal 2025 campaign website, "DETROIT’S GROWTH PLAYBOOK: BUILDING FAMILIES, NEIGHBORHOODS, AND BUSINESS," accessed July 9, 2025
34. ↑ Axios, "Nonprofit CEO launches campaign for Detroit mayor," January 15, 2025
35. ↑ LinkedIn, "Saunteel Jenkins," accessed July 9, 2025
36. ↑ Saunteel Jenkins 2025 campaign website, "Saunteel's Six Policy Priorities," accessed July 9, 2025
37. ↑ Bridge Detroit, "Detroit mayoral candidates share views on transit future," May 2, 2025
38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 38.2 Detroit One Million, "Democratic rift over corporate influence, Gaza on display at Michigan convention," February 24, 2025
39. ↑ Bridge Detroit, "Pastor Solomon Kinloch announces 2025 bid for Detroit mayor," February 19, 2025
40. ↑ Bridge Detroit, "Detroit mayoral hopefuls clash over vision, experience at Mackinac debate," May 29, 2025
41. ↑ Click on Detroit, "Triumph Church Reverend Solomon Kinloch, Jr. announces campaign for Detroit mayor," February 20, 2025
42. ↑ LinkedIn, "Mary Sheffield," accessed July 9, 2025
43. ↑ Mary Sheffield 2025 campaign website, "Neighborhood Restoration," accessed July 9, 2025
44. ↑ Axios, "Detroit mayor's race sit-down: Mary Sheffield," January 28, 2025
45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 Axios, "Trail Mix: Endorsements, tension and a debate," May 19, 2025
46. ↑ The Detroit News, "Editorial: Our primary election choice for Detroit mayor," July 2, 2025
47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 The Michigan Chronicle, "Michigan Chronicle Endorsement: Detroit Deserves a Real Race. Let It Be Between Saunteel Jenkins and Mary Sheffield," July 9, 2025
48. ↑ United Auto Workers, "UAW Endorses Rev. Solomon Kinloch Jr. for Mayor of Detroit," May 16, 2025
49. ↑ Michigan Chronicle, "Black Slate Endorsements: Kinloch, McCampbell, Miller earn nods," July 8, 2025
50. ↑ Click on Detroit, "Rev. Solomon Kinloch Jr. secures endorsement from 13th Congressional Democrats in Detroit mayoral race," May 19, 2025
51. ↑ Detroit Free Press, "Here's the Free Press' pick for 2025 Detroit mayoral election | Endorsement," June 29, 202
52. ↑ KTVH, "UPDATE: Helena School Bonds and City Municipal Primary Results (Unofficial)," September 9, 2025
53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 KTVH, "Helena holds first city primary election in more than two decades," August 15, 2025
54. ↑ The Intercept, "Liberian Refugee Wilmot Collins, Mayor of Helena, Launches Bid for Montana Senate Seat," May 13 2019
55. ↑ Independent Record, "Commissioner Emily Dean to run for Helena mayor, Mayor Collins endorses her," April 9, 2025
56. ↑ KTVH, "Helena mayoral candidate: Emily Dean," August 18, 2025
57. ↑ Independent Record, "Commissioner Shirtliff announces candidacy for Helena mayor," June 6, 2025
58. ↑ KTVH, "Helena Commissioner Andy Shirtliff announces run for Helena Mayor," June 6, 2025
59. ↑ City of Helena, "City Charter," accessed December 8, 2021
60. ↑ PIX11, "What to know about the upcoming mayor election in Jersey City," November 19, 2025
61. ↑ NJ.com, "In Jersey City, runoff elections rarely change initial outcome," November 6, 2015
62. ↑ CBS News, "Former Gov. Jim McGreevey, James Solomon advance to runoff in race for Jersey City mayor," November 5, 2025
63. ↑ LinkedIn, "Jim McGreevey," accessed November 20, 2025
64. ↑ New Jersey Globe, "McGreevey Says He’ll Serve Just One Term, Focus On Delivering Results, Not Politics And Fundraising," November 13, 2025
65. ↑ LinkedIn, "James Solomon," accessed November 20, 2025
66. ↑ PIX11, "Jersey City mayor’s race: Get to know James Solomon," November 18, 2025
67. ↑ James McGreevey Campaign Website 2025, "Endorsements," accessed November 20, 2025
68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 NJ, "Who should lead Jersey City? Big political names pick sides in McGreevey-Solomon showdown," November 11, 2025
69. ↑ 69.0 69.1 WLRN, "Higgins, Gonzalez headed to Miami's first mayoral runoff election since 2001," November 4, 2025
70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 The Miami Herald, "The nation saw a blue wave. In Miami mayor’s election, it was a ‘change’ wave | Opinion," November 5, 2025
71. ↑ LinkedIn, "Emilio Gonzalez," accessed August 20, 2025
72. ↑ Floridian Press, "Gonzalez Pitches Eliminating Property Taxes for Homestead Residents in 'Second Pillar' of Miami Mayoral Campaign," August 18, 2025
73. ↑ Emilio Gonzalez 2025 campaign website, "Emilio T. Gonzalez’s Plan to Fix What’s Broken in Miami," accessed August 20, 2025
74. ↑ 74.0 74.1 Florida Politics, "Poll: Eileen Higgins leads race for Miami Mayor, but not enough to avoid a runoff," August 7, 2025
75. ↑ Caplin News, "Meet the 2025 City of Miami mayoral candidates," June 23, 2025
76. ↑ 76.0 76.1 Eileen Higgins 2025 campaign website, "Homepage," accessed August 20, 2025
77. ↑ 77.0 77.1 Florida Politics, "Frederica Wilson endorses Eileen Higgins for Miami Mayor: ‘Miami’s future depends’ on her," November 13, 2025
78. ↑ Miami Herald, "Trump gives ‘complete and total endorsement’ to candidate for Miami mayor," November 17, 2025
79. ↑ Miami-Herald, "Deep dive on the Miami mayor race: What voter data says about who will win," November 6, 2025
80. ↑ Politico, "DNC ‘all in’ for Democrat in Miami mayor race against Trump-backed Republican," November 20, 2025
81. ↑ Miami Herald, "The Democratic National Committee is getting involved in the Miami mayor’s race," November 20, 2025
82. ↑ Miami Herald, "Democrat pulls ahead in race for Miami mayor as ballots are counted," November 4, 2025
83. ↑ City of Minneapolis, "Common questions about filing for office," accessed September 10, 2025
84. ↑ 84.0 84.1 CNN Politics, "Minnesota Democrats revoke endorsement of democratic socialist candidate for Minneapolis mayor," August 21, 2025
85. ↑ Jacob Frey Mayor of Minneapolis, "News," January 29, 2025
86. ↑ Omar Fateh for Minneapolis Mayor, "Why I’m Running for Mayor of Minneapolis," accessed September 9, 2025
87. ↑ Mayor's Office, "Past and Present Mayors of Minneapolis," accessed September 9, 2025
88. ↑ The Minnesota Star Tribune, "Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey plans to run for re-election, and others might challenge him," November 4, 2024
89. ↑ The Downballot, "Morning Digest: One of next year's top races for mayor is already a contentious affair," December 3, 2024
90. ↑ Minnpost, "Left-wing coalition makes gains in Minneapolis City Council election," November 8, 2023
91. ↑ Jacob Frey Mayor of Minneapolis, "Endorsements," accessed September 9, 2025
92. ↑ Omar Fateh for Minneapolis Mayor, "Endorsements," accessed September 9, 2025
93. ↑ City of Minneapolis, "Roles of Mayor and City Council," accessed March 11, 2022
94. ↑ City of Minneapolis, "Government structure," accessed March 11, 202
95. ↑ NOLA.com, "How would the New Orleans mayoral candidates work with Gov. Jeff Landry, state?" September 1, 2025
96. ↑ Verite News, "Royce Duplessis," accessed September 25, 2025
97. ↑ YouTube, "A City that Works for Everyone," August 21, 2025
98. ↑ WWL, "Oliver Thomas is a candidate for New Orleans mayor; here's what to know about him," September 8, 2025
99. ↑ The New York Times, "New Blow to New Orleans in Council Member’s Plea," August 14, 2007
100. ↑ Verite News, "Oliver Thomas," accessed September 25, 2025
101. ↑ The New York Times, "New York City Mayoral Primary Election Results," June 24, 2025
102. ↑ Politico, "Adams to skip New York City’s Democratic primary, run for reelection on nonpartisan line," April 3, 2025
103. ↑ New York Times, "Eric Adams Abandons Re-election Bid for Mayor of New York City," September 28, 2025
104. ↑ City & State NY, "Here’s who’s running for New York City mayor in 2025," accessed April 9, 2025
105. ↑ The New York Times, "N.Y.C. Mayor Candidate Pitches Largest Guaranteed Income Program in U.S.," April 7, 2025
106. ↑ The New York Times, "Cuomo’s First Mayoral Campaign Promise: A Plan to Tackle Affordability," March 3, 2025
107. ↑ Andrew Cuomo 2025 campaign website, "On the issues," accessed March 5, 2025
108. ↑ The Nation, "NYC Mayoral Candidate Brad Lander Makes His Case," August 5,2024
109. ↑ Brad Lander 2025 campaign website, "Unlock the Toothpaste! Combatting Retail Theft," accessed April 9, 2025
110. ↑ Zohran Mamdani 2025 campaign website, "Platform," accessed February 5, 2025
111. ↑ City & State NY, "Zohran Mamdani wants to make NYC buses free as mayor. How would that work?" January 22, 2025
112. ↑ BKReader, "Housing Takes Center Stage as Brooklyn State Senator Joins Mayoral Race," December 3, 2024
113. ↑ The New York Times, "Why an N.Y.C. Mayoral Candidate Who Sued the Police Wants More Officers," January 29, 2015
114. ↑ Jessica Ramos 2025 campaign website, "Investing in Our Children’s Future," accessed February 5, 2025
115. ↑ The New York Times, "Lander Vows to End Street Homelessness for Mentally Ill People as Mayor," January 13, 2025
116. ↑ The New York Times, "Jessica Ramos, Former Cuomo Critic, Endorses Him for New York City Mayor," June 6, 2025
117. ↑ The New York Times, "Adams Is Denied Public Matching Funds, Hampering Re-election Campaign," December 16, 2024
118. ↑ Scott Stringer 2025 campaign website "Rebuilding NYC's future," accessed February 5, 2025
119. ↑ The New York Times, "In N.Y.C. Mayor’s Race, Top Democrats Take On Trump and Their Own Party," June 13, 2025
120. ↑ City & State NY, "Here’s who’s running for New York City mayor in 2025," June 6, 2025
121. ↑ The New York Times, "Michael Bloomberg Endorses Andrew Cuomo for Mayor," June 10, 2025
122. ↑ City and State NY, "How much will AOC’s endorsement help Zohran Mamdani?" June 6, 2025
123. ↑ The City, "How Does Ranked Choice Voting Work in New York City?" March 23, 2023
124. ↑ The New Republic, "Ranked-Choice Voting in NYC Faces Its Make-or-Break Moment," June 13, 2025
125. ↑ The New York Times, "Mamdani and Lander Cross-Endorse Each Other in N.Y.C. Mayor’s Race," June 13, 2025
126. ↑ The New York Times, "Mamdani and Lander Cross-Endorse Each Other in N.Y.C. Mayor’s Race," June 13, 2025
127. ↑ New York Daily News, "Mamdani, Lander cross-endorse each other for NYC mayor in bid to block Cuomo," June 13, 2025
128. ↑ San Francisco Chronicle, "Barbara Lee wins Oakland mayoral race," April 18, 2025
129. ↑ ABC7, "Kevin Jenkins selected to serve as next interim mayor of Oakland; third mayor in 3 months," January 6, 2025
130. ↑ The San Francisco Chronicle, "Oakland voters oust Sheng Thao in unprecedented mayoral recall," November 8, 2024
131. ↑ 131.0 131.1 131.2 ABC7, "Oakland's 3 main mayoral candidates speak on public safety, homelessness solutions," February 19, 2025
132. ↑ 132.0 132.1 132.2 132.3 Greenbelt Alliance, "Oakland’s 2025 Candidates Weigh In on Housing, Climate Resilience, and the Environment," February 19, 2025
133. ↑ LinkedIn, "Renia Webb," accessed February 26, 2025
134. ↑ Renia Webb 2025 campaign website, "Home," accessed February 21, 2025
135. ↑ Open Disclosure, "Data for Oakland Election on April 15, 2025," accessed April 14, 2025
136. ↑ The Oaklandside, "Will labor win again in Oakland’s mayoral election?" March 24, 2025
137. ↑ CBS News, "Oakland voters to choose new mayor, decide on controversial sales tax hike," April 12, 2025
138. ↑ New York Times, "Pittsburgh Mayor Primary Election Results," May 20, 2025
139. ↑ PennLive, "Is this Pa. city’s mayoral primary a barometer of Democrats' future?" March 18, 2025
140. ↑ Trib Live, "Mayor Ed Gainey launches re-election campaign" August 30, 2024
141. ↑ Pittsburgh Magazine, "Ed Gainey Wants Another Shot at Running the City of Pittsburgh," February 20, 2025
142. ↑ Public Source, "Pittsburgh’s mayoral primary options: Ed Gainey," March 4, 2025
143. ↑ United Steelworkers, "USW District 10 Endorses Ed Gainey for Mayor of Pittsburgh," February 4, 2025
144. ↑ PoliticsPA, "O’Connor Announces Candidacy For Pittsburgh Mayor," December 10, 2024
145. ↑ WESA, "O’Connor talks public safety plan, criticizes Gainey’s police chief struggles," April 3, 2025
146. ↑ Public Source, "Pittsburgh’s mayoral primary options: Corey O’Connor," March 4, 2025
147. ↑ Trib Live, "Democratic committee endorses O'Connor over Gainey, but tight margin triggers recount," March 10, 2025
148. ↑ WESA, "Why Trump and MAGA are playing a role in the Pittsburgh mayoral race," March 7, 2025
149. ↑ WESA, "Gainey and O'Connor argue over 'MAGA assault' in Pittsburgh mayoral race," March 3, 2025
150. ↑ The Nation, "MAGA Money Targets Pittsburgh’s Progressive Mayor," March 26, 2025
151. ↑ CBS News, "Gainey, O'Connor argue over Pittsburgh mayoral campaign donations from Trump supporters," March 3, 2025
152. ↑ 152.0 152.1 The Downballot, "Morning Digest: How the pick to replace Vance in the Senate upends Ohio's race for governor," January 20, 2025
153. ↑ KSAT.com, "The San Antonio mayor and council races are set. Could the ballot order sway the outcome of a packed race?" February 24, 2025
154. ↑ 154.0 154.1 San Antonio Report, "From a field of 27 candidates, San Antonio’s mayor race is now Jones vs. Pablos," May 4, 2025
155. ↑ KSAT, "List: Endorsements for San Antonio mayoral candidates," May 13, 2025
156. ↑ San Antonio Report, "Greg Abbott has a PAC to shape local politics — including San Antonio’s mayoral race," March 18, 2025
157. ↑ Gina Ortiz Jones for Mayor, "Priorities," accessed March 22, 2025
158. ↑ Rolando Pablos for Mayor, "My Vision For San Antonio," accessed March 22, 2025
159. ↑ San Antonio Report, "The 2025 San Antonio Report Voter Guide is live! Use our guide to prepare your vote." March 13, 2025
160. ↑ City of San Antonio, "About Us," accessed September 2, 2021
161. ↑ City of San Antonio, "City Charter," printed July 2021
162. ↑ The Hills, "Progressive Katie Wilson ousts Democratic incumbent in Seattle mayor’s race," November 13, 2025
163. ↑ The Urbanist, "Katie Wilson Jumps In Seattle Mayor Race as Progressive Coalition-Builder," March 12, 2025
164. ↑ Katie Wilson 2025 campaign website, "Home," accessed June 18, 2025
165. ↑ Katie Wilson 2025 campaign website, "Platform," accessed June 18, 2025
166. ↑ Katie Wilson 2025 campaign website, "Endorsements," accessed July 2, 2025
167. ↑ Seattle Times, "Seattle mayoral candidate Katie Wilson gets grocery union endorsement," August 27, 2025
168. ↑ Seattle Times, "Katie Wilson elections Seattle's next mayor," November 12, 2025
169. ↑ Politico, "Progressive on the edge of a win in Seattle mayor race," November 11, 2025
170. ↑ YouTube, "KUOW: The race for Seattle Mayor: Bruce Harrell," July 21, 2025
171. ↑ Bruce Harrell 2025 campaign website, "Home," accessed June 12, 2025
172. ↑ Bruce Harrell 2025 campaign website, "Endorsements," accessed July 2, 2025
173. ↑ 173.0 173.1 Axios Washington, "Meet the 7 people challenging Bruce Harrell for mayor," May 13, 2025
174. ↑ 174.0 174.1 174.2 174.3 174.4 174.5 174.6 City Inside/Out, "City InsideOut: Seattle Mayoral Debate," September 11, 2025
175. ↑ Decision Desk HQ, "Elections across America," accessed April 8, 2025
176. ↑ St. Louis Business Journal, "St. Louis Mayor Tishaura Jones looks vulnerable in spring election: Drebes," January 24, 2025
177. ↑ St. Louis Post-Dispatch, "Cara Spencer wins primary for St. Louis mayor; Tishaura Jones makes runoff," March 5, 2025
178. ↑ STLPR, "Mayor Jones, Alderwoman Spencer advance for rematch of 2021 St. Louis mayoral race," March 4, 2025
179. ↑ St. Louis American, "Mayor Jones makes it official, seeks re-election," December 3, 2024
180. ↑ 180.0 180.1 St. Louis American, "Mayoral candidates clash on issues," February 13, 2025
181. ↑ Cara Spencer 2025 campaign website, "A Platform for the Future," accessed February 20, 2025
182. ↑ KDSK, "St. Louis Democratic Party endorses Cara Spencer for mayor in 'unprecedented' vote against incumbent mayor," March 8, 2025
183. ↑ St. Louis American, "Mayor Jones, Spencer to face off April 8th," March 6, 2025
184. ↑ STLPR, "Jones and Spencer face off over St. Louis’ future in heated joint appearance," March 18, 2025
185. ↑ St. Louis Magazine, "Spencer wins mayoral primary, with Jones a distant second," March 4, 2025
186. ↑ KETV, "John Ewing Jr.'s historic inauguration as Omaha's mayor," June 10, 2025
187. ↑ Garland, Texas, "Dylan Hedrick Returns to City Hall as Garland's 38th Mayor," June 18, 2025
188. ↑ New York Times, "Miami Elects First Democratic Mayor in Nearly 30 Years," December 9, 2025

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