Rankings of universities in China

Short description: Status of higher education in China

As of 2025, China had the world's highest number of top universities in several international rankings including the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), the US News and World Report Best Global University Ranking, the Center for World University Rankings (CWUR), the University Ranking by Academic Performance, the CWTS Leiden Ranking, and the SCImago Institutions Rankings.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Universities and colleges being part of the Double First-Class Construction (147 public universities nationwide) are considered to be the most elite institutions of Chinese tertiary education, representing the top 5% of overall universities and colleges in Mainland China (approximately 3,000 higher education institutions).[7][8] Regardless of universities in China being involved in a variety of university rankings, the Ministry of Education of China does not advocate or recognize any ranking published by other institutions.[9]

## Contents

* 1 Rankings distribution
* 1.1 Global
* 1.2 Regional
* 1.3 National
* 1.3.1 Rankings of universities in China
* 2 Major International Rankings
* 2.1 Bibliometric-based rankings
* 2.1.1 Shanghai Ranking's Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU)
* 2.1.2 University Ranking By Academic Performance (URAP)
* 2.1.3 WURI Global Top 100 Innovative Universities Rankings
* 2.1.4 CSRankings: Computer Science Rankings
* 2.1.5 AIRankings: AI Institute and Author Rankings by Publications
* 2.2 Opinion-based rankings
* 2.2.1 QS World University Rankings
* 2.2.2 Times Higher Education World University Rankings
* 2.2.3 Times Higher Education Most International Universities Ranking
* 2.2.4 US News Best Global Universities Ranking
* 2.3 Other Global Rankings
* 2.4 Notes
* 3 References

## Rankings distribution

### Global

As of 2026, China had the world's highest number of top universities in the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), the US News and World Report Best Global University Ranking, the Center for World University Rankings (CWUR), the University Ranking by Academic Performance, the CWTS Leiden Ranking, and the SCImago Institutions Rankings.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

China topped the list with 244 out of 1,000 universities in the 2025 Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU).[10] The U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking 2026-2027 ranked 2250 universities from more than 100 countries/regions: China was again top with 409.[11] China topped the list with 360 out of 2,000 universities in the 2026 Center for World University Rankings (CWUR).[12] The University Ranking by Academic Performance 2025-2026 shortlisted 3,000 research universities in the ranking: China topped the list, with 509 universities.[13] In the 2025 CWTS Leiden Ranking, China had the largest number of universities including in the ranking with 365 out of 1,594 universities from more than 77 countries/regions.[14] China was also the most-represented nation overall in the SCImago Institutions Rankings 2025 list with 634 universities.[15] More than 2,500 universities in China are ranked in the Webometrics Ranking of World Universities out of almost 31,000 institutions, including in the ranking worldwide.[16]

There were 13 universities from Mainland China on lists of the global top 100 in the 2025 Shanghai Ranking's ARWU, behind only the United States in terms of the overall representation. Among them, Mainland China had four universities listed within the global top 30, tied with the UK and second only to the United States.[17] In the 2026 U.S. News Global University Rankings, 11 universities from Mainland China were included in the global top 100, ranking second only to the United States. In the same ranking, Mainland China had one university in the global top 10 and two universities ranked in the global top 20, trailing only the US and the UK.[18] In the 2026 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, Mainland China had a notable presence with 2 universities listed within the global top 15.[19] This positioning placed Mainland China behind only the United States (9) and the United Kingdom (3) in terms of overall representation.[19] As of 2025, there were 2 Chinese universities in the global top 20, 5 in the top 50, and 19 in the top 200, behind only the United States and the United Kingdom in terms of the overall representation in the Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities, a composite ranking system combining three of the world's most influential university rankings (ARWU+QS+ THE).[20]

### Regional

China has dominated the QS BRICS University Rankings and the THE's Emerging Economies University Rankings since their inception, claiming 7 of the top 10 spots for both rankings. China is also the most-represented nation overall.[21][22] In 2020, China tops the QS Asia University Rankings list with over 120 universities including in the ranking, and five Chinese universities appear in the Asia Top 10, which is more than any other country.[23] As of 2024, the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) included a total of 13 universities from China within its world top 100 list.[24] Similarly, the Times Higher Education Rankings also featured four and seven universities from China within its global top 40 and top 100 lists, respectively.[25] Notably, this level of representation in both rankings positioned China as the country with the highest overall presence in the Asia & Oceania region.[24][25]

### National

China is home to over 3,000 institutions of higher education. Within this vast landscape, around 147 universities as part of the Double First-Class Construction hold a prominent position as national key universities, while the tier 1 universities consist of the former 985 Project Universities.[26][27][28] These universities are widely recognized as some of the most renowned in China and continuously maintain high rankings nationally and globally.[29]

In terms of city representation, according to the U.S. News & World Report Best Global University Ranking for 2026, Beijing has the highest number of universities included in the ranking, totaling 31, followed by Shanghai (24) and Xi'an (20), while Nanjing has 18 and Wuhan has 16. Other major cities with notable representation include Hangzhou (14), Chengdu (13), Guangzhou (12), Tianjin (11), Harbin (11), Shenyang (10), Nanchang (10), Changsha (9), Dalian (9), Chongqing (8), Jinan (8), Zhengzhou (8), Hefei (8), Kunming (7), Qingdao (7), and Changchun (7).[30]

#### Rankings of universities in China

There are several comprehensive rankings of universities in China, including Wu Shulian Ranking, made by a team led by Wu Shulian and published in the name of Chinese Academy of Management, Netbig Ranking, made by the higher education internet information company Netbig, and CUAA Ranking, by Airuishen (a company) in the name of Chinese Universities Alumni Association, etc. Shanghai Ruanke compiles both the Best Chinese Universities Ranking (BCUR) and the world university ranking, Academic Ranking of World Universities.[31]

In 1987, a ranking of 86 key universities according to Science Citation Index was compiled by Xiao Ming, Chinese Academy of Management Science.[32]

It's said that the first comprehensive (exactly, synthetic) ranking of Chinese universities was made by Cai Yanhou, Higher Education Research Institute, Central South University of Technology, in 1989.[33] Colleges and universities were ranked in four categories, science (generally comprehensive universities), engineering, agricultural and medical.[33]

The Chinese university ranking on research and development in 1991 was published in 1993 by Wu Shulian, Guangdong Academy of Management Science, which was registered in the year 1993 as a private institute and later ceased and was claimed to be the Guangdong branch of Chinese Academy of Management Science. The 1996 ranking was released in 1997, and since then the annual ranking has been released continuously. It's a single list ranking except 1998 ranking, which consists of comprehensive university ranking and technological university ranking, with Nanjing University and Tsinghua University ranking 1st respectively. In 2000, the comprehensive ranking was released under the name Chinese University Assessment. The ranking was later published in the name of Chinese Academy of Management Science.

In 1998, Netbig, or literally Net Universities in abbreviation, a higher education internet information company, released Chinese university ranking.[34]

In 2002, Chinese university ranking by Airuishen (a company) was released. The CUAA Ranking, released in the name of Chinese Universities Alumni Association, is said made by Cai Yanhou team.[35]

In 2003, a team in Shanghai Jiaotong University, later named Shanghai Ranking (Shanghai Ruanke, literally Shanghai Soft Science in abbreviation), released Academic Ranking of World Universities. Shanghai Ranking also compiles the Best Chinese Universities Ranking (BCUR).[36]

## Major International Rankings

### Bibliometric-based rankings

Annual international rankings of the bibliometric-based rankings include the Academic Ranking of World Universities, the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities, the University Ranking by Academic Performance, the CWTS Leiden Ranking, the SCImago Institutions Rankings, the Center for World University Rankings (CWUR), and the Nature Index Annual Tables published by Nature Research.

#### Shanghai Ranking's Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU)

Institution  | World Rank 2025[37]

|

Tsinghua University  | 18
Peking University  | 23
Zhejiang University  | 24
Shanghai Jiao Tong University  | 30
University of Science and Technology of China  | 40
Fudan University  | 41
Sun Yat-Sen University  | 65
Huazhong University of Science and Technology  | 73
Nanjing University  | 75
Wuhan University  | 81
Sichuan University  | 87
Xi'an Jiaotong University  | 92
Central South University  | 96
Beijing Institute of Technology  |  101-150
Beijing Normal University  |  101-150
Beihang University  |  101-150
Harbin Institute of Technology  |  101-150
Jilin University  |  101-150
Shandong University  |  101-150
South China University of Technology  |  101-150
Southeast University  |  101-150
Tianjin University  |  101-150
Tongji University  |  101-150
Xiamen University  |  101-150
Northwestern Polytechnical University  |  101-150
Soochow University  |  101-150
Southern University of Science and Technology  |  101-150
Hunan University  |  151-200
China Agricultural University  |  151-200
Chongqing University  |  151-200
Dalian University of Technology  |  151-200
Nankai University  |  151-200
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  |  151-200
Zhengzhou University  |  151-200
Peking Union Medical College  |  151-200
Beijing University of Technology  |  201-300
Beijing University of Chemical Technology  |  201-300
Capital University of Medical Sciences  |  201-300
China University of Geosciences Wuhan  |  201-300
East China Normal University  |  201-300
East China University of Science and Technology  |  201-300
Huazhong Agricultural University  |  201-300
Lanzhou University  |  201-300
Nanjing Agricultural University  |  201-300
Nanjing Medical University  |  201-300
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics  |  201-300
Nanjing University of Science and Technology  |  201-300
Northeastern University in China  |  201-300
Shanghai University  |  201-300
Shenzhen University  |  201-300
University of Science and Technology Beijing  |  201-300
Wuhan University of Technology  |  201-300
Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University  |  201-300
Southern Medical University  |  201-300
Anhui University  |  301-400
Fujian Medical University  |  301-400
Fuzhou University  |  301-400
Guangdong University of Technology  |  301-400
Guangxi University  |  301-400
Henan University  |  301-400
Jiangsu University  |  301-400
Jinan University - Guangdong  |  301-400
Nanchang University  |  301-400
Nanjing University of Technology  |  301-400
Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications  |  301-400
Ocean University of China  |  301-400
Qingdao University  |  301-400
Renmin University of China  |  301-400
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology  |  301-400
South China Agricultural University  |  301-400
Southwest Jiaotong University  |  301-400
University of Petroleum (East China)  |  301-400
Yangzhou University  |  301-400
Yunnan University  |  301-400
Zhejiang University of Technology  |  301-400
Xidian University  |  301-400
Jiangnan University  |  301-400
Kunming University of Science and Technology  |  301-400
Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology  |  301-400
Guangzhou Medical University  |  301-400
ShanghaiTech University  |  301-400
Westlake University  |  301-400
Anhui Medical University  |  401-500
China University of Mining Technology  |  401-500
Donghua University - Shanghai  |  401-500
Guangzhou University  |  401-500
Guizhou University  |  401-500
Hainan University  |  401-500
Hefei University of Technology  |  401-500
Hohai University Changzhou  |  401-500
Nanjing Normal University  |  401-500
Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  |  401-500
National University of Defense Technology  |  401-500
Ningbo University  |  401-500
South China Normal University  |  401-500
Northwest University  |  401-500
Southwest University  |  401-500
Wenzhou Medical University  |  401-500
China University of Geosciences - Beijing  |  401-500
Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University  |  401-500
The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen  |  401-500
Central China Normal University (Huazhong Normal University)  |  501-600
Chongqing Medical University  |  501-600
Fujian Normal University  |  501-600
Harbin Engineering University  |  501-600
Hebei University  |  501-600
Hebei University of Technology  |  501-600
Hohai University Changzhou  |  501-600
Jiangsu University  |  501-600
Nanjing Forestry University  |  501-600
North China Electric Power University  |  501-600
Northeast Agricultural University  |  501-600
Northeast Normal University  |  501-600
Shaanxi Normal University  |  501-600
Shandong Agricultural University  |  501-600
Shandong University of Science Technology  |  501-600
Shanxi University  |  501-600
Tianjin Medical University  |  501-600
Xi'an University of Technology  |  501-600
Beijing Jiaotong University  |  501-600
China University of Petroleum (Beijing)  |  501-600
Yanshan University  |  501-600
Zhejiang Science-Technology University  |  501-600
Hangzhou Normal University  |  501-600
Hangzhou Dianzi University  |  501-600
Wenzhou University  |  501-600
Chang’an University  |  601-700
Second Military Medical University  |  601-700
Air Force Medical University  |  601-700
Beijing Forestry University  |  601-700
Chengdu University of Technology  |  601-700
China Medical University  |  601-700
China University of Mining Technology - Beijing  |  601-700
Dalian Maritime University  |  601-700
Hunan Normal University  |  601-700
Qingdao University of Science and Technology  |  601-700
Shanghai Normal University  |  601-700
Taiyuan University of Technology  |  601-700
Xinjiang University  |  601-700
Zhejiang Normal University  |  601-700
Nantong University  |  601-700
Northeast Forestry University  |  601-700
Southwest Petroleum University  |  601-700
Henan University of Science and Technology  |  601-700
Beijing Technology and Business University  |  601-700
Lanzhou University of Technology  |  601-700
Shanghai Ocean University  |  601-700
Zhejiang Chinese Medical University  |  601-700
Qilu University of Technology  |  601-700
Shandong First Medical University  |  601-700
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications  |  701-800
China Pharmaceutical University  |  701-800
Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications  |  701-800
Guangxi Normal University  |  701-800
Harbin Medical University  |  701-800
Hebei Medical University  |  701-800
Henan Normal University  |  701-800
Hubei University  |  701-800
Jiangxi Normal University  |  701-800
Shantou University  |  701-800
South China Normal University  |  701-800
Tianjin University of Technology  |  701-800
Xiangtan University  |  701-800
University of Jinan - Shandong  |  701-800
Tiangong University  |  701-800
Army Medical University  |  701-800
Southwestern University of Finance and Economics  |  701-800
Anhui Agricultural University  |  701-800
Wuhan University of Science and Technology  |  701-800
Xuzhou Medical College  |  701-800
Wuhan Institute of Technology  |  701-800
Shanxi Medical University  |  701-800
Suzhou University of Science and Technology  |  701-800
Dongguan University of Technology  |  801-900
North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power  |  801-900
Anhui Normal University  |  801-900
Capital Normal University  |  801-900
Central University of Finance and Economics  |  801-900
Chengdu University of Technology  |  801-900
Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  |  801-900
Heilongjiang University  |  801-900
North China University of Technology  |  801-900
Shandong Normal University  |  801-900
Shanghai University of Finance and Economics  |  801-900
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology  |  801-900
Shenyang Pharmaceutical University  |  801-900
Sichuan Agricultural University  |  801-900
Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology  |  801-900
Yantai University  |  801-900
Guangxi Medical University  |  801-900
Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool University  |  801-900
Changsha University of Science and Technology  |  801-900
Qingdao Agricultural University  |  801-900
Yangtze University  |  801-900
Zhejiang A & F University  |  801-900
Hainan Medical University  |  901-1000
Hangzhou City University  |  901-1000
Jilin Agricultural University  |  901-1000
Kunming Medical University  |  901-1000
Nanjing University of Finance & Economics  |  901-1000
Southwest Medical University  |  901-1000
Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  |  901-1000
Dalian Medical University  |  901-1000
Gansu Agricultural University  |  901-1000
Hebei Normal University  |  901-1000
Henan Agricultural University  |  901-1000
Liaocheng Teachers University  |  901-1000
Huaqiao University  |  901-1000
Ningxia University  |  901-1000
Shandong University of Science Technology  |  901-1000
University of International Business and Economics  |  901-1000
Zhongnan University of Economics and Law  |  901-1000
China Jiliang University  |  901-1000
Hunan Agricultural University  |  901-1000
Shaanxi University of Science and Technology  |  901-1000
Anhui University of Science and Technology  |  901-1000
Southwest University of Science and Technology  |  901-1000
Henan Polytechnic University  |  901-1000
Shihezi University  |  901-1000
Xi'an University of Science and Technology  |  901-1000
Hangzhou Medical College  |  901-1000
Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  |  901-1000

#### University Ranking By Academic Performance (URAP)

A complete ranking of 495 Chinese universities, including in the top 3,000 universities worldwide, can be found through the external link according to the University Ranking by Academic Performance 2024-2025.[6]

Institution | 2024-2025 World Ranking[6]

|

Zhejiang University  | 5
Shanghai Jiao Tong University  | 6
Tsinghua University  | 7
Peking University  | 10
Sun Yat Sen University  | 12
Huazhong University of Science & Technology  | 15
Central South University  | 19
Fudan University  | 22
University of Science & Technology of China  | 26
Sichuan University  | 27
Xi'an Jiaotong University  | 32
Wuhan University  | 36
Harbin Institute of Technology  | 41
Zhengzhou University  | 43
Shandong University  | 48
Tianjin University  | 49
Tongji University  | 51
Southeast University - China  | 53
Nanjing University  | 56
South China University of Technology  | 69
Jilin University  | 74
University of Electronic Science & Technology of China  | 85
Chongqing University  | 86
Shenzhen University  | 87
Beijing Institute of Technology  | 93
Northwestern Polytechnical University  | 95
Soochow University - China  | 103
Beihang University  | 107
Dalian University of Technology  | 110
Xiamen University  | 116
Hunan University  | 118
China University of Geosciences  | 125
Nankai University  | 142
Southern University of Science & Technology  | 146
Capital Medical University  | 149
Jiangsu University  | 152
University of Science & Technology Beijing  | 169
Beijing Normal University  | 170
Northeastern University - China  | 180
Peking Union Medical College  | 181
Wuhan University of Technology  | 185
China University of Petroleum  | 186
Jinan University  | 187
Shanghai University  | 190
China University of Mining & Technology  | 196
Qingdao University  | 198
Lanzhou University  | 211
Nanjing Medical University  | 212
Southern Medical University - China  | 215
Nanjing University of Science & Technology  | 220
Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics  | 225
Jiangnan University  | 231
Northwest A&F University - China  | 242
East China Normal University  | 246
Southwest Jiaotong University  | 250
Guangdong University of Technology  | 251
Xidian University  | 253
Nanchang University  | 261
Beijing University of Chemical Technology  | 263
Nanjing Forestry University  | 264
Fuzhou University  | 268
Hohai University  | 270
Nanjing Tech University  | 272
Yangzhou University  | 276
Beijing University of Technology  | 279
Guangxi University  | 288
Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology  | 293
Zhejiang University of Technology  | 294
Ocean University of China  | 300
Southwest University - China  | 304
East China University of Science & Technology  | 305
Nanjing Agricultural University  | 328
Huazhong Agricultural University  | 336
Hefei University of Technology  | 340
Beijing Jiaotong University  | 345
Ningbo University  | 356
Guangzhou University  | 363
Donghua University  | 366
Wenzhou Medical University  | 375
Shandong University of Science & Technology  | 376
North China Electric Power University  | 377
Guangzhou Medical University  | 384
South China Agricultural University  | 388
South China Normal University  | 404
Nanjing Normal University  | 413
Beijing University of Posts & Telecommunications  | 422
Henan University  | 424
Kunming University of Science & Technology  | 433
Chang'an University  | 438
Harbin Engineering University  | 442
Qingdao University of Science & Technology  | 450
University of Shanghai for Science & Technology  | 453
Tianjin Medical University  | 456
Northwest University Xi'an  | 457
National University of Defense Technology - China  | 460
China Medical University  | 461
Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications  | 465
Anhui University  | 474
Hebei University of Technology  | 480
Taiyuan University of Technology  | 495
Hainan University  | 497
Shaanxi Normal University  | 511
Anhui Medical University  | 513
Guizhou University  | 514
ShanghaiTech University  | 524
University of Jinan  | 532
Qilu University of Technology  | 541
Yunnan University  | 544
Nantong University  | 548
Beijing Forestry University  | 549
Shandong Normal University  | 555
Fujian Medical University  | 558
Yanshan University  | 580
Wuhan University of Science & Technology  | 581
Hangzhou Dianzi University  | 582
Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University  | 586
Shanxi University  | 590
Xi'an University of Technology  | 591
Zhejiang Normal University  | 593
Harbin Medical University  | 598
Dalian Maritime University  | 602
Renmin University of China  | 604
Zhejiang Sci-Tech University  | 609
Jiangsu University of Science & Technology  | 615
Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology  | 617
Hunan Normal University  | 627
Sichuan Agricultural University  | 633
Northeast Normal University - China  | 634
Northeast Agricultural University - China  | 640
Shantou University  | 642
Southwest Petroleum University  | 648
Shaanxi University of Science & Technology  | 654
Wenzhou University  | 663
Fujian Normal University  | 667
China Pharmaceutical University  | 679
Chengdu University of Technology  | 681
Henan Normal University  | 682
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen  | 686
Xinjiang University  | 695
Northeast Forestry University - China  | 697
Southwest University of Science & Technology - China  | 705
Hubei University  | 706
Tiangong University  | 709
Hangzhou Normal University  | 711
Beijing Technology & Business University  | 718
Xiangtan University  | 730
Henan Polytechnic University  | 732
Changzhou University  | 740
Chengdu University  | 748
Henan University of Science & Technology  | 754
Liaocheng University  | 758
Hebei University  | 765
University of South China  | 785
Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications  | 790
Qufu Normal University  | 796
Wuhan Institute of Technology  | 797
Zhejiang A&F University  | 798
Huaqiao University  | 812
Lanzhou University of Technology  | 820
Guilin University of Electronic Technology  | 822
Tianjin University of Technology  | 823
North University of China  | 824
Hunan Agricultural University  | 834
Xi'an University of Science & Technology  | 840
Shandong Agricultural University  | 849
Suzhou University of Science & Technology  | 854
Yantai University  | 855
Shandong University of Technology  | 859
Henan Agricultural University  | 863
Foshan University  | 868
Guangxi Medical University  | 872
Shanxi Medical University  | 873
Tianjin University Science & Technology  | 876
Qingdao University of Technology  | 878
Xuzhou Medical University  | 892
Yangtze University  | 894
Shanghai Normal University  | 897
Shanghai Maritime University  | 902
Shanghai Ocean University  | 904
Hebei Medical University  | 911
China Three Gorges University  | 916
Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  | 919
Dalian Medical University  | 920
China Jiliang University  | 922
Southwestern University of Finance & Economics - China  | 924
Dongguan University of Technology  | 931
Jiangxi University of Science & Technology  | 934
Jiangxi Normal University  | 946
Anhui Agricultural University  | 947
Zhejiang Chinese Medical University  | 955
Guilin University of Technology  | 956
Southwest Medical University  | 968
Hunan University of Science & Technology  | 978
Zhejiang Gongshang University  | 979
Qingdao Agricultural University  | 995
Anhui University of Technology  | 1000
Hubei University of Technology  | 1005
Huzhou University  | 1017
Shihezi University  | 1018
Central South University of Forestry & Technology  | 1022
Shanghai University of Engineering Science  | 1032
Guangxi Normal University  | 1038
Ningxia University  | 1039
Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University  | 1043
Northwest Normal University - China  | 1046
Capital Normal University  | 1050
Heilongjiang University  | 1052
Anhui University of Science & Technology  | 1070
Henan University of Technology  | 1073
Kunming Medical University  | 1077
Anhui Normal University  | 1079
Dalian Polytechnic University  | 1086
Inner Mongolia University  | 1094
Jiangsu Normal University  | 1099
University of Nottingham Ningbo China  | 1105
Harbin University of Science & Technology  | 1108
Zhengzhou University of Light Industry  | 1133
Hebei Agricultural University  | 1140
Guizhou Medical University  | 1150
Wuhan Textile University  | 1152
Sichuan Normal University  | 1171
Guangdong Ocean University  | 1187
Shenyang Agricultural University  | 1192
Jiaxing University  | 1194
Shenyang Pharmaceutical University  | 1196
Changchun University of Science & Technology  | 1204
Guangdong Medical University  | 1214
East China Jiaotong University  | 1215
Chongqing Jiaotong University  | 1224
Nanchang Hangkong University  | 1226
Shaoxing University  | 1227
Jilin Agricultural University  | 1228
North China University of Science & Technology  | 1234
Xi'an Technological University  | 1235
Lanzhou Jiaotong University  | 1250
Taizhou University  | 1252
Zhejiang Ocean University  | 1255
Shanghai University of Electric Power  | 1257
Zhongnan University of Economics & Law  | 1261
Zunyi Medical University  | 1267
Shenyang University of Technology  | 1271
Shanghai University of Finance & Economics  | 1275
Hainan Medical University  | 1276
Jiangxi Agricultural University  | 1289
Nanjing University of Finance & Economics  | 1293
Jimei University  | 1297
Tianjin Normal University  | 1299
Taiyuan University of Science & Technology  | 1310
Chongqing Technology & Business University  | 1314
Qinghai University  | 1326
Bohai University  | 1330
South Central Minzu University  | 1332
Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  | 1336
Xihua University  | 1342
Linyi University  | 1345
Liaoning University  | 1346
University of International Business & Economics  | 1348
Binzhou Medical University  | 1357
Shandong Jianzhu University  | 1358
Yancheng Institute of Technology  | 1359
Anhui Polytechnic University  | 1360
Ludong University  | 1361
Northeast Petroleum University  | 1366
Northeast Electric Power University  | 1376
Wuyi University  | 1380
Chongqing University of Technology  | 1382
Chongqing Normal University  | 1383
Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications  | 1391
Xinxiang Medical University  | 1394
Shanghai Institute of Technology  | 1399
East China University of Technology  | 1401
Chengdu University of Information Technology  | 1402
Shanxi Agricultural University  | 1421
Hebei Normal University  | 1430
Huaiyin Institute of Technology  | 1431
Ningxia Medical University  | 1440
Xinjiang Medical University  | 1448
Hubei University of Medicine  | 1449
Shandong Second Medical University  | 1451
University of Science & Technology Liaoning  | 1452
Minjiang University  | 1460
Gansu Agricultural University  | 1469
Hebei University of Science & Technology  | 1481
Xinyang Normal University  | 1530
Central University of Finance & Economics  | 1536
Shenzhen Technology University  | 1538
Harbin Normal University  | 1539
Jianghan University  | 1546
Wuhan Polytechnic University  | 1547
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University  | 1549
Yunnan Normal University  | 1550
Hunan University of Technology  | 1557
Fujian University of Technology  | 1563
Liaoning Normal University  | 1575
Changchun University of Technology  | 1580
Hebei University of Engineering  | 1586
Sichuan University of Science & Engineering  | 1591
Xi'an Polytechnic University  | 1601
Yanan University  | 1614
China West Normal University  | 1615
Shenzhen Polytechnic University  | 1630
Southwest Forestry University - China  | 1650
Nanjing Institute of Technology  | 1660
Chongqing University of Science & Technology  | 1667
Guangdong University of Foreign Studies  | 1671
North Minzu University  | 1675
Xi'an Shiyou University  | 1678
Zhejiang University of Science & Technology  | 1685
Hunan University of Chinese Medicine  | 1704
Beijing Information Science & Technology University  | 1710
Shandong University of Finance & Economics  | 1718
Guizhou Normal University  | 1720
Huaibei Normal University  | 1727
Southwest Minzu University  | 1733
Yunnan Agricultural University  | 1734
Liaoning Technical University  | 1741
Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics  | 1747
Xiamen University of Technology  | 1748
Civil Aviation University of China  | 1750
Shanxi Normal University  | 1760
Shenyang Aerospace University  | 1761
Jining Medical University  | 1762
Jiangxi University of Finance & Economics  | 1773
Jilin Normal University  | 1775
Changshu Institute of Technology  | 1781
Anhui University of Finance & Economics  | 1790
Zhongyuan University of Technology  | 1792
Bengbu Medical University  | 1795
Yanbian University  | 1799
Guangxi Minzu University  | 1802
Xi'an Medical University  | 1813
Dongbei University of Finance & Economics  | 1820
Hubei University of Arts & Science  | 1824
Minzu University of China  | 1825
Tianjin Chengjian University  | 1833
Anhui Jianzhu University  | 1837
Jiangsu Ocean University  | 1848
Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology  | 1854
Chongqing University of Arts & Sciences  | 1869
Shijiazhuang Tiedao University  | 1874
Huaiyin Normal University  | 1886
Hubei Normal University  | 1891
Wannan Medical College  | 1900
Inner Mongolia University of Technology  | 1909
Hangzhou City University  | 1910
Henan Institute of Science & Technology  | 1914
North China University of Technology  | 1917
Jishou University  | 1924
Hainan Normal University  | 1925
Xuzhou University of Technology  | 1928
Capital University of Economics & Business  | 1929
Guangxi University of Science & Technology  | 1930
Guilin Medical University  | 1933
Liaoning Petrochemical University  | 1944
Nanjing Audit University  | 1958
Dalian Minzu University  | 1959
Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  | 1964
Yangtze Normal University  | 1965
Jiangsu University of Technology  | 1968
Tianjin University of Commerce  | 1974
Jinzhou Medical University  | 1978
Dalian University  | 1983
Shenyang University of Chemical Technology  | 1990
Liaoning University of Technology  | 1992
Luoyang Normal University  | 1994
Qiqihar University  | 2006
Anhui University of Chinese Medicine  | 2007
Tibet University  | 2023
Duke Kunshan University  | 2028
Gannan Medical University  | 2078
Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University  | 2086
Shanghai University of Sport  | 2091
Ningbo University of Technology  | 2093
Chongqing Three Gorges University  | 2105
Nanjing Xiaozhuang University  | 2120
Xijing University  | 2154
Nanyang Normal College  | 2155
Baoji University of Arts & Sciences  | 2162
Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University  | 2173
Xinjiang Agricultural University  | 2179
Hunan University of Technology & Business  | 2185
Hubei University of Science & Technology  | 2188
Gannan Normal University  | 2194
Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology  | 2201
Shaanxi University of Technology  | 2216
Inner Mongolia Medical University  | 2223
Yancheng Teachers University  | 2230
Shenyang Jianzhu University  | 2234
Nanning Normal University  | 2238
Dali University  | 2245
Changsha University  | 2246
Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology  | 2260
Wuhan Naval University of Engineering  | 2263
Hubei Polytechnic University  | 2265
Dalian Jiaotong University  | 2272
Hubei University of Chinese Medicine  | 2274
Qinghai Normal University  | 2285
Jilin Jianzhu University  | 2289
Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University  | 2302
Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine  | 2305
Zhejiang Shuren University  | 2314
Hebei GEO University  | 2319
Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine  | 2324
Huanggang Normal University  | 2348
Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  | 2350
Shanghai Polytechnic University  | 2355
Guizhou University of Finance & Economics  | 2361
Shenyang Normal University  | 2364
MinNan Normal University  | 2366
Dalian Ocean University  | 2379
Jiujiang University  | 2384
Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology  | 2385
Tarim University  | 2392
Shandong Technology & Business University  | 2407
Hefei University  | 2410
Hunan City University  | 2441
Beihua University  | 2447
Guangdong University of Finance & Economics  | 2448
Hunan Institute of Science & Technology  | 2458
Shandong Jiaotong University  | 2459
Beijing Normal University Zhuhai  | 2470
Hunan Institute of Engineering  | 2472
Harbin University of Commerce  | 2473
Inner Mongolia Normal University  | 2492
Chuzhou University  | 2493
Shanxi Datong University  | 2518
Guizhou Minzu University  | 2523
Yunnan Minzu University  | 2538
Neijiang Normal University  | 2540
Beijing Union University  | 2546
Hubei Minzu University  | 2549
Yunnan University of Finance & Economics  | 2568
Jinling Institute of Technology  | 2570
Huizhou University  | 2573
Hengyang Normal University  | 2575
Guizhou Institute of Technology  | 2580
Jiamusi University  | 2601
Beibu Gulf University  | 2603
Anqing Normal University  | 2604
Zhoukou Normal University  | 2608
Shenyang Ligong University  | 2613
Tianjin Agricultural University  | 2615
Fuyang Normal University  | 2619
NingboTech University  | 2621
Anhui Science & Technology University  | 2623
Communication University of China  | 2627
Xuchang University  | 2633
Hong Kong University of Science & Technology (Guangzhou)  | 2635
Yulin Normal University  | 2636
Shandong University of Aeronautics  | 2641
Hebei North University  | 2642
Shanghai International Studies University  | 2656
Shaoguan University  | 2657
LingNan Normal University  | 2662
Hubei University of Automotive Technology  | 2666
Hubei Engineering University  | 2677
Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology  | 2702
Dezhou University  | 2707
Jinggangshan University  | 2713
Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine  | 2717
Zhejiang Wanli University  | 2734
Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute  | 2735
Yulin University  | 2737
Changzhou Institute of Technology  | 2738
Taishan University  | 2742
Zaozhuang University  | 2744
Putian University  | 2762
Weifang University  | 2769
Shangqiu Normal University  | 2776
Guizhou Education University  | 2793
Zhaoqing University  | 2806
Wuchang University of Technology  | 2823
Xinjiang Normal University  | 2838
Tongren University  | 2847
Hefei Normal University  | 2851
Panzhihua University  | 2852
Tianjin University of Finance & Economics  | 2853
Yibin University  | 2858
Hunan University of Arts & Science  | 2860
Shenyang Medical College  | 2863
Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology  | 2869
Qujing Normal University  | 2870
Shanghai Dianji University  | 2871
Nanyang Institute of Technology  | 2875
North China Institute Science & Technology  | 2891
Changchun Normal University  | 2898
Tianjin University of Technology & Education  | 2904
Longyan University  | 2923
Qiqihar Medical University  | 2933
Luoyang Institute of Science & Technology  | 2950
Changchun University  | 2957
Wuyi University, Fujian  | 2958
Lishui University  | 2969
Wuxi University  | 2989
Henan University of Urban Construction  | 2998

#### WURI Global Top 100 Innovative Universities Rankings

Global Ranking[note 1] Institution  | 2021[38] | 2022[39]

|
|

Tsinghua University | 14 | 15
Peking University | 28 | 31
Cheung Kong Graduate School of Business | 33 | 34
Beijing Normal University | 36 | 37
Beijing Technology and Business University | 63 | 76
Dalian Neusoft University of Information | 97 | 91
University of International Business and Economics | 101-200 | 101-200
Huazhong University of Science and Technology | - | 101-200
Zhejiang Hupan Entrepreneurship Research Center | 101-200 | 201-300
Southern University of Science and Technology | - | 201-300
Xi'an Jiaotong University | - | 201-300
Beijing Institute of Technology | 201-300 | 201-300
Zhejiang University | - | 201-300
Xinyang Vocational and Technical College | - | 201-300
Fudan University | - | 201-300
Tianjin University | - | 201-300
China Europe International Business School | 201-300 | 201-300
Harbin Institute of Technology | - | 201-300
Nankai University | - | 201-300
Tongji University | - | 201-300
Wuhan University | - | 201-300
Nanjing University | - | 201-300
Shanghai Jiao Tong University | - | 201-300
Sun Yat-sen University | - | 201-300
University of Science and Technology of China | - | 201-300

#### CSRankings: Computer Science Rankings

National Ranking[note 2] Institution  | 2022[40] | 2023[41]

|
|

Tsinghua University | 1 | 1
Peking University | 2 | 2
Shanghai Jiao Tong University | 3 | 3
Zhejiang University | 4 | 4
Nanjing University | 6 | 6
Fudan University | 7 | 7
University of Science and Technology of China | 9 | 8
Renmin University of China | 8 | 8
Harbin Institute of Technology | 9 | 10
Beihang University | 10 | 11

#### AIRankings: AI Institute and Author Rankings by Publications

National Ranking[note 2] Institution  | 2022[42] | 2023[43]

|
|

Peking University | 1 | 1
Tsinghua University | 2 | 2
Zhejiang University | 3 | 4
Chinese University of Hong Kong | 5 | 5
Shanghai Jiao Tong University | 7 | 6
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology | 6 | 7
Nanjing University | 8 | 8
Fudan University | 9 | 9
Sun Yat-sen University | 10 | 10

### Opinion-based rankings

A number of international publications formulate their rankings using the weighted average of opinions gathered in surveys, including the QS World University Rankings, the Times Higher Education World University Rankings and the U.S. News and World Report Best Global University Ranking.

#### QS World University Rankings

Institution  | 2025 World Rankings[44]

|

Peking University  | 14
Tsinghua University  | 20
Fudan University  | 39
Shanghai Jiao Tong University  | 45
Zhejiang University  | 47
University of Science and Technology of China  | 133
Nanjing University  | 145
Tongji University  | 192
Wuhan University  | 194
Harbin Institute of Technology  | 252
Tianjin University  | 269
Beijing Normal University  | 271
Southern University of Science and Technology  | 284
Xi'an Jiaotong University  | 295
Huazhong University of Science and Technology  | 300
Beijing Institute of Technology  | 302
Shandong University  | 316
Sun Yat-Sen University  | 331
Sichuan University  | 336
Xiamen University  | 362
Nankai University  | 377
South China University of Technology  | 385
Southeast University  | 428
University of Science and Technology Beijing  | 430
Central South University  | 431
Dalian University of Technology  | 448
Hunan University  | 448
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  | 451
Beihang University  | 452
China Agricultural University  | 484
Chongqing University  | 489
Shanghai University  | 489
Jilin University  | 497
East China Normal University  | 501
Shenzhen University  | 508
Zhengzhou University  | 511
Northwestern Polytechnical University  | 547
Nanjing University of Science and Technology  | 565
Jinan University - Guangdong  | 580
Renmin University of China  | 621-630
China University of Petroleum (Beijing)  | 631-640
East China University of Science and Technology  | 641-650
Soochow University  | 641-650
China University of Mining Technology  | 681-690
Beijing University of Chemical Technology  | 701-710
Nanjing Agricultural University  | 711-720
Lanzhou University  | 721-730
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics  | 761-770
China University of Geosciences Wuhan  | 771-780
Beijing University of Technology  | 801-850
Huazhong Agricultural University  | 801-850
Ocean University of China  | 801-850
Wuhan University of Technology  | 801-850
Donghua University - Shanghai  | 851-900
Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University  | 851-900
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications  | 901-950
Beijing Jiaotong University  | 901-950
Harbin Engineering University  | 1001-1200
Hohai University Changzhou  | 1001-1200
Nanjing Normal University  | 1001-1200
Northwest University  | 1001-1200
Southwest University  | 1001-1200
Jiangnan University  | 1001-1200
Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool University  | 1001-1200
Beijing Foreign Studies University  | 1201-1400
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology  | 1201-1400
China University of Political Science and Law  | 1201-1400
Shanghai International Studies University  | 1201-1400
Shanghai University of Finance and Economics  | 1201-1400
University of International Business and Economics  | 1201-1400
Shanghai Normal University  | 1401-1500

#### Times Higher Education World University Rankings

Institution  | 2026 World Rankings[45]

|

Tsinghua University  | 12
Peking University  | 13
Fudan University  | 36
Zhejiang University  | 39
Shanghai Jiao Tong University  | 40
University of Science and Technology of China  | 51
Nanjing University  | 62
Wuhan University  | 122
Harbin Institute of Technology  | 131
Beijing Normal University  | 134
Tongji University  | 141
Southern University of Science and Technology  | 160
Huazhong University of Science and Technology  | 176
Sun Yat-Sen University  |  201-250
Xi'an Jiaotong University  |  201-250
Beijing Institute of Technology  |  201-250
Sichuan University  |  201-250
Tianjin University  |  201-250
Hunan University  |  251-300
Beihang University  |  251-300
Central South University  |  251-300
East China Normal University  |  251-300
Nankai University  |  251-300
Shandong University  |  251-300
South China University of Technology  |  251-300
Southeast University  |  251-300
Xiamen University  |  251-300
Northwestern Polytechnical University  |  251-300
Southern Medical University  |  251-300
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  |  301-350
Chongqing University  |  351-400
Shenzhen University  |  351-400
Beijing University of Chemical Technology  |  401-500
Dalian University of Technology  |  401-500
Donghua University - Shanghai  |  401-500
Jiangsu University  |  501-600
Jinan University - Guangdong  |  501-600
Northeastern University in China  |  501-600
Shanghai University  |  501-600
University of International Business and Economics  |  501-600
Yangzhou University  |  501-600
Zhejiang University of Technology  |  501-600
China University of Petroleum (Beijing)  |  501-600
Soochow University  |  501-600
Capital University of Medical Sciences  |  601-800
East China University of Science and Technology  |  601-800
Guangdong University of Technology  |  601-800
Harbin Engineering University  |  601-800
Nanjing Forestry University  |  601-800
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics  |  601-800
Nanjing University of Technology  |  601-800
Nanjing University of Science and Technology  |  601-800
Ocean University of China  |  601-800
Qingdao University  |  601-800
South China Normal University  |  601-800
Zhejiang Normal University  |  601-800
Xidian University  |  601-800
Jiangnan University  |  601-800
Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool University  |  601-800
Chengdu University of Technology  |  801-1000
Fuzhou University  |  801-1000
Nanjing Medical University  |  801-1000
Nanjing Normal University  |  801-1000
Northeast Agricultural University  |  801-1000
Northeast Normal University  |  801-1000
Southwest Jiaotong University  |  801-1000
Zhejiang Gongshang University  |  801-1000
Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology  |  801-1000
Guangzhou Medical University  |  801-1000
Wenzhou University  |  801-1000

#### Times Higher Education Most International Universities Ranking

World Ranking[note 1] Institution  | 2022[46]

|

Peking University | 123
Zhejiang University | 133
Tongji University | 138
East China Normal University | 140
Nanjing University | 150
Tsinghua University | 152
Fudan University | 159
Shanghai Jiao Tong University | 161
Beijing Normal University | 168
Xi’an Jiaotong University | 181
Wuhan University | 182
Tianjin University | 184
Sichuan University | 187
Harbin Institute of Technology | 188
Sun Yat-sen University | 189
University of Science and Technology of China | 190
Huazhong University of Science and Technology | 191
Central South University | 193

#### US News Best Global Universities Ranking

World Ranking[note 1] Institution | 2025-2026[47]

|

Tsinghua University | 11
Peking University | 25
Zhejiang University | 45
Shanghai Jiao Tong University | 46
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  | 54
Fudan University | 70
University of Science and Technology of China | 71
Sun Yat Sen University | 85
Nanjing University | 86
Wuhan University  | 90
Huazhong University of Science and Technology | 91
Hunan University  | 109
Southern University of Science and Technology  | 123
Tongji University  | 124
Harbin Institute of Technology | 128
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  | 137
Xi'an Jiaotong University  | 141
Central South University  | 146
Southeast University  | 155
Beijing Institute of Technology  | =156
Shenzhen University  | =156
Nankai University  | =166
South China University of Technology  | =166
Beijing Normal University  | 173
Sichuan University  | =182
Tianjin University  | =182
Xiamen University  | 189
China Agricultural University  | 202
Zhengzhou University  | 203
Beihang University  | =207
Northwestern Polytechnical University  | =207
China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)  | 211
Chongqing University  | 212
East China Normal University  | 230
Shandong University  | 238
Wuhan University of Technology  | 260
Dalian University of Technology  | 261
Jiangsu University  | 271
Northwest A&F University  | 288
Soochow University  | 292
Jilin University  | =296
Shanghai University  | =296
Nanjing Agricultural University  | 302
Westlake University  | 308
Beijing University of Chemical Technology  | 319
ShanghaiTech University  | 330
Huazhong Agricultural University  | 340
Jinan University  | 345
University of Science and Technology Beijing  | 357
Zhejiang Normal University  | 360
Qingdao University  | 361
Nanjing Forestry University  | 374
Jiangnan University  | 376
Fuzhou University  | 383
Renmin University of China  | =394
Central China Normal University  | =394
Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology  | 409
Northeastern University-China  | =445
Xidian University  | =445
Nanjing University of Science and Technology  | 451
Guangzhou University  | 454
Lanzhou University  | 460
Donghua University  | =464
Ocean University of China  | =464
Peking Union Medical College  | =468
Southwestern University of Finance and Economics  | =468
Guangdong University of Technology  | =473
Southwest University  | =473
Hohai University  | 483
Nanjing Normal University  | 492
Anhui University of Finance and Economics  | =500
China University of Petroleum  | =500

### Other Global Rankings

Other international rankings:

* CWTS Leiden Ranking by CWTS Leiden Ranking
* Nature Index by Nature Research
* UTN Rankings by Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities
* SCImago Institutions Rankings by SCImago Institutions Rankings
* The Center for World University Rankings by the Center for World University Rankings (CWUR)
* Webometrics Ranking ranks more than 2500 universities in China by the Webometrics Ranking of World Universities[48]

### Notes

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Order shown in accordance with the latest result.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Only displays Top 10 and orders shown in accordance with the latest result.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "ShanghaiRanking’s Academic Ranking of World Universities 2024 Press Release". http://www.shanghairanking.com/news/arwu/2024.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "U.S. News Releases 2024-2025 Best Global Universities Rankings | Clarivate" (in en-US). https://clarivate.com/news/u-s-news-releases-2024-2025-best-global-universities-rankings/.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "PRESS RELEASE: World University Rankings 2025| CWUR | Center for World University Rankings". https://cwur.org/media.php.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Studies (CWTS), Centre for Science and Technology. "CWTS Leiden Ranking" (in en). https://www.leidenranking.com/ranking/2024/map.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "University Rankings - China 2024". https://www.scimagoir.com/rankings.php?sector=Higher+educ.&country=CHN.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 "URAP - University Ranking by Academic Academic Performance". https://urapcenter.org/Rankings/2024-2025/World_Ranking_2024-2025.
7. ↑ "全国高等学校名单 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站". http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xxgk/s5743/s5744/A03/202110/t20211025_574874.html.
8. ↑ "China to develop 42 world-class universities". People's Daily. 21 September 2017. http://en.people.cn/n3/2017/0921/c90000-9272101.html.
9. ↑ "国家教育部:反对各种机构对大学进行综合性排名_新闻中心_新浪网". https://news.sina.com.cn/c/edu/2006-06-27/15539310917s.shtml.
10. ↑ "ShanghaiRanking’s Academic Ranking of World Universities 2025 Press Release". https://www.shanghairanking.com/news/arwu/2025.
11. ↑ "U.S. News Unveils 2026-2027 Best Global Universities Rankings" (in en-US). https://clarivate.com/news/u-s-news-unveils-2026-2027-best-global-universities-rankings/.
12. ↑ "World University Rankings 2026 | Global 2000 List | CWUR" (in en). https://cwur.org/2026.php.
13. ↑ "URAP - University Ranking by Academic Academic Performance". https://urapcenter.org/Rankings/2025-2026/World_Ranking_2025-2026.
14. ↑ Studies (CWTS), Centre for Science and Technology. "CWTS Leiden Ranking Traditional Edition" (in en). https://traditional.leidenranking.com/.
15. ↑ "University Rankings - China 2025". https://www.scimagoir.com/rankings.php?sector=Higher+educ.&country=CHN.
16. ↑ "China | Ranking Web of Universities: Webometrics ranks 30000 institutions". https://www.webometrics.info/en/Asia/China.
17. ↑ "ShanghaiRanking's Academic Ranking of World Universities". https://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/arwu/2025.
18. ↑ "2026-2027 Best Global Universities Rankings". 2026-06-16. https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/rankings?int=a27a09.
19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 "World University Rankings 2026" (in en). https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/latest/world-ranking.
20. ↑ "Results | ARTU" (in en). https://www.unsw.edu.au/research/artu/artu-results.
21. ↑ "QS University Rankings: BRICS 2019" (in en). 2018-10-02. https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/brics-rankings/2019.
22. ↑ "Emerging Economies" (in en). 2020-01-22. https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2020/emerging-economies-university-rankings.
23. ↑ "QS University Rankings: Asia 2021" (in en). 2020-11-19. https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/asian-university-rankings/2021.
24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 "ShanghaiRanking's Academic Ranking of World Universities". http://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/arwu/2024.
25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 "World University Rankings" (in en). 2024-10-04. https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/latest/world-ranking#!/length/25/locations/CHN/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats.
26. ↑ ROBINSON, BIN W. U. AND BERNADETTE (2015), "Social justice through financial distribution at China's universities: a student survey in Shaanxi Province", in Wu, Bin; Morgan, W. John, Chinese Higher Education Reform and Social Justice, Routledge, doi:10.4324/9781315884691, ISBN 9781134650187, https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315884691-11/social-justice-financial-distribution-china-universities-student-survey-shaanxi-province-bin-bernadette-robinson?context=ubx&refId=496383e2-8e59-4639-b192-e0dbf56f01f7, retrieved 2022-04-26
27. ↑ Liu, Ye (2016-10-08) (in en). The Gaokao as a Meritocratic Selection?. In: Higher Education, Meritocracy and Inequality in China. Higher Education in Asia: Quality, Excellence and Governance.. Springer. pp. 88. ISBN 978-981-10-1588-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=cOw4DQAAQBAJ&dq=Project+985+tier+1&pg=PA88.
28. ↑ "Higher education making steady progress". https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202203/01/WS621dd516a310cdd39bc89969.html.
29. ↑ "ShanghaiRanking's Academic Ranking of World Universities". https://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/arwu/2025.
30. ↑ "US News Best Global Universities 2026-2027". June 16, 2026. https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=beijing.
31. ↑ "ShanghaiRanking's Best Chinese Universities Ranking". http://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/bcur/2023.
32. ↑ 盘点1987-2005中国大学排行榜 (Summarily Counting 1987-2005 Chinese university rankings)
33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 "1989中国第1个大学排行榜，清华南大分列榜首-搜狐". http://mt.sohu.com/20160602/n452443195.shtml.
34. ↑ "Official site displaying only the 2013 version". http://www.netbig.com/.
35. ↑ Kai Yu; Andrea Lynn Stith; Li Liu; Huizhong Chen (24 March 2012). Tertiary Education at a Glance: China: China. Springer. ISBN 9789460917462. https://books.google.com/books?id=KGGIN3FmZWEC&q=popular+university+ranking+in+china+cuaa&pg=PA33.
36. ↑ "About Us". http://www.shanghairanking.com/about-arwu.
37. ↑ "ShanghaiRanking's Academic Ranking of World Universities". https://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/arwu/2025.
38. ↑ "WURI Global Top 100 Innovative Universities Rankings 2021". https://www.wuri.world/global-top-100-innovative-2021.
39. ↑ "WURI Global Top 100 Innovative Universities Rankings 2022". https://www.wuri.world/2022-global-top-100.
40. ↑ Berger, Emery D. (2020). "CSRankings: Computer Science Rankings 2022". https://csrankings.org/#/fromyear/2012/toyear/2022/index?all&cn.
41. ↑ Berger, Emery D. (2020). "CSRankings: Computer Science Rankings 2023". https://csrankings.org/#/index?all&cn.
42. ↑ "CSRankings: Computer Science Rankings 2022". https://airankings.org/.
43. ↑ "CSRankings: Computer Science Rankings 2023". https://airankings.org/.
44. ↑ "QS World University Rankings 2025" (in en). 2024-09-06. https://www.topuniversities.com/world-university-rankings.
45. ↑ "World University Rankings 2026" (in en). https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/latest/world-ranking.
46. ↑ "Times Higher Education Most International Universities Ranking 2022". 25 January 2023. https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/best-universities/most-international-universities-world.
47. ↑ "2025-2026 US NEWS Best Global Universities in China". 2025-06-17. https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/china.
48. ↑ "China | Ranking Web of Universities: Webometrics ranks 30000 institutions". https://www.webometrics.info/en/Asia/China.

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