Mac OS Roman

Short description: Character encoding created by Apple

Not to be confused with HP Roman or Macintosh Latin encoding.

Mac OS RomanMIME / IANA| macintosh

|

Language(s)| English, various others
Created by| Apple Computer, Inc.
Classification| Extended ASCII, Mac OS script
Extends| ASCII, Macintosh character set

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Mac OS Roman is a character encoding created by Apple Computer, Inc. for use by Macintosh computers.[1] It is suitable for representing text in English and several other languages that use the Latin script. Mac OS Roman encodes 256 characters, the first 128 of which are identical to ASCII, with the remaining characters including mathematical symbols, diacritics, and additional punctuation marks. Mac OS Roman is an extension of the original Macintosh character set, which encoded 217 characters.[1] Full support for Mac OS Roman first appeared in System 6.0.4, released in 1989,[2] and the encoding is still supported in current versions of macOS, though the standard character encoding is now UTF-8. Apple modified Mac OS Roman in 1998 with the release of Mac OS 8.5 by replacing the currency sign with the euro sign,[3] but otherwise the encoding has been unchanged since its release.

## Character set

The following table shows how characters are encoded in Mac OS Roman. The row and column headings give the first and second digit of the hexadecimal code for each character in the table.

Mac OS Roman[4][5]

| 0  | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | 7  | 8  | 9  | A  | B  | C  | D  | E  | F
0x  |  NUL |  SOH  |  STX  |  ETX  |  EOT  |  ENQ  |  ACK  |  BEL  |  BS |  HT |  LF |  VT |  FF |  CR |  SO |  SI
1x  |  DLE  |  DC1  |  DC2  |  DC3  |  DC4  |  NAK  |  SYN  |  ETB  |  CAN  |  EM |  SUB  |  ESC |  FS |  GS |  RS |  US
2x  |  SP |  ! |  "  |  #  |  $  |  %  |  & |  '  |  (  |  )  |  *  |  \+  |  ,  |  \-  |  .  |  /
3x  |  0 |  1 |  2 |  3 |  4 |  5 |  6 |  7 |  8 |  9 |  :  |  ;  |  < |  = |  > |  ?
4x  |  @  |  A  |  B  |  C  |  D  |  E  |  F  |  G  |  H |  I  |  J  |  K  |  L  |  M  |  N  |  O
5x  |  P  |  Q |  R  |  S  |  T  |  U  |  V  |  W  |  X  |  Y  |  Z  |  [ |  \ |  ] |  ^  |  [[Underscore|]]
6x  |  `  |  a  |  b  |  c  |  d  |  e  |  f  |  g  |  h |  i  |  j  |  k  |  l  |  m  |  n  |  o
7x  |  p  |  q |  r  |  s  |  t  |  u  |  v  |  w  |  x  |  y  |  z  |  { |  | |  } |  ~ |  DEL
8x  |  Ä  |  Å  |  Ç  |  É  |  Ñ  |  Ö  |  Ü  |  á  |  à  |  â  |  ä  |  ã  |  å  |  ç  |  é  |  è
9x  |  ê  |  ë  |  í  |  ì  |  î  |  ï  |  ñ  |  ó  |  ò  |  ô  |  ö  |  õ  |  ú  |  ù  |  û  |  ü
Ax  |  †  |  ° |  ¢ |  £ |  §  |  •  |  ¶  |  ß  |  ®  |  ©  |  ™  |  ´  |  ¨  |  ≠ |  Æ  |  Ø
Bx  |  ∞ |  ±  |  ≤ |  ≥ |  ¥  |  µ  |  ∂ |  ∑ |  ∏ |  π |  ∫ |  ª  |  º  |  Ω[lower-alpha 1] |  æ  |  ø
Cx  |  ¿  |  ¡  |  ¬ |  √ |  ƒ  |  ≈ |  ∆  |  « |  »  |  … |  NBSP  |  À  |  Ã  |  Õ  |  Œ  |  œ
Dx  |  –  |  —  |  “  |  ”  |  ‘  |  ’  |  ÷ |  ◊  |  ÿ  |  Ÿ  |  ⁄  |  €[lower-alpha 2] |  ‹ |  ›  |  ﬁ |  ﬂ
Ex  |  ‡  |  ·  |  ‚  |  „  |  ‰  |  Â  |  Ê  |  Á  |  Ë  |  È  |  Í  |  Î  |  Ï  |  Ì  |  Ó  |  Ô
Fx  | 12px[lower-alpha 3] |  Ò  |  Ú  |  Û  |  Ù  |  ı  |  ˆ  |  ˜ |  ¯  |  ˘  |  ˙  |  ˚  |  ¸  |  ˝  |  ˛  |  ˇ

1. ↑ Prior to December 1997, Apple's mapping published on Unicode.org mapped this character to U+2126 OHM SIGN.[5]
2. ↑ Before Mac OS 8.5, the character at position 0xDB was the generic currency sign (¤).[5]
3. ↑ The character at position 0xF0 is a solid Apple logo. Apple uses Unicode character U+F8FF in the Corporate Private Use Area for this character, but it may not be supported on non-Apple systems.

## See also

* Western Latin character sets (computing)

## Notes

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Apple Computer, Inc. (1993). Inside Macintosh: Text. Addison Wesley Publishing Company. p. 1-53. ISBN 0-201-63298-5. https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/mac/pdf/Text.pdf#page=88. Retrieved July 10, 2021.
2. ↑ Apple Computer, Inc. (1991). Inside Macintosh, Volume VI. Addison-Wesley. p. 14-104. ISBN 0-201-57755-0.
3. ↑ Apple Computer, Inc. (September 14, 1998). "Technical Note TN1104: The Euro Currency Symbol". https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/technotes/tn/tn1140.html.
4. ↑ Inside Macintosh: Text. Apple Computer, Inc.. 1993. pp. 1-54, A-5–A-18. ISBN 0-201-63298-5. https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/mac/pdf/Text.pdf#page=89. Retrieved July 10, 2021.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "ROMAN.TXT". Apple Computer, Inc.. 5 April 2005. https://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/APPLE/ROMAN.TXT.

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Character encodings

Early telecommunications|

* ASCII
* ISO/IEC 646
* ISO/IEC 6937 / ITU T.51
* ITU T.61
* BCDIC
* Baudot code
* Morse code
* Telegraph code
* Wabun code
* Special telegraphy codes
* Non-Latin
* Chinese
* Cyrillic
* Needle telegraph codes

ISO/IEC 8859|

* Approved
* -1
* -2
* -3
* -4
* -5
* -6
* -7
* -8
* -9
* -10
* -11
* -13
* -14
* -15
* -16
* Abandoned
* -12
* Adaptations
* ISO-IR-182
* ISO-IR-200
* ISO-IR-201
* Proposed but not approved
* ISO-IR-111
* ISO-IR-197
* French/Dutch/Turkish draft

Bibliographic use|

* ANSEL
* ISO 5426 / 5426-2 / 5427 / 5428 / 6438 / 6861 / 6862 / 10585 / 10586 / 10754 / 11822
* MARC-8

National standards|

* ArmSCII
* BraSCII
* CNS 11643
* ELOT 927
* GOST 10859
* GB 18030
* HKSCS
* I.S. 434
* ISCII
* JIS X 0201
* JIS X 0208
* JIS X 0212
* JIS X 0213
* KOI-7
* KPS 9566
* KS X 1001
* PASCII
* SI 960
* TIS-620
* TSCII
* VISCII
* VSCII
* YUSCII

ISO/IEC 2022|

* 7-bit
* CN
* CN-EXT
* JP
* JP-EXT
* JP-1
* JP-2
* JP-3
* KR
* ISO/IEC 4873
* ISO/IEC 8859
* ISO/IEC 10367
* Extended Unix Code / EUC
* CN
* KR
* JP
* TW
* CCCII

MacOS code pages
("scripts")|

* Armenian
* Arabic
* Barents Cyrillic
* Celtic
* CentEuro
* ChineseSimp / EUC-CN
* ChineseTrad / Big5
* Croatian
* Cyrillic
* Devanagari
* Dingbats
* Farsi (Persian)
* Gaelic
* Georgian
* Greek
* Gujarati
* Gurmukhi
* Hebrew
* Iceland
* Inuit
* Japanese / ShiftJIS
* Keyboard
* Korean / EUC-KR
* Latin (Kermit)
* Maltese/Esperanto
* Ogham / I.S. 434
* Roman
* Romanian
* Sámi
* Symbol
* Thai / TIS-620
* Turkish
* Turkic Cyrillic
* Ukrainian
* VT100

DOS code pages|

* 100
* 111
* 112
* 113
* 151
* 152
* 161
* 162
* 163
* 164
* 165
* 166
* 210
* 220
* 301
* 437
* 449
* 489
* 620
* 667
* 668
* 707
* 708
* 709
* 710
* 711
* 714
* 715
* 720
* 721
* 737
* 768
* 770
* 771
* 772
* 773
* 774
* 775
* 776
* 777
* 778
* 790
* 850
* 851
* 852
* 853
* 854
* 855/872
* 856
* 857
* 858
* 859
* 860
* 861
* 862
* 863
* 864/17248
* 865
* 866/808
* 867
* 868
* 869
* 874/1161/1162
* 876
* 877
* 878
* 881
* 882
* 883
* 884
* 885
* 891
* 895
* 896
* 897
* 898
* 899
* 900
* 903
* 904
* 906
* 907
* 909
* 910
* 911
* 926
* 927
* 928
* 929
* 932
* 934
* 936
* 938
* 941
* 942
* 943
* 944
* 946
* 947
* 948
* 949
* 950/1370
* 951
* 966
* 991
* 1034
* 1039
* 1040
* 1041
* 1042
* 1043
* 1044
* 1046
* 1086
* 1088
* 1092
* 1093
* 1098
* 1108
* 1109
* 1114
* 1115
* 1116
* 1117
* 1118
* 1119
* 1125/848
* 1126
* 1127
* 1131/849
* 1139
* 1167
* 1168
* 1300
* 1351
* 1361
* 1362
* 1363
* 1372
* 1373
* 1374
* 1375
* 1380
* 1381
* 1385
* 1386
* 1391
* 1392
* 1393
* 1394
* 57781
* 58152
* 58210
* 58335
* 59234
* 59829
* 60258
* 60853
* 61282
* 62306
* CS Indic
* CSX Indic
* CSX+ Indic
* CWI-2
* Iran System
* Kamenický
* KOI8
* Mazovia
* MIK

IBM AIX code pages|

* 367
* 371
* 806
* 813
* 819
* 895
* 896
* 912
* 913
* 914
* 915
* 916
* 919
* 920
* 921/901
* 922/902
* 923
* 952
* 953
* 954
* 955
* 956
* 957
* 958
* 959
* 960
* 961
* 963
* 964
* 965
* 970
* 971
* 1004
* 1006
* 1008
* 1009
* 1010
* 1011
* 1012
* 1013
* 1014
* 1015
* 1016
* 1017
* 1018
* 1019
* 1029
* 1036
* 1089
* 1111
* 1124
* 1129/1163
* 1133
* 1350
* 1382
* 1383

IBM Apple MacIntosh
emulations|

* 1275
* 1280
* 1281
* 1282
* 1283
* 1284
* 1285
* 1286

IBM Adobe emulations|

* 1038
* 1276
* 1277

IBM DEC emulations|

* 1020
* 1021
* 1023
* 1090
* 1100
* 1101
* 1102
* 1103
* 1104
* 1105
* 1106
* 1107
* 1287
* 1288

IBM HP emulations|

* 1050
* 1051
* 1052
* 1053
* 1054
* 1055
* 1056
* 1057
* 1058

Windows code pages|

* CER-GS
* 874/1162 (TIS-620)
* 932/943 (Shift JIS)
* 936/1386 (GBK)
* 950/1370 (Big5)
* 949/1363 (EUC-KR)
* 1169
* 1174
* Extended Latin-8
* 1200 (UTF-16LE)
* 1201 (UTF-16BE)
* 1250
* 1251
* 1252
* 1253
* 1254
* 1255
* 1256
* 1257
* 1258
* 1261
* 1270
* 54936 (GB18030)
* 65001 (UTF-8)

EBCDIC EBCDIC code pages|

* 1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 8
* 9
* 10
* 11
* 12
* 13
* 14
* 15
* 16
* 17
* 18
* 19
* 20
* 21
* 22
* 23
* 24
* 25
* 26
* 27
* 28
* 29
* 30
* 31
* 32
* 33
* 34
* 35
* 36
* 37/1140
* 37-2
* 38
* 39
* 40
* 251
* 252
* 254
* 256
* 257
* 258
* 259
* 260
* 264
* 273/1141
* 274
* 275
* 276
* 277/1142
* 278/1143
* 279
* 280/1144
* 281
* 282
* 283
* 284/1145
* 285/1146
* 286
* 287
* 288
* 289
* 290
* 293
* 297/1147
* 298
* 300
* 310
* 320
* 321
* 322
* 330
* 351
* 352
* 353
* 355
* 357
* 358
* 359
* 360
* 361
* 363
* 382
* 383
* 384
* 385
* 386
* 387
* 388
* 389
* 390
* 391
* 392
* 393
* 394
* 395
* 410
* 420/16804
* 421
* 423
* 424/8616/12712
* 425
* 435
* 500/1148
* 803
* 829
* 833
* 834
* 835
* 836
* 837
* 838/1160
* 839
* 870/1110/1153
* 871/1149
* 875/4971/9067
* 880
* 881
* 882
* 883
* 884
* 885
* 886
* 887
* 888
* 889
* 890
* 892
* 893
* 905
* 918
* 924
* 930/1390
* 931
* 933/1364
* 935/1388
* 937/1371
* 939/1399
* 1001
* 1002
* 1003
* 1005
* 1007
* 1024
* 1025/1154
* 1026/1155
* 1027
* 1028
* 1030
* 1031
* 1032
* 1033
* 1037
* 1047
* 1068
* 1069
* 1070
* 1071
* 1073
* 1074
* 1075
* 1076
* 1077
* 1078
* 1079
* 1080
* 1081
* 1082
* 1083
* 1084
* 1085
* 1087
* 1091
* 1097
* 1112/1156
* 1113
* 1122/1157
* 1123/1158
* 1130/1164
* 1132
* 1136
* 1137
* 1150
* 1151
* 1152
* 1159
* 1165
* 1166
* 1278
* 1279
* 1303
* 1364
* 1376
* 1377
* JEF
* KEIS

DEC terminals (VTx)|

* Multinational (MCS)
* National Replacement (NRCS)
* French Canadian
* Swiss
* Spanish
* United Kingdom
* Dutch
* Finnish
* French
* Norwegian and Danish
* Swedish
* Norwegian and Danish (alternative)
* 8-bit Greek
* 8-bit Turkish
* 7-bit Hebrew
* 8-bit Hebrew
* Special Graphics
* Technical (TCS)

Platform specific|

* Acorn
* Adobe Standard
* Adobe Latin 1
* Amstrad CPC
* Apple I
* Apple II
* Apple III
* ATASCII
* Atari ST
* BICS
* Casio calculators
* CDC
* Compucolor II
* DEC Radix-50
* DEC MCS/NRCS
* DG International
* ELWRO-Junior
* FIELDATA
* GEM
* GEOS
* GSM 03.38
* HP Roman Extension
* HP Roman-8
* HP Roman-9
* HP FOCAL
* HP RPL
* LICS
* LMBCS
* Mattel Aquarius
* Minitel
* MSX
* NEC APC
* NeXT
* OricSCII
* PCW
* PETSCII
* Sega SC-3000
* Sharp calculators
* Sharp MZ
* Sinclair QL
* Teletext
* TI calculators
* TRS-80
* Ventura International
* Ventura Symbol
* Videotex
* WISCII
* XCCS
* ZX80
* ZX81
* ZX Spectrum

Unicode / ISO/IEC 10646|

* UTF-1
* UTF-7
* UTF-8
* UTF-16 (UTF-16LE/UTF-16BE) / UCS-2
* UTF-32 (UTF-32LE/UTF-32BE) / UCS-4
* UTF-EBCDIC
* GB 18030
* BOCU-1
* CESU-8
* SCSU

TeX typesetting system|

* Cork
* LGR
* LY1
* OML
* OMS
* OMX
* OT1
* OT2
* OT3
* OT4
* T2A
* T2B
* T2C
* T2D
* T3
* T4
* T5
* TS1
* TS3
* U
* X2

Miscellaneous code pages|

* ABICOMP
* APL
* 293
* 310 (Graphic Escape)
* 351 (GDDM)
* 907 (OEM)
* ISO-IR-68
* ARIB STD-B24
* HZ
* IEC-P27-1
* INIS
* 7-bit
* 8-bit
* Cyrillic
* ISO-IR-169
* ISO 2033
* Johab
* SEASCII
* Stanford/ITS
* TACE16
* TRON
* UTF-5
* UTF-6
* WTF-8

Related topics|

* Code page
* Control character (C0 C1)
* CCSID
* Character encodings in HTML
* Charset detection
* Han unification
* Hardware
* ISO 6429/IEC 6429/ANSI X3.64
* Mojibake

Character sets

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