Hillary Clinton

See also: Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016

Hillary Clinton

Democratic Party

Prior offices

First Lady of Arkansas

* * *

First Lady of the United States

* * *

U.S. Senate New York

Successor: Kirsten Gillibrand

* * *

U.S. Secretary of State

* * *

Elections and appointments

Last election

November 8, 2016

Education

High school

Maine South High School

Bachelor's

Wellesley College

Law

Yale Law School

Personal

Religion

Christian: Baptist

Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (b. October 26, 1947, in Chicago, Illinois) served as the Secretary of State of the United States of America from 2009-2013. She is also a former Democratic member of the U.S. Senate from the state of New York. Clinton served in the Senate from 2001-2009. She was the first former first lady to serve in the U.S. Senate and in a president's cabinet.[1]

Clinton ran for president of the United States in 2016, receiving the Democratic nomination at the 2016 Democratic National Convention on July 26, 2016. She was defeated by Donald Trump in the general election on November 8, 2016.[2]

Clinton is the wife of former President Bill Clinton and served as the first lady during President Clinton's two terms. She also ran in the Democratic presidential primary in 2008 against Barack Obama.[3]

## Contents

* 1 Biography
* 2 Career
* 3 Secretary of state
* 4 Issues
* 4.1 U.S. Senator
* 4.1.1 Legislative action
* 4.1.1.1 Troubled Asset Relief Program
* 4.1.1.2 Secure Fence Act
* 4.1.1.3 Iraq War
* 4.1.1.4 No Child Left Behind
* 4.1.1.5 Patriot Act
* 5 Elections
* 5.1 2016
* 5.1.1 Presidency
* 5.2 2008
* 5.2.1 Presidency
* 5.3 2006
* 5.3.1 Senate
* 5.4 2000
* 5.4.1 Senate
* 6 Campaign donors
* 6.1 2006
* 6.1.1 Cost per vote
* 7 Analysis
* 7.1 Department budget
* 7.2 Ideology and leadership
* 7.2.1 2009
* 7.3 Net worth
* 7.3.1 2011
* 7.3.2 2010
* 8 After the 2016 presidential campaign
* 8.1 Involvement in 2018 primaries
* 9 Personal
* 10 Recent news
* 11 See also
* 12 External links
* 13 Footnotes

## Biography[edit]

Born in Chicago, Illinois, Clinton attended Maine East High School until being redistricted during her senior year to Maine South High School.[4] She went on to earn a degree from Wellesley College before attaining a J.D. from Yale Law School. She met future husband Bill Clinton at Yale.[3]

As a high schooler, Clinton was an active Republican, even campaigning for Barry Goldwater in 1964. After her first year at Wellesley, she changed her views and became a Democrat.[5] She stayed politically active throughout her college years, working for Walter Mondale and George McGovern's presidential campaign.[3]

## Career[edit]

Below is an abbreviated outline of Clinton's academic, professional, and political career:[3]

* 1969: Graduated from Wellesley College
* 1973: Earned J.D. from Yale Law School
* 1973-1974: Attorney for the Children's Defense Fund
* 1974: Member of the presidential impeachment inquiry staff during the Watergate Scandal
* 1974-1977: Director of Legal Aid Clinic and Assistant Professor at the University of Arkansas School of Law
* 1976-1979: Attorney at Rose Law Firm
* 1978: Member of board of directors of Legal Services Corp.
* 1979-1980: Assistant Professor at the University of Arkansas School of Law
* 1979-1992: Partner at Rose Law Firm
* 1979: Chairperson of the Rural Health Advisory Committee
* 1983: Director of the Arkansas Education Standards Committee
* 1992-2001: First lady of the United States
* 1993: Leader of Task Force on National Healthcare Reform
* 2001-2009: United States Senator from New York
* 2003: Author of "Living History"
* 2007: Presidential candidate for 2008 Democratic primary
* 2008: Suspended presidential campaign
* 2009-2013: U.S. Secretary of State

## Secretary of state[edit]

President Barack Obama nominated Clinton as secretary of state on December 1, 2008. "Hillary's appointment is a sign to friend and foe of the seriousness of my commitment to renew American diplomacy and restore our alliances," Obama said during a press conference to announce his national security team.[6]

On January 1, 2009, Clinton was confirmed by the Senate in a 94-2 vote. Sens. Jim DeMint (R-S.C.) and David Vitter (R-La.) voted against her confirmation.[7]

Hillary Rodham Clinton confirmation vote, January 21, 2009

Party | Votes for a | Votes against d | Total votes
Democrats  | 53 | 0 | 53
Republicans | 39 | 2 | 41
Independents | 0 | 0 | 0
Total Votes | 92 | 2 | 94

## Issues[edit]

For a full profile on Clinton's policy positions, please see: Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016

### U.S. Senator[edit]

#### Legislative action[edit]

##### Troubled Asset Relief Program[edit]

Clinton voted in support of HR 1424 - Financial Asset Purchase Authority and Tax Law Amendments. The bill passed the Senate on October 1, 2008, by a vote of 74-25. The bill authorized the formation of the Troubled Asset Relief Program for the Treasury Secretary to buy troubled assets from financial institutions. Voting was split in both parties.[8]

##### Secure Fence Act[edit]

Clinton voted in support of HR 6061 - Secure Fence Act of 2006. The bill passed on September 29, 2006, by a vote of 80-19. The bill authorized the construction of 700 miles of additional fencing along the United States-Mexico border. The Democratic Party split on the vote.[9]

##### Iraq War[edit]

Clinton voted in support of HJ Res 114 - Use of Military Force Against Iraq. The resolution passed on October 11, 2002, by a vote of 77-23. The resolution authorized the use of the United States military against Iraq. The Democratic Party split on the vote.[10]

##### No Child Left Behind[edit]

Clinton voted in support of HR 1 - No Child Left Behind Act. The bill passed on December 18, 2001, by a vote of 87-10. The bill implemented annual testing of students and cut funding to schools that achieved sub-standard test results. The bill was largely supported by both parties.[11]

##### Patriot Act[edit]

Clinton voted in support of HR 3162 - USA Patriot Act of 2001. The bill passed on October 25, 2001, by a vote of 98-1. The bill allowed law enforcement more authority in searching homes, tapping phone lines and tracking internet information while searching for suspected terrorists.[12]

## Elections[edit]

### 2016[edit]

#### Presidency[edit]

See also: Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016 and Presidential election, 2016

Clinton was defeated by Donald Trump in the 2016 general election.

See also: Splits between the Electoral College and popular vote

U.S. presidential election, 2016

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | Electoral votes
| Democratic  |  Hillary Clinton/Tim Kaine | 48.3% | 65,844,969 | 227
| Republican  | Donald Trump/Mike Pence | 46.2% | 62,979,984 | 304
| Libertarian  |  Gary Johnson/Bill Weld | 3.3% | 4,492,919 | 0
| Green  |  Jill Stein/Ajamu Baraka | 1.1% | 1,449,370 | 0
| \-  |  Other  | 1.2% | 1,684,908 | 7
Total Votes | 136,452,150 | 538
Election results via: Ballotpedia

Note: Trump and Clinton were projected to receive 306 and 232 electoral votes, respectively. Seven electors, however, cast votes for other candidates. Read about what happened here. The results listed above are based on reports from state secretary of state offices and election boards.

### 2008[edit]

#### Presidency[edit]

Clinton ran for the Democratic presidential nomination but was defeated by Barack Obama, who went on to win the 2008 presidential race.[13]

### 2006[edit]

#### Senate[edit]

On November 7, 2006, Hillary Clinton won re-election to the United States Senate. She defeated John Spencer (R), Howie Hawkins (G), Jeffrey T. Russell (L), Roger Calero (Socialist Workers) and William Van Auken (Socialist Equality) in the general election.[14]

U.S. Senate, New York General Election, 2006

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes
| Democratic  | Hillary Clinton incumbent | 64% | 3,008,428
| Republican  |  John Spencer  | 29.6% | 1,392,189
| Green  |  Howie Hawkins  | 1.2% | 55,469
| Libertarian  |  Jeffrey T. Russell  | 0.4% | 20,996
| Socialist Workers  |  Roger Calero  | 0.1% | 6,967
| Socialist Equality  |  William Van Auken  | 0.1% | 6,004
| N/A  |  Blank/Void/Scattering  | 4.5% | 210,579
Total Votes | 4,700,632

### 2000[edit]

#### Senate[edit]

On November 7, 2000, Hillary Clinton won election to the United States Senate. She defeated Rick Lazio (R), Mark J. Dunau (G), Jeffrey E. Graham (Independence), John O. Adefope (Right to Life), John Clifton (L), Louis P. Wein (Constitution) and Jacob J. Perasso (Socialist Workers) in the general election.[15]

U.S. Senate, New York General Election, 2000

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes
| Democratic  | Hillary Clinton | 53.8% | 3,747,310
| Republican  |  Rick Lazio  | 41.9% | 2,915,730
| Independence  |  Jeffrey E. Graham  | 0.6% | 43,181
| Green  |  Mark J. Dunau  | 0.6% | 40,991
| Right to Life  |  John O. Adefope  | 0.3% | 21,439
| Libertarian  |  John Clifton  | 0.1% | 4,734
| Constitution  |  Louis P. Wein  | 0% | 3,414
| Socialist Workers  |  Jacob J. Perasso  | 0% | 3,040
| N/A  |  Blank/Void/Scattering  | 2.6% | 179,823
Total Votes | 6,959,662

## Campaign donors[edit]

* * *

The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may not represent all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer, and campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.

* * *

Hillary Clinton campaign contribution history

Year | Office | Result | Contributions
2006 | U.S. Senate (New York) |  | $51,567,732
2000 | U.S. Senate (New York) |  | $31,609,673
Grand total raised | $83,177,405
Source: [[16] Follow the Money]

### 2006[edit]

Breakdown of the source of Clinton's campaign funds before the 2006 election.

Clinton won election to the U.S. Senate in 2006. During that election cycle, Clinton's campaign committee raised a total of $51,567,723 and spent $40,828,991.[17]

#### Cost per vote[edit]

Clinton spent $13.57 per vote received in 2006.

United States Senate, 2006 - Hillary Clinton Campaign Contributions

Total Raised | $51,567,723
Total Spent | $40,828,991
Total Raised by General Election Opponent | $5,849,610
Total Spent by General Election Opponent | $5,660,688
Top contributors to Hillary Clinton's campaign committee
Citigroup Inc| $236,610
Goldman Sachs| $205,670
MetLife Inc| $156,060
Time Warner| $146,390
Corning Inc| $135,750
Top 5 industries that contributed to campaign committee
Lawyers/Law Firms| $4,307,478
Securities & Investment| $2,744,933
Real Estate| $2,308,936
Retired| $2,085,759
TV/Movies/Music| $1,356,273

## Analysis[edit]

### Department budget[edit]

U.S. Department of State[18] Annual Budget

Year| Budget (in billions)| % Difference from previous year
2012| $50.9| 9.94%
2011| $46.3| −0.43%
2010| $46.5| −11.6%
2009| $52.6| N/A

* Note: 2014 only represents the Department's budget request, not an enacted budget.

### Ideology and leadership[edit]

See also: GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking

#### 2009[edit]

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Clinton was a rank-and-file Democrat as a senator.[19]

### Net worth[edit]

See also: Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives

#### 2011[edit]

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Clinton's net worth as of 2011 was estimated between $5,710,008.00 and $26,551,000.00. That averages to $16,130,504.00, which ranked sixth among members of the executive branch. Her average calculated net worth[20] decreased by 48.3 percent from 2010.[21]

#### 2010[edit]

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Clinton's net worth as of 2010 was estimated between $10,740,011.00 and $51,654,000.00. That averages to $31,197,005.50, which ranked fifth among members of the executive branch.[22]

## After the 2016 presidential campaign[edit]

### Involvement in 2018 primaries[edit]

In Florida’s 27th Congressional District, Clinton endorsed Donna Shalala in the race for what some observers called the most vulnerable Republican district in the country. Shalala, a former Clinton administration official and head of the Clinton Foundation, faced a challenge from state Rep. David Richardson, a supporter of Medicare for All.

Clinton also endorsed New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo in his re-election bid. He faced former Sex and the City star Cynthia Nixon, who called herself a progressive alternative to Cuomo.

## Personal[edit]

Note: Please contact us if the personal information below requires an update.
Clinton is married to former U.S. President Bill Clinton. They have one daughter, Chelsea.

## Recent news[edit]

The link below is to the most recent stories in a Google news search for Hillary + Clinton

Hillary Clinton News Feed

## See also[edit]

* John Kerry
* U.S. Department of State
* Presidential election, 2016

## External links[edit]

| Suggest a link

|

* Social media:
* Twitter
* Biographies:
* U.S. Congress
* NNDB
* Wikipedia
* Political profiles:
* GovTrack
* OpenCongress
* Project Vote Smart
* Roll Call
* Fact-checking:
* FactCheck
* PolitiFact
* Snopes
* Financial (federal level):
* FEC contributions
* OpenSecrets.org
* LegiStorm.com
* Interest group ratings:
* Project Vote Smart
* Issue positions:
* On The Issues
* Project Vote Smart
* Legislation:
* Congress.gov
* Public statements:
* Project Vote Smart
* Voting record:
* Project Vote Smart
* Washington Post
* Works by or about:
* WorldCat
* Media appearances:
* C-SPAN
* IMDb
* Media coverage:
* Bloomberg
* Guardian
* New York Times
* Washington Post

* * *

* Column archive at The Guardian
* Column archive at The Huffington Post

## Footnotes[edit]

1. ↑ NPR, "Obama Brings Hillary to Cabinet, GOP to Ariz. State House," December 1, 2008
2. ↑ The New York Times, "Hillary Clinton Will Run for President in 2016," accessed April 12, 2015
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Biography.com, "Hillary Clinton," accessed September 5, 2013
4. ↑ Park Ridge Public Library, "Hillary Rodham Clinton," accessed September 5, 2013
5. ↑ FactCheck.org, "Hillary Worked for Goldwater?" March 27, 2008
6. ↑ NPR, "Obama Names Hillary Clinton, Gates To Cabinet," December 1, 2008
7. ↑ New York Times, "Senate Vote 6 - On the Nomination," January 21, 2009
8. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "HR 1424 - Financial Asset Purchase Authority and Tax Law Amendments," accessed September 24, 2013
9. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "HR 6061 - Secure Fence Act of 2006," accessed September 24, 2013
10. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "HJ Res 114 - Use of Military Force Against Iraq," accessed September 24, 2013
11. ↑ Project Votes Smart, "HR 1 - No Child Left Behind Act," accessed September 24, 2013
12. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "HR 3162 - USA Patriot Act of 2001," accessed September 24, 2013
13. ↑ The Guardian, "US elections: Barack Obama wins Democratic nomination for president," June 3, 2008
14. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
15. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013
16. ↑ OpenSecrets, "Career Fundraising for Hillary Clinton," September 2013
17. ↑ OpenSecrets, "2006 Election Cycle, Hillary Clinton," accessed September 20, 2013
18. ↑ U.S. Department of State, "Budget and Planning - International Affairs Budget," accessed January 31, 2014
19. ↑ GovTrack, "Hillary Clinton," accessed September 17, 2013
20. ↑ This figure represents the total percentage growth from either 2004 (if the member entered office in 2004 or earlier) or the member's first year in office (as noted in the chart below).
21. ↑ OpenSecrets, "Clinton, (D-NY), 2011," accessed September 24, 2013
22. ↑ OpenSecrets, "Hillary Clinton, 2010," accessed September 24, 2013

Political offices

Preceded by
Condoleeza Rice | U.S. Secretary of State
2009-2013  | Succeeded by
John Kerry
Preceded by
Daniel Patrick Moynihan | U.S. Senate \- New York
2001-2009  | Succeeded by
Kirsten Gillibrand
Preceded by
Barbara Bush | First lady of the United States
1993-2001  | Succeeded by
Laura Bush

v • e

State of New York
Albany (capital)

|

Elections |

What's on my ballot? | Elections in 2024 | How to vote | How to run for office | Ballot measures

Government |

Who represents me? | U.S. President | U.S. Congress | Federal courts | State executives | State legislature | State and local courts | Counties | Cities | School districts | Public policy

v • e

Hillary Clinton

Overviews|

Hillary Clinton • Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016

* * *

Family|

Husband: Former President Bill Clinton • Daughter: Chelsea Clinton • Clinton Foundation

* * *

Career|

"Hillarycare" • Tenure as U.S. senator • Tenure as secretary of state • Benghazi • Hillary Clinton email investigation

* * *

Clinton and the media|

The media's coverage of Hillary Clinton

* * *

Campaign staff|

Campaign manager: Robby Mook • Campaign chairman: John Podesta • Vice chair: Huma Abedin • Senior policy advisors: Jake Sullivan, Maya Harris • Political director: Amanda Renteria • Communications director: Jennifer Palmieri • Media advisor: Jim Margolis • Chief strategist and pollster: Joel Benenson • African American outreach director: LaDavia Drane • Director of state campaigns and political engagement: Marlon Marshall

* * *

On the issues|

Taxes • Banking policy • Government regulations • International trade • Budgets • Federal assistance programs • Labor and employment • Foreign affairs • Federalism • Energy and environmental policy • Healthcare • Immigration • Education • Abortion • Gay rights • Civil liberties

* * *

v • e

U.S. Executive Branch

Elected offices|

President Joe Biden • Vice President Kamala Harris

* * *

Executive departments|

Department of Defense • Department of State • Department of Homeland Security • Department of Justice • Department of Commerce • Department of Education • Department of the Treasury • Department of Agriculture • Department of Energy • Department of Labor • Department of Transportation • Department of the Interior • Department of Health and Human Services • Department of Veterans Affairs • Department of Housing and Urban Development

* * *

Cabinet-level offices|

Environmental Protection Agency • Office of Management and Budget • U.S. Mission to the United Nations • Council of Economic Advisors • Small Business Administration • White House Chief of Staff

* * *

Federally appointed offices|

Federal Reserve System • National Security Advisor • White House Press Secretary • U.S. Postmaster General • Central Intelligence Agency • Federal Bureau of Investigation • Internal Revenue Service • Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives • National Security Agency • Congressional Budget Office • Federal Election Commission • Transportation Security Administration • Drug Enforcement Administration • Federal Communications Commission

* * *

Glossary|

Appointment confirmation process • United States Constitution • Electoral College • Deferred action • Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) • Deferred Action for Parents of U.S. Citizens and Lawful Permanent Residents (DAPA) • Impeachment of federal officials • Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) • North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) • P5+1 and E3+3 • Trade adjustment assistance (TAA) • Trade promotion authority (TPA)

* * *