International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics

Abbreviation| IUGG
Formation| 1919; 107 years ago (1919)
Type| INGO
Location|

* Potsdam, Germany

Region served

| Worldwide

Official language

| English, French

President

| Chris Rizos (Australia)

Secretary General

| Alexander Rudloff (Germany)

Treasurer

| Niels Andersen (Denmark)

Executive Secretary

| Franz Kuglitsch (Germany)
Website| {{{1}}}

The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG; French: Union géodésique et géophysique internationale, UGGI) is an international non-governmental organization dedicated to the scientific study of Earth and its space environment using geophysical and geodetic techniques. The IUGG is a member of the International Science Council (ISC), which is composed of international scholarly and scientific institutions and national academies of sciences.

## Contents

* 1 History
* 2 Objectives
* 3 Structures
* 4 General Assemblies, Presidents, and Secretaries General
* 5 See also
* 6 References
* 7 External links
* 7.1 Archival collections

## History

The IUGG was established in Brussels, Belgium in 1919.[1][2][3][4][5]

## Objectives

IUGG's objectives are the promotion and coordination of studies related to Earth's physical, chemical and mathematical representation. This includes geometrical shape, internal structure, gravity and magnetic fields, seismicity, volcanism, hydrologic cycle, glaciers, oceans, atmosphere, ionosphere, and magnetosphere of Earth. It also includes solar, lunar and planetary studies.[6] Some areas within its scope are environmental preservation, reduction of the effects of natural hazards, and mineral resources.

## Structures

The IUGG consists of eight semi-autonomous associations:[7]

* International Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS)
* International Association of Geodesy (IAG)
* International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA)
* International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS)
* International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (IAMAS)
* International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Oceans (IAPSO)
* International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI)
* International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI)

It has also established six commissions to promote interdisciplinary problems:[8]

* Climatic and Environmental Changes (CCEC)
* Mathematical Geophysics (CMG)
* Geophysical Risk and Sustainability (GRC)
* Study of the Earth's Deep Interior (SEDI)
* Data and Information (UCDI)
* Planetary Sciences (UCPS)

and the Union Working Group on History.

## General Assemblies, Presidents, and Secretaries General

List of General Assemblies, Presidents, and Secretaries-General.[9]

Nr. | Year | General Assembly in | President | Secretary-General

|
|
|
|

28. | 2023 | Berlin |  Germany | 2023-2027 | Chris Rizos |  Australia |  |  |
27. | 2019 | Montreal |  Canada | 2019-2023 | Kathryn Whaler |  United Kingdom | 2019-2023 | Alexander Rudloff |  Germany
26. | 2015 | Prague |  Czech Republic | 2015-2019 | Michael Sideris |  Canada | 2015-2019 | Alik Ismail-Zadeh |  Germany /  Russia
25. | 2011 | Melbourne |  Australia | 2011-2015 | Harsh Gupta |  India | 2011-2015 | Alik Ismail-Zadeh |  Germany /  Russia
24. | 2007 | Perugia |  Italy | 2007-2011 | Tom Beer |  Australia | 2007-2011 | Alik Ismail-Zadeh |  Germany /  Russia
23. | 2003 | Sapporo |  Japan | 2003-2007 | Uri Shamir |  Israel | 2003-2007 | JoAnn Joselyn |  United States
22. | 1999 | Birmingham |  United Kingdom | 1999-2003 | Masaru Kono |  Japan | 1999-2003 | JoAnn Joselyn |  United States
21. | 1995 | Boulder |  United States | 1995-1999 | P.J. Wyllie |  United States | 1995-1999 | Georges Balmino |  France
20. | 1991 | Vienna |  Austria | 1991-1995 | Helmut Moritz |  Austria | 1991-1995 | Georges Balmino |  France
19. | 1987 | Vancouver |  Canada | 1987-1991 | V.I. Keilis-Borok |  Soviet Union | 1987-1991 | Baron Paul Melchior |  Belgium
18. | 1983 | Hamburg |  West Germany | 1983-1987 | D. Lal |  India | 1983-1987 | Baron Paul Melchior |  Belgium
17. | 1979 | Canberra |  Australia | 1979-1983 | G.D. Garland |  Canada | 1979-1983 | Baron Paul Melchior |  Belgium
16. | 1975 | Grenoble |  France | 1975-1979 | A. Ashour |  Egypt | 1973-1979 | Baron Paul Melchior |  Belgium
15. | 1971 | Moscow |  Soviet Union | 1971-1975 | H. Charnock |  United Kingdom | 1973-1991 | Baron Paul Melchior |  Belgium
14. | 1967 | Zurich |  Switzerland | 1967-1971 | J. Coulomb |  France | 1967-1973 | G.D. Garland |  Canada
13. | 1963 | Berkeley |  United States | 1963-1967 | J. Kaplan |  United States | 1963-1967 | G.D. Garland |  Canada
12. | 1960 | Helsinki |  Finland | 1960-1963 | V.V. Beloussov |  Soviet Union | 1960-1963 | G.R. Laclavère |  France
11. | 1957 | Toronto |  Canada | 1957-1960 | J.T. Wilson |  Canada | 1957-1960 | G.R. Laclavère |  France
10. | 1954 | Rome |  Italy | 1954-1957 | K.R. Ramanathan |  India | 1954-1957 | G.R. Laclavère |  France
9. | 1951 | Brussels |  Belgium | 1951-1954 | S. Chapman |  United Kingdom | 1951-1954 | G.R. Laclavère |  France
8. | 1948 | Oslo |  Norway | 1948-1951 | F.A. Vening Meinesz |  Netherlands | 1946-1951 | J.M. Stagg |  United Kingdom
7. | 1939 | Washington DC |  United States | 1946-1948 | B. Helland-Hansen |  Norway | 1939-1946 | H. St. J.L. Winterbotham |  United Kingdom
6. | 1936 | Edinburgh |  United Kingdom | 1936-1942 | D. La Cour |  Denmark | 1936-1939 | H. St. J.L. Winterbotham |  United Kingdom
5. | 1933 | Lisbon |  Portugal | 1933-1936 | W. Bowie |  United States | 1933-1936 | H. St. J.L. Winterbotham |  United Kingdom
4. | 1930 | Stockholm |  Sweden | 1919-1933 | C. Lallemand |  France | 1930-1933 | H. St. J.L. Winterbotham |  United Kingdom
3. | 1927 | Prague |  Czechoslovakia | 1919-1933 | C. Lallemand |  France | 1927-1930 | Sir Henry Lyons |  United Kingdom
2. | 1924 | Madrid |  Spain | 1919-1933 | C. Lallemand |  France | 1924-1927 | Sir Henry Lyons |  United Kingdom
1. | 1922 | Rome |  Italy | 1919-1933 | C. Lallemand |  France | 1919-1924 | Sir Henry Lyons |  United Kingdom

## See also

* List of geoscience organizations

## References

1. ↑ Lyons, Henry G. (1919). "The Brussels Meeting of the International Research Council". Nature 103 (2598): 464–466. doi:10.1038/103464b0. Bibcode: 1919Natur.103..464H.
2. ↑ Cochrane, Rexmond C. (1978). The National Academy of Sciences: The First Hundred Years, 1863-1963. National Academies. https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_WyErAAAAYAAJ.
3. ↑ Good, Gregory A. (2000). "The Assembly of Geophysics: Scientific Disciplines as Frameworks of Consensus". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 31 (3): 259–292. doi:10.1016/S1355-2198(00)00018-6. Bibcode: 2000SHPMP..31..259G.
4. ↑ Ismail-Zadeh, Alik (2016). "Geoscience international: the role of scientific unions". History of Geo- and Space Sciences 7 (2): 103–123. doi:10.5194/hgss-7-103-2016. Bibcode: 2016HGSS....7..103I. https://www.hist-geo-space-sci.net/7/103/2016/.
5. ↑ Ismail-Zadeh, Alik; Joselyn, JoAnn (Eds.) (2019). "The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics: from different spheres to a common globe". History of Geo- and Space Sciences 10: 17–191. doi:10.5194/hgss-10-17-2019. https://www.hist-geo-space-sci.net/special_issue996.html.
6. ↑ Burchfiel, B. C. (1987) International Role of U.S. Geoscience US National Academies page 32
7. ↑ "Associations of the IUGG". International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics. http://www.iugg.org/associations/.
8. ↑ "Union Commissions". International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics. http://www.iugg.org/about/commissions/.
9. ↑ IUGG - Bureau of the Union . Retrieved 01/07/2015.

## External links

* IUGG official website

### Archival collections

* International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics records, 1922-2000 (1955-1998), Niels Bohr Library & Archives
* International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics addition to records, 1995-2007, Niels Bohr Library & Archives

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