Statistician

Short description: Person who works with theoretical or applied statistics

A statistician is a person who works with theoretical or applied statistics. The profession exists in both the private and public sectors.

It is common to combine statistical knowledge with expertise in other subjects, and statisticians may work as employees or as statistical consultants.[1][2]

## Contents

* 1 Nature of the work
* 2 See also
* 3 References
* 4 External links

## Nature of the work

According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, as of 2014, 26,970 jobs were classified as statistician in the United States. Of these people, approximately 30 percent worked for governments (federal, state, or local).[3] As of October 2021, the median pay for statisticians in the United States was $92,270.[4]

Additionally, there is a substantial number of people who use statistics and data analysis in their work but have job titles other than statistician,[5] such as actuaries, applied mathematicians, economists, data scientists, data analysts (predictive analytics), financial analysts, psychometricians, sociologists, epidemiologists, and quantitative psychologists.[6] Statisticians are included with the professions in various national and international occupational classifications.[7][8]

In many countries, including the United States , employment in the field requires either a master's degree in statistics or a related field or a PhD.[1]

According to one industry professional, "Typical work includes collaborating with scientists, providing mathematical modeling, simulations, designing randomized experiments and randomized sampling plans, analyzing experimental or survey results, and forecasting future events (such as sales of a product)."[9]

According to the BLS, "Overall employment is projected to grow 33% from 2016 to 2026, much faster than average for all occupations. Businesses will need these workers to analyze the increasing volume of digital and electronic data."[10] In October 2021, the CNBC rated it the fastest growing job in science and technology of the next decade, with a projected growth rate of 35.40%.[11]

## See also

* List of statisticians
* History of statistics
* Data science

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "15-2041.00 - Statisticians". https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/15-2041.00.
2. ↑ "Types of Job". https://www.statslife.org.uk/careers/types-of-job.
3. ↑ Bureau of Labor Statistics, US Department of Labor. "Statisticians". Occupational Outlook Handbook. https://www.bls.gov/ooh/math/statisticians.htm.
4. ↑ Smith, Morgan (2021-10-11). "The 10 fastest-growing science and technology jobs of the next decade" (in en). https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/11/the-10-fastest-growing-science-and-technology-jobs-of-the-next-decade.html.
5. ↑ Bureau of Labor Statistics, US Department of Labor. "Statisticians". Occupational Outlook Handbook. http://stats.bls.gov/oco/ocos045.htm.
6. ↑ Bureau of Labor Statistics, US Department of Labor. "Statisticians". Occupational Outlook Handbook. http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos045.htm.
7. ↑ "International Labour Organisation (ILO) International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) ISCO-08 classification structure". http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/stat/isco/docs/resol08.pdf.
8. ↑ "Canadian National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011 21 - Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences". 6 January 2012. http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p3VD.pl?Function=getVD&TVD=122372&CVD=122374&CPV=21&CST=01012011&CLV=2&MLV=4.
9. ↑ "IMS Presidential Address: Let us own Data Science, 1 October 2014, News of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics". http://bulletin.imstat.org/2014/10/ims-presidential-address-let-us-own-data-science/.
10. ↑ "Mathematicians and Statisticians : Occupational Outlook Handbook: : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics" (in en-us). https://www.bls.gov/ooh/math/mathematicians-and-statisticians.htm.
11. ↑ Smith, Morgan (2021-10-11). "The 10 fastest-growing science and technology jobs of the next decade" (in en). https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/11/the-10-fastest-growing-science-and-technology-jobs-of-the-next-decade.html.

## External links

* Statistician entry, Occupational Outlook Handbook, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
* Careers Center, American Statistical Association
* Careers information, Royal Statistical Society (UK)
* Listing of tasks and duties - The International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO)
* Listings of nature of work etc - O*NET

* v
* t
* e

Statistics

* Outline
* Index

Descriptive statistics

| Continuous data|

| Center|

* Mean
* arithmetic
* geometric
* harmonic
* Median
* Mode

|

Dispersion|

* Variance
* Standard deviation
* Coefficient of variation
* Percentile
* Range
* Interquartile range

Shape|

* Central limit theorem
* Moments
* Skewness
* Kurtosis
* L-moments

Count data|

* Index of dispersion

Summary tables|

* Grouped data
* Frequency distribution
* Contingency table

Dependence|

* Pearson product-moment correlation
* Rank correlation
* Spearman's rho
* Kendall's tau
* Partial correlation
* Scatter plot

Graphics|

* Bar chart
* Biplot
* Box plot
* Control chart
* Correlogram
* Fan chart
* Forest plot
* Histogram
* Pie chart
* Q–Q plot
* Run chart
* Scatter plot
* Stem-and-leaf display
* Radar chart
* Violin plot

Data collection

| Study design|

* Population
* Statistic
* Effect size
* Statistical power
* Optimal design
* Sample size determination
* Replication
* Missing data

|

Survey methodology|

* Sampling
* stratified
* cluster
* Standard error
* Opinion poll
* Questionnaire

Controlled experiments|

* Scientific control
* Randomized experiment
* Randomized controlled trial
* Random assignment
* Blocking
* Interaction
* Factorial experiment

Adaptive Designs|

* Adaptive clinical trial
* Up-and-Down Designs
* Stochastic approximation

Observational Studies|

* Cross-sectional study
* Cohort study
* Natural experiment
* Quasi-experiment

Statistical inference

| Statistical theory|

* Population
* Statistic
* Probability distribution
* Sampling distribution
* Order statistic
* Empirical distribution
* Density estimation
* Statistical model
* Model specification
* Lp space
* Parameter
* location
* scale
* shape
* Parametric family
* Likelihood (monotone)
* Location–scale family
* Exponential family
* Completeness
* Sufficiency
* Statistical functional
* Bootstrap
* U
* V
* Optimal decision
* loss function
* Efficiency
* Statistical distance
* divergence
* Asymptotics
* Robustness

|

Frequentist inference|

| Point estimation|

* Estimating equations
* Maximum likelihood
* Method of moments
* M-estimator
* Minimum distance
* Unbiased estimators
* Mean-unbiased minimum-variance
* Rao–Blackwellization
* Lehmann–Scheffé theorem
* Median unbiased
* Plug-in

|

Interval estimation|

* Confidence interval
* Pivot
* Likelihood interval
* Prediction interval
* Tolerance interval
* Resampling
* Bootstrap
* Jackknife

Testing hypotheses|

* 1- & 2-tails
* Power
* Uniformly most powerful test
* Permutation test
* Randomization test
* Multiple comparisons

Parametric tests|

* Likelihood-ratio
* Score/Lagrange multiplier
* Wald

Specific tests|

* Z-test (normal)
* Student's t-test
* F-test

Goodness of fit|

* Chi-squared
* G-test
* Kolmogorov–Smirnov
* Anderson–Darling
* Lilliefors
* Jarque–Bera
* Normality (Shapiro–Wilk)
* Likelihood-ratio test
* Model selection
* Cross validation
* AIC
* BIC

Rank statistics|

* Sign
* Sample median
* Signed rank (Wilcoxon)
* Hodges–Lehmann estimator
* Rank sum (Mann–Whitney)
* Nonparametric anova
* 1-way (Kruskal–Wallis)
* 2-way (Friedman)
* Ordered alternative (Jonckheere–Terpstra)

Bayesian inference|

* Bayesian probability
* prior
* posterior
* Credible interval
* Bayes factor
* Bayesian estimator
* Maximum posterior estimator

* Correlation
* Regression analysis

| Correlation|

* Pearson product-moment
* Partial correlation
* Confounding variable
* Coefficient of determination

|

Regression analysis|

* Errors and residuals
* Regression validation
* Mixed effects models
* Simultaneous equations models
* Multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS)

Linear regression|

* Simple linear regression
* Ordinary least squares
* General linear model
* Bayesian regression

Non-standard predictors|

* Nonlinear regression
* Nonparametric
* Semiparametric
* Isotonic
* Robust
* Heteroscedasticity
* Homoscedasticity

Generalized linear model|

* Exponential families
* Logistic (Bernoulli) / Binomial / Poisson regressions

Partition of variance|

* Analysis of variance (ANOVA, anova)
* Analysis of covariance
* Multivariate ANOVA
* Degrees of freedom

Categorical / Multivariate / Time-series / Survival analysis

| Categorical|

* Cohen's kappa
* Contingency table
* Graphical model
* Log-linear model
* McNemar's test

|

Multivariate|

* Regression
* Manova
* Principal components
* Canonical correlation
* Discriminant analysis
* Cluster analysis
* Classification
* Structural equation model
* Factor analysis
* Multivariate distributions
* Elliptical distributions
* Normal

Time-series|

| General|

* Decomposition
* Trend
* Stationarity
* Seasonal adjustment
* Exponential smoothing
* Cointegration
* Structural break
* Granger causality

|

Specific tests|

* Dickey–Fuller
* Johansen
* Q-statistic (Ljung–Box)
* Durbin–Watson
* Breusch–Godfrey

Time domain|

* Autocorrelation (ACF)
* partial (PACF)
* Cross-correlation (XCF)
* ARMA model
* ARIMA model (Box–Jenkins)
* Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH)
* Vector autoregression (VAR)

Frequency domain|

* Spectral density estimation
* Fourier analysis
* Wavelet
* Whittle likelihood

Survival|

| Survival function|

* Kaplan–Meier estimator (product limit)
* Proportional hazards models
* Accelerated failure time (AFT) model
* First hitting time

|

Hazard function|

* Nelson–Aalen estimator

Test|

* Log-rank test

Applications

| Biostatistics|

* Bioinformatics
* Clinical trials / studies
* Epidemiology
* Medical statistics

|

Engineering statistics|

* Chemometrics
* Methods engineering
* Probabilistic design
* Process / quality control
* Reliability
* System identification

Social statistics|

* Actuarial science
* Census
* Crime statistics
* Demography
* Econometrics
* Jurimetrics
* National accounts
* Official statistics
* Population statistics
* Psychometrics

Spatial statistics|

* Cartography
* Environmental statistics
* Geographic information system
* Geostatistics
* Kriging

* Category
* '
* Commons
* WikiProject

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