Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols

Short description: Unicode block

For the meanings of these symbols, see List of letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering

Short description: Unicode character block

Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols

Range| U+1D400..U+1D7FF
(1,024 code points)
Plane| SMP
Scripts| Common
Symbol sets| Mathematical
Assigned| 996 code points
Unused| 28 reserved code points
Unicode version history
3.1| 991 (+991)
4.0| 992 (+1)
4.1| 994 (+2)
5.0| 996 (+2)
Note: [1][2]
| This article contains special characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.

|

Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols is a Unicode block comprising styled forms of Latin and Greek letters and decimal digits that enable mathematicians to denote different notions with different letter styles. The letters in various fonts often have specific, fixed meanings in particular areas of mathematics. By providing uniformity over numerous mathematical articles and books, these conventions help to read mathematical formulas. These also may be used to differentiate between concepts that share a letter in a single problem.

Unicode includes many such symbols (in the range U+1D400-U+1D7FF). The rationale behind this is that it enables design and usage of special mathematical characters (fonts) that include all necessary properties to differentiate from other alphanumerics, e.g. in mathematics an italic letter "𝐴" can have a different meaning from a roman letter "A". Unicode originally included a limited set of such letter forms in its Letterlike Symbols block before completing the set of Latin and Greek letter forms in this block beginning in version 3.1.

Unicode expressly recommends that these characters not be used in general text as a substitute for presentational markup;[3] the letters are specifically designed to be semantically different from each other. Unicode does not include a set of normal serif letters in the set.[lower-alpha 1] Still they have found some usage on social media, for example by people who want a stylized user name,[4] and in email spam, in an attempt to bypass filters.

All these letter shapes may be manipulated with MathML's attribute mathvariant.

The introduction date of some of the more commonly used symbols can be found in the Table of mathematical symbols by introduction date.

## Contents

* 1 Tables of styled letters and digits
* 1.1 Latin letters
* 1.2 Greek letters and symbols
* 1.3 Digits
* 1.4 Glyph variants
* 2 Chart for the Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block
* 3 History
* 4 See also
* 5 References

## Tables of styled letters and digits

These tables show all styled forms of Latin and Greek letters, symbols, and digits in the Unicode Standard.

As mentioned above, while Unicode have mathematical alphanumeric characters specified to be sans-serif, it does not specify serif characters. It means that the normal (non-mathematical) characters shown below with a cyan background, along with the basic mathematical alphanumeric characters (those in the left-most columns), might be serif or sans-serif depending upon the installed fonts.

The styled characters are mostly located in the Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block, but the 24 characters in cells with a pink background are located in the letterlike symbols block, for example, ℛ (script capital r) is at U+211B rather than the expected U+1D4AD which is reserved. In the code charts for the Unicode Standard, the reserved code points corresponding to the pink cell are annotated with the name and code point of the correct character.[5] There are a few characters which have names that suggest that they should belong in the tables below, but in fact do not because their official character names are misnomers:

* U+2113 ℓ SCRIPT SMALL L; "despite its character name, this symbol is derived from a special italicized version of the small letter l".[6] It has various other specialized uses, such as a liter symbol and as the azimuthal quantum number symbol.
* U+2118 ℘ SCRIPT CAPITAL P is a symbol for Weierstrass's elliptic function.[7] It is officially aliased as U+2118 ℘ .

### Latin letters

The Unicode values of the characters in the tables below, except those shown with pink backgrounds or index values of '–', are obtained by adding the base values from the "U+" header row to the index values in the left column (both values are hexadecimal).

Latin capital letters  | Basic form  | Sans-serif  | Script (or calligraphy)  | Fraktur  | Mono-
space | Double-
struck

|
|
|
|
|
|

Normal  | Bold  | Italic  | Bold
italic  | Normal  | Bold  | Italic  | Bold
italic  | Normal  | Bold  | Normal  | Bold  | Normal  | Bold
U+  | 0041  | 1D400  | 1D434  | 1D468  | 1D5A0  | 1D5D4  | 1D608  | 1D63C  | 1D49C  | 1D4D0  | 1D504  | 1D56C  | 1D670  | 1D538
00  | A  | 𝐀  | 𝐴  | 𝑨  | 𝖠  | 𝗔  | 𝘈  | 𝘼  | 𝒜  | 𝓐  | 𝔄  | 𝕬  | 𝙰  | 𝔸
01  | B  | 𝐁  | 𝐵  | 𝑩  | 𝖡  | 𝗕  | 𝘉  | 𝘽  | ℬ  | 𝓑  | 𝔅  | 𝕭  | 𝙱  | 𝔹
02  | C  | 𝐂  | 𝐶  | 𝑪  | 𝖢  | 𝗖  | 𝘊  | 𝘾  | 𝒞  | 𝓒  | ℭ  | 𝕮  | 𝙲  | ℂ
03  | D  | 𝐃  | 𝐷  | 𝑫  | 𝖣  | 𝗗  | 𝘋  | 𝘿  | 𝒟  | 𝓓  | 𝔇  | 𝕯  | 𝙳  | 𝔻
04  | E  | 𝐄  | 𝐸  | 𝑬  | 𝖤  | 𝗘  | 𝘌  | 𝙀  | ℰ  | 𝓔  | 𝔈  | 𝕰  | 𝙴  | 𝔼
05  | F  | 𝐅  | 𝐹  | 𝑭  | 𝖥  | 𝗙  | 𝘍  | 𝙁  | ℱ  | 𝓕  | 𝔉  | 𝕱  | 𝙵  | 𝔽
06  | G  | 𝐆  | 𝐺  | 𝑮  | 𝖦  | 𝗚  | 𝘎  | 𝙂  | 𝒢  | 𝓖  | 𝔊  | 𝕲  | 𝙶  | 𝔾
07  | H  | 𝐇  | 𝐻  | 𝑯  | 𝖧  | 𝗛  | 𝘏  | 𝙃  | ℋ  | 𝓗  | ℌ  | 𝕳  | 𝙷  | ℍ
08  | I  | 𝐈  | 𝐼  | 𝑰  | 𝖨  | 𝗜  | 𝘐  | 𝙄  | ℐ  | 𝓘  | ℑ  | 𝕴  | 𝙸  | 𝕀
09  | J  | 𝐉  | 𝐽  | 𝑱  | 𝖩  | 𝗝  | 𝘑  | 𝙅  | 𝒥  | 𝓙  | 𝔍  | 𝕵  | 𝙹  | 𝕁
0A  | K  | 𝐊  | 𝐾  | 𝑲  | 𝖪  | 𝗞  | 𝘒  | 𝙆  | 𝒦  | 𝓚  | 𝔎  | 𝕶  | 𝙺  | 𝕂
0B  | L  | 𝐋  | 𝐿  | 𝑳  | 𝖫  | 𝗟  | 𝘓  | 𝙇  | ℒ  | 𝓛  | 𝔏  | 𝕷  | 𝙻  | 𝕃
0C  | M  | 𝐌  | 𝑀  | 𝑴  | 𝖬  | 𝗠  | 𝘔  | 𝙈  | ℳ  | 𝓜  | 𝔐  | 𝕸  | 𝙼  | 𝕄
0D  | N  | 𝐍  | 𝑁  | 𝑵  | 𝖭  | 𝗡  | 𝘕  | 𝙉  | 𝒩  | 𝓝  | 𝔑  | 𝕹  | 𝙽  | ℕ
0E  | O  | 𝐎  | 𝑂  | 𝑶  | 𝖮  | 𝗢  | 𝘖  | 𝙊  | 𝒪  | 𝓞  | 𝔒  | 𝕺  | 𝙾  | 𝕆
0F  | P  | 𝐏  | 𝑃  | 𝑷  | 𝖯  | 𝗣  | 𝘗  | 𝙋  | 𝒫  | 𝓟  | 𝔓  | 𝕻  | 𝙿  | ℙ
10  | Q  | 𝐐  | 𝑄  | 𝑸  | 𝖰  | 𝗤  | 𝘘  | 𝙌  | 𝒬  | 𝓠  | 𝔔  | 𝕼  | 𝚀  | ℚ
11  | R  | 𝐑  | 𝑅  | 𝑹  | 𝖱  | 𝗥  | 𝘙  | 𝙍  | ℛ  | 𝓡  | ℜ  | 𝕽  | 𝚁  | ℝ
12  | S  | 𝐒  | 𝑆  | 𝑺  | 𝖲  | 𝗦  | 𝘚  | 𝙎  | 𝒮  | 𝓢  | 𝔖  | 𝕾  | 𝚂  | 𝕊
13  | T  | 𝐓  | 𝑇  | 𝑻  | 𝖳  | 𝗧  | 𝘛  | 𝙏  | 𝒯  | 𝓣  | 𝔗  | 𝕿  | 𝚃  | 𝕋
14  | U  | 𝐔  | 𝑈  | 𝑼  | 𝖴  | 𝗨  | 𝘜  | 𝙐  | 𝒰  | 𝓤  | 𝔘  | 𝖀  | 𝚄  | 𝕌
15  | V  | 𝐕  | 𝑉  | 𝑽  | 𝖵  | 𝗩  | 𝘝  | 𝙑  | 𝒱  | 𝓥  | 𝔙  | 𝖁  | 𝚅  | 𝕍
16  | W  | 𝐖  | 𝑊  | 𝑾  | 𝖶  | 𝗪  | 𝘞  | 𝙒  | 𝒲  | 𝓦  | 𝔚  | 𝖂  | 𝚆  | 𝕎
17  | X  | 𝐗  | 𝑋  | 𝑿  | 𝖷  | 𝗫  | 𝘟  | 𝙓  | 𝒳  | 𝓧  | 𝔛  | 𝖃  | 𝚇  | 𝕏
18  | Y  | 𝐘  | 𝑌  | 𝒀  | 𝖸  | 𝗬  | 𝘠  | 𝙔  | 𝒴  | 𝓨  | 𝔜  | 𝖄  | 𝚈  | 𝕐
19  | Z  | 𝐙  | 𝑍  | 𝒁  | 𝖹  | 𝗭  | 𝘡  | 𝙕  | 𝒵  | 𝓩  | ℨ  | 𝖅  | 𝚉  | ℤ

Latin small letters  | Basic form  | Sans-serif  | Script (or calligraphy)  | Fraktur  | Mono-
space | Double-
struck

|
|
|
|
|
|

Normal  | Bold  | Italic  | Bold
italic  | Normal  | Bold  | Italic  | Bold
italic  | Normal  | Bold  | Normal  | Bold  | Normal  | Bold
U+  | 0061  | 1D41A  | 1D44E  | 1D482  | 1D5BA  | 1D5EE  | 1D622  | 1D656  | 1D4B6  | 1D4EA  | 1D51E  | 1D586  | 1D68A  | 1D552
00  | a  | 𝐚  | 𝑎  | 𝒂  | 𝖺  | 𝗮  | 𝘢  | 𝙖  | 𝒶  | 𝓪  | 𝔞  | 𝖆  | 𝚊  | 𝕒
01  | b  | 𝐛  | 𝑏  | 𝒃  | 𝖻  | 𝗯  | 𝘣  | 𝙗  | 𝒷  | 𝓫  | 𝔟  | 𝖇  | 𝚋  | 𝕓
02  | c  | 𝐜  | 𝑐  | 𝒄  | 𝖼  | 𝗰  | 𝘤  | 𝙘  | 𝒸  | 𝓬  | 𝔠  | 𝖈  | 𝚌  | 𝕔
03  | d  | 𝐝  | 𝑑  | 𝒅  | 𝖽  | 𝗱  | 𝘥  | 𝙙  | 𝒹  | 𝓭  | 𝔡  | 𝖉  | 𝚍  | 𝕕
04  | e  | 𝐞  | 𝑒  | 𝒆  | 𝖾  | 𝗲  | 𝘦  | 𝙚  | ℯ  | 𝓮  | 𝔢  | 𝖊  | 𝚎  | 𝕖
05  | f  | 𝐟  | 𝑓  | 𝒇  | 𝖿  | 𝗳  | 𝘧  | 𝙛  | 𝒻  | 𝓯  | 𝔣  | 𝖋  | 𝚏  | 𝕗
06  | g  | 𝐠  | 𝑔  | 𝒈  | 𝗀  | 𝗴  | 𝘨  | 𝙜  | ℊ  | 𝓰  | 𝔤  | 𝖌  | 𝚐  | 𝕘
07  | h  | 𝐡  | ℎ  | 𝒉  | 𝗁  | 𝗵  | 𝘩  | 𝙝  | 𝒽  | 𝓱  | 𝔥  | 𝖍  | 𝚑  | 𝕙
08  | i  | 𝐢  | 𝑖  | 𝒊  | 𝗂  | 𝗶  | 𝘪  | 𝙞  | 𝒾  | 𝓲  | 𝔦  | 𝖎  | 𝚒  | 𝕚
09  | j  | 𝐣  | 𝑗  | 𝒋  | 𝗃  | 𝗷  | 𝘫  | 𝙟  | 𝒿  | 𝓳  | 𝔧  | 𝖏  | 𝚓  | 𝕛
0A  | k  | 𝐤  | 𝑘  | 𝒌  | 𝗄  | 𝗸  | 𝘬  | 𝙠  | 𝓀  | 𝓴  | 𝔨  | 𝖐  | 𝚔  | 𝕜
0B  | l  | 𝐥  | 𝑙  | 𝒍  | 𝗅  | 𝗹  | 𝘭  | 𝙡  | 𝓁  | 𝓵  | 𝔩  | 𝖑  | 𝚕  | 𝕝
0C  | m  | 𝐦  | 𝑚  | 𝒎  | 𝗆  | 𝗺  | 𝘮  | 𝙢  | 𝓂  | 𝓶  | 𝔪  | 𝖒  | 𝚖  | 𝕞
0D  | n  | 𝐧  | 𝑛  | 𝒏  | 𝗇  | 𝗻  | 𝘯  | 𝙣  | 𝓃  | 𝓷  | 𝔫  | 𝖓  | 𝚗  | 𝕟
0E  | o  | 𝐨  | 𝑜  | 𝒐  | 𝗈  | 𝗼  | 𝘰  | 𝙤  | ℴ  | 𝓸  | 𝔬  | 𝖔  | 𝚘  | 𝕠
0F  | p  | 𝐩  | 𝑝  | 𝒑  | 𝗉  | 𝗽  | 𝘱  | 𝙥  | 𝓅  | 𝓹  | 𝔭  | 𝖕  | 𝚙  | 𝕡
10  | q  | 𝐪  | 𝑞  | 𝒒  | 𝗊  | 𝗾  | 𝘲  | 𝙦  | 𝓆  | 𝓺  | 𝔮  | 𝖖  | 𝚚  | 𝕢
11  | r  | 𝐫  | 𝑟  | 𝒓  | 𝗋  | 𝗿  | 𝘳  | 𝙧  | 𝓇  | 𝓻  | 𝔯  | 𝖗  | 𝚛  | 𝕣
12  | s  | 𝐬  | 𝑠  | 𝒔  | 𝗌  | 𝘀  | 𝘴  | 𝙨  | 𝓈  | 𝓼  | 𝔰  | 𝖘  | 𝚜  | 𝕤
13  | t  | 𝐭  | 𝑡  | 𝒕  | 𝗍  | 𝘁  | 𝘵  | 𝙩  | 𝓉  | 𝓽  | 𝔱  | 𝖙  | 𝚝  | 𝕥
14  | u  | 𝐮  | 𝑢  | 𝒖  | 𝗎  | 𝘂  | 𝘶  | 𝙪  | 𝓊  | 𝓾  | 𝔲  | 𝖚  | 𝚞  | 𝕦
15  | v  | 𝐯  | 𝑣  | 𝒗  | 𝗏  | 𝘃  | 𝘷  | 𝙫  | 𝓋  | 𝓿  | 𝔳  | 𝖛  | 𝚟  | 𝕧
16  | w  | 𝐰  | 𝑤  | 𝒘  | 𝗐  | 𝘄  | 𝘸  | 𝙬  | 𝓌  | 𝔀  | 𝔴  | 𝖜  | 𝚠  | 𝕨
17  | x  | 𝐱  | 𝑥  | 𝒙  | 𝗑  | 𝘅  | 𝘹  | 𝙭  | 𝓍  | 𝔁  | 𝔵  | 𝖝  | 𝚡  | 𝕩
18  | y  | 𝐲  | 𝑦  | 𝒚  | 𝗒  | 𝘆  | 𝘺  | 𝙮  | 𝓎  | 𝔂  | 𝔶  | 𝖞  | 𝚢  | 𝕪
19  | z  | 𝐳  | 𝑧  | 𝒛  | 𝗓  | 𝘇  | 𝘻  | 𝙯  | 𝓏  | 𝔃  | 𝔷  | 𝖟  | 𝚣  | 𝕫
–  | ı  |  | 𝚤  |
–  | ȷ  |  | 𝚥  |

### Greek letters and symbols

The Unicode values of the characters in the tables below, except those shown with yellow backgrounds or index values of '–', are obtained by adding the base values from the "U+" header row to the index values in the left column (both values are hexadecimal).

Greek capital letters  | Basic form  | Sans-serif

|
|

Normal  | Bold  | Italic  | Bold
italic  | Bold  | Bold
italic
U+  | 0391  | 1D6A8  | 1D6E2  | 1D71C  | 1D756  | 1D790
00  | Α  | 𝚨  | 𝛢  | 𝜜  | 𝝖  | 𝞐
01  | Β  | 𝚩  | 𝛣  | 𝜝  | 𝝗  | 𝞑
02  | Γ  | 𝚪  | 𝛤  | 𝜞  | 𝝘  | 𝞒
03  | Δ  | 𝚫  | 𝛥  | 𝜟  | 𝝙  | 𝞓
04  | Ε  | 𝚬  | 𝛦  | 𝜠  | 𝝚  | 𝞔
05  | Ζ  | 𝚭  | 𝛧  | 𝜡  | 𝝛  | 𝞕
06  | Η  | 𝚮  | 𝛨  | 𝜢  | 𝝜  | 𝞖
07  | Θ  | 𝚯  | 𝛩  | 𝜣  | 𝝝  | 𝞗
08  | Ι  | 𝚰  | 𝛪  | 𝜤  | 𝝞  | 𝞘
09  | Κ  | 𝚱  | 𝛫  | 𝜥  | 𝝟  | 𝞙
0A  | Λ  | 𝚲  | 𝛬  | 𝜦  | 𝝠  | 𝞚
0B  | Μ  | 𝚳  | 𝛭  | 𝜧  | 𝝡  | 𝞛
0C  | Ν  | 𝚴  | 𝛮  | 𝜨  | 𝝢  | 𝞜
0D  | Ξ  | 𝚵  | 𝛯  | 𝜩  | 𝝣  | 𝞝
0E  | Ο  | 𝚶  | 𝛰  | 𝜪  | 𝝤  | 𝞞
0F  | Π  | 𝚷  | 𝛱  | 𝜫  | 𝝥  | 𝞟
10  | Ρ  | 𝚸  | 𝛲  | 𝜬  | 𝝦  | 𝞠
11  | ϴ  | 𝚹  | 𝛳  | 𝜭  | 𝝧  | 𝞡
12  | Σ  | 𝚺  | 𝛴  | 𝜮  | 𝝨  | 𝞢
13  | Τ  | 𝚻  | 𝛵  | 𝜯  | 𝝩  | 𝞣
14  | Υ  | 𝚼  | 𝛶  | 𝜰  | 𝝪  | 𝞤
15  | Φ  | 𝚽  | 𝛷  | 𝜱  | 𝝫  | 𝞥
16  | Χ  | 𝚾  | 𝛸  | 𝜲  | 𝝬  | 𝞦
17  | Ψ  | 𝚿  | 𝛹  | 𝜳  | 𝝭  | 𝞧
18  | Ω  | 𝛀  | 𝛺  | 𝜴  | 𝝮  | 𝞨
19  | ∇  | 𝛁  | 𝛻  | 𝜵  | 𝝯  | 𝞩
–  | Ϝ  | 𝟊  |

Greek small letters  | Basic form  | Sans-serif

|
|

Normal  | Bold  | Italic  | Bold
italic  | Bold  | Bold
italic
U+  | 03B1  | 1D6C2  | 1D6FC  | 1D736  | 1D770  | 1D7AA
00  | α  | 𝛂  | 𝛼  | 𝜶  | 𝝰  | 𝞪
01  | β  | 𝛃  | 𝛽  | 𝜷  | 𝝱  | 𝞫
02  | γ  | 𝛄  | 𝛾  | 𝜸  | 𝝲  | 𝞬
03  | δ  | 𝛅  | 𝛿  | 𝜹  | 𝝳  | 𝞭
04  | ε  | 𝛆  | 𝜀  | 𝜺  | 𝝴  | 𝞮
05  | ζ  | 𝛇  | 𝜁  | 𝜻  | 𝝵  | 𝞯
06  | η  | 𝛈  | 𝜂  | 𝜼  | 𝝶  | 𝞰
07  | θ  | 𝛉  | 𝜃  | 𝜽  | 𝝷  | 𝞱
08  | ι  | 𝛊  | 𝜄  | 𝜾  | 𝝸  | 𝞲
09  | κ  | 𝛋  | 𝜅  | 𝜿  | 𝝹  | 𝞳
0A  | λ  | 𝛌  | 𝜆  | 𝝀  | 𝝺  | 𝞴
0B  | μ  | 𝛍  | 𝜇  | 𝝁  | 𝝻  | 𝞵
0C  | ν  | 𝛎  | 𝜈  | 𝝂  | 𝝼  | 𝞶
0D  | ξ  | 𝛏  | 𝜉  | 𝝃  | 𝝽  | 𝞷
0E  | ο  | 𝛐  | 𝜊  | 𝝄  | 𝝾  | 𝞸
0F  | π  | 𝛑  | 𝜋  | 𝝅  | 𝝿  | 𝞹
10  | ρ  | 𝛒  | 𝜌  | 𝝆  | 𝞀  | 𝞺
11  | ς  | 𝛓  | 𝜍  | 𝝇  | 𝞁  | 𝞻
12  | σ  | 𝛔  | 𝜎  | 𝝈  | 𝞂  | 𝞼
13  | τ  | 𝛕  | 𝜏  | 𝝉  | 𝞃  | 𝞽
14  | υ  | 𝛖  | 𝜐  | 𝝊  | 𝞄  | 𝞾
15  | φ  | 𝛗  | 𝜑  | 𝝋  | 𝞅  | 𝞿
16  | χ  | 𝛘  | 𝜒  | 𝝌  | 𝞆  | 𝟀
17  | ψ  | 𝛙  | 𝜓  | 𝝍  | 𝞇  | 𝟁
18  | ω  | 𝛚  | 𝜔  | 𝝎  | 𝞈  | 𝟂
19  | ∂  | 𝛛  | 𝜕  | 𝝏  | 𝞉  | 𝟃
1A  | ϵ  | 𝛜  | 𝜖  | 𝝐  | 𝞊  | 𝟄
1B  | ϑ  | 𝛝  | 𝜗  | 𝝑  | 𝞋  | 𝟅
1C  | ϰ  | 𝛞  | 𝜘  | 𝝒  | 𝞌  | 𝟆
1D  | ϕ  | 𝛟  | 𝜙  | 𝝓  | 𝞍  | 𝟇
1E  | ϱ  | 𝛠  | 𝜚  | 𝝔  | 𝞎  | 𝟈
1F  | ϖ  | 𝛡  | 𝜛  | 𝝕  | 𝞏  | 𝟉
–  | ϝ  | 𝟋  |

### Digits

The Unicode values of the characters in the tables below are obtained by adding the hexadecimal base values from the "U+" header row to the index values in the left column.

| Normal  | Bold  | Double-
struck  | Sans-
serif  | Sans-
serif
bold  | Mono-
space

|
|
|
|
|
|

U+  | 0030  | 1D7CE  | 1D7D8  | 1D7E2  | 1D7EC  | 1D7F6
0  | 0  | 𝟎  | 𝟘  | 𝟢  | 𝟬  | 𝟶
1  | 1  | 𝟏  | 𝟙  | 𝟣  | 𝟭  | 𝟷
2  | 2  | 𝟐  | 𝟚  | 𝟤  | 𝟮  | 𝟸
3  | 3  | 𝟑  | 𝟛  | 𝟥  | 𝟯  | 𝟹
4  | 4  | 𝟒  | 𝟜  | 𝟦  | 𝟰  | 𝟺
5  | 5  | 𝟓  | 𝟝  | 𝟧  | 𝟱  | 𝟻
6  | 6  | 𝟔  | 𝟞  | 𝟨  | 𝟲  | 𝟼
7  | 7  | 𝟕  | 𝟟  | 𝟩  | 𝟳  | 𝟽
8  | 8  | 𝟖  | 𝟠  | 𝟪  | 𝟴  | 𝟾
9  | 9  | 𝟗  | 𝟡  | 𝟫  | 𝟵  | 𝟿

### Glyph variants

Variation selectors may be used to specify chancery (U+FE00) vs roundhand (U+FE01) forms, if a computer font is available that supports them:[8]

Code point | Plain | FE00 | FE01

|
|
|

U+1D49C | 𝒜 | 𝒜︀ | 𝒜︁
U+212C | ℬ | ℬ︀ | ℬ︁
U+1D49E | 𝒞 | 𝒞︀ | 𝒞︁
U+1D49F | 𝒟 | 𝒟︀ | 𝒟︁
U+2130 | ℰ | ℰ︀ | ℰ︁
U+2131 | ℱ | ℱ︀ | ℱ︁
U+1D4A2 | 𝒢 | 𝒢︀ | 𝒢︁
U+210B | ℋ | ℋ︀ | ℋ︁
U+2110 | ℐ | ℐ︀ | ℐ︁
U+1D4A5 | 𝒥 | 𝒥︀ | 𝒥︁
U+1D4A6 | 𝒦 | 𝒦︀ | 𝒦︁
U+2112 | ℒ | ℒ︀ | ℒ︁
U+2133 | ℳ | ℳ︀ | ℳ︁
U+1D4A9 | 𝒩 | 𝒩︀ | 𝒩︁
U+1D4AA | 𝒪 | 𝒪︀ | 𝒪︁
U+1D4AB | 𝒫 | 𝒫︀ | 𝒫︁
U+1D4AC | 𝒬 | 𝒬︀ | 𝒬︁
U+211B | ℛ | ℛ︀ | ℛ︁
U+1D4AE | 𝒮 | 𝒮︀ | 𝒮︁
U+1D4AF | 𝒯 | 𝒯︀ | 𝒯︁
U+1D4B0 | 𝒰 | 𝒰︀ | 𝒰︁
U+1D4B1 | 𝒱 | 𝒱︀ | 𝒱︁
U+1D4B2 | 𝒲 | 𝒲︀ | 𝒲︁
U+1D4B3 | 𝒳 | 𝒳︀ | 𝒳︁
U+1D4B4 | 𝒴 | 𝒴︀ | 𝒴︁
U+1D4B5 | 𝒵 | 𝒵︀ | 𝒵︁

## Chart for the Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block

Template:Unicode chart Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols

## History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block:

Version | Final code points[lower-alpha 2] | Count | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document

|
|
|
|
|

L2/98-406 |  | Sargent, Murray (1998-12-01), Proposal to encode mathematical variant tags
L2/99-049 |  | Beeton, Barbara (1999-01-22), Addendum to L2/98-405: Request for assignment of codes to mathematical and technical symbols
L2/99-045 |  | Sargent, Murray; Beeton, Barbara (1999-02-04), Proposal to encode mathematical alphanumeric symbols
L2/98-419 (pdf, doc) |  | Aliprand, Joan (1999-02-05), Approved Minutes -- UTC #78 & NCITS Subgroup L2 # 175 Joint Meeting, San Jose, CA -- December 1-4, 1998
L2/99-188 |  | Beeton, Barbara; Sargent, Murray (1999-06-09), Proposal to encode mathematical alphanumeric symbols
L2/99-176R |  | Moore, Lisa (1999-11-04), Minutes from the joint UTC/L2 meeting in Seattle, June 8-10, 1999
L2/99-199 |  | Freytag, Asmus (1999-06-14), Math Alphabets
L2/99-054R |  | Aliprand, Joan (1999-06-21), Approved Minutes from the UTC/L2 meeting in Palo Alto, February 3-5, 1999
L2/99-195 | N2086 (html, doc) | Sargent, Murray; Beeton, Barbara (1999-09-02), Proposal to encode mathematical alphanumeric symbols
L2/00-010 | N2103 | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2000-01-05), Minutes of WG 2 meeting 37, Copenhagen, Denmark: 1999-09-13—16
L2/00-002 |  | Beeton, Barbara (2000-01-09), Request for assignment of codes to mathematical and technical symbols that do not appear in Unicode 2.0 or ISO/IEC 10646
L2/00-005R2 |  | Moore, Lisa (2000-02-14), Minutes of UTC #82 in San Jose
L2/00-074 | N2168 | Karlsson, Kent (2000-03-02), Comments on "Math Alphanumeric" characters for 10646-2
L2/00-094 | N2191 |  Proposal for Encoding Additional Mathematical Symbols in the BMP, 2000-03-14
L2/00-119[lower-alpha 3] | N2191R | Whistler, Ken; Freytag, Asmus (2000-04-19), Encoding Additional Mathematical Symbols in Unicode
L2/00-240 |  | Whistler, Ken (2000-07-07), Re: Mathematical Letter Symbols
L2/00-234 | N2203 (rtf, txt) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2000-07-21), Minutes from the SC2/WG2 meeting in Beijing, 2000-03-21 -- 24
L2/00-249 |  | Karlsson, Kent (2000-08-03), Re: UTC Agenda item: Mathematical Letter Symbols
L2/00-250 |  | Davis, Mark (2000-08-03), Re: UTC Agenda item: Mathematical Letter Symbols
L2/00-251 |  | Whistler, Ken (2000-08-03), Re: UTC Agenda item: Mathematical Letter Symbols
L2/00-115R2 |  | Moore, Lisa (2000-08-08), Minutes Of UTC Meeting #83
L2/00-271 |  | Sargent, Murray (2000-08-11), A Few Remarks Concerning the Math Alphanumerics
L2/00-280 |  | Whistler, Ken (2000-08-22), Math alphanumerics and MathML: A challenge
L2/00-187 |  | Moore, Lisa (2000-08-23), UTC minutes -- Boston, August 8-11, 2000
L2/00-336 | N2272 | Freytag, Asmus (2000-09-15), On the requirements for alphanumeric fonts for mathematical use
L2/01-050 | N2253 | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2001-01-21), Minutes of the SC2/WG2 meeting in Athens, September 2000
L2/02-366 |  | Pantelia, Maria (2002-11-07), Proposal to encode two Letterlike Symbols in the UCS
L2/02-345 |  | Moore, Lisa (2002-11-18), UTC #93 Minutes
L2/20-275R |  | Sargent, Murray (2021-01-05), Proposed variation sequences for math calligraphic letters
L2/20-281 |  | Hudson, John (2020-11-10), Recent evolution of math alphabetic calligraphic script style
L2/21-016R |  | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai (2021-01-14), Recommendations to UTC #166 January 2021 on Script Proposals
L2/21-009 |  | Moore, Lisa (2021-01-27), UTC #166 Minutes, "The UTC accepts 52 variation sequences to distinguish roundhand and chancery style mathematical script alphabetic characters"
4.0 | U+1D4C1 | 1 |  | N2449 |  Defect Report on MATHEMATICAL SCRIPT SMALL L, 2002-05-15
L2/02-372 | N2453 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2002-10-30), Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 42
4.1 | U+1D6A4..1D6A5 | 2 | L2/03-194 | N2590 | Freytag, Asmus (2003-06-09), Additional Mathematical and Letterlike Characters
5.0 | U+1D7CA..1D7CB | 2 | L2/04-406 |  | Freytag, Asmus; Sargent, Murray; Beeton, Barbara; Carlisle, David (2004-11-15), Progress report on Mathematical Symbols
L2/04-410 |  | Freytag, Asmus (2004-11-18), Twenty six mathematical characters

1. ↑ Unicode thus assumes a given font is a serif by default; a sans-serif font that supports the range would thus display the standard letters and the "sans-serif" symbols identically but could not display normal serif symbols of the same.
2. ↑ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names
3. ↑ Refer to the history section of the Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B block for additional math-related documents

## See also

* Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering
* List of mathematical uses of Latin letters
* Mathematical operators and symbols in Unicode
* List of typographic features § Features intended for digits and math
* Mathematical notation
* Symbols for Legacy Computing Supplement for outlined Latin glyphs and numerals

## References

1. ↑ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. https://www.unicode.org/ucd/. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
2. ↑ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. https://www.unicode.org/versions/enumeratedversions.html. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
3. ↑ "22.2 Letterlike Symbols". The Unicode Standard, Version 13.0. Mountain View, CA: Unicode, Inc. March 2020. https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode13.0.0/ch22.pdf#G15993.
4. ↑ "Bold and Cursive Unicode Text Tool - 𝐁𝐨𝐥𝐝 and 𝕮𝖚𝖗𝖘𝖎𝖛𝖊". 2023-07-18. https://www.boldtextgenerator.co/.
5. ↑ Unicode code chart U1D400 (PDF)
6. ↑ ""Letterlike Symbols", The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0 - U2100". Unicode Consortium. https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2100.pdf#page=3. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
7. ↑ "Unicode Technical Note #27: Known Anomalies in Unicode Character Names". Unicode Consortium. 2006-05-08. https://unicode.org/notes/tn27/. Retrieved 2011-06-11.
8. ↑ "Unicode Character Database: Standardized Variation Sequences". The Unicode Consortium. https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/StandardizedVariants.txt.

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