Ammonia fungi

Short description: Fungus that develops in fruit bodies

Ammonia fungi are fungi that develop fruit bodies exclusively or relatively abundantly on soil that has had ammonia or other nitrogen-containing materials added. The nitrogen materials react as bases by themselves, or after decomposition.[1] The addition of ammonia or urea causes numerous chemical and biological changes, for examples, the pH of soil litter is increased to 8–10; the high alkaline conditions interrupts the process of nutrient recycling.[2] The mechanisms of colonization, establishment, and occurrence of fruiting bodies of ammonia fungi has been researched in the field and the laboratory.[3][4]

## Species

* Ascobolus denudatus
* Calocybe leucocephala
* Coprinopsis cinerea
* Coprinopsis echinospora
* Coprinopsis neolagopus
* Coprinopsis neophlyctidospora[5]
* Coprinopsis phlyctidospora
* Coprinopsis stercorea
* Crucispora rhombisperma
* Hebeloma luchuense[6]
* Hebeloma radicosoides[7]
* Hebeloma radicosum
* Hebeloma spoliatum
* Hebeloma vinosophyllum
* Laccaria amethystina[8]
* Laccaria bicolor[9]
* Sagaranella tylicolor

## References

1. ↑ Sagara N. (1975). "Ammonia fungi – a chemoecological grouping of terrestrial fungi". Contributions of the Biology Lab of Kyoto 24: 205–76.
2. ↑ Soponsathien S. (1998). "Some characteristics of ammonia fungi 1. In relation to their ligninolytic enzyme activities". The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology 44 (5): 337–345. doi:10.2323/jgam.44.337. PMID 12501413. http://joi.jlc.jst.go.jp/JST.JSTAGE/jgam/44.337?from=PubMed. Retrieved 2009-04-19.
3. ↑ Suzuki A. (2006). "Experimental and physiological ecology of ammonia fungi: studies using natural substances and artificial media". Mycoscience 47: 3–17. doi:10.1007/s10267-005-0270-8.
4. ↑ "Soil fungi associated with graves and latrines: toward a forensic mycology". Soil Analysis in Forensic Taphonomy: Chemical and Biological Effects of Buried Human Remains. Boca Raton: CRC. 2008. pp. 67–107. ISBN 978-1-4200-6991-4. https://archive.org/details/soilanalysisfore00tibb.
5. ↑ "Coprinopsis neophlyctidospora sp. nov., a new ammonia fungus from boreal forests in Canada". Mycotaxon 115: 227–38. 2011. doi:10.5248/115.227.
6. ↑ "Ammonia fungi of Iriomote Island in the southern Ryukyus, Japan and a new ammonia fungus, Hebeloma luchuense". Mycoscience 36 (4): 425–30. 1995. doi:10.1007/BF02268627.
7. ↑ "Hebeloma radicosoides sp. nov., an agaric belonging to the chemoecological group ammonia fungi". Mycological Research 104 (8): 1017–24. 2000. doi:10.1017/S0953756299002439.
8. ↑ Imamura A. (2001). "Report on Laccaria amethystina, newly confirmed as an ammonia fungus". Mycoscience 42 (6): 623–25. doi:10.1007/BF02460961.
9. ↑ Mueller GM. (1992). Systematics of Laccaria (Agaricales) in the Continental United States and Canada, with discussions on extralimital taxa and descriptions of extant types. Chicago, Illinois: Field Museum of Natural History.

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