Quantum Doubly special relativity

Short description: Generalization of special relativity
←Physics:Quantum basics Curved momentum space in doubly special
relativity, introducing an invariant energy scale in addition to the
speed of light. Doubly special relativity[1][2] (DSR) – also called
deformed special relativity – is a modified theory of special
relativity in which there is not only an observer-independent maximum
velocity (the speed of light), but also an observer-independent
maximum energy scale (the Planck energy) and/or a minimum length scale
(the Planck length).[3] This contrasts with other[clarification
needed] Lorentz-violating theories, such as the Standard-Model
Extension, where Lorentz invariance is instead broken by the presence
of a preferred frame. The main motivation for this theory is that the
Planck energy should be the scale where as yet unknown quantum gravity
effects become important and, due to invariance of physical laws, this
scale should remain fixed in all inertial frames.[4] Contents 1
History 2 Predictions 3 De Sitter relativity 4 Further reading 5 See
also 5.1 Search 5.2 Core pathway 5.3 Full contents 5.3.1 Foundations
5.3.2 Conceptual and interpretations 5.3.3 Mathematical structure and
systems 5.3.4 Atomic and spectroscopy 5.3.5 Wavefunctions and modes
5.3.6 Quantum information and computing 5.3.7 Quantum optics and
experiments 5.3.8 Open quantum systems 5.3.9 Quantum field theory
5.3.10 Statistical mechanics and kinetic theory 5.3.11 Plasma and
fusion physics 5.3.12 Timeline 5.3.13 Advanced and frontier topics 6
References History[edit] First attempts to modify special relativity
by introducing an observer-independent length were made by Pavlopoulos
(1967), who estimated this length at about 10−15 metres.[5][6] In
the context of quantum gravity, Giovanni Amelino-Camelia (2000)
introduced what is now called doubly special relativity, by proposing
a specific realization of preserving invariance of the Planck length
1.616255×10−35 m.[7][8] This was reformulated by Kowalski-Glikman
(2001) in terms of an observer-independent Planck mass.[9] A different
model, inspired by that of Amelino-Camelia, was proposed in 2001 by
João Magueijo and Lee Smolin, who also focused on the invariance of
Planck energy.[10][11] It was realized that there are, indeed, three
kinds of deformation of special relativity that allow one to achieve
an invariance of the Planck energy; either as a maximum energy, as a
maximal momentum, or both. DSR models are possibly related to loop
quantum gravity in 2+1 dimensions (two space, one time), and it has
been conjectured that a relation also exists in 3+1
dimensions.[12][13] The motivation for these proposals is mainly
theoretical, based on the following observation: The Planck energy is
expected to play a fundamental role in a theory of quantum gravity;
setting the scale at which quantum gravity effects cannot be neglected
and new phenomena might become important. If special relativity is to
hold up exactly to this scale, different observers would observe
quantum gravity effects at different scales, due to the
Lorentz–FitzGerald contraction, in contradiction to the principle
that all inertial observers should be able to describe phenomena by
the same physical laws. This motivation has been criticized, on the
grounds that the result of a Lorentz transformation does not itself
constitute an observable phenomenon.[4] DSR also suffers from several
inconsistencies in formulation that have yet to be resolved.[14][15]
Most notably, it is difficult to recover the standard transformation
behavior for macroscopic bodies, known as the soccer ball problem.[16]
The other conceptual difficulty is that DSR is a priori formulated in
momentum space. There is, as of yet, no consistent formulation of the
model in position space. Predictions[edit] See also: Physics:Modern
searches for Lorentz violation Measurements on light from gamma-ray
bursts show that the speed of light does not vary with energy.
Artist's conception. Experiments to date have not observed
contradictions to Special Relativity. It was initially speculated that
ordinary special relativity and doubly special relativity would make
distinct physical predictions in high-energy processes and, in
particular, the derivation of the GZK limit on energies of cosmic rays
from distant sources would not be valid. However, it is now
established that standard doubly special relativity does not predict
any suppression of the GZK cutoff, contrary to the models where an
absolute local rest frame exists, such as effective field theories
like the Standard-Model Extension. Since DSR generically (though not
necessarily) implies an energy-dependence of the speed of light, it
has further been predicted that, if there are modifications to first
order in energy over the Planck mass, this energy-dependence would be
observable in high energetic photons reaching Earth from distant gamma
ray bursts. Depending on whether the now energy-dependent speed of
light increases or decreases with energy (a model-dependent feature),
highly energetic photons would be faster or slower than the lower
energetic ones.[17] However, the Fermi-LAT experiment in 2009 measured
a 31 GeV photon, which nearly simultaneously arrived with other
photons from the same burst, which excluded such dispersion effects
even above the Planck energy.[18] Moreover, it has been argued that
DSR, with an energy-dependent speed of light, is inconsistent and
first order effects are ruled out already because they would lead to
non-local particle interactions that would long have been observed in
particle physics experiments.[19] De Sitter relativity[edit] Main
article: Physics:Quantum De Sitter invariant special relativity Since
the de Sitter group naturally incorporates an invariant length
parameter, de Sitter relativity can be interpreted as an example of
doubly special relativity because de Sitter spacetime incorporates
invariant velocity, as well as length parameter. There is a
fundamental difference, though: whereas in all doubly special
relativity models the Lorentz symmetry is violated, in de Sitter
relativity it remains as a physical symmetry. A drawback of the usual
doubly special relativity models is that they are valid only at the
energy scales where ordinary special relativity is supposed to break
down, giving rise to a patchwork relativity. On the other hand, de
Sitter relativity is found to be invariant under a simultaneous
re-scaling of mass, energy and momentum, and is consequently valid at
all energy scales. Further reading[edit] Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni
(2002). "Doubly-Special Relativity: First Results and Key Open
Problems". International Journal of Modern Physics D 11 (10):
1643–1669. doi:10.1142/S021827180200302X.
Bibcode: 2002IJMPD..11.1643A.  Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni (2002).
"Relativity: Special treatment". Nature 418 (6893): 34–35.
doi:10.1038/418034a. PMID 12097897. Bibcode: 2002Natur.418...34A. 
Cardone, F.; Mignani, R. (2004). Energy and Geometry: An Introduction
to Deformed Special Relativity. World Scientific.
ISBN 981-238-728-5.  Jafari, N.; Shariati, A. (2006). "Doubly
Special Relativity: A New Relativity or Not?". 841. pp. 462–465.
doi:10.1063/1.2218214.  Kowalski-Glikman, J. (2005). "Introduction to
Doubly Special Relativity". Planck Scale Effects in Astrophysics and
Cosmology. Lecture Notes in Physics. 669. pp. 131–159.
doi:10.1007/b105189. ISBN 978-3-540-25263-4.  Smolin, Lee (2006).
"Chapter 14. Building on Einstein". The Trouble with Physics: The Rise
of String Theory, the Fall of a Science, and What Comes Next. Boston,
Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 978-0-618-55105-7.
OCLC 64453453.  Smolin writes for the layman a brief history of the
development of DSR and how it ties in with string theory and
cosmology. See also[edit] Search Core pathway[edit] Physics:Quantum
basics Physics:Quantum mechanics Physics:Quantum Mathematical
Foundations of Quantum_Theory Physics:Quantum Interpretations of
quantum mechanics Physics:Quantum Atomic structure and spectroscopy
Physics:Quantum Open quantum systems Physics:Quantum Statistical
mechanics Physics:Quantum Kinetic theory Physics:Plasma physics
(fusion context) Physics:Tokamak physics Physics:Tokamak edge physics
and recycling asymmetries Full contents[edit] Foundations[edit]
Physics:Quantum basics Physics:Quantum mechanics Physics:Quantum
mechanics measurements Physics:Quantum Mathematical Foundations of
Quantum_Theory Conceptual and interpretations[edit] Physics:Quantum
Interpretations of quantum mechanics Physics:Quantum A Spooky Action
at a Distance Physics:Quantum A Walk Through the Universe
Physics:Quantum: The Secret of Cohesion: How Waves Hold Matter
Together Mathematical structure and systems[edit] Physics:Quantum
Exactly solvable quantum systems Physics:Quantum Formulas Collection
Physics:Quantum A Matter Of Size Physics:Quantum Symmetry in quantum
mechanics Physics:Quantum Matter Elements and Particles Atomic and
spectroscopy[edit] Physics:Quantum Atomic structure and spectroscopy
Wavefunctions and modes[edit] Physics:Number of independent spatial
modes in a spherical volume Quantum information and computing[edit]
Physics:Quantum information theory Physics:Quantum Computing
Algorithms in the NISQ Era Physics:Quantum_Noisy_Qubits Quantum optics
and experiments[edit] Physics:Quantum Nonlinear King plot anomaly in
calcium isotope spectroscopy Physics:Quantum optics beam splitter
experiments Physics:Quantum Ultra fast lasers Physics:Quantum
Experimental quantum physics Template Quantum optics operators Open
quantum systems[edit] Physics:Quantum Open quantum systems Quantum
field theory[edit] Physics:Quantum field theory (QFT) basics
Statistical mechanics and kinetic theory[edit] Physics:Quantum
Statistical mechanics Physics:Quantum Kinetic theory Plasma and fusion
physics[edit] Physics:Plasma physics (fusion context) Physics:Tokamak
physics Physics:Tokamak edge physics and recycling asymmetries
Hierarchy of modern physics models showing the progression from
quantum statistical mechanics to kinetic theory and plasma physics,
culminating in tokamak edge transport and recycling asymmetries.
Timeline[edit] Physics:Quantum mechanics/Timeline
Physics:Quantum_mechanics/Timeline/Quiz/ Advanced and frontier
topics[edit] Physics:Quantum Supersymmetry Physics:Quantum Black hole
thermodynamics Physics:Quantum Holographic principle Physics:Quantum
gravity Physics:Quantum De Sitter invariant special relativity
Physics:Quantum Doubly special relativity References[edit] ↑
Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni (1 November 2009). "Doubly-Special
Relativity: Facts, Myths and Some Key Open Issues". Recent
Developments in Theoretical Physics. Statistical Science and
Interdisciplinary Research. 9. pp. 123–170.
doi:10.1142/9789814287333_0006. ISBN 978-981-4287-32-6.  ↑
Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni (1 July 2002). "Doubly Special Relativity".
Nature 418 (6893): 34–35. doi:10.1038/418034a. PMID 12097897.
Bibcode: 2002Natur.418...34A.  ↑ Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni (2010).
"Doubly-Special Relativity: Facts, Myths and Some Key Open Issues".
Symmetry 2 (4): 230–271. doi:10.3390/sym2010230.
Bibcode: 2010rdtp.book..123A.  ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hossenfelder, S. (2006).
"Interpretation of Quantum Field Theories with a Minimal Length
Scale". Physical Review D 73 (10). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.73.105013.
Bibcode: 2006PhRvD..73j5013H.  ↑ Pavlopoulos, T. G. (1967).
"Breakdown of Lorentz Invariance". Physical Review 159 (5):
1106–1110. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.159.1106.
Bibcode: 1967PhRv..159.1106P.  ↑ Pavlopoulos, T. G. (2005). "Are
we observing Lorentz violation in gamma ray bursts?". Physics Letters
B 625 (1–2): 13–18. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2005.08.064.
Bibcode: 2005PhLB..625...13P.  ↑ Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni (2001).
"Testable scenario for relativity with minimum length". Physics
Letters B 510 (1–4): 255–263. doi:10.1016/S0370-2693(01)00506-8.
Bibcode: 2001PhLB..510..255A.  ↑ Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni (2002).
"Relativity in spacetimes with short-distance structure governed by an
observer-independent (Planckian) length scale". International Journal
of Modern Physics D 11 (1): 35–59. doi:10.1142/S0218271802001330.
Bibcode: 2002IJMPD..11...35A.  ↑ Kowalski-Glikman, J. (2001).
"Observer-independent quantum of mass". Physics Letters A 286 (6):
391–394. doi:10.1016/S0375-9601(01)00465-0.
Bibcode: 2001PhLA..286..391K.  ↑ Magueijo, J.; Smolin, L. (2002).
"Lorentz invariance with an invariant energy scale". Physical Review
Letters 88 (19). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.190403. PMID 12005620.
Bibcode: 2002PhRvL..88s0403M.  ↑ Magueijo, J.; Smolin, L. (2003).
"Generalized Lorentz invariance with an invariant energy scale".
Physical Review D 67 (4). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.67.044017.
Bibcode: 2003PhRvD..67d4017M.  ↑ Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni;
Smolin, Lee; Starodubtsev, Artem (2004). "Quantum symmetry, the
cosmological constant and Planck-scale phenomenology". Classical and
Quantum Gravity 21 (13): 3095–3110. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/21/13/002.
Bibcode: 2004CQGra..21.3095A.  ↑ Freidel, Laurent;
Kowalski-Glikman, Jerzy; Smolin, Lee (2004). "2+1 gravity and doubly
special relativity". Physical Review D 69 (4).
doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.69.044001. Bibcode: 2004PhRvD..69d4001F.  ↑
Aloisio, R.; Galante, A.; Grillo, A. F.; Luzio, E.; Mendez, F. (2004).
"Approaching Space Time Through Velocity in Doubly Special
Relativity". Physical Review D 70 (12).
doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.70.125012. Bibcode: 2004PhRvD..70l5012A.  ↑
Aloisio, R.; Galante, A.; Grillo, A.F.; Luzio, E.; Mendez, F. (2005).
"A note on DSR-like approach to space-time". Physics Letters B 610
(1–2): 101–106. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2005.01.090.
Bibcode: 2005PhLB..610..101A.  ↑ Hossenfelder, Sabine (9 July
2014). "The Soccer-Ball Problem". Symmetry, Integrability and
Geometry: Methods and Applications 10: 74. doi:10.3842/SIGMA.2014.074.
Bibcode: 2014SIGMA..10..074H.
http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/2014/074/. Retrieved 16 April
2022.  ↑ Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni; Smolin, Lee (2009). "Prospects
for constraining quantum gravity dispersion with near term
observations". Physical Review D 80 (8).
doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.80.084017. Bibcode: 2009PhRvD..80h4017A.  ↑
Fermi LAT Collaboration (2009). "A limit on the variation of the speed
of light arising from quantum gravity effects". Nature 462 (7271):
331–334. doi:10.1038/nature08574. PMID 19865083.
Bibcode: 2009Natur.462..331A.  ↑ Hossenfelder, S. (2009). "The
Box-Problem in Deformed Special Relativity". arXiv:0912.0090 [gr-qc].
Author: Harold Foppele 0.00 (0 votes) Retrieved from
"https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Physics:Quantum_Doubly_special_relativity&oldid=4263271"