Comparison of user features of chatbots

Short description: none

Comparison of user features of chatbots refers to a comparison of the general user features of major chatbot applications or web interfaces, in a narrative format. It is a comparison of basic roles and the most prominent features. It does not encompass a full exhaustive comparison or description of all technical details of all chatbots. It also includes the most important features of the chatbots origins, historical development, and role.

This primarily includes generative AI systems that are capable of accepting natural language prompts as input.

## Contents

* 1 Background
* 1.1 Generative artificial intelligence
* 1.2 Chatbots
* 2 Comparison
* 2.1 ChatGPT
* 2.2 Microsoft Copilot
* 2.3 Bard
* 2.4 Ernie Bot
* 2.5 Grok
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Background

### Generative artificial intelligence

This section is an excerpt from Generative artificial intelligence[ edit ]

Generative artificial intelligence or generative AI is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) system capable of generating text, images, or other media in response to prompts.[1][2] Generative AI models learn the patterns and structure of their input training data, and then generate new data that has similar characteristics.[3][4]

Notable generative AI systems include ChatGPT (and its variant Bing Chat), a chatbot built by OpenAI using their GPT-3 and GPT-4 foundational large language models,[5] and Bard, a chatbot built by Google using their LaMDA foundation model.[6] Other generative AI models include artificial intelligence art systems such as Stable Diffusion, Midjourney, and DALL-E.[7]

Generative AI has potential applications across a wide range of industries, including art, writing, software development, product design, healthcare, finance, gaming, marketing, and fashion.[8][9][10]

Investment in generative AI surged during the early 2020s, with large companies such as Microsoft, Google, and Baidu as well as numerous smaller firms developing generative AI models.[1][11][12] However, there are also concerns about the potential misuse of generative AI, such as in creating fake news or deepfakes, which can be used to deceive or manipulate people.[13]

### Chatbots

This section is an excerpt from Chatbot[ edit ]

A virtual assistant chatbot

A chatbot (originally chatterbot[14]) is a software application or web interface that is designed to mimic human conversation through text or voice interactions.[15][16][17] Modern chatbots are typically online and use generative artificial intelligence systems that are capable of maintaining a conversation with a user in natural language and simulating the way a human would behave as a conversational partner. Such chatbots often use deep learning and natural language processing, but simpler chatbots have existed for decades.

As of 2022, the field has gained widespread attention due to the popularity of OpenAI's ChatGPT (using GPT-3 or GPT-4),[18] released in 2022 and 2023 respectively,[19] followed by alternatives such as Microsoft's Copilot (which uses OpenAI's GPT-4) and Google's Bard.[20] Such examples reflect the recent practice of such products being built based upon broad foundational large language models that get fine-tuned so as to target specific tasks or applications (i.e. simulating human conversation, in the case of chatbots). Chatbots can also be designed or customized to further target even more specific situations and/or particular subject-matter domains.[21]

A major area where chatbots have long been used is in customer service and support, with various sorts of virtual assistants.[22] Companies spanning a wide range of industries have begun using the latest generative artificial intelligence technologies to power more advanced developments in such areas.[21]

## Comparison

### ChatGPT

This section is an excerpt from ChatGPT[ edit ]

### Microsoft Copilot

This section is an excerpt from Microsoft Copilot[ edit ]

### Bard

This section is an excerpt from Bard (chatbot)[ edit ]

### Ernie Bot

This section is an excerpt from Ernie Bot[ edit ]

Ernie Bot (Chinese: 文心一言, Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.), full name Enhanced Representation through Knowledge Integration,[23] is an AI chatbot service product of Baidu, under development since 2019. It is based on a large language model named "Ernie 4.0", announced on October 17, 2023.[24]

### Grok

This section is an excerpt from Grok (chatbot)[ edit ]

## See also

* Comparison of user features of operating systems
* Comparison of user features of messaging platforms

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Griffith, Erin; Metz, Cade (2023-01-27). "Anthropic Said to Be Closing In on $300 Million in New A.I. Funding". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/27/technology/anthropic-ai-funding.html. Retrieved 2023-03-14.
2. ↑ Lanxon, Nate; Bass, Dina; Davalos, Jackie (March 10, 2023). "A Cheat Sheet to AI Buzzwords and Their Meanings". Bloomberg News. https://news.bloomberglaw.com/tech-and-telecom-law/a-cheat-sheet-to-ai-buzzwords-and-their-meanings-quicktake.
3. ↑ Pasick, Adam (2023-03-27). "Artificial Intelligence Glossary: Neural Networks and Other Terms Explained" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/article/ai-artificial-intelligence-glossary.html.
4. ↑ "Generative models". 2016-06-16. https://openai.com/research/generative-models.
5. ↑ Metz, Cade (2023-03-14). "OpenAI Plans to Up the Ante in Tech's A.I. Race" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/14/technology/openai-gpt4-chatgpt.html.
6. ↑ Thoppilan, Romal; De Freitas, Daniel; Hall, Jamie; Shazeer, Noam; Kulshreshtha, Apoorv; Cheng, Heng-Tze; Jin, Alicia; Bos, Taylor; Baker, Leslie; Du, Yu; Li, YaGuang; Lee, Hongrae; Zheng, Huaixiu Steven; Ghafouri, Amin; Menegali, Marcelo; Huang, Yanping; Krikun, Maxim; Lepikhin, Dmitry; Qin, James; Chen, Dehao; Xu, Yuanzhong; Chen, Zhifeng; Roberts, Adam; Bosma, Maarten; Zhao, Vincent; Zhou, Yanqi; Chang, Chung-Ching; Krivokon, Igor; Rusch, Will; Pickett, Marc; Srinivasan, Pranesh; Man, Laichee; Meier-Hellstern, Kathleen; Ringel Morris, Meredith; Doshi, Tulsee; Delos Santos, Renelito; Duke, Toju; Soraker, Johnny; Zevenbergen, Ben; Prabhakaran, Vinodkumar; Diaz, Mark; Hutchinson, Ben; Olson, Kristen; Molina, Alejandra; Hoffman-John, Erin; Lee, Josh; Aroyo, Lora; Rajakumar, Ravi; Butryna, Alena; Lamm, Matthew; Kuzmina, Viktoriya; Fenton, Joe; Cohen; Aaron; Bernstein, Rachel; Kurzweil, Ray; Aguera-Arcas, Blaise; Cui, Claire; Croak, Marian; Chi, Ed; Le, Quoc (January 20, 2022). "LaMDA: Language Models for Dialog Applications". arXiv:2201.08239 [cs.CL].
7. ↑ Roose, Kevin (2022-10-21). "A Coming-Out Party for Generative A.I., Silicon Valley's New Craze". https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/21/technology/generative-ai.html.
8. ↑ "Don't fear an AI-induced jobs apocalypse just yet". The Economist. 2023-03-06. https://www.economist.com/business/2023/03/06/dont-fear-an-ai-induced-jobs-apocalypse-just-yet. Retrieved 2023-03-14.
9. ↑ Harreis, H.; Koullias, T.; Roberts, Roger. "Generative AI: Unlocking the future of fashion". https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/retail/our-insights/generative-ai-unlocking-the-future-of-fashion.
10. ↑ "How Generative AI Can Augment Human Creativity". Harvard Business Review. 2023-06-16. ISSN 0017-8012. https://hbr.org/2023/07/how-generative-ai-can-augment-human-creativity.
11. ↑ "The race of the AI labs heats up". The Economist. 2023-01-30. https://www.economist.com/business/2023/01/30/the-race-of-the-ai-labs-heats-up. Retrieved 2023-03-14.
12. ↑ Yang, June; Gokturk, Burak (2023-03-14). "Google Cloud brings generative AI to developers, businesses, and governments". https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/ai-machine-learning/generative-ai-for-businesses-and-governments.
13. ↑ Justin Hendrix (May 16, 2023). "Transcript: Senate Judiciary Subcommittee Hearing on Oversight of AI". https://techpolicy.press/transcript-senate-judiciary-subcommittee-hearing-on-oversight-of-ai/.
14. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `Mauldin`
15. ↑ "What is a chatbot?". http://searchdomino.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid4_gci935566,00.html.
16. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `:1`
17. ↑ Adamopoulou, Eleni; Moussiades, Lefteris (2020). "Chatbots: History, technology, and applications". Machine Learning with Applications 2: 100006. doi:10.1016/j.mlwa.2020.100006.
18. ↑ Hu, Krystal (2 February 2023). "ChatGPT sets record for fastest-growing user base - analyst note". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/chatgpt-sets-record-fastest-growing-user-base-analyst-note-2023-02-01/.
19. ↑ Hines, Kristi (2023-06-04). "History Of ChatGPT: A Timeline Of The Meteoric Rise Of Generative AI Chatbots" (in en). https://www.searchenginejournal.com/history-of-chatgpt-timeline/488370/.
20. ↑ "ChatGPT vs. Bing vs. Google Bard: Which AI is the Most Helpful?". https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/chatgpt-vs-bing-vs-google-bard-which-ai-is-the-most-helpful/.
21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 "GPT-4 takes the world by storm - List of companies that integrated the chatbot". 21 March 2023. https://www.livemint.com/technology/tech-news/gpt4-takes-the-world-by-storm-list-of-companies-that-integrated-the-chatbot-11679293885004.html.
22. ↑ "2017 Messenger Bot Landscape, a Public Spreadsheet Gathering 1000+ Messenger Bots". 3 May 2017. https://cai.tools.sap/blog/2017-messenger-bot-landscape/.
23. ↑ Yang, Zeyi (2023-03-16). "Chinese tech giant Baidu just released its answer to ChatGPT". https://www.technologyreview.com/2023/03/16/1069919/baidu-ernie-bot-chatgpt-launch.
24. ↑ Mo, Yelin; Baptista, Eduardo (2023-10-17). "China's Baidu unveils new Ernie AI version to rival GPT-4" (in en). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/chinas-baidu-unveils-latest-version-its-ernie-ai-model-2023-10-17/.

## External links

* v
* t
* e

Natural language processing

General terms|

* Natural language understanding
* Text corpus
* Speech corpus
* Stopwords
* Bag-of-words
* AI-complete
* n-gram (Bigram, Trigram)

Text analysis|

* Text segmentation
* Part-of-speech tagging
* Text chunking
* Compound term processing
* Collocation extraction
* Stemming
* Lemmatisation
* Named-entity recognition
* Coreference resolution
* Sentiment analysis
* Concept mining
* Parsing
* Word-sense disambiguation
* Ontology learning
* Terminology extraction
* Textual entailment
* Truecasing

Automatic summarization|

* Multi-document summarization
* Sentence extraction
* Text simplification

Machine translation|

* Computer-assisted
* Example-based
* Rule-based
* Neural

Automatic identification
and data capture|

* Speech recognition
* Speech synthesis
* Optical character recognition
* Natural language generation

Topic model|

* Pachinko allocation
* Latent Dirichlet allocation
* Latent semantic analysis

Computer-assisted
reviewing|

* Automated essay scoring
* Concordancer
* Grammar checker
* Predictive text
* Spell checker
* Syntax guessing

Natural language
user interface|

* Automated online assistant
* Chatbot
* Interactive fiction
* Question answering
* Voice user interface

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