Initiatives and referendums in the United States

The Initiative, Referendum, and Recall efforts became one of the most visible success stories of the early 20th century Progressive Era. The effort started out primarily as Initiative and Referendum and had several other names such as The Oregon System, I and R, and I&R.

William Simon U'Ren is generally considered to be the Father of The Oregon System.[1][2]

## Contents

* 1 History
* 2 See also
* 3 References
* 4 External links

## History[edit]

The ideas for I&R were imported from Switzerland, primarily by two men: William D. McCrackan and James W. Sullivan.[3] The efforts were primarily pushed by single taxers and proponents of Georgism.[4]

## See also[edit]

* Initiative
* Referendum
* Recall
* William Simon U'Ren

## References[edit]

1. ↑ Challenges and Opportunities On the Road to Reform in Illinois, PDF, University of Illinois, p. 22-25
2. ↑ Equity, Volumes 16-18, The Initiative, Referendum and Recall
3. ↑ A Government by the People: Direct Democracy in America, 1890-1940
4. ↑ Progressive Men, Women, and Movements of the Past Twenty-five Years

## External links[edit]

* Direct Legislation by the Citizenship Through the Initiative and Referendum, by James William Sullivan, 1893