Comparison of Linux distributions

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Technical variations of Linux distributions include support for different hardware devices and systems or software package configurations. Organizational differences may be motivated by historical reasons. Other criteria include security, including how quickly security upgrades are available; ease of package management; and number of packages available.

These tables compare notable distribution's latest stable release on wide-ranging objective criteria. It does not cover each operating system's subjective merits, branches marked as unstable or beta, nor compare Linux distributions with other operating systems.

## Contents

* 1 General
* 2 Technical
* 3 Instruction set architecture support
* 4 Package management and installation
* 5 Live media
* 6 Security features
* 7 Apple Silicon Support
* 8 See also
* 9 Notes
* 10 References
* 11 External links

## General

The table below shows general information about the distributions: founder or producer, maintainer, release date, the latest version, etc.

Linux distributions endorsed by the Free Software Foundation[1] are marked 100% Free under the System distribution commitment column.[relevant? - discuss]

Distribution  | Founder  | Maintainer  | Initial release year  | Current stable version  | Security updates (years)  | Release date  | System distribution commitment  | Forked from  | Target audience  | Cost  | Status

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AlmaLinux | AlmaLinux OS Foundation  | AlmaLinux OS Foundation  | 2021  |  | 10 years[2] |  | X  | Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)  | general  | None  | Active
Alpine Linux | Alpine Linux Team  | Alpine Linux Team  | 2006  |  | ?  |  | X  | LEAF Project | security, lightweight, general  | None  | Active
ALT Linux | ALT Linux Team  | ALT Linux Team, ALT Linux LLC  | 2001  |  | ?  |  | X  | Mandrake Linux  | general, school  | None  | Active
antiX | Anticapitalista  | Anticapitalista  | 2007  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian, MEPIS | old computers  | None  | Active
ArchBang | Willensky Aristide  | Stan McLaren  | 2011  | Rolling | Rolling | Rolling | X  | Arch Linux (UKM Edition)  | general  | None  | Active
Arch Linux | Judd Vinet  | dev team | 2002  | Rolling | Rolling | Rolling | X  | Independent, inspired from CRUX | general  | None  | Active
BLAG | Brixton Linux Action Group  | Brixton Linux Action Group  | 2002  |  | ?  |  | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] | Fedora | desktop  | None  | Inactive
Bodhi Linux | Bodhi Linux Team  | Bodhi Linux Team  | 2011  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian, Ubuntu | desktop, lightweight  | None  | Active
Canaima | CANTV / CNTI / CENTIDEL / Edelca / VIT / FUNDACITE / Free software community  | CANTV / CNTI / CENTIDEL / Edelca / VIT / FUNDACITE / Free software community  | 2007  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian, Ubuntu  | Government of Venezuela  | None  | Active
CentOS | CentOS Project  | CentOS Project  | 2003  | 8.5[4] | 10 years[5] | 2021-11-16[4] | X  | Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)  | server, workstation  | None  | Inactive
CentOS Stream | CentOS Project  | CentOS Project  | 2019  | 10[6] | 5 years[7] | 2024-12-12[6] | X  | Upstream of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)  | server, workstation  | None  | Active
Chakra | Jan Mette and Arch Linux KDEmod developers  | The Chakra Project Team  | 2010  | Rolling | Rolling | 2017.10  | X  | Arch Linux[8] | desktop  | None  | Inactive
Chimera Linux | q66  | Chimera Linux team  | 2021  | Rolling | Rolling | Rolling | X  | Independent  | general  | None  | Active
ChromeOS | Sundar Pichai  | Google | 2011  |  | Rolling |  | X  | Gentoo Linux | web applications  | None  | Active
Clear Linux OS | Arjan van de Ven  | Intel | 2015  | Rolling | Rolling | Rolling | X  | Independent  | container, server, desktop  | None  | Inactive[9]
ClearOS | Peter Baldwin  | ClearFoundation  | 2000  |  | ?  |  | X  | RHEL, CentOS  | server, gateway, network  | Some editions are free of charge  | Active
CrunchBang Linux | Philip Newborough  | Philip Newborough  | 2008  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian  | desktop  | None  | Inactive
CRUX | Per Lidén  | CRUX Community  | 2002  |  | ?  |  | X  | Independent  | general  | None  | Active
Damn Small Linux | John Andrews  | dev team | 2003  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian, Knoppix  | lightweight, portable  | None  | Inactive
Debian | Ian Murdock  | Debian Project  | 1996  |  | 5 years[g 1]
10 years Freexian ELTS (paid)  |  | Debian Social Contract and DFSG (main was 100% free, till 2022,[10][11] non-free packages were optional)[12] | Independent, inspired by Softlanding Linux System (SLS)[13] | general, server, desktop  | None  | Active
Devuan | The "Veteran Unix Admins" (VUA)  | The "Veteran Unix Admins" (VUA)  | 2017  |  | ?  |  | X[g 2] | Debian  | general  | None  | Active
Deepin | Wuhan Deepin Technology Co., Ltd.  | Wuhan Deepin Technology Co., Ltd.  | 2004  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian  | general  | None  | Active
Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre  | Matias A. Fonzo  | Matias A. Fonzo  | 2009  |  | ?  |  | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] | Independent, inspired from Slackware  | general  | None  | Inactive
dyne:bolic | Jaromil  | Jaromilx  | 2005  |  | ?  |  | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] | Debian | multimedia  | None  | Inactive
Elementary OS | Danielle Foré  | elementary LLC  | 2011  |  | ?  |  | X  | Ubuntu, Debian  | general  | None  | Active
Emdebian Grip | Embedded Debian Project  | Embedded Debian Project  | 2009  |  | End-of-life  |  | X  | Debian  | embedded systems | None  | Inactive
EndeavourOS | Bryan Poerwoatmodjo  | EndeavourOS  | 2019  | Rolling | ?  | 2022-09-14  | X  | Arch Linux  | general  | None  | Active
Fedora Linux | Fedora Project | Fedora Project  | 2003  |  | 1 year + 1 month  |  | Fedora Licensing Guidelines[14] | Red Hat Linux  | general  | None  | Active
Freespire | Lindows.com, Inc.  | PC/OpenSystems LLC  | 2001  |  | ?  |  | X  | Ubuntu  | desktop  | None  | Active
Gentoo Linux | Daniel Robbins  | Gentoo Foundation, Inc.  | 2002  | Rolling | Rolling | Rolling | Gentoo Social Contract  | Enoch Linux  | general  | None  | Active
Guix System | Ludovic Courtès  | Ludovic Courtès, Ricardo Wurmus, the Guix community  | 2012  |  | Rolling |  | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] | Independent, inspired by NixOS | general  | None  | Active
gNewSense | Brian Brazil and Paul O'Malley  | Sam Geeraerts with sponsorship from the Free Software Foundation | 2006  |  | ?  |  | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] | Debian | general, server  | None  | Inactive
Grml | Michael Prokop  | The Grml Team  | 2005  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian  | live, maintenance, security, network, forensic, accessibility  | None  | Active
Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre  | Hyperbola Founders  | Hyperbola Founders  | 2017  |  | 5 years (old stable)
3 years (stable)[15] |  | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] followed in Hyperbola Social Contract  | Arch Linux  | general  | None  | Active[16]
IPFire | Michael Tremer  | IPFire Project  | 2004  | 2.29 - Core Update 197  | Rolling | 2025-9-19  | X  | Independent  | firewall, router, security  | None  | Active
Kali Linux | Max Moser, Mati Aharoni, Martin J. Muench  | Offensive Security  | 2013  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian  | auditing, forensic, security, network  | None  | Active
Knoppix | Klaus Knopper  | dev team | 2000  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian  | live  | None  | Active
Korora | Chris Smart  | Dev Team  | 2005  |  | ?  |  | X  | Fedora  | desktop  | None  | Inactive
LibreCMC | LibreCMC team  | LibreCMC team  | 2010  |  | ?  |  | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] | Merged from LibreWRT  | embedded systems | None  | Active
Linspire | Linspire, Inc.  | Linspire, Inc.  | 2001  |  | ?  |  | X  | ?  | ?  | Commercial[17] | Active
Linux Mint | Clement Lefebvre  | dev team | 2006  |  | 5 years (main editions)
3 years (LMDE)  |
| X  | Debian (LMDE), Ubuntu (main editions)  | desktop  | None  | Active
Linux Lite | Jerry Bezencon  | Linux Lite Team  | 2012  |  | ?  |  | X  | Ubuntu | desktop  | None  | Active
Mageia | Mageia Community  | mageia.org  | 2011  |  | 2 years[18] |  | X  | Mandriva Linux  | general  | None  | Active
Mandriva Linux | Mandrakesoft S.A.  | Mandriva S.A.  | 1998  |  | ?  |  | X  | Red Hat Linux  | general  | Some editions are free of charge  | Inactive
Manjaro Linux | Roland Singer  | dev team | 2012[19] | Rolling | Rolling | Rolling | X  | Arch Linux  | general  | None  | Active
MEPIS | Warren Woodford  | MEPIS LLC  | 2003  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian  | desktop, server  | None  | Inactive
Miracle Linux | Cybertrust Japan  | Cybertrust Japan  | 2000  |  | 10 years (paid)  |  | X  | Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)  | server  | None  | Active
Musix GNU+Linux | Musix team  | Musix team  | 2008  |  | ?  |  | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] | Debian | multimedia  | None  | Inactive
MX Linux | MX Linux team  | MX Linux team  | 2013  | 25.1[20] | 5 years  | 2026-01-19  | X  | Debian, MEPIS, antiX  | desktop  | None  | Active
Netrunner  | Blue Systems  | dev team | 2009  |  | Debian packages as per Debian  |  | X  | Debian  | desktop  | None  | Active
NixOS | Eelco Dolstra and Armijn Hemel  | NixOS Foundation  | 2003  |  | 0.5 years  |  | X  | –  | general, server, desktop  | None  | Active
Novell Open Enterprise Server  | Novell | Novell, Inc. dev team | 2003  | 2023  | ?  | 2022-10  | X  | SUSE Linux Enterprise Server | server  | Commercial[21] | Active
OpenELEC | Stephan Raue, OpenELEC Team  | OpenELEC Team  | 2011  | 8.0.4  | ?  | 2017-06-04  | X  | Kodi  | multimedia  | None  | Inactive
openSUSE | SUSE Linux  | openSUSE Project  | 2006  |  | 2 years[22] |  | X  | Slackware, Jurix | general, desktop  | None  | Active
OpenWrt | ?  | OpenWrt team  | 2004  | [23] | ?  |  | X  | Independent  | embedded systems | None  | Active
OpenMandriva Lx | OpenMandriva Association  | OpenMandriva Association  | 2013  |  | 1 year  |  | X  | Mandriva Linux | general  | None  | Active
Oracle Linux | Oracle Corporation  | Oracle Corporation  | 2006  |  | ?  |  | X  | Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)  | server  | None  | Active
Parabola GNU/Linux-libre  | Parabola Hackers | Parabola Hackers | 2009  | Rolling[24] | Rolling | 2021-08-11[25] | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] followed in Parabola Social Contract  | Arch Linux | general  | None  | Active
Pardus | Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK)  | TÜBİTAK  | 2005  |  | ?  |  | X  | Gentoo (2011.2)
Debian  | general  | None  | Active
Parrot OS | Lorenzo "Palinuro" Faletra  | Parrot Dev Team  | 2013  |  | Rolling |  | X  | Debian  | security, desktop  | None  | Active
Parsix | Alan Baghumian  | Parsix Project | 2005  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian  | desktop  | None  | Inactive
Parted Magic | Patrick Verner | Parted Magic LLC. | 2007  |  | ?  |  | X  | Independent  | live, maintenance  | Commercial[26] | Active
PCLinuxOS | Bill Reynolds  | dev team | 2003  | 2025.09  | Semi-rolling  | 2025-09-20  | X  | Mandriva Linux  | desktop  | None  | Active
Pop! OS | Carl Ritchell  | System76  | 2017  |  | 2 years for LTS releases
2–3 months after the next release for other releases.  |  | X  | Ubuntu  | desktop, laptop  | None  | Active
Pentoo | Michael Zanetta, Rick Farina, Jens Pranaitis  | Pentoo  | 2005  | 2019.1  | ?  | 2019-01-17  | X  | Gentoo Linux  | auditing, security  | None  | Active
Porteus | Fanthom  | Porteus  | 2010  |  | ?  |  | X  | Slackware  | lightweight, portable  | None  | Active
Puppy Linux | Barry Kauler  | Puppy Foundation  | 2003  |  | ?  |  | X  | Independent, inspired from Vector linux  | lightweight, portable  | None  | Active
PureOS | Todd Weaver  | Purism  | 2009  |  | Stable and Rolling |  | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] | Debian | general, security, privacy  | None  | Active
Qubes OS | Joanna Rutkowska  | Invisible Things Lab  | 2012  |  | ?  |  | X  | Xen and Fedora  | security by compartmentalization, desktop  | None  | Active
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)  | Red Hat | Red Hat  | 2002  |  | 12 years (paid)[27] |  | X  | Red Hat Linux, Fedora  | general  | Commercial[28][29] | Active
Red Hat Linux | Red Hat  | Red Hat  | 1995  | alias Shrike  | ?  |  | X  | –  | server, workstation  | None  | Inactive
Rocks Cluster Distribution | UCSD Supercomputing Center, Clustercorp  | UCSD Supercomputing Center, Clustercorp  | 2000  |  | ?  |  | X  | Red Hat Linux  | server, workstation  | None  | Active
Rocky Linux | Rocky Enterprise Software Foundation | Rocky Enterprise Software Foundation | 2021  |  | 10 years  |  | X  | Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)  | general  | None  | Active
ROSA | ?  | LLC NTC IT ROSA  | 2011  |  | ?  |  | X  | Mandriva  | server, general  | None  | Active
Sabayon Linux | Fabio Erculiani  | dev team | 2005  | [30] | ?  |  | X  | Gentoo Linux  | general  | None  | Inactive
Salix OS | Cyrille Pontvieux, George Vlahavas, Pierrick Le Brun, Thorsten Mühlfelder  | Salix team | 2009  |  | ?  |  | X  | Slackware | general  | None  | Active
Scientific Linux | CERN, Fermilab | dev team | 2004  |  | ?  |  | X  | Red Hat Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)  | server, workstation  | None  | Inactive
Slackware | Patrick Volkerding  | dev team | 1993  |  | ?  |  | X  | Softlanding Linux System (SLS) | general  | None  | Active
Slax | Tomas Matejicek  | Tomas Matejicek  | 2002  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian, Slackware (until Slax 9)  | live  | None  | Active
SliTaz GNU/Linux  | Christophe Lincoln  | dev team | 2008  | Rolling | Rolling | 2020-02-23[31] | X  | Independent  | portable  | None  | Active
Solus | Ikey Doherty  | dev team | 2005  | Rolling | Rolling | 2021-07-11  | X  | Pardus Linux  | desktop  | None  | Active
SolydXK | Arjen Balfoort  | dev team | 2013  | [32] | Debian packages as per Debian  |  | X  | Debian  | desktop  | None  | Active
SparkyLinux | ?  | Sparky Linux team  | 2012  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian | general, video games  | None  | Active
Source Mage GNU/Linux  | Ryan Abrams, Eric Schabell  | dev team | 2002  |  | ?  |  | Source Mage Social Contract | Sorcerer  | general  | None  | Active
SteamOS | Valve | Valve | 2013  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian (2.0)
Arch Linux (3.0)  | video games  | None  | Active
SUSE Linux Enterprise | SUSE | SUSE  | 2000  | SP5[33] | 16 years (paid)[34] | 2023-06-20  | Common code base for x86-64, Power, System z, Arm64  | Slackware, Jurix | edge, workstation, server, supercomputer  | Commercial[35] | Active
Tails  | ?  | Tails Development Team  | 2009  |  | –[g 3] |  | X  | Debian  | security-focused aimed for anonymity and privacy  | None  | Active
Tiny Core Linux | Robert Shingledecker  | Team Tiny Core  | 2009  |  | ?  |  | X  | Independent, inspired from Damn Small Linux  | portable  | None  | Active
Trisquel GNU/Linux  | Rubén Rodríguez Pérez (quidam)  | Rubén Rodríguez Pérez (quidam)  | 2005  |  | 3 years  |  | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] | Ubuntu LTS  | desktop  | None  | Active
TurnKey GNU/Linux | Alon Swartz, Liraz Siri  | TurnKey GNU/Linux Team  | 2008  |  | Debian packages as per Debian; TurnKey packages for life of current major version (plus backports per request)  |  | Debian Social Contract and DFSG | Debian  | server based software appliance library aiming to balance security and ease of use  | None  | Active
Ubuntu and derivatives[36] | Canonical Ltd.  | Canonical Ltd.  | 2004  |
| 10 years Ubuntu Pro (paid)
5 years (LTS releases)
9 months (Standard releases)  |
| X  | Debian  | general, server, desktop, supercomputer, IBM mainframe  | None  | Active
Univention Corporate Server | Univention GmbH  | Univention GmbH  | 2004  |  | 7 years (paid)
6 months Core Edition[37] |  | X  | Debian  | home, business, and school  | Core Edition is free of charge  | Active
Ututo | Diego Saravia, Daniel Olivera  | UTUTO dev team  | 2000  | XS 2012  | ?  | 2012-04-27  | 100% Free: GNU FSDG[3] | Ututo XS: Gentoo Linux, Ututo UL: Ubuntu | general  | None  | Inactive
VectorLinux | Robert S. Lange  | dev team | 1999  |  | ?  |  | X  | Slackware  | desktop  | None  | Inactive
Void Linux | Juan Romero Pardines  | Juan RP and contributors  | 2008  | Rolling | Rolling | 2022-10-17  | X  | Independent, partially inspired by FreeBSD/NetBSD  | general  | None  | Active
Webconverger | Kai Hendry  | Webconverger Limited  | 2007  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian  | kiosk software, digital signage  | Commercial  | Inactive
Xandros | Xandros Incorporated  | Xandros Incorporated  | 2001  |  | ?  | 2007-07-26  | X  | Corel Linux | ?  | Commercial  | Inactive
Zentyal | eBox Technologies  | eBox Technologies  | 2005  |  | ?  |  | X  | Debian, Ubuntu  | small business server  | Some editions are free of charge  | ?
Zenwalk | Jean-Philippe Guillemin  | dev team | 2004  |  | ?  |  | X  | Slackware  | general  | None  | Active
Zorin OS | Zorin Group  | Zorin Group  | 2009  |  | ?  |  | X  | Ubuntu  | general, desktop  | Zorin OS Lite & Core are free, while Business and Ultimate are paid  | Active
Distribution  | Founder  | Maintainer  | Initial release year  | Current stable version  | Security updates (years)  | Release date  | System distribution commitment  | Forked from  | Target audience  | Cost  | Status

1. ↑ Debian releases are officially supported for 1 year after the subsequent release, with releases being approximately 2 years apart. The Debian LTS Project provides community based support extending the complete support period to 5 years.
2. ↑ Default ISOs included non-free software
3. ↑ Security updates are released every six weeks.

## Technical

The table below shows the default file system, but many Linux distributions support some or all of ext2, ext3, ext4, Btrfs, ReiserFS, Reiser4, JFS, XFS, GFS2, OCFS2, and NILFS. It is possible to install Linux onto most of these file systems. The ext file systems, namely ext2, ext3, and ext4 are based on the original Linux file system.

File systems have been developed by companies to meet their specific needs, by hobbyists, or adapted from Unix, Microsoft Windows, and other operating systems. Linux has full support for XFS and JFS, FAT (the DOS file system), and HFS, the main file system for the Macintosh. Support for Microsoft Windows NT's NTFS file system has been developed and is now comparable with other native Unix file systems. CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs' ISO 9660 and Universal Disk Format (UDF) are supported.

Unlike other operating systems, Linux and Unix allow any file system regardless of the medium it is stored on, whether that medium is a magnetic disk, an optical disk (CD, DVD, etc.), a USB flash memory key, or even contained within a file located on another file system. Similarly, many C compilers (mainly GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)), init systems (mainly sysvinit), desktop environments and window managers are widely supported.

Distribution  | Default Linux kernel | Default file system | Default init system | Install-time desktop environment or window manager selection  | Reproducible builds

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Alpine Linux | Binary blobs  | ext4  | openrc | none  | In progress[38]
ALT Linux | Binary blobs  | ext3  | systemd | KDE Plasma Workspaces, Xfce | No
Arch Linux | Binary blobs[39] | none[40] | systemd  | Awesome, bspwm, Budgie, Cinnamon, COSMIC, CuteFish, Deepin, Enlightenment, GNOME, Hyprland, i3, KDE, LXQt, MATE, Qtile, Sway, Xfce[41] | In progress[42]
BLAG | Linux-libre | ext3  | sysvinit  | GNOME  | No
Bodhi Linux | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | Moksha (Enlightenment fork)  | No
Canaima | Binary blobs[39] | ?  | systemd  | GNOME, KDE Plasma and Xfce | No
CentOS | Binary blobs[39] | xfs  | systemd  | GNOME  | No
Chakra | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | KDE Plasma Workspaces  | No
Chimera Linux | Binary blobs  | none  | dinit  | GNOME, KDE Plasma  | No
Clear Linux OS | ?  | ?  | ?  | GNOME  |
ClearOS | Binary blobs  | ext3  | systemd  | none (Web based)  | No
CoreOS  | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | None  | No
CrunchBang Linux | Binary blobs  | ext4  | sysvinit  | Openbox | No
Damn Small Linux | Binary blobs  | ext3  | sysvinit  | JWM  | No
Debian | Linux-libre(debian)[43] with separate non-free binary blobs hosted and sponsored.[39] | ext4  | systemd  | GNOME, KDE, Xfce, LXDE[44] | In progress[45][46]
Devuan | Binary blobs  | ext4 | sysvinit  | Xfce | No
Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre  | Linux-libre | ext4  | runit | Xfce  | No
dyne:bolic | Linux-libre | ?  | systemd  | GNOME  | No
Fedora | Binary blobs  | btrfs[47] | systemd  | GNOME (default Workstation Edition), Spins for: KDE, Xfce, Cinnamon, MATE (with Compiz), i3, LXQt, LXDE, Phosh, Sway and Budgie | In progress[48]
Funtoo  | Binary blobs  | none  | openrc  | None  | No
Gentoo | Blobs are available, but not added by default. To accept any license considered nonfree through Portage, file edits are needed.[49] | none  | openrc  | Awesome, Enlightenment, Fluxbox, GNOME, KDE, LXDE-Meta, Openbox, XBMC and Xfce (live DVD)[50] | No
gNewSense | Linux-libre(debian), and (unlike Debian) blobs cannot be installed[43] | ext3  | sysvinit  | GNOME  | No
Guix System | Linux-libre, Hurd (in progress)[51][52] | ext4  | GNU Shepherd  | GNOME, Xfce, MATE, Enlightenment, Openbox, awesome, i3, ratpoison, EXWM  | Yes[53][54]
Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre  | Linux-libre | none  | openrc[55] | none  | No
IPFire | Binary blobs  | ext4  | sysvinit  | N/A  | No
Kali Linux | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | GNOME  | No
Knoppix | Binary blobs  | xfs  | microknoppix  | LXDE  | No
LibreCMC[56] | Binary blobs  | ext4  | busybox-init  | none  | No
Linux Mint[57] | Binary blobs[39] | ext4  | systemd | MATE, Cinnamon, KDE 4, XFCE  | No
Mageia | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | KDE Plasma Workspaces, GNOME  | No
Mandriva Linux | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | KDE Plasma Workspaces  | No
Manjaro Linux | Binary blobs  | none[58] | systemd  | Xfce, KDE, GNOME[59] | No
MEPIS | Binary blobs  | ext4  | sysvinit  | KDE Plasma Workspaces  | No
Miracle Linux | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | GNOME  | No
Musix GNU+Linux[60] | Linux-libre | ext4  | initscripts  | LXDE  | No
MX Linux | Binary blobs  | ext4  | sysvinit  | Fluxbox, KDE and Xfce  | No
NixOS | Binary blobs or Linux-libre[61] | none  | systemd  | GNOME or KDE Plasma (Default), CDE, Cinnamon, Enlightment, Kodi, Lumina, LXQt, MATE, Pantheon, Phosh, RetroArch, Xfce, Xterm. 40 window managers[62] | In progress[63]
OpenELEC | Binary blobs  | SquashFS  | shell script  | XBMC Media Center  | No
openSUSE | Binary blobs  | btrfs  | systemd  | KDE Plasma Workspaces, GNOME, Xfce  | In progress[64]
OpenWrt | Binary blobs  | overlayfs+SquashFS/JFFS2[65] | procd[66] | none  | In progress[67]
Parabola GNU/Linux-libre  | Linux-libre | none  | openrc or systemd  | none  | No
Pardus | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | KDE Plasma Workspaces  | No
Parsix | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | GNOME  | No
PCLinuxOS | Binary blobs  | none  | sysvinit  | KDE Plasma Workspaces, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce, Enlightenment, Openbox  | No
Pentoo | Binary blobs  | SquashFS  | openrc  | Enlightenment  | No
Porteus | Binary blobs  | ?  | sysvinit  | KDE, LXDE, Xfce, Openbox, Razor-qt  | No
Puppy Linux | Binary blobs  | SquashFS containing ext2  | busybox-init  | JWM  | No
PureOS | Linux-libre(debian). Binary blobs are not hosted and discouraged while can be manually installed.[68] | ext4  | systemd  | GNOME  | No
Red Hat Enterprise Linux | Binary blobs  | xfs  | systemd  | GNOME  | No
Rxart Desktop | Binary blobs  | ext3  | ?  | KDE Plasma Workspaces  | No
Sabayon Linux | Binary blobs  | ext4[69] | systemd  | KDE Plasma Workspaces, GNOME  | No
Scientific Linux | Binary blobs  | ext4  | sysvinit, systemd[70] | GNOME  | No
Slackware | Binary blobs[39] | ?  | RC.d and sysvinit compatible  | KDE, XFCE Fluxbox, Blackbox, fvwm2 twm | No
Slax | Binary blobs  | SquashFS  | sysvinit  | KDE Plasma Workspaces  | No
SliTaz GNU/Linux  | Binary blobs  | ext3  | busybox-init  | Openbox  | No
Solus | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | Budgie, Gnome, MATE, KDE  | No
Source Mage GNU/Linux  | Binary blobs  | ext2  | simpleinit-msb  | none  | No
SteamOS | Binary blobs  | btrfs, ext4[71] | systemd  | Steam, KDE Plasma[72] | No
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop | Binary blobs[39] | btrfs[73] | systemd  | GNOME  | No
Tails  | Vanilla Linux[39] | ?  | systemd  | GNOME  | Reproducible ISO and USB images[74][75]
Trisquel | Linux-libre | ?  | systemd | MATE | No
TurnKey GNU/Linux | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | none - headless server by design; provides Webmin for administration  | No
Ubuntu–Edubuntu | Binary blobs[39] | ext4[76] | systemd  | GNOME | No
Ubuntu GNOME | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | GNOME 3  | No
Ubuntu MATE | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | MATE  | No
Kubuntu | Binary blobs  | ext4[76] | systemd  | KDE Plasma Workspaces  | No
Xubuntu | Binary blobs  | ext4[76] | systemd  | Xfce  | No
Lubuntu | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | LXQt  | No
Ututo | Ututo XS (stable) is de-blobbed with Linux-libre tools.[77] Ututo UL (development) uses Linux-libre. Ututo UL means "Ubuntu-Libre"  | ext3  | systemd  | GNOME  | No
VectorLinux | Binary blobs  | ReiserFS  | sysvinit  | KDE, Openbox, Fluxbox, IceWM, Xfce  | No
Void Linux | Binary blobs  | none  | runit  | none  | No
Webconverger | Binary blobs  | gitfs  | sysvinit  | dwm enforcing a Browser-only interface  | No
XBMC Live  | Binary blobs  | ext3  | systemd | XBMC Media Center  | No
Zentyal | Binary blobs  | ext4  | systemd  | LXDE  | No
Zenwalk | Binary blobs  | ext4  | sysvinit  | Xfce  | No
Distribution  | Default Linux kernel  | Default file system  | Default init system  | Install-time desktop environment or window manager selection  | Reproducible builds

## Instruction set architecture support

Linux kernel portability to instruction set architectures other than x86, was an early feature added to the kernel.

Distribution  | x86 | x86-64 | arm | ia64 | ppc[78] | ppc64 | sparc32 | sparc64 | hppa[79] | loongarch64  | mips[80] | sh | s390  | s390x  | alpha[81] | m68k[82] | riscv

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|

Alpine Linux | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | riscv64
3.20+
Arch Linux | Unofficial[83]
Official discontinued 2017-11-08[84] | Yes  | Unofficial[85] | No  | Discontinued unofficial port,[86] Unofficial[87] | Unofficial[87] | No  | No  | No  | Unofficial[88] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Unofficial[89]
BackTrack | Discontinued from BackTrack 5 and superseded by Kali Linux[90] | Discontinued from BackTrack 5 and superseded by Kali Linux  | Discontinued from BackTrack 5 and superseded by Kali Linux  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
BLAG | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Bodhi Linux | Legacy branch only  | Yes  | Discontinued
2013-10-23[91] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
BOSS Linux  | Yes  | Yes  | ?  | No  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
CentOS | AltArch  | Yes  | AltArch  | Discontinued
3.5-3.8
4.1-4.7[92] | Beta, Discontinued
4.0  | AltArch  | Beta
4.2[92][93] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Discontinued
3.5-3.8
4.1-4.7[92][94] | Discontinued
3.5-3.8
4.1-4.7[92][94] | Discontinued
4.2-4.3[92][95][96] | No  | No
Chakra | No  | Yes  | ?  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Chimera Linux | No  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Yes
Clear Linux OS | ?  | Yes  | ?  | ?  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
CRUX | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Debian[97] | Discontinued
1.1-12.12[98] | Yes
4.0+  | Yes
2.2+  | Discontinued
3.0-7.0[99] | Discontinued
2.2-8  | Yes  | Discontinued
2.1-4.0[100] | Discontinued
-7[101] | Discontinued
3.0-5.0  | Official port requested[102] | Discontinued
3.0-12.12[103] | In progress  | Discontinued
3.0-7  | Yes
7+  | Discontinued
2.1-5.0  | Discontinued
2.0-3.1  | Officially testing[104]
Devuan | Discontinued
6.0  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
dyne:bolic | Yes[citation needed] | No[citation needed] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Fedora[105] | Discontinued from
Fedora 30  | Yes  | Yes[106] | Discontinued from
Fedora 9[107] | Discontinued from
Fedora 17  | Yes  | No  | Inactive from
Fedora 12[108] | No  | In progress  | Inactive from
Fedora 13[109] | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | In progress[110]
Finnix | Discontinued
110[111] | Yes  | No  | No  | Discontinued
110[111] | Discontinued
110[111] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Gentoo[112] | Yes  | Yes  | Yes[113] | Discontinued 2024-08-14[114] | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes[115] | Yes[116][117] | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes[118]
gNewSense | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Guix System[119] | Yes  | Yes  | Yes, ARMv7 and AArch64  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | In progress[120]
Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | In progress[121] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | In progress[122]
IPFire | Discontinued in 2021[123] | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Under Development
Kali Linux | Discontinued
2024.4[124] | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
LibreCMC | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Yes XBurst | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Manjaro Linux | Unofficial[125] | Yes  | Yes[126] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
MEPIS | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Miracle Linux | Discontinued
8.0  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Musix GNU+Linux | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
MX Linux | Discontinued
25[127] | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
NixOS | Unofficial  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | Unofficial  | Unofficial  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Unofficial  | Unofficial  | No  | Unofficial  | Unofficial
OpenELEC | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
openSUSE Leap  | No  | Yes  | v7 64  | No  | No  | ppc64le  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
openSUSE Tumbleweed  | Yes  | Yes  | v6 v7 64  | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | RV64G
OpenWrt[128] | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Oracle Linux[129] | Discontinued
7.0  | Yes  | No  | Discontinued
5[130] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Parabola GNU/Linux-libre  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes, ARMv7[131][132] | No  | No  | Test release[133] | No  | No  | No  | No  | Discontinued[134] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Test release[135]
Red Flag Linux | Discontinued
8.0[136] | Discontinued
8.0[136] | No  | Discontinued
3[137] | No  | Discontinued
3[137] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Red Hat Linux[138] | Discontinued
9.0  | No  | No  | Discontinued
7.1-7.2  | Test release
5.1[139] | No  | Discontinued
4.0-4.2
5.1-6.2  | Test release
5.1[139] | No  | No  | Test release
5.1[139] | No  | Discontinued
7.2  | Yes  | Discontinued
2.1-7.1  | Test release
5.1[139] | No
Red Hat Enterprise Linux[140] | Discontinued
2.1-6[141] | Yes
3+  | Yes[142] | Discontinued
2.1-5[143] | Yes
3+  | Yes
3+  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Discontinued
3-4[144] | Yes
3+  | No  | No  | No
Sabayon Linux | Discontinued  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Scientific Linux | Yes  | Yes  | No  | Discontinued
3-4  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
SHR | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Slackware | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | Discontinued
?[145] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Discontinued
?[146] | Discontinued
?[146] | Discontinued
8.1[147] | No  | No
Solus | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Source Mage GNU/Linux  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | ?  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server[148] | Yes  | Yes  | AArch64 only[149] | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No
Trisquel GNU/Linux  | Discontinued
10.0  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
TurnKey GNU/Linux | Selected ISOs
available  | Yes  | No - but under development by community  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Ubuntu, Kubuntu, Xubuntu, Lubuntu | Discontinued from
Ubuntu 20.04  | Yes  | Yes, including 64-bit ARMv8-A  | No  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | Ubuntu only, 16.04+[150] | No  | No  | No
Ututo | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | In progress  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Void Linux | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | Unofficial[151] | Unofficial[151] | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
XBMCbuntu  | Yes  | No  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Yellow Dog Linux | No  | No  | No  | No  | Yes  | Yes  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No  | No
Distribution  | x86  | x86-64  | arm  | ia64  | ppc  | ppc64  | sparc32  | sparc64  | hppa  | loongson  | mips  | sh  | s390  | s390x  | alpha  | m68k  | riscv

## Package management and installation

Information on features in the distributions. Package numbers are only approximate. Some distributions like Debian tend to separate tools into different packages – usually stable release, development release, documentation and debug. Also counting the source package number varies. For Debian and RPM Package Manager (RPM) based entries it is just the base to produce binary packages, so the total number of packages is the number of binary packages. For Arch based entries, it is additional.

Distribution  | Free software repositories  | Approximate number of pre-compiled packages | Approximate number of source packages  | Default package management tool(s)  | Package format  | Default installer  | Graphical installation process  | Netinstall | Netboot

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|
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|
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Alpine Linux | Free, and nonfree  | 13,888[152][153] | ?  | apk  | .apk  | setup-alpine  | No  | ?  | iPXE[154]
ALT Linux | Free, and nonfree  | 8,300[155] | ?  | APT (APT-RPM), RPM  | RPM  |  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Arch Linux | Free, and nonfree  | 13,751[156] | 94,227 from AUR[157] | Pacman | .pkg.tar.zst[158] | arch-install-scripts[159] and archinstaller[160] | No  | Yes  | iPXE
BLAG | Free only  | 10,000[161] | ?  | RPM, yum, APT  | RPM  |  | Yes  | No  | No
Bodhi Linux | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 1][162] | ?  | APT  | .dpkg  | Ubiquity  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Canaima | Free, and nonfree  | ?  | ?  | APT  | .deb  | debian-installer  | Yes  | ?  | ?
CentOS | Free, and nonfree  | 6,813[lower-alpha 2][163] | ?  | RPM, yum/up2date | RPM  | Anaconda  | Yes  | Yes  | ?
Chakra | Free, and nonfree  | 3,074[164] | CCR: 5,342[165] | Pacman (to be replaced by Akabei in future)  | .pkg.tar.xz  |  | Package manager in development  | ?  | ?
Chimera Linux | Free, and nonfree  | 12,826 | 2,648 | apk  | .apk  | None  | No  | Yes  | No
ClearOS | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 3] | ?  | RPM, yum  | RPM  |  | No  | ?  | ?
Clear Linux OS | ?  | ?  | ?  | Swupd  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
CrunchBang Linux | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 4][162] | ?  | APT  | .deb  |  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Debian | Free, and nonfree  | 171,937[162] | 28,923[lower-alpha 5] | APT  | .deb  | Debian-Installer | Yes  | Yes  | PXE
Devuan | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 6][162] | ?  | APT  | .deb  | Debian-Installer | Yes  | Yes  | PXE
Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre  | Free only  | 484 | ?  | pkgsystem  | .tlz  | ?  | No  | No  | No
dyne:bolic | Free only  | ?  | ?  | APT  | .deb  | Debian-Installer | Yes  | No  | No
Fedora | Free, and nonfree  | 68,419[166] | 41,996[167] | DNF, yum, PackageKit | RPM  | Anaconda | Yes  | Yes  | ?
Gentoo | Free, and nonfree  | 118[168][169] | 19,105[170][lower-alpha 7] | Portage | .ebuild, .tbz2  | None (third-party install scripts only)  | Yes[lower-alpha 8] | Yes  | PXE
gNewSense | Free only  | ?  | ?  | APT  | .deb  | Debian-Installer | Yes  | Yes  | No
Guix System | Free only  | 20,571[171] | 20,571 | Guix | .scm, .go  | `guix system init`[172] | Yes[173] | Yes[174] | No
Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre  | Free only  | 6,128[175] | ?  | Pacman | .pkg.tar.lz  | None (third-party install scripts only)  | No  | Yes  | ?
IPFire | Free, and nonfree  | ?  | ?  | pakfire  | custom format  | IPFire installer  | No  | No  | Yes
Knoppix | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 9][162] | ?  | APT  | .deb  |  | No  | ?  | ?
LibreCMC | Free only  | 826 | ?  | ?  | ?  |  | No  | No  | No
Linux Mint | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 10][162] | ?  | APT  | .deb  | Ubiquity | Yes  | ?  | ?
Mageia | Free, and nonfree  | 17,283 (i586), 11,409 (x86-64)[176] | 8,834[177] | urpmi, rpmdrake | RPM  | DrakX | Yes  | Yes  | ?
Mandriva Linux | Free, and nonfree  | 22,600 | ?  | urpmi, rpmdrake  | RPM  | DrakX  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Manjaro Linux | Free, and nonfree  | ?  | [lower-alpha 11][157] | Pacman | .pkg.tar.xz  | Calamares[178] | Yes[179] | Yes  | iPXE
MEPIS | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 12][162] | ?  | APT  | .deb  | MEPIS Install  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Miracle Linux | Free, and nonfree  | 7,109 | 2,899 | RPM, yum, dnf  | RPM  | Anaconda  | Yes  | Yes  | No
Musix GNU+Linux | Free only  | 1,819 | ?  | APT  | .deb  | Debian-Installer | Yes  | No  | No
MX Linux | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 13][162] | ?  | APT  | .deb  | Gazelle Installer  | Yes  | No  | No
NixOS | Free, and nonfree  | 129,926[180] | 124,166[181] | nix  | .nix  | Calamares | Yes  | Yes[182] | Yes[183]
OpenELEC | Free, and nonfree  | 140[184] | ?  | XBMCbuntu addon manager, own and 3rd party addons  | .zip  |  | Yes  | ?  | ?
openSUSE | Free, and nonfree  | 42,236 with PackMan[185] | 34,000 | YaST, Zypper  | RPM  | YaST  | Yes  | Yes  | ?
OpenWrt | Free, and nonfree  | 2,000 | ?  | opkg | .ipk  | \-  | No  | ?  | ?
Parabola GNU/Linux-libre  | Free only  | 23,000[186] | ?  | Pacman | .pkg.tar.xz  | None (third-party install scripts only) or Calamares | Yes  | Yes  | ?
Pardus | Free, and nonfree  | 4,000 | ?  | APT  | .deb  | Debian-Installer | Yes  | ?  | ?
Parsix | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 14][162] | 14,900 | APT  | .deb  |  | Yes  | ?  | ?
PCLinuxOS | Free, and nonfree  | 12,000 | ?  | APT, RPM  | RPM  |  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Puppy | Free, and nonfree  | 700 | ?  | PupGet, DotPup  | .pup, .pet  |  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Red Hat Enterprise Linux | Free, and nonfree  | 3,000 (plus 9,155 from EPEL[187])  | ?  | RPM, yum  | RPM  | Anaconda  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Rxart | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 15][162] | ?  | APT  | .deb  |  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Sabayon Linux | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 16] | ?  | Portage, Entropy  | ebuild, .tbz2  | Calamares | Yes  | ?  | ?
Scientific | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 17] | ?  | APT/yum  | RPM  |  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Slackware | Free, and nonfree  | 2,292 | 7,705 from SlackBuilds[188] | slackpkg  | tgz, .txz, .tlz, .tbz  | bash script[189] | No  | Yes  | Yes
Slax | Free, and nonfree  | 2,050 | ?  | none  | .lzm  |  |  | ?  | ?
SliTaz GNU/Linux  | Free, and nonfree  | 3,381[190] | ?  | Tazpkg  | .tazpkg  | tazinst  | Yes  | iPXE | iPXE
Solus | Free, and nonfree  | 9,500 | ?  | eopkg  | .eopkg  | os-installer  | Yes  | No  | No
Source Mage GNU/Linux  | Free, and nonfree  | 118 | 8,876 | Sorcery Package Manager  | src  |  | Yes  | ?  | ?
SUSE Linux | Free, and nonfree  | 24,094 | 11,385 | YaST, Zypper  | RPM  | YaST  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Tiny Core Linux | Free, and nonfree  | 25,160 | ?  | ab, tce-load  | tcz  | tc-install, core2usb  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Tiny SliTaz  | Free, and nonfree  | 50 | ?  | Web site[191] | tazpkg  |  | No  | ?  | iPXE
Trisquel | Free only  | 52,748[192] | ?  | APT  | .deb  | Ubiquity  | Yes  | Yes  | ?
TurnKey GNU/Linux | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 18][162] (plus ≈30 custom packages)  | 21,041[lower-alpha 19] (currently TurnKey only supplies source code for custom packages)  | APT  | .deb  | DI-Live (custom fork of Debian Installer)  | No  | No  | No
Ubuntu, Kubuntu, Xubuntu | Free, and nonfree  | 110,066[lower-alpha 20][162][193] | 24,474[lower-alpha 21] | APT  | .deb  | Ubiquity  | Yes  | Yes  | PXE
Ututo | Free only  | 5,000 | ?  | UTUTO Package Manager  | ebuild  | ?  | ?  | No  | No
Vector Linux  | Free, and nonfree  | ?  | ?  | slapt-get, gslapt, installpkg  | tgz  |  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Void Linux | Free, nonfree and multilib  | 6,000 | 6,719 | xbps  | .xbps  | ncurses script  | Yes  | Yes  | No
XBMC Live  | Free, and nonfree  | ?  | ?  | APT  | .deb  |  | No  | ?  | ?
Zentyal | Free, and nonfree  | [lower-alpha 22][162] | ?  | APT  | .deb  | dpkg  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Zenwalk | Free, and nonfree  | 2,000 | ?  | netpkg, installpkg, upgradepkg  | tgz, txz  |  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Distribution  | Free software repositories  | Approximate number of pre-compiled packages | Approximate number of source packages  | Default package management tools  | Package format  | Default installer  | Graphical installation process  | Netinstall | Netboot

## Live media

Distribution  | Size of media (MB)  | RAM use (MB)  | Boots from CD  | Boots from DVD  | Installable live CD/DVD  | Installable from USB

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Alpine Linux | 63 (Virtual) 1,019 (Xen)[194] | min 96 GUI 2,048[195] | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Arch Linux | 742 | min 80 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
AUSTRUMI  | 426 |  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
BLAG Linux and GNU | 696 | ?  | Yes  | No  | ?  |
Bodhi Linux | 1,024 | 80 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
CentOS | 603 (Minimal) 4,096 (DVD)  |  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes (installable since 6.0)  | Yes
Chakra | 2,150 |  | No  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Chimera Linux | 649 to 1,223 | ?  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Clear Linux OS | 4,443 | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
Damn Small Linux | 50[196]+[197] | 24[196] to 64[197] | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Debian | 1,420[198][199] | Up to 2,048[200] | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Devuan | 868 |  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre  | 655 | ?  | Yes  | ?  | ?  | ?
dyne:bolic | 1,650 | ?  | up to version 2.x  | Yes  | ?  | ?
Fedora | 1,434 | 256 to 1,024 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Gentoo | 260 (Minimal) 2,048 (Live DVD)  | up to 128 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
gNewSense[201] | 1,200 | 512 | ?  | ?  | Yes  | ?
Grml | 460 | 32 to 128 | Yes  | No  | Yes  | Yes
Guix System[202] | 814 | 233 | No  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre  | 1,124 | ?  | up to version 0.3.x  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
IPFire | ≈650 | ≈512 | Yes  | Yes  | No  | Yes
Knoppix CD  | 700 | 128 to 320 | Yes  | Yes  | Only DVD edition is maintained  |
Knoppix DVD  | 4,813 | 128 to 500 | No  | Yes  |  |
LibreCMC | ?  | ?  | No  | No  | No  | No
Mandriva Linux One  | 700 | 128 to 768 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Manjaro Linux | 473 to 2,200[203] | 256 to 1,024 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
MEPIS | 700 to 4,000 | 128 to 512 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Musix GNU+Linux | 2,000 | ?  | No  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
MX Linux | 1,600 to 2,700 | 512 to 1,024 | No  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Nanolinux | 18 | ≈64 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
NixOS | 780 (Minimal) 1,700 (Plasma) 2,200 (GNOME)  | ?  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
openGEU | 700 | 192 to 512 | Yes  |  | Yes  |
openSUSE (Not 42.1)  | 700 | 128 to 768 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
OpenWrt | min 4 | min 16 | No  | No  | No  | No
Parabola GNU/Linux-libre  | 400 to 3,300 | ?  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Pardus | 1,256 to 1,276 | 256 to 1,024 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
PCLinuxOS | 130 to 700 | 96 to 512 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Pentoo | 666 and 700 | 48 to 96 | Yes  | Yes  | By hand[204] | By hand
Porteus | 224 to 373 | min 36 | ?  | ?  | Yes  | Yes
Puppy Linux (Slacko)  | 235 | 32 to 192 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Puredyne | 542 |  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Sabayon Linux Live CD  | 695 |  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Sabayon Linux Live DVD  | 2,400 |  | No  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Scientific Linux | 431 to 2,300[205] | 640 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Slackware | 2,600 | 64 to 1,024[206] | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Slax | 200 | 96 to 320 | Yes  | Yes  |  | Yes
Solus | 1,200 | 1,024 | No  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
SystemRescueCD | 459 |  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
SliTaz GNU/Linux  | 50 | 48 to 256 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Tails  | ≈900 | ≈1,024 | No  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes (when run from DVD)
Tiny Core Linux | 17 (Core) 248 (Core Plus)[207] | 28 to 128[208] | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Tiny SliTaz  | 1.44 | 4 | Yes  | Yes  | By SliTaz  | By SliTaz
Trisquel | 1,500[209] | 384 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
TurnKey GNU/Linux Core (base) appliance ISO  | 212 | ~173 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Ubuntu | 1,700[210] | 384 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Edubuntu | 2,900[211] |  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  |
Kubuntu | 1,400[212] | 384 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Xubuntu | 1,200[213] | 256 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Ututo | 3,500 | ?  | No  | Yes  | Yes  | ?
XBMC Live  | 700 | 256 to 1,024 | Yes  | No  | Yes  | Yes
Zentyal | 600 | 256 | Yes  | Yes  | Yes  | Yes
Distribution  | Size of media (MB)  | RAM use (MB)  | Boots from CD  | Boots from DVD  | Installable live CD/DVD  | Installable from USB

## Security features

Distribution  | Compile time buffer checks  | Mandatory access control | Software executable-space protection | grsecurity  | RSBAC

|
|
|
|
|

Alpine Linux | Yes[214] | Unknown  | PaX | Discontinued in 3.8.0  | Unknown
Arch Linux | Unknown  | SELinux(Unofficial),[215]AppArmor | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown
BLAG | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown
Android (operating system) | Yes  | Yes, since Android Marshmallow | Optional  | Optional  | Optional
Clear Linux OS | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown
Debian | Yes  | SELinux, AppArmor | PaX optional  | Optional  | Optional
Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown
dyne:bolic | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown
Fedora | Yes  | SELinux[216] | Exec Shield[217] | No  | No
Gentoo | Optional  | SELinux, AppArmor  | PaX optional  | Optional  | Optional
gNewSense | Unknown  | SELinux, AppArmor[lower-alpha 23] | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown
Guix System | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown
IPFire | Yes  | No  | No  | Discontinued in 2018  | No
LibreCMC | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown
Mandriva | Unknown  | AppArmor  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Yes
Miracle Linux | Unknown  | SELinux  | Unknown  | No  | Unknown
Musix GNU+Linux | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown
Parabola GNU/Linux-libre  | Unknown  | Optional[218] | Unknown  | Optional[218] | Unknown
Slackware | Unknown  | AppArmor, tomoyo  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Optional
SUSE Linux | Yes  | AppArmor[219] | Hardware NX and other methods in mainline kernel and toolchain[220] | No  | No
Solus | Yes  | AppArmor  | Unknown  | No  | Unknown
Trisquel | Unknown  | SELinux, AppArmor[lower-alpha 24] | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown
Ubuntu | Yes[221] | SELinux, AppArmor[221] | PaX optional  | Optional  | Optional
Ututo | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown  | Unknown

## Apple Silicon Support

| Parts of this software (those related to section) need to be updated. The reason given is: Fedora Linux Asahi Remix has been well-supported for a while now; some alternatives like Asahi Gentoo are also relatively well-supported. It's quite inaccurate that they all get "Unknown"s. The Asahi project previously used Arch Linux ARM, which seems to get no mention here. I'm not sure why Kali Linux and Ubuntu get special mentions here. (It's also somewhat awkward to have a section dedicated to only Apple Silicon.). Please update this software to reflect recent events or newly available information. (June 2024)

|

Distribution  | Direct install  | Working virtualisation  | Community version

|
|
|

Kali | Unknown  | Yes[222] | N/A
Ubuntu | Unknown  | Yes[223] | N/A
Fedora | Unknown  | Yes[224] | N/A
Red Hat | Unknown  | Yes[225] | N/A

## See also

* Comparison of netbook-oriented Linux distributions
* Comparison of operating systems
* DistroWatch
* List of Linux distributions

## Notes

1. ↑ Based on Debian
2. ↑ Based on Fedora
3. ↑ Based on Fedora
4. ↑ Based on Debian
5. ↑ From the Sources.gz files in the main, contrib and non-free sections of Debian Buster. On the 2020-06-12, Debian Sid, the development release, have 31717 source packages.
6. ↑ Based on Debian
7. ↑ Note this number is just of packages in the Official Gentoo Overlay (or Portage Tree). Several hundred other packages are available from other overlays
8. ↑ Can be installed graphically (GTK+ and ncurses), but traditionally done by command line (install cd, live cd, netboot, and from distributions).
9. ↑ Based on Debian
10. ↑ Based on Debian
11. ↑ Based on AUR
12. ↑ Based on Debian
13. ↑ Based on Debian
14. ↑ Based on Debian
15. ↑ Based on Debian
16. ↑ Based on Gentoo
17. ↑ Based on Fedora
18. ↑ Based on Debian
19. ↑ From the Sources.gz files in the main, contrib and non-free sections of Debian Jessie. On the 2015-11-21, Debian Sid, the development release, have 24757 source packages.
20. ↑ Based on Debian
21. ↑ From the Sources.gz files in the main,universe, multiverse and restricted sections of Ubuntu Wily
22. ↑ Based on Debian
23. ↑ Based on Debian
24. ↑ Based on Ubuntu

## References

1. ↑ "List of Free GNU/Linux Distributions – GNU Project – Free Software Foundation". https://www.gnu.org/distros/free-distros.html.
2. ↑ "AlmaLinux Wiki | AlmaLinux Wiki". https://wiki.almalinux.org/#about.
3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 "List of Free GNU/Linux Distributions - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation". https://www.gnu.org/distros/free-distros.html.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Announcing the latest release of CentOS Linux 8 (2111)". https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2021-November/048371.html.
5. ↑ "About - CentOS Wiki". https://wiki.centos.org/About.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Introducing CentOS Stream 10". https://blog.centos.org/2024/12/introducing-centos-stream-10/.
7. ↑ "CentOS Stream". https://www.centos.org/centos-stream/.
8. ↑ "Choose Chakra". https://www.linux-magazine.com/Issues/2017/199/Chakra-Linux.
9. ↑ Speed, Richard (2025-07-21). "Clear Linux OS terminated as Intel trims the fat". https://www.theregister.com/2025/07/21/intel_clear_linux_dead/.
10. ↑ "Explaining Why We Don't Endorse Other Systems". https://www.gnu.org/distros/common-distros.html.
11. ↑ "General Resolution: non-free firmware: results". https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2022/10/msg00001.html.
12. ↑ "FSF and Debian join forces to help free software users find the hardware they need — Free Software Foundation — working together for free software" (in en). https://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-and-debian-join-forces-to-help-free-software-users-find-the-hardware-they-need.
13. ↑ Murdock, Ian A. (16 August 1993). "NNTP Subject: New release under development; suggestions requested". http://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.linux.development/msg/a32d4e2ef3bcdcc6.
14. ↑ "Licensing:Main - FedoraProject". Fedora Project. 2017-08-11. https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Licensing:Main.
15. ↑ "Releases". Hyperbola Project. https://wiki.hyperbola.info/en:project:releases.
16. ↑ Larabel, Michael. "FSF-Approved Hyperbola GNU/Linux Switching Out The Linux Kernel For Hard Fork Of OpenBSD". https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Hyperbola-Linux-To-BSD.
17. ↑ "青汁選びのパートナー｜カルシウム不足にコレ！～ユーグレナ青汁～". http://shop.linspire.com/shopping/shopping_cartcontents.php.
18. ↑ Mageia Support
19. ↑ Singer, Roland (ying) (2011-07-10). "Manjaro Linux Distribution". Community Contributions, Arch Linux Forums. https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=959229. "Hi all, I am working now since a longer time on my arch linux livecd. It is called manjaro linux and uses the Desktop Environment Xfce. I uploaded a first testing livecd which is very experimental and many features are still missing. I would be thankful for any bugs reported,.... or if somebody wants to help and join the project he is always welcome."
20. ↑ "MX-25.1 “Infinity” ISOs now available! – MX Linux" (in en-US). 19 January 2026. https://mxlinux.org/blog/mx-25-1-infinity-isos-now-available/.
21. ↑ "Shop Online: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server". https://www.suse.com/shop/server/.
22. ↑ "Lifetime". Lifetime. https://en.opensuse.org/Lifetime.
23. ↑ "Welcome to the OpenWrt Project". 2023-06-09. https://openwrt.org/.
24. ↑ "Get Parabola". https://wiki.parabola.nu/Get_Parabola.
25. ↑ "Get Parabola". https://wiki.parabola.nu/Get_Parabola.
26. ↑ "Parted Magic LLC - Store". https://partedmagic.com/store/.
27. ↑ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Life Cycle". https://access.redhat.com/support/policy/updates/errata.
28. ↑ "Enterprise Linux". Red Hat. https://www.redhat.com/apps/store/server/rhel.html.
29. ↑ "Enterprise Linux Desktop Operating Systems". Red Hat. https://www.redhat.com/apps/store/desktop/.
30. ↑ crew, Sabayonlinux (31 March 2019). "Sabayon 19.03 – New stable release". https://www.sabayon.org/release/latest-stable-release-sabayon-1903/.
31. ↑ "Index of /Iso/Rolling/". http://mirror1.slitaz.org/iso/rolling/.
32. ↑ "SolydXK 10 Buster released — English". https://solydxk.com/news/solydxk-10-released-based-on-debian-buster-1.
33. ↑ "Latest SUSE Linux Enterprise goes all in with confidential computing". 20 June 2023. https://www.theregister.com/2023/06/20/suse_sle_15_sp5/.
34. ↑ "Product Support Lifecycle | SUSE". https://www.suse.com/lifecycle/.
35. ↑ "How To Buy - SUSE Linux Enterprise Server". SUSE. https://suse.com/products/server/how-to-buy/.
36. ↑ "DerivativeTeam/Derivatives - Ubuntu Wiki". https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DerivativeTeam/Derivatives#Recognised_Flavors.
37. ↑ "Prices and subscriptions". Univention. https://www.univention.com/products/prices-and-subscriptions/.
38. ↑ "Reproducible alpine ?!". https://tests.reproducible-builds.org/alpine/alpine.html.
39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.4 39.5 39.6 39.7 39.8 "gnu.org". https://www.gnu.org/distros/common-distros.en.html.
40. ↑ "File Systems". https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/File_systems#Create_a_file_system.
41. ↑ "Profiles in Archinstall". https://gitlab.archlinux.org/archlinux/archinstall/-/tree/master/archinstall/default_profiles/desktops.
42. ↑ "Reproducible status". https://reproducible.archlinux.org/.
43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 "/gnewsense/packages-parkes/linux-2.6 : contents of debian/README.gNewSense at revision 16". http://bzr.savannah.gnu.org/lh/gnewsense/packages-parkes/linux-2.6/view/head:/debian/README.gNewSense.
44. ↑ "Index of /debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-cd". http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-cd/.
45. ↑ "ReproducibleBuilds - Debian Wiki". https://wiki.debian.org/ReproducibleBuilds.
46. ↑ "Toward a fully reproducible Debian [LWN.net"]. https://lwn.net/Articles/757118/.
47. ↑ "Fedora 33 is officially here!" (in en-US). 2020-10-27. https://fedoramagazine.org/announcing-fedora-33/.
48. ↑ "Reproducible Builds for Fedora". https://access.redhat.com/blogs/766093/posts/1976033.
49. ↑ "Going 100% Libre with Gentoo". https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Going_100%_Libre_with_Gentoo#Allowing_only_Free_Software_to_be_installed_on_a_system.
50. ↑ "Gentoo Linux Hybrid ISO". Gentoo Linux. https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-889654.html.
51. ↑ "A "Hello World" virtual machine running the Hurd". https://guix.gnu.org/blog/2020/a-hello-world-virtual-machine-running-the-hurd/.
52. ↑ "Childhurds and GNU/Hurd substitutes". https://guix.gnu.org/en/blog/2020/childhurds-and-substitutes//.
53. ↑ "Quick reproducible test for GNU Guix". https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/guix-devel/2020-02/msg00107.html.
54. ↑ "The Full-Source Bootstrap: Building from source all the way down". https://guix.gnu.org/en/blog/2023/the-full-source-bootstrap-building-from-source-all-the-way-down/.
55. ↑ "End of systemd support". Hyperbola Project. 2017-08-05. https://www.hyperbola.info/news/end-of-systemd-support/.
56. ↑ "LibreCMC package sources". https://librecmc.org/librecmc/downloads/sources/v1.5/.
57. ↑ "Linux Mint". https://distrowatch.com/table.php?distribution=mint.
58. ↑ "Installation Guides - Manjaro Linux". 2015-11-26. https://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php/Installation_Guides.
59. ↑ "Get Manjaro". Manjaro Linux. https://manjaro.org/get-manjaro/.
60. ↑ "Musix Packages". http://musix.najval.net/musix/isos/package_list3.0.1stable.txt.
61. ↑ "NixOS Search". https://search.nixos.org/options?channel=unstable&show=hardware.enableRedistributableFirmware&from=0&size=50&sort=relevance&type=packages&query=hardware.enableRedistributableFirmware.
62. ↑ "NixOS Search". https://search.nixos.org/options?channel=unstable&from=0&size=50&sort=relevance&type=packages&query=services.xserver.windowManager.
63. ↑ "NixOS Reproducible Builds". https://reproducible.nixos.org/.
64. ↑ "openSUSE:Reproducible Builds - openSUSE Wiki". https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Reproducible_Builds.
65. ↑ "Filesystems [OpenWrt Wiki]". 2018-06-07. https://openwrt.org/docs/techref/filesystems.
66. ↑ "What is procd? [OpenWrt Wiki]". 2018-03-04. https://openwrt.org/docs/techref/procd.
67. ↑ "Reproducible OpenWrt ?". https://tests.reproducible-builds.org/openwrt/openwrt.html.
68. ↑ "Compatibility". Purism. https://docs.puri.sm/Software/PureOS/Overview/Compatibility.html.
69. ↑ "Sabayon Forums • View topic - Sabayon Linux 4.1 KDE: Stable release". http://forum.sabayonlinux.org/viewtopic.php?f=60&t=16766.
70. ↑ Prior to v7.0, Scientific Linux used sysvinit. Since v7.0, it uses systemd. "Scientific Linux 7.0 Release Notes". 2014-10-14. https://ftp.scientificlinux.org/linux/scientific/7.0/x86_64/release-notes/.
71. ↑ "Open Source Summit Europe 2023: How SteamOS is Contributing to the Linux...". https://osseu2023.sched.com/event/1Qv8y/how-steamos-is-contributing-to-the-linux-ecosystem-alberto-garcia-igalia.
72. ↑ "Buy devices with Plasma and KDE Applications" (in en). https://kde.org/hardware/.
73. ↑ "Release Notes • Comparison of Supported File Systems". https://www.suse.com/releasenotes/x86_64/SUSE-SLES/15-SP1/#TechInfo.Filesystems.
74. ↑ "Tails - Have your cake and eat it, too!". https://tails.boum.org/news/reproducible_Tails/index.en.html.
75. ↑ "Tails - Verifying a Tails image for reproducibility". https://tails.boum.org/contribute/build/reproducible/.
76. ↑ 76.0 76.1 76.2 "MaverickMeerkat/ReleaseNotes - Ubuntu Wiki". 2011-01-20. https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MaverickMeerkat/ReleaseNotes.
77. ↑ "scripts.tgz". http://ututo.org/downloads/scripts.tgz.
78. ↑ [1]
79. ↑ "Parisc-Linux". Parisc-Linux. http://www.parisc-linux.org/.
80. ↑ "LinuxMIPS". LinuxMIPS. http://www.linux-mips.org/.
81. ↑ "The AlphaLinux Homepage". http://www.alphalinux.org/.
82. ↑ Lawrence, Chris (2000-04-02). "The Linux/m68k Home Pages". http://www.linux-m68k.org/.
83. ↑ "Arch Linux 32". Arch Linux 32. https://archlinux32.org/.
84. ↑ "The end of i686 support". https://www.archlinux.org/news/the-end-of-i686-support/.
85. ↑ "Arch Linux ARM". Arch Linux ARM. http://archlinuxarm.org/.
86. ↑ "Arch Linux PPC". http://archlinuxppc.org/.
87. ↑ 87.0 87.1 "ArchPOWER". https://archlinuxpower.org/.
88. ↑ "Loong Arch Linux". https://loongarchlinux.org/.
89. ↑ "Arch Linux RISC-V". https://archriscv.felixc.at/.
90. ↑ "BackTrackDownloads". http://www.backtrack-linux.org/downloads/.
91. ↑ "Dropping Official Support for ARM Devices". http://forums.bodhilinux.com/index.php?/topic/9393-dropping-official-support-for-arm-devices/.
92. ↑ 92.0 92.1 92.2 92.3 92.4 Pasi Pirhonen (2005-10-13). "CentOS-4.2 is Released for i386, x86_64, ia64, s390, s390x and alpha architectures". CentOS-announce (Mailing list).
93. ↑ Pasi Pirhonen (2006-05-24). "EOL notice for CentOS-4/sparc beta release". CentOS-announce (Mailing list).
94. ↑ 94.0 94.1 Pasi Pirhonen (2005-06-24). "CentOS-4.1 s390(x) Release Announcement". CentOS-announce (Mailing list).
95. ↑ Pasi Pirhonen (2005-06-26). "CentOS-4/alpha 4.1beta is there to play". CentOS-announce (Mailing list).
96. ↑ Pasi Pirhonen (2006-06-25). "EOL notification for CentOS-4/axp (alpha)". CentOS-announce (Mailing list).
97. ↑ "Ports". Debian. http://www.debian.org/ports/.
98. ↑ Michael Larabel (31 December 2024). "Debian Installer Trixie Alpha 1 Brings RISC-V & Drops i386 Installer". https://www.phoronix.com/news/Debian-Installer-Trixie-Alpha-1.
99. ↑ Cyril Brulebois (2014-03-19). "Debian Installer Jessie Alpha 1 release". debian-devel-announce (Mailing list).
100. ↑ Jurij Smakov (2007-07-18). "Retiring the sparc32 port". debian-devel-announce (Mailing list).
101. ↑ Philipp Kern (2014-04-26). "SPARC removed from Jessie". debian-devel-announce (Mailing list).
102. ↑ "Requesting for the loong64 port could be included in the Official ports". https://lists.debian.org/debian-release/2024/06/msg00170.html.
103. ↑ Michael Larabel (2 September 2023). "Debian Dropping Its 32-bit MIPS Little Endian "mipsel" Port". https://www.phoronix.com/news/Debian-Dropping-MIPSEL.
104. ↑ "riscv64 is now an official architecture". https://lists.debian.org/debian-riscv/2023/07/msg00053.html.
105. ↑ "Architectures". FedoraProject. 2016-07-31. http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures.
106. ↑ "Architectures/ARM". https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures/ARM.
107. ↑ "Architectures/IA64". https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures/IA64.
108. ↑ "Architectures/SPARC". https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures/SPARC.
109. ↑ "Architectures/MIPS". https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures/MIPS.
110. ↑ "Architectures/RISC-V - Fedora Project Wiki". https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures/RISC-V.
111. ↑ 111.0 111.1 111.2 Ryan Finnie (14 May 2020). "Finnix 120 released... wait, what?". https://blog.finnix.org/2020/05/14/finnix-120-released/.
112. ↑ "Downloads – Gentoo Linux". http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/where.xml.
113. ↑ "Project:ARM - Gentoo Wiki". 2016-05-21. http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-arm.xml.
114. ↑ "Gentoo Linux drops IA-64 (Itanium) support – Gentoo Linux". 2024-08-14. https://www.gentoo.org/news/2024/08/14/Gentoo-drops-IA-64-support.html.
115. ↑ "Project:LoongArch". http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:LoongArch.
116. ↑ "MIPS/FAQ - Gentoo Wiki". 2015-11-05. http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/gentoo-mips-faq.xml#hw-what.
117. ↑ "Gentoo/MIPS Linux Hardware Requirements". http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/mips-requirements.xml.
118. ↑ "Project:RISC-V - Gentoo Wiki". https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:RISC-V.
119. ↑ "Download". https://www.gnu.org/software/guix/download/.
120. ↑ "Re: Long term plan for GuixSD security: microkernels, ocap, RISC-V support". https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/guix-devel/2018-09/msg00255.html.
121. ↑ "POWER (ppc64le) porting". https://issues.hyperbola.info/index.php?do=details&task_id=1336.
122. ↑ "RISC-V (riscv64) porting + multilib support". https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/guix-devel/2019-10/msg00420.html.
123. ↑ "New Year, More Bits". https://www.ipfire.org/blog/new-year-more-bits.
124. ↑ "The end of the i386 kernel and images". Kali. 22 October 2024. https://www.kali.org/blog/end-of-i386-kernel-and-images/.
125. ↑ "manjaro32.org". manjaro32. https://manjaro32.org/.
126. ↑ "Home". Manjaro. 2020-06-01. https://manjaro.org/download/#ARM.
127. ↑ "TChanges coming with MX 25". MX Linux. 4 August 2025. https://mxlinux.org/blog/changes-coming-with-mx-25/.
128. ↑ "OpenWrt". OpenWrt. 2015-12-16. http://openwrt.org/.
129. ↑ "Oracle Linux". http://www.oracle.com/us/technologies/linux/oracle-linux-ds-1985973.pdf.
130. ↑ "Linux Operating System | Technologies". Oracle. http://www.oracle.com/us/technologies/linux/product/specifications/index.html.
131. ↑ Delgado, André Fabian Silva (3 October 2015). "Parabola GNU/Linux-libre supports ARMv7". https://www.parabola.nu/news/parabola-supports-armv7/.
132. ↑ "ARM Installation Guide". https://wiki.parabola.nu/ARM_Installation_Guide.
133. ↑ Andreas Grapentin. "Re: [GNU-linux-libre ppc64el support in endorsed distros"]. https://lists.nongnu.org/archive/html/gnu-linux-libre/2018-06/msg00017.html.
134. ↑ "MIPS Installation - ParabolaWiki". https://wiki.parabola.nu/index.php?title=MIPS_Installation&oldid=19224.
135. ↑ "Index of /parabola-ports/". https://mirror.grapentin.org/parabola-ports/.
136. ↑ 136.0 136.1 "今日红旗-新闻中心-北京中科红旗软件技术有限公司". http://www.redflag-linux.com/news/today/1000001225.html.
137. ↑ 137.0 137.1 "Red Flag Asianux Server 4-应用服务器-产品-北京中科红旗软件技术有限公司". http://www.redflag-linux.com/product/server/rfas4/.
138. ↑ "Index of /pub/redhat/linux". http://archive.download.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/.
139. ↑ 139.0 139.1 139.2 139.3 "Exploring the Evidence: Did Lou Ferrigno Really Use Steroids?". http://www.linuxroughcuts.org/.
140. ↑ "We make open source technologies for the enterprise". 2016-10-13. http://www.redhat.com/rhel/compare/.
141. ↑ "7.0 Release Notes". https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7-Beta/html-single/7.0_Release_Notes/index.html#ftn.idp14572704.
142. ↑ "Red Hat introduces Arm server support for Red Hat Enterprise Linux". https://www.redhat.com/en/blog/red-hat-introduces-arm-server-support-red-hat-enterprise-linux.
143. ↑ "redhat.com | Enterprise Linux 2.1". 2003-12-09. http://www.redhat.com/software/rhel/21features/.
144. ↑ RHEL 4 is the last version to support 31-bit s390. RHEL 5 only supports 64-bit s390x.
145. ↑ "The Slackware Linux Project: Slackware Ports". http://www.slackware.com/ports/sparc/.
146. ↑ 146.0 146.1 "Index of /pub/slack390". http://ftp.slackware.pl/pub/slack390/.
147. ↑ "The Slackware Linux Project: Slackware Ports". 2002-07-19. http://www.slackware.com/ports/alpha/.
148. ↑ "SUSE Linux Enterprise Server | SUSE". http://www.novell.com/products/server/techspecs.html.
149. ↑ "SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3 Release Notes". SUSE. 7 September 2017. https://www.suse.com/releasenotes/x86_64/SUSE-SLES/12-SP3/.
150. ↑ "Ubuntu 16.04 LTS for IBM LinuxONE and IBM z Systems is now available". 2016-04-22. https://ubuntu.com/blog/ubuntu-16-04-lts-for-ibm-linuxone-and-ibm-z-systems-is-now-available.
151. ↑ 151.0 151.1 "Void Linux for PowerPC/Power ISA (unofficial)". https://voidlinux-ppc.org/.
152. ↑ apk list command, Alpine Linux v3.13
153. ↑ "aports - Main aports tree". http://git.alpinelinux.org/cgit/aports/tree/.
154. ↑ "Netboot Alpine Linux using iPXE - Alpine Linux". https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Netboot_Alpine_Linux_using_iPXE.
155. ↑ "Sisyphus - intro". http://sisyphus.ru/.
156. ↑ "Arch Linux - Package Search". https://www.archlinux.org/packages/.
157. ↑ 157.0 157.1 "AUR (en) - Home". https://aur.archlinux.org/.
158. ↑ "Now using Zstandard instead of xz for package compression". https://www.archlinux.org/news/now-using-zstandard-instead-of-xz-for-package-compression/.
159. ↑ Schmitz, Pierre (2012-07-22). "Install media 2012.07.15 released". https://archlinux.org/news/install-media-20120715-released/.
160. ↑ Razzolini, Giancarlo (2021-04-01). "Installation medium with installer". https://archlinux.org/news/installation-medium-with-installer/.
161. ↑ "BLAG • View topic - rolling or frozen". http://forums.blagblagblag.org/viewtopic.php?p=25681#25681.
162. ↑ 162.00 162.01 162.02 162.03 162.04 162.05 162.06 162.07 162.08 162.09 162.10 162.11 162.12 "All Debian packages in "sid"" (TXT). https://packages.debian.org/sid/allpackages?format=txt.gz.
163. ↑ yum list all command, CentOS Linux 8
164. ↑ "The Chakra Project - Packages". http://chakra-project.org/packages/.
165. ↑ "Chakra | CCR (en) -Home". https://ccr.chakralinux.org/packages.php?O=0&PP=25&SO=a&detail=1.
166. ↑ "Fedora Packages". https://packages.fedoraproject.org/.
167. ↑ "Home - src.fedoraproject.org". https://src.fedoraproject.org/.
168. ↑ eix -- -bin$ command, Gentoo Linux (8 April 2025)
169. ↑ "Search Results for -bin". Gentoo Foundation, Inc. 8 April 2025. https://packages.gentoo.org/packages/search?q=-bin.
170. ↑ "Gentoo Packages". packages.gentoo.org. Gentoo Foundation, Inc. 8 April 2025. http://packages.gentoo.org/.
171. ↑ "Packages". 2022-12-22. https://www.gnu.org/software/guix/packages/.
172. ↑ "Invoking `guix system`". 2020-04-15. https://guix.gnu.org/manual/en/html_node/Invoking-guix-system.html#Invoking-guix-system.
173. ↑ "GNU Guix 1.1.0 released". 2020-04-15. https://guix.gnu.org/blog/2020/gnu-guix-1.1.0-released/.
174. ↑ "Invoking `guix deploy`". 2020-04-15. https://guix.gnu.org/manual/en/html_node/Invoking-guix-deploy.html#Invoking-guix-deploy.
175. ↑ "Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre packages". https://www.hyperbola.info/packages/.
176. ↑ "Linux Free Software Catalog and Packages Search". Linux Free Software Catalog and Packages Search. http://pkgs.org/#mageia-1.
177. ↑ "Build system status". http://pkgsubmit.mageia.org/.
178. ↑ "Calamares – The universal installer framework". https://calamares.io/.
179. ↑ "Graphical Software Managers - Manjaro Linux". 2016-07-18. https://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=Graphical_Software_Managers.
180. ↑ "Hydra - Evaluation 1806590 of jobset nixpkgs:trunk". https://hydra.nixos.org/eval/1806590?filter=x86_64-linux&compare=1806590&full=#tabs-still-succeed.
181. ↑ "Nixpkgs unstable repository information - Repology". https://repology.org/repository/nix_unstable.
182. ↑ "Netboot - NixOS Wiki". https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Netboot.
183. ↑ "Nix - NixOS 22.05 manual". https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-booting-from-pxe.
184. ↑ "OpenELEC.tv/packages at master · OpenELEC/OpenELEC.tv · GitHub". https://github.com/OpenELEC/OpenELEC.tv/tree/master/packages.
185. ↑ "openSUSE Software". https://software.opensuse.org/.
186. ↑ "Parabola GNU/Linux-libre - Package Search". https://www.parabola.nu/packages/.
187. ↑ "EPEL". FedoraProject. 2016-05-26. http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL.
188. ↑ "SlackBuilds.org". https://slackbuilds.org/result/?search=&sv=14.2.
189. ↑ found this in /usr/lib/setup/setup
190. ↑ "3383 packages and 430719 files in stable database (Sat 22 October 2016 04:04:55 PM UTC)". http://pkgs.slitaz.org/search.sh?version=s.
191. ↑ "Builder". Tiny SliTaz. 2016-07-22. http://tiny.slitaz.org/.
192. ↑ "All Trisquel Packages in "belenos"". Trisquel. http://packages.trisquel.info/belenos/allpackages?format=txt.gz.
193. ↑ "All Ubuntu packages in "kinetic"" (TXT). https://packages.ubuntu.com/kinetic/allpackages?format=txt.gz.
194. ↑ "Index of /alpine/latest-stable/releases/x86_64/". 5 December 2024. https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/latest-stable/releases/x86_64/. Retrieved 30 December 2024.
195. ↑ "Requirements - Alpine Linux". 20 December 2024. https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Requirements. Retrieved 30 December 2024.
196. ↑ 196.0 196.1 "Frequently Asked Questions - DSL Wiki". 3 July 2010. https://www.damnsmalllinux.org/wiki/frequently_asked_questions.html#Will_DSL_ever_get_bigger_than_50_MBytes.3F.
197. ↑ 197.0 197.1 "Damn Small Linux Not is Not Damn Small Linux!". https://www.damnsmalllinux.org/dsl-n/.
198. ↑ "Live install images". https://www.debian.org/CD/live/.
199. ↑ "Index of /debian-cd/current-live/amd64/iso-hybrid". https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current-live/amd64/iso-hybrid/.
200. ↑ "DVD/USB Live install images". https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current-live/amd64/bt-hybrid/.
201. ↑ "Download gNewSense 4". http://www.gnewsense.org/Main/Download.
202. ↑ "GNU Guix Reference Manual, 6.1.3: USB Stick and DVD Installation". https://www.gnu.org/software/guix/manual/en/html_node/USB-Stick-and-DVD-Installation.html#USB-Stick-and-DVD-Installation.
203. ↑ "Get Manjaro". https://manjaro.org/get-manjaro/.
204. ↑ "Pentoo Development Website". Archived from the original on 8 January 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20100108084126/http://trac.pentoo.ch/wiki/Livecd/Installation.
205. ↑ "Scientific Linux i386 Live CD/DVD". http://ftp1.scientificlinux.org/linux/scientific/livecd/63/i386/.
206. ↑ "System Requirements". http://www.slackware.com/install/sysreq.php.
207. ↑ Robert Shingledecker (2012). "Downloads - Tiny Core Linux". http://distro.ibiblio.org/tinycorelinux/downloads.html.
208. ↑ Robert Shingledecker. "Frequently Asked Questions: What are the minimum requirements?". http://distro.ibiblio.org/tinycorelinux/faq.html#req.
209. ↑ "Download Trisquel GNU/Linux". trisquel.info. https://trisquel.info/en/download.
210. ↑ "Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic Beaver)". ubuntu.com. http://releases.ubuntu.com/18.04/.
211. ↑ "Edubuntu 14.04.3 LTS (Trusty Tahr)". ubuntu.com. http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/edubuntu/releases/14.04/release/.
212. ↑ "Kubuntu 16.04 (Xenial Xerus)". ubuntu.com. http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/releases/16.04/release/.
213. ↑ "Xubuntu 16.04 (Xenial Xerus)". http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/xubuntu/releases/16.04/release/.
214. ↑ "Package details". https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/package/edge/main/x86/fortify-headers.
215. ↑ "SELinux - Archwiki". https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/SELinux.
216. ↑ "Mandatory Access Control with SELinux". https://www.linux-magazine.com/Issues/2008/91/SE-Linux.
217. ↑ "Fedora Core 0.94 Release Notes". https://distrowatch.com/external/RedHat-Severn-Release-Notes2.html.
218. ↑ 218.0 218.1 "Xtreme - ParabolaWiki". https://wiki.parabola.nu/Xtreme.
219. ↑ "AppArmor (2.3.1) Quick Start". 2010-07-10. https://documentation.suse.com/sles/11-SP4/single-html/SLES-apparmor-quick/index.html.
220. ↑ "Security Features". https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Security_Features.
221. ↑ 221.0 221.1 "Ubuntu Security/Features". https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Security/Features.
222. ↑ "Get Kali". https://www.kali.org/get-kali/#kali-installer-images.
223. ↑ "Ubuntu for ARM | Download". https://ubuntu.com/download/server/arm.
224. ↑ "Fedora Workstation". 29 October 2024. https://getfedora.org/en/workstation/download/.
225. ↑ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Developer". 2 May 2024. https://developers.redhat.com/products/rhel/download.

## External links

* Linux free distros (Free Software Foundation)
* Repository tracking
* The LWN.net Linux Distribution List – Categorized list with information about each entry.
* Distrowatch – Announcements, information, links and popularity ranking for many Linux distributions.
* Linux Distros – Information and ISO files for many oldest Linux distributions.

* v
* t
* e

Linux distributions

Android|

* Android-IA
* Android-x86
* LineageOS
* /e/
* CyanogenMod
* Remix OS
* Replicant

Arch|

* ArchBang
* ArchLabs
* Artix
* Chakra
* Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre
* Manjaro
* Parabola GNU/Linux-libre

Debian|

* antiX
* Astra Linux
* Bharat Operating System Solutions
* deepin
* Devuan
* Elive
* Endless OS
* gNewSense
* HandyLinux
* Kali Linux
* Knoppix
* MX Linux
* Parrot Security OS
* SparkyLinux
* SolydXK
* SteamOS
* Tails

| Ubuntu|

* Official: Kubuntu
* Lubuntu
* Ubuntu Budgie
* Ubuntu Kylin
* Ubuntu MATE
* Ubuntu Studio
* Xubuntu

* Other: Asturix
* Bodhi Linux
* elementary OS
* KDE neon
* Linux Mint
* Pinguy OS
* Trisquel
* Uruk
* LXLE Linux
* Linux Lite
* Zorin OS

|

Fedora|

* BLAG Linux and GNU
* Korora

| Red Hat|

* CentOS
* ClearOS
* Linpus Linux
* Oracle Linux
* Qubes OS
* Rocks Cluster Distribution
* Scientific Linux
* SME Server

|

Gentoo|

* Calculate Linux
* Chromium OS
* Chrome OS
* Sabayon Linux
* Nova OS

Slackware|

* Austrumi Linux
* DeLi Linux
* DNALinux
* Kongoni
* NimbleX
* Platypux
* Porteus
* Salix OS
* Slax
* TopologiLinux
* VectorLinux
* Zenwalk

Mandriva|

* ALT Linux
* Mageia
* OpenMandriva Lx
* PCLinuxOS
* ROSA Linux

Other|

* 4MLinux
* Alpine Linux
* CRUX
* Frugalware Linux
* GeckoLinux
* GoboLinux
* GuixSD
* KaOS
* Kwort Linux
* Lunar Linux
* NixOS
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Controversies|

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Distributions|

* General comparison
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* Distributions that run from RAM
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* Package manager
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Organizations|

* LinuxChix
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Adoption|

* Adopters
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* Range of use

Media|

* DistroWatch
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* Phoronix
* Revolution OS
* The Code

* Linux
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* Portal
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* v
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Free and open-source software

General|

* Alternative terms for free software
* Comparison of open-source and closed-source software
* Comparison of source-code-hosting facilities
* Free software
* Free software project directories
* Gratis versus libre
* Long-term support
* Open-source software
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* Outline

Software
packages|

* Audio
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Community|

* Free software movement
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Licenses|

* AFL
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* MIT
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* Ms-PL/RL
* Python
* Python Software Foundation License
* Sleepycat
* Unlicense
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* zlib

| Types and
standards|

* Comparison of free and open-source software licenses
* Contributor License Agreement
* Copyleft
* Debian Free Software Guidelines
* Definition of Free Cultural Works
* Free license
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* The Open Source Definition
* Open-source license
* Permissive software license
* Public domain
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|

Challenges|

* Digital rights management
* Firmware security
* Hardware restrictions
* License proliferation
* Mozilla software rebranding
* Proprietary device drivers
* Proprietary firmware
* Proprietary software
* SCO/Linux controversies
* Secure boot
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* Software security
* Trusted Computing

Related topics|

* Forking
* GNU Manifesto
* Microsoft Open Specification Promise
* Open-core model
* Open-source hardware
* Shared Source Initiative
* Source-available software
* The Cathedral and the Bazaar
* Revolution OS

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