Responses to coronavirus outbreak, 2020

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# Documenting America's Path to Recovery

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Current coverage
Active COVID-19 emergency orders • Changes to emergency power laws • Federal government responses • Mask requirements • School policies in the 2021-2022 academic year • State vaccine requirement (vaccine passport) policies • State employee vaccine requirements • State plans to end federal unemployment • State unemployment filings • Travel restrictions • Vaccine distribution plans

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Vaccines

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School policies

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Mask requirements

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Federal pandemic responses

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Travel restrictions

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Elections

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Economy and society

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State policies

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Debate about government responses

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Click here to see our complete coronavirus coverage

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Responses by state

AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyomingSubmit

Ballotpedia’s coverage of COVID-19 includes how federal, state, and local governments are responding, and how those responses are influencing election rules and operations, political campaigns, the economy, schools, and more. We document the plans for recovery, including plans for the distribution of vaccines, put forth by states, localities, and others in a way that allows citizens, policymakers, influencers, pundits, and the nation's reporters to engage in fruitful comparisons moving forward. We will curate the ongoing debates, as well as the political impact of the conversations.

This article contains links links to and descriptions of our full suite of pandemic coverage, including:

* Vaccine policies
* School policies
* Mask requirements
* Federal policies and responses
* Travel restrictions
* Elections
* Economy and society
* State policies
* Coronavirus responses by state
* Arguments about government responses
* Backgrounds
* General resources for citizens

We encourage you to share updates from local officials, policymakers, and campaigns in your community at editor@ballotpedia.org.

## Contents

* 1 State vaccine policies
* 2 School COVID-19 policies
* 2.1 School responses by state
* 3 Mask requirements
* 4 Federal government responses
* 5 Travel restrictions
* 6 Elections
* 7 Economy and society
* 8 State policies
* 9 Coronavirus responses by state
* 10 Arguments about government responses
* 11 Background on Documenting America's Path to Recovery
* 12 General resources
* 13 See also
* 14 Footnotes

## State vaccine policies

These pages explain the decision-making processes related to vaccine distribution, including sources of authority and which decision-makers will determine vaccine allocation. These pages also track the states requiring healthcare workers and state employees to get a COVID-19 vaccine.

* Healthcare worker vaccine requirements
* State employee vaccine requirements
* State vaccine requirement (vaccine passport) policies
* State vaccine distribution plans

## School COVID-19 policies

In response to the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States, every state closed public schools for at least some period of time. As students returned to school for the 2021-2022 school year, states set a variety of policies on education and the COVID-19 pandemic, including how schools should open to in-person instruction and whether students and staff would be required to wear masks.

* 2021-2022 school year
* 2020-2021 school year
* 2019-2020 school year
* CDC guidance
* School budget changes

### School responses by state

Click your state in the map below to read more about its policies for the 2021-2022 school year.

* Alabama
* Alaska
* Arizona
* Arkansas
* California
* Colorado
* Connecticut
* Delaware
* Florida
* Georgia
* Hawaii
* Idaho
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Kansas
* Kentucky
* Louisiana
* Maine
* Maryland
* Massachusetts
* Michigan
* Minnesota
* Mississippi
* Missouri
* Montana
* Nebraska
* Nevada
* New Hampshire
* New Jersey
* New Mexico
* New York
* North Carolina
* North Dakota
* Ohio
* Oklahoma
* Oregon
* Pennsylvania
* Rhode Island
* South Carolina
* South Dakota
* Tennessee
* Texas
* Utah
* Vermont
* Virginia
* Washington
* West Virginia
* Wisconsin
* Wyoming

## Mask requirements

In response to the coronavirus pandemic, some states introduced requirements for individuals to wear face coverings when in public. This page compiles those restrictions introduced at a state level.

* State-level mask requirements in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020-2021

## Federal government responses

These pages catalogue federal policy changes or programs made in response to the coronavirus pandemic, including significant legislation, executive actions, and department policies.

* Federal government responses under Biden and Trump administrations
* Pandemic Response Accountability Committee
* Lost Wages Assistance (LWA) program
* CARES Act and Paycheck Protection Program

## Travel restrictions

This article tracks executive orders that governors and state agencies have issued restricting interstate travel or placing requirements on interstate travelers in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This page also includes recommendations or advisories issued by governors or state agencies related to interstate travel.

* State travel restrictions

To read about state-specific restrictions, select a state below.

* Alabama
* Alaska
* Arizona
* Arkansas
* California
* Colorado
* Connecticut
* Delaware
* Florida
* Georgia
* Hawaii
* Idaho
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Kansas
* Kentucky
* Louisiana
* Maine
* Maryland
* Massachusetts
* Michigan
* Minnesota
* Mississippi
* Missouri
* Montana
* Nebraska
* Nevada
* New Hampshire
* New Jersey
* New Mexico
* New York
* North Carolina
* North Dakota
* Ohio
* Oklahoma
* Oregon
* Pennsylvania
* Rhode Island
* South Carolina
* South Dakota
* Tennessee
* Texas
* Utah
* Vermont
* Virginia
* Washington
* West Virginia
* Wisconsin
* Wyoming

## Elections

These pages look at changes made to election administration and procedures, election dates, as well as recalls and ballot measures related to the coronavirus pandemic.

* Changes to election dates, procedures, and administration
* Changes to absentee/mail-in voting procedures
* Changes to candidate filing procedures
* Changes to political party events
* Election postponements
* Ballot measure changes
* Recalls related to the pandemic
* Pandemic effects on candidate filing ratios

## Economy and society

These articles go beyond government policy responses to provide context for understanding how the pandemic has affected both the economy and society. Included in these articles is a look back at the 1918 pandemic.

In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, states closed courthouses, limited travel, and placed restrictions on schools, businesses, and public gatherings. The nature and scope of these restrictions varied from state to state. As the pandemic progressed, policymakers, public health professionals, and other stakeholders made plans for easing or removing those restrictions and resuming government, business, and social activities.

* Terms and definitions
* Officials and candidates affected by coronavirus
* Analysis articles
* Lawsuits
* 1918 influenza pandemic
* Unemployment filings
* Citizen resources
* State emergency power authority
* Municipal emergency power authority
* Non-governmental responses
* Weekly Updates • Polling

## State policies

These articles look how state governments responded to the coronavirus pandemic.

* Changes to state emergency power authority
* State emergency power authority
* Municipal emergency power authority
* Changes to state emergency power authority
* Multistate agreements
* Executive orders

## Coronavirus responses by state

Choose your state...AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWashington, D.C.West VirginiaWisconsinWyoming

https://ballotpedia.org/Government_responses_to_and_political_effects_of_the_coronavirus_pandemic,_2020_(STATE)

Click a state on the list below to see the coronavirus responses in that state.

* Alabama
* Alaska
* Arizona
* Arkansas
* California
* Colorado
* Connecticut
* Delaware
* Florida
* Georgia
* Hawaii
* Idaho
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Kansas
* Kentucky
* Louisiana
* Maine
* Maryland
* Massachusetts
* Michigan
* Minnesota
* Mississippi
* Missouri
* Montana
* Nebraska
* Nevada
* New Hampshire
* New Jersey
* New Mexico
* New York
* North Carolina
* North Dakota
* Ohio
* Oklahoma
* Oregon
* Pennsylvania
* Rhode Island
* South Carolina
* South Dakota
* Tennessee
* Texas
* Utah
* Vermont
* Virginia
* Washington
* West Virginia
* Wisconsin
* Wyoming

## Arguments about government responses

This page catalogues the main arguments for and against different policies responses as articulated by public officials, journalists, think tanks, economists, scientists, and other stakeholders.

* Arguments in support of and opposition to government responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020

## Background on Documenting America's Path to Recovery

Last updated: March 22, 2022

Here are eight things about America's path to recovery that guided our editorial decisions.

1. Variations would exist between states in how they responded to the pandemic. There would be considerably more variation from one state to the next than there typically is in other policy areas.
2. There would be significant variations between cities and other local political jurisdictions like counties and school districts. Some local political jurisdictions would be at odds with the state within which they are located.
3. People (pundits, journalists, analysts, and voters) would judge the government by the actions it did or did not take on the path to recovery. By "the government" we meant all three levels of government—federal, state, and local—and all three branches—executive, legislative, and judicial.
4. Political partisans would seek to elevate and magnify what they said were the failures of the other party/political persuasion and elevate and magnify what they said were the successes of their party/political persuasion.
5. Regular people and voters would look for trustworthy and reliable information to inform their judgments. This would manifest in daily life with conversations between neighbors, posts on Facebook, and dinner table talks among families.
6. The decision-makers involved in responding to the pandemic would have limited information at their disposal. The possibility existed of a peculiar mix: An information void combined with information overload.
7. The plans and arguments would be dynamic. Understanding them would require organizing the plans into a coherent and correct conceptual framework.
8. How the recovery unfolded would be a major factor in future election cycles.

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More News and Information about COVID-19

## General resources

The chart below shows coronavirus statistics from countries across the world. The information is provided by Real Clear Politics.

Click the links below to explore official resources related to the coronavirus outbreak.

* Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
* National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
* Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor
* U.S. Department of Education
* World Health Organization
* Trends in Number of COVID-19 Cases and Deaths in the US Reported to CDC, by State/Territory
* Coronavirus (COVID-19) Vaccinations, Our World in Data (Number of vaccines administered)
* Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker, New York Times (Progress of vaccine trials)

## See also

* Changes to election dates, procedures, and administration in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020
* Federal government responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020-2021
* State government responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020
* Local government responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020
* Government official, politician, and candidate deaths, diagnoses, and quarantines due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020-2021
* Changes to ballot measure campaigns, procedures, and policies in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020-2022
* Federal Politics
* State Politics
* Local Politics

## Footnotes

Retrieved from "https://ballotpedia.orghttps://ballotpedia.org/index.php?title=Documenting_America's_Path_to_Recovery&oldid=8775637"

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