Gospel of John

John and his feathered friend.

Light iron-age reading
The Bible

Gabbin' with God

* Old / New Testament
* Apocrypha
* Annotated Bible

Analysis

* Documentary hypothesis
* Skeptic's Annotated Bible
* The Brick Testament

Woo

* The Drama of the Lost Disciples
* Jose Luis de Jesús
* Institute for Creation Research

Figures

* Mary (mother of Jesus)
* Lot
* Judas Iscariot

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The Gospel of John is the fourth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the gospel following Luke.

John was the last gospel to be written,[note 1] and therefore it has the most developed Christology. None of the synoptic gospels hint that Jesus is God. The gospel of John does so in several passages, equating the Word who became flesh with God, having Jews attempt to kill him for his attempted apotheosis, having Jesus call himself "I AM", having St. Thomas fall to his knees, calling Jesus, "My Lord and my God", and Lazarus (The sick one).

John is written not so much as an exhaustive biographical narrative, but a collection of incidents strung together to make a set of theological points. The other three gospels, the synoptic texts, all tell essentially the same story (often word-for-word), while John doesn't seem to have tried very hard to cross-check his version of Jesus with the Q document. As early as 1800 years ago, Clement of Alexandria implied that it should not be taken as a literal biography.

The Gospel of John actually does not explicitly state that its author was John the Apostle. Rather, it claims to be composed by "the disciple whom Jesus loved," who might have been John, or Mary Magdalene, or a secret gay lover for that matter. Scholarly consensus is that it was not even written directly by this person, but rather a group of their followers after their death. Hence, like the other gospels, it is not a first-hand account of someone who personally knew Jesus.

One particular verse in the Gospel of John, John 3:16, has gained much notoriety because it nicely sums up one of the central tenets of Christianity. Some of the notoriety associated with John 3:16 comes from its interpretation or use by some Christians as a "Get Out of Jail Free" card — no matter how awful one's behavior here on Earth, and no matter what crimes one has committed against one's fellow human beings, an awesome afterlife is guaranteed if you just throw in with J. Christ. Thus, John 3:16 provides strong incentive to potential converts to Christianity. One recent example is former professional football player Aaron Hernandez who, after murdering at least 3 people, parlayed the John 3:16 card into eternity in Heaven.[1] Another example is "Rainbow Man" Rollen Stewart who promoted the verse endlessly at sports games in the 1980s before he went even more nuts and was imprisoned for kidnapping.

Another troubling part of the Gospel of John is Chapter 8, which is widely used as a basis for Christian antisemitism.[2][3]

## Contents

* 1 Translation controversy
* 2 Dating
* 3 See also
* 4 Notes
* 5 References

## Translation controversy[edit]

The opening of John, known as the Hymn of the Word, forms one of the most important pieces of mainstream theology: that Jesus is God, God is Jesus, separate yet in unison, so on and so forth. The splinter religion or denomination known as Jehovah's Witnesses has caused much consternation by deliberately choosing the translation "and the Word was a god" over "and the Word was God" — a legal translation, given the dual purpose of the word theos in Greek writing, but contrary to how that word is used everywhere else in the New Testament. This tiny change completely alters one's understanding of the divine nature of Jesus, yanking out support for the Trinity and instead installing Jesus as a powerful but not omnipotent distinct entity.

## Dating[edit]

Dating the Gospels is a complex issue, but a quick and dirty summary of one scenario [4] is:

* Mark: 71 CE, gloating over the destruction of the Temple (70 CE): Hey everybody, this was prophesied by Jesus! The kingdom of God is at hand! For Mark, Jesus is the "Son of David" in the metaphorical sense of a wonder worker. Mark contains magical elements: Jesus makes an ointment from his spit to apply to the eyes of the blind, and Aramaic utterances within the Greek text have the feeling of spells cast in a magical language (these elements missing from the other three canonical gospels). The parables mask a secret teaching that is only revealed to the disciples, and Jesus's identity as the Messiah is kept secret until the very end, when it is revealed to Pontius Pilate, so there.[5] Thanks, Romans!
* Matthew: 75 CE, adds more details to Mark. A genealogy for Jesus is constructed to present him as a "Son of David" in the generally understood sense. Hyperlinks to Psalms and other passages from the Tanakh are generated to appeal to Jews, and a number of sayings that go beyond Jewish ethics are gathered into the Sermon on the Mount. The parables still mask a secret teaching; secrecy is important because Jewish members of the Jesus movement still wannabe full-fledged members of synagogues.
* Expulsion of Christians from synagogues: c.83 CE (open to argument; but clearly this happened at some point).
* Gospel of John: late 80s or early 90s CE; expresses the pain of expulsion particularly in chapter 9, in which a man born blind is healed by Jesus and then expelled from the synagogue. Throughout John, this is pain is expressed in a way that makes the gospel a blueprint for Christian antisemitism. Beginning with the logos doctrine, the Gospel of John offers a new approach that eliminates the need for gentiles to know anything about Hebrew scriptures or Judaism. There are no parables with an inner meaning restricted to a chosen few. Many long discourses that create a feeling of intimacy, but no Sermon on the Mount. Having demonstrated the persuasiveness of a gospel unhinged from history, John ends (John 21:25) by saying that "there are many other things that Jesus did," inviting others to invent even more gospels, which is okay because in the beginning was the mansplaining. The last chapter also mentions the number 153 enigmatically so as to invite numerological speculation.
* Gospel of Luke: 110s CE; claims to have been well-researched; reasserts the "synoptic" historical approach of Mark and Matthew. Thus, while clamping down on the stories that John invited others to invent, proceeds to invent stories that appeal in particular to gentile women, and that also harmonize with the practices of the Pauline community of Christians based in Greece, Anatolia, and northern Syria; this requires some skill, because that community is already moving in a fully misogynistic direction (one reason to date Luke after the Pastoral Epistles). The Sermon on the Plain echoes Matthew's Sermon on the Mount; elimination of Johannine intimacy suggests that there are now bishops who are jealous of inspired lay believers. Luke tones down the apocalyptic expectations of a Second Coming almost to zero, while retaining its dramatic force for sermons (another reason for the late date).

## See also[edit]

* RationalWiki:Annotated Bible/John

## Notes[edit]

1. ↑ Possibly the last, that is — dating biblical texts is notoriously tricky and the Dead Sea Scrolls make a mess of things.

## References[edit]

1. ↑ BREAKING: God Admits Aaron Hernandez to Kingdom
2. ↑ Cast Out of the Covenant: Jews and Anti-Judaism in the Gospel of John by Adele Reinhartz (2020) Fortress Academic. ISBN 1978701195.
3. ↑ Signs Of Trouble: A Pennsylvania Gubernatorial Candidate Decorated His Yard Signs With An Obscure Bible Passage. Was He Sending A Message Of Religious Intolerance? by Robert Shaffer (Feb 28, 2023) Church & State Magazine.
4. ↑ Marcus J. Borg. The Evolution of the Word: The New Testament in the Order the Books Were Written (2012, HarperOne).
5. ↑ Mark 15:2.

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Articles about the Bible

Old Testament: |  Goliath • Tamar • Tower of Babel • Abel • Joseph (Old Testament) • Firmament • Baal • Noah • Isaac • Ishmael • Amalekites • Curse of Ham • Jacob • Sodom and Gomorrah • Ezekiel's wheel • Lot • Nephilim • G'Tach • Joseph was Imhotep • Moses • Global flood • Cain • Gibeah • Abraham • Old Testament • Incubus and succubus myths • King David • Serpent seed doctrine • Leviathan • Messiah • Mark of Cain • Asherah • Nimrod • Sirach • Jezebel • Adam and Eve • Moloch • Book of Joel • Garden of Eden • Satan • List of actions prohibited by the Bible •
| Torah: |  Torah • Book of Exodus • Book of Genesis • Book of Leviticus • Book of Numbers • Book of Zechariah • Book of Deuteronomy •
| Old Testament History: |  Book of Esther • Book of Ezra • Book of Judges • Book of Ruth • Books of Chronicles • Books of Kings • Books of Samuel • Book of Joshua •
| Old Testament Wisdom: |  Ecclesiastes • Song of Solomon • Book of Job • Book of Proverbs • Book of Psalms •
| Major and Minor Prophets: |  Book of Daniel • Book of Ezekiel • Book of Isaiah • Book of Lamentations • Book of Jeremiah •
New Testament: |  Mary Magdalene • New Testament • Mary (mother of Jesus) • Joseph of Arimathea • Paul of Tarsus • Good Samaritan • Authorship of the New Testament • Magi • John the Baptist • Principalities and powers • Joseph (husband of Mary) • Nag Hammadi library • Messiah • Jesus • Gospel of Barnabas • Peter the Apostle • Pontius Pilate • Judas Iscariot • Book of Revelation •
| Gospels and Acts: |  Acts of the Apostles • Gospels • Q gospel • Gospel of Mark • Gospel of Luke • Gospel of Matthew •
| Pauline Epistles: |  Corinthians • Galatians • Ephesians • Colossians • Epistle to the Philippians • Epistle to Philemon • Epistle to the Romans • Epistle to Titus • First Epistle to the Thessalonians • Second Epistle to the Thessalonians • Second Epistle to Timothy • First Epistle to Timothy •
| General Epistles: |  Epistle of Jude • Epistle of James • Epistle to the Hebrews • First Epistle of John • First Epistle of Peter • Second Epistle of John • Second Epistle of Peter • Third Epistle of John •
Bible analysis: |  Apocalyptic literature • Authorship of the New Testament • Bible interpolation • Biblical sexism • Bibliolatry • Documentary hypothesis • Evidence for the Exodus • Gospels • Horizontal reading • King James Only • Pesher • Q gospel • Septuagint • Skeptic's Annotated Bible • Ten Commandments • Torah • Bible translation • Word of God • Biblical literalism • Biblical contradictions • List of mistakes made by God • Abomination • Firmament • G'Tach • Arsenokoites • Genealogy of Jesus • Nag Hammadi library • Noah's Ark • Annotated Bible • Slavery in the Bible • Examples of God personally killing people • Herod • The Brick Testament • Evidence against a recent creation • EvilBible.com • List of actions prohibited by the Bible • Biblical scientific errors •
| Bible translations: |  Cockney Bible • Douay-Rheims • Jefferson Bible • King James Only • Septuagint • Vetus Latina • Bible translation • Annotated Bible •
| Apocrypha: |  Didache • Apocrypha • Nag Hammadi library • Book of Judith • 2 Maccabees • 3 Maccabees • 4 Maccabees • Books of Enoch • Books of the Maccabees • Gospel of Judas • Gospel of Mary • Gospel of Philip • Gospel of Thomas • Infancy Gospel of James • Infancy Gospel of Thomas • 1 Maccabees •
Biblical figures: |  Abel • Cain • Ishmael • Jacob • Joseph of Arimathea • Joseph (Old Testament) • Mary (mother of Jesus) • Noah • Paul of Tarsus • Mary Magdalene • Lot • Goliath • Nephilim • Moses • YHWH • Amalekites • Baal • King David • Joseph (husband of Mary) • God • Jesus • Asherah • Nimrod • Habakkuk • Adam and Eve • Herod • Pontius Pilate • Jezebel • Tamar • Judas Iscariot • Satan •
Bible woo: |  Jesus diet • Name it and claim it • Snake handling • Speaking in tongues • Spiritual warfare • The Bible Code • Gematria • Stigmata • Biblical longevity • Hanzi of Genesis • Dr. Bronner's Soap • Presidential Prayer Team • Trinity Broadcasting Network • Zecharia Sitchin • James Ussher • Creation Week • Zion Oil and Gas • The Drama of the Lost Disciples • Roman Piso • Jose Luis de Jesús • Prayer • Black Hebrew Israelites • Jonathan Otto • Benny Hinn • Presents Of God Ministry • Solfeggio frequencies • Ken Ham • Harold Camping • Institute for Creation Research • Steve Quayle • Kabbalah Center • Acharya S • Christian Identity • Peter J. Peters • Ezekiel's wheel • Creation Research • Biblical scientific foreknowledge • British Israelism •
| Scientific foreknowledge: |  Gaps between Science and the Bible • Scientific Facts in the Bible: 100 Reasons to Believe the Bible is Supernatural in Origin • Science Confirms the Bible • Eternal Productions: 101 Scientific Facts and Foreknowledge • Modern Science in the Bible • Biblical scientific foreknowledge •