Long March 2

Short description: Chinese family of rockets

Long March 2 rocket family or Chang Zheng 2 rocket family as in Chinese pinyin is an expendable launch system operated by the People's Republic of China. The rockets use the abbreviations LM-2 family for export, and CZ-2 family within China, as "Chang Zheng" means "Long March" in Chinese pinyin. They are part of the larger Long March rocket family. Development and design falls mostly under the auspices of the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT).

## Contents

* 1 History
* 1.1 Long March 3
* 2 Specifications
* 3 Launch history
* 3.1 Launches by rocket configurations
* 3.1.1 1970-2009
* 3.1.2 2010-2022
* 4 References

## History

Long March 2 was the original model in the Long March 2 rocket family, which was derived from China's first ICBM, the DF-5. The development work began in 1970. The first rocket was launched on November 5, 1974,[1] but the launch failed. After the failed first launch of Long March 2, its design was slightly modified and designated as Long March 2A. Long March 2A was successfully launched in 1975.[2] The production of the Long March 2A ended in 1979.

Long March 2C and Long March 2D's first launches occurred in 1982 and 1992 respectively.

The Long March 2E was the first in the Long March rocket family to introduce liquid rocket boosters, as well as a solid rocket perigee kick stage, to improve its GTO payload capacity to satisfy the domestic and international launch market in the 1990s. It was first launched in 1992. However, the Long March 2E had problems with excessive vibration, destroying the Optus B2 and Apstar 2 satellites and damaging AsiaSat 2.[3][4] After 2 failures and 1 partial failure, the Long March 2E was withdrawn from the market after just 5 years in operation.

The development of Long March 2F began in 1992 as a human-rated version of the Long March 2E.[5] Its first launch was in November 1999 (See also Shenzhou 1). This version is the safest model in the Long March 2 family, with 11 launches and no failure record. An unmanned derivative called Long March 2F/G carries the bulkier Tiangong space laboratories.[6]

Long March 2D and Long March 4 were developed by the Shanghai Academy of Space Flight Technology (SAST), while all others are developed by CALT.

### Long March 3

The designations Long March 2A and Long March 2B were originally applied to design studies of Long March 2 derivatives for geostationary payloads. Long March 2A would use a cryogenic third stage, and Long March 2B a hypergolic one. Neither design was finalized. The 2A design was adopted as the Long March 3.[7]

## Specifications

Specifications  Series | 2A | 2C | 2D | 2E | 2F

|
|
|
|
|

Model |

Stages | 2  | 2  | 2  | 3
(plus 4 Strap-on boosters)  | 2
(plus 4 Strap-on boosters)
Length (m) | 31.170  | 35.150  | 33.667
(Sans fairings)  | 49.686  | 62
Max. diameter (m) | 3.35  | 3.35  | 3.35  | 7.85  | 7.85
Liftoff mass (t) | 190  | 192  | 232  | 462  | 464
Liftoff thrust (kN) | 2786  | 2786  | 2962  | 5923  | 6512
Payload (LEO, kg) | 1800  | 2400  | 3100  | 9200  | 8400

## Launch history

The following launch statistics are gathered from the individual Wikipedia pages of each CZ-2x variants as those pages are updated more frequently by various editors; the numbers are current as of 14 December, 2022.

Long March 2 (rocket family)  Derivatives | Status | First flight | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial Failures

|
|
|
|
|
|

Long March 2  | Retired  | 5 November 1974  | 1  | 0  | 1  | 0
Long March 2A | Retired  | 26 November 1975  | 3  | 3  | 0  | 0
Long March 2C | Active  | 9 September 1982  | 67  | 66  | 1  | 0
Long March 2D | Active  | 9 August 1992  | 74  | 73  | 0  | 1
Long March 2E | Retired  | 16 July 1990  | 7  | 4  | 1  | 2
Long March 2F | Active  | 19 November 1999  | 20  | 20  | 0  | 0

### Launches by rocket configurations

#### 1970-2009

Script error: No such module "Chart".

#### 2010-2022

Script error: No such module "Chart".

## References

1. ↑ "Go Taikonauts! - Launch Vehicle". http://geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/1921/launch.htm.
2. ↑ Torishima, Shinya (2014-12-08). "中国の長征ロケット・シリーズ、200機目の打ち上げを達成". http://sorae.jp/030201/5388.html.
3. ↑ Zinger, Kurtis J. (26 October 2014). "An Overreaction that Destroyed an Industry: The Past, Present, and Future of U.S. Satellite Export Controls". University of Colorado Law Review. https://lawreview.colorado.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/13.-86.1-Zinger_Final.pdf.
4. ↑ "CZ-2E Space Launch Vehicle". GlobalSecurity.org. https://www.globalsecurity.org/space/world/china/cz-2e.htm.
5. ↑ "Space Launchers - Long March". http://www.braeunig.us/space/specs/lgmarch.htm.
6. ↑ Jones, Morris (2016-01-27). "Last Launch for Long March 2F/G". Space Daily. http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Last_Launch_for_Long_March2FG_999.html. "The principal difference between the Shenzhou-launching Long March 2F and its 2F/G cousin is easy to spot. The 2F/G carries a very different payload fairing at its top. This accounts. for the larger dimensions of the Tiangong laboratory, which wouldn't fit inside the standard payload fairing for the 2F.
It also lacks an emergency escape system. With no astronauts on board, the escape rocket and stabilizer panels that help Shenzhou spacecraft to separate from their rocket in a launch failure are not needed. This simplifies the design and also reduces the weight of the rocket. That's critical. Tiangong modules weigh more than Shenzhou spacecraft, so this helps to keep the overall launch mass within performance limits."
7. ↑ Wu, Min (2013-06-17). "长征谱系：在研重型火箭运载能力为现役型号6倍" (in zh-hans). http://news.ifeng.com/shendu/lwdfzk/detail_2013_06/17/26475370_1.shtml.

* v
* t
* e

Long March (rocket family)

Rockets|

* Feng Bao 1
* Long March 1
* 1D
* Long March 2
* 2A
* 2C
* 2D
* 2E
* 2F
* Long March 3
* 3A
* 3B
* 3B/E
* 3C
* Long March 4
* 4A
* 4B
* 4C
* Long March 5
* 5B
* Long March 6
* Long March 7
* 7A
* Long March 8
* Long March 9
* Long March 11

Launch sites|

* Jiuquan
* Taiyuan
* Wenchang
* Xichang

Manufacturers|

* China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology
* Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology

Designers|

Wang Xiji

* List of Long March launches

* v
* t
* e

Chinese launch systems

Sounding rockets|

* T-7
* OS-XO

Orbital launch vehicles|

| Active|

* Hyperbola-1
* Jielong 1
* Kaituozhe 2
* Kuaizhou
* 1
* 1A
* Long March
* CZ-2C
* 2D
* 2F
* 3A
* 3B/E
* 3C
* 4B
* 4C
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 7A
* 11
* OS-M1
* Zhuque-1

|

In development|

* Hyperbola-2
* Kuaizhou
* 11
* 21
* 31
* Long March
* CZ-8
* 9
* New Line 1
* OS-M2
* OS-M4
* Zhuque-2

Retired|

* Feng Bao 1
* Kaituozhe-1
* Long March
* CZ-1
* 1D
* 2A
* 2E
* 3
* 3B
* 4A

* v
* t
* e

Orbital launch systems

* List of orbital launch systems
* Comparison of orbital launch systems

Current|

* Angara
* A5
* Antares 230+
* Ariane 5
* Atlas V
* Delta IV Heavy
* Electron
* Epsilon
* Falcon 9 Block 5
* Falcon Heavy
* GSLV
* Mk II
* Mk III
* H-IIA
* H-IIB
* Hyperbola-1
* Jielong 1
* Kuaizhou
* 1
* 1A
* Kaituozhe 2
* Long March
* 2C
* 2D
* 2F
* 3A
* 3B/E
* 3C
* 4B
* 4C
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 11
* Minotaur
* I
* IV
* V
* C
* OS-M1
* Pegasus XL
* Proton-M
* PSLV
* Safir
* Shavit
* Simorgh
* Soyuz-2
* 2.1a / STA
* 2.1b / STB
* 2-1v
* Unha
* Vega
* Zenit
* 3SL
* 3SLB
* 3F
* Zhuque-1

In development|

* Angara 1.2
* Ariane 6
* Bloostar
* Cyclone-4M
* Eris
* Firefly Alpha
* Beta
* H3
* Hyperbola-2
* Irtysh
* Kuaizhou
* 11
* 21
* 31
* LauncherOne
* Long March
* 8
* 9
* Miura 5
* New Glenn
* New Line 1
* Nuri
* OmegA
* OS-M2
* OS-M4
* Orbex Prime
* SLS
* Soyuz-7
* SSLV
* Starship
* Terran 1
* Vega C
* Vega E
* Vulcan
* Zero
* Zhuque-2

Retired|

* Antares 110/120/130/230
* Ariane
* 1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* ASLV
* Athena
* I
* II
* Atlas
* B
* D
* E/F
* G
* H
* I
* II
* III
* LV-3B
* SLV-3
* Able
* Agena
* Centaur
* Black Arrow
* Conestoga
* Delta
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* G
* J
* L
* M
* N
* 0100
* 1000
* 2000
* 3000
* 4000
* 5000
* II
* III
* IV
* Diamant
* Dnepr
* Energia
* Europa
* Falcon 1
* Falcon 9
* v1.0
* v1.1
* v1.2 "Full Thrust"
* Feng Bao 1
* GSLV
* Mk I
* H-I
* H-II
* Juno I
* Juno II
* Kaituozhe-1
* Kosmos
* 1
* 2I
* 3
* 3M
* Lambda 4S
* Long March
* 1
* 1D†
* 2A
* 2E
* 3
* 3B
* 4A
* Mu
* 4S 3C 3H 3S 3SII
* V
* N1†
* N-I
* N-II
* Naro-1
* Paektusan
* Pilot†
* R-7
* Luna
* Molniya
* M
* L
* Polyot
* Soyuz
* original
* FG
* L
* M
* U
* U2
* Soyuz/Vostok
* Sputnik
* Voskhod
* Vostok
* L
* K
* 2
* 2M
* R-29
* Shtil'
* Volna
* Saturn
* I
* IB
* V
* Scout
* SLV
* Space Shuttle
* SPARK†
* Sparta
* SS-520
* Start-1
* Thor
* Able
* Ablestar
* Agena
* Burner
* Delta
* DSV-2U
* Thorad-Agena
* Titan
* II GLV
* IIIA
* IIIB
* IIIC
* IIID
* IIIE
* 34D
* 23G
* CT-3
* IV
* Tsyklon
* 2
* 3
* 4
* UR (Proton)
* UR-500 (Proton)
* Proton-K
* Rokot
* Strela
* Vanguard
* VLS-1†
* Zenit
* 2
* 2M

Classes|

* Sounding rocket
* Small-lift launch vehicle
* Medium-lift launch vehicle
* Heavy-lift launch vehicle
* Super heavy-lift launch vehicle

* Symbol † indicates projects terminated before a successful orbital launch

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long March 2. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Engineering:Long_March_2&oldid=2901130"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template