Periodization of pre-Columbian Peru

This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (July 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

|

This is a chart of cultural periods of Peru and the Andean Region developed by Edward Lanning and used by some archaeologists studying the area. An alternative dating system was developed by Luis Lumbreras and provides different dates for some archaeological finds.

Most of the cultures of the Late Horizon and some of the cultures of the Late Intermediate joined the Inca Empire by 1493, but the period ends in 1532 because that marks the fall of the Inca empire after the Spanish conquest. Most of the cut-off years mark either an end of a severe drought or the beginning of one. These marked a shift of the most productive farming to or from the mountains, and tended to mark the end of one culture and the rise of another.

The more recent findings concerning the Norte Chico civilization are not included on this list, as it was compiled before the site at Caral was investigated in detail.

Period  | Dates  | Cultures

|
|

Lithic and Andean preceramic
Period I  | ? BC – 9500 BC  | Oquendo, Red Zone (central coast)
Period II  | 9500 BC – 8000 BC  | Chivateros I, Lauricocha I
Period III  | 8000 BC – 6000 BC  | Arenal, Chivateros II, Lauricocha I, Playa Chira, Puyenca, Toquepala I
Period IV  | 6000 BC – 4200 BC  | Ambo, Canario, Siches, Lauricocha II, Luz, Toquepala II
Period V  | 4200 BC – 2500 BC  | Honda, Lauricocha III, Viscachani, Sechin Bajo
Period VI (Cotton Pre-ceramic)  | 2500 BC – 1800 BC  | Norte Chico (Caral), Buena Vista, Casavilca, Culebras, Ventarron, Viscachani, Huaca Prieta, Las Haldas
Ceramic
Initial Period (Also called Formative Period)  | 1800 BC – 900 BC  | Early Chiripa, Kotosh culture, Cupisnique, Toríl (The Cumbe Mayo aqueduct was built c. 1000 BC), Las Haldas, Sechin Alto.
Early Horizon (Also called Formative Period)  | 900 BC – 200 BC  | Chavín, Late Chiripa, Paracas, Pechiche, Sechura, Chankillo
Early Intermediate |  200 BC – 600 AD  | Moche, Nazca, Recuay, Lima, Tiwanaku, Pechiche, Piura, Vicus, Huarpa
Middle Horizon | 600 AD – 1000 AD  | Wari, Tiwanaku (600-1150), Piura, Las Ánimas, Sican
Late Intermediate  | 1000 AD – 1476 AD  | Chimú, Cajamarca, Piura, Chancay, Chachapoya, Chincha, Chiribaya, Chucuito,
Huaman Huilca, Ilo, Qotu Qotu, Pacacocha, Palli Marca, Piura, Sican, Tajaraca, Huaylas, Conchucos, Huamachuco, Rucanas, Chanka, Wanka, Aymara nations (Qulla, Lupaca, Charca, Kana, Qanchi), Ayabaca, Bracamoros, Huancabambas, Tallan, Tumpis, Huarco, Coayllo, Ichma, Parinacota, Cuntis, Chinchaycochas, Huarochiri, Kheswas, Yaro, Atavillo, Cantas, Yauyos, Tarmas, Paltas, Camanas (peruvian culture)
Late Horizon | 1476 AD – 1534 AD  | Inca, Quispiguanca. Huchuy Qosqo.

## See also

* Ancient Peru
* Amazonas before the Inca Empire
* The Pre-Incan Lost Pyramid of Puñay

## References

* Edward P. Lanning, 1967 Peru Before the Incas. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., ISBN:0-13-661595-3

* v
* t
* e

Indigenous peoples of the Americas

Pre-history|

* Paleo-Indians
* Pre-Columbian era
* Classification
* Archaeology
* Genetics

Mythology/Religion|

* Mythologies of the indigenous peoples of the Americas‎
* List of deities
* Native American religion
* Great Spirit
* Medicine man
* Mesoamerican mythology
* Mesoamerican religion

European
colonization|

* European colonization
* Population history
* Columbian exchange

Modern groups
by country|

| North America|

* Canada
* Costa Rica
* Dominica
* El Salvador
* Greenland
* Jamaica
* Mexico
* Panama
* Trinidad and Tobago
* United States

|

South America|

* Argentina
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Chile
* Colombia
* Ecuador
* Guyana
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Suriname
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Related topics|

* Indigenous American studies
* Indigenous languages
* Indigenous movements
* Indigenous peoples of the North American Southwest
* Indigenous art
* Artists
* Writers

* Category
* Portal

* v
* t
* e

Pre-Columbian civilizations and cultures

Americas|

* Paleo-Indians
* Genetic history
* Archaeology of the Americas
* Indigenous peoples of the Americas

North America|

* North American pre-Columbian cultures
* Caddoan Mississippian
* Chichimeca
* Hopewell tradition
* Coles Creek
* Fremont
* Marksville
* Mississippian
* Mogollon
* Plaquemine
* Plum Bayou
* Poverty Point
* Troyville
* Weeden Island

Mesoamerica|

* Mesoamerican pre-Columbian chronology
* Capacha
* Chalcatzingo
* Cholula
* Coclé
* Epi-Olmec
* Huastec
* Izapa
* Mezcala
* Mixtec
* Olmec
* Pipil
* Quelepa
* Shaft tomb tradition
* Teuchitlan
* Purépecha
* Teotihuacan
* Tlatilco
* Tlaxcaltec
* Toltec
* Totonac
* Veracruz
* Xochipala
* Zapotec

South America|

* Andean civilizations
* South American Indigenous people
* El Abra
* Cañaris
* Chachapoya
* Chancay
* Chavín
* Chimú
* Chinchorro
* Cultural periods of Peru
* Hydraulic culture of mounds (Bolivia)
* Las Vegas
* Lima
* La Tolita (Tumaco)
* Manteño-Guancavilca
* Mapuche
* Moche
* Mollo
* Nariño
* Nazca
* Norte Chico
* Quimbaya
* San Agustín
* Shuar
* Sican
* Taíno
* Tairona
* Tiwanaku
* Tierradentro
* Valdivia
* Wankarani
* Wari
* Zenú

| | Aztec| Maya| Muisca| Inca

|
|
|
|

Language|  Nahuatl|  Mayan languages|  Muysccubun|  Quechua
Writing|  Script|  Script|  Numerals|  Quipu
Religion|  Religion|  Religion|  Religion|  Religion
Mythology|  Mythology|  Mythology|  Mythology|  Mythology
Calendar|  Calendar|  Calendar|  Calendar|
Society|  Society|  Society|  Economy (Women)|  Society
Infrastructure|  Chinampas|  Architecture|  Architecture
Agriculture|  Architecture (road system)
Agriculture
History|  History|  History|  History|  Inca history
Neo-Inca State
People|  Moctezuma I
Moctezuma II
Cuitláhuac
Cuauhtémoc
|  K'inich Janaab' Pakal
Uaxaclajuun Ub'aah K'awiil
Jasaw Chan K'awiil I|  Nemequene
Quemuenchatocha
Tisquesusa
Tundama
Zoratama|  Manco Cápac
Pachacuti
Atahualpa
Manco Inca Yupanqui
Túpac Amaru

Conquest|  Spanish conquest
(Hernán Cortés)|  Spanish conquest
Spanish conquest of Yucatán
(Francisco de Montejo)
Spanish conquest of Guatemala
(Pedro de Alvarado)|  Spanish conquest
(Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada)
(Hernán Pérez de Quesada)
(List of conquistadors)|  Spanish conquest
(Francisco Pizarro)

See also

* Aztecs
* Portal:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
* Portal:Mesoamerica
* Columbian exchange
* Mesoamerican writing systems
* Native American cuisine
* Native American pottery
* Population history of indigenous peoples of the Americas
* Pre‑Columbian art
* Painting in the Americas before European colonization

* v
* t
* e

History of the Americas

History|

* North America
* Mesoamerica
* Central America
* Caribbean
* Latin America
* South America
* Andean South America
* Genetics

Settlement|

* Indigenous peoples
* Indigenous population
* Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact theories
* Discovery
* Exploration
* European colonization
* Spanish colonization
* French colonization
* Portuguese colonization
* British colonization
* Columbian Exchange
* Decolonization

Societies|

* Paleo-Indians
* Pre-Columbian era
* Aztec
* Maya
* Muisca
* Inca

Related|

* Maps
* Culture
* Geography
* Indigenous languages
* Epidemics
* Slavery

Lists|

* Pre-Columbian cultures
* Indigenous peoples
* Oldest churches
* Population
* Conflicts
* North America
* South America

Chronology|

* Archaeology of the Americas
* North America by period
* North American timelines
* Mesoamerica by period
* Mesoamerica timeline

* Era: By period
* By region
* Three-age system
* Ancient history
* Pre-Columbian era
* Classical Antiquity
* Middle Ages
* Modern history
* Future

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodization of pre-Columbian Peru. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Social:Periodization_of_pre-Columbian_Peru&oldid=140579"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template