ICEYE

ICEYE is a Finland microsatellite manufacturer.[1][2] ICEYE was founded in 2014 as a spin-off of Aalto University's University Radio Technology Department, and is based in Espoo.[3]

## Contents

* 1 Milestones
* 2 Satellites
* 3 References
* 4 External links

## Milestones

The CEO and co-founder of ICEYE is Rafał Modrzewski.[2][1]

In 2015, ICEYE demonstrated that synthetic-aperture radar could be used to monitor hazardous ice features such as pack ice.[4]

In August 2017, ICEYE raised US$13 million in capital, including from the Finnish Funding Agency for Innovations.[2]

In 2019, the founders of ICEYE and Aalto staff involved were awarded the Finnish Engineering Award.[5][6] The achievement was called "a breakthrough in Finnish space technology" in the award citation.[7] The award is given annually by the Academic Engineers and Architects in Finland TEK, the main trade union and learned society for university graduates in Finland, and comes with a cash prize of 30,000 €.[5]

In October 2019, ICEYE started offering commercial access to its 1-metre resolution SAR-imagery, and operated 3 SAR satellites.[8]

## Satellites

On 12 January 2018, a PSLV-XL rocket on PSLV-C40 mission carried ICEYE-X1 (also known as ICEYE POC1, COSPAR 2018-004D; POC stands for "Proof Of Concept") into orbit from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre.[2] ICEYE-X1 was the first satellite (70 kg) under 100 kg to carry a synthetic-aperture radar, and was the first Finnish commercial satellite.[2][1][9]

The second satellite, ICEYE-X2 (also known as ICEYE POC2, COSPAR 2018-099AU) was launched into orbit on 3 December 2018, at 18:34 UTC by a SpaceX Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket. The launch took place from the Vandenberg Air Force Base , SLC-4E.[10]

The third ICEYE X payload was launched on 5 May 2019 on an Electron rocket from Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1, in New Zealand. The payload, called ICEYE-X3, was integrated into the Harbinger satellite (the satellite is also known as ICEYE X3, ICEYE POC3, COSPAR 2019-026E), a proof-of-concept prototype for a York Space Systems' S-class satellite bus. The Harbinger was launched on its demonstration mission, and the payloads integrated into the satellite included the ICEYE X3, BridgeSat's optical communications payload and Enpulsion of Austria's Field Emission Electric Propulsion system. The launch was conducted as the STP-27RD mission of the Space Test Program (STP) of the United States Army Space and Missile Defense Command, who sponsored the launch. The ICEYE-X3 radar payload had communications issues related to bus communications. These were reportedly solved.[11]

The fourth and fifth satellite, ICEYE-X4 (ICEYE POC4, COSPAR 2019-038D) and ICEYE-X5 (ICEYE POC5, COSPAR 2019-038C) were launched on 5 July 2019 by a Soyuz-2-1b rocket from Vostochny Cosmodrome Site 1S.[12]

Next launch occurred on September 28, 2020 with Soyuz-2-1v from Plesetsk. This put ICEYE-X6 and ICEYE-X7 satellites into orbit.[13] On 24 January 2021 three new satellites (ICEYE-X8, ICEYE-X9 and ICEYE-X10) were launched from Cape Canaveral SLC40 as part of record setting Falcon 9 Flight 106 (i.e. Transporter-1 mission).[14][15][16]

ICEYE is attempting to develop a satellite constellation of 18 microsatellites equipped with synthetic-aperture radars in collaboration with the European Space Agency (ESA).[17] ICEYE uses commercially available off-the-shelf components as much as possible, despite increased risk of hardware failure.[1]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Amos, Jonathan (January 12, 2018). "Finnish start-up ICEYE's radical space radar solution". BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-42648391.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "Space startup ICEYE just launched Finland's first-ever commercial satellite into orbit". January 12, 2018. https://nordic.businessinsider.com/finnish-startup-iceye-just-launched-worlds-first-sar-microsatellite-into-orbit--/.
3. ↑ ICEYE (March 3, 2016). "ICEYE: ARCTIC PASSION". Aker Arctic. p. 2. http://akerarctic.fi/sites/default/files/page/fields/field_attachments/10_iceye_presentation_arctic_passions.pdf.
4. ↑ Laurila, Pekka; Modrzewski, Rafal; Cheng, Tao; Campbell, Brad; Yanni, Victor Garas (2016). Validation of ICEYE Small Satellite SAR Design for Ice Detection and Imaging. doi:10.4043/27447-MS. https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/OTC-27447-MS.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "The Finnish Engineering Award". November 9, 2015. https://www.tek.fi/en/technology-future/finnish-engineering-award.
6. ↑ "Suomalainen insinöörityöpalkinto avaruuden valloittajille". https://lehti.tek.fi/tekniikka/suomalainen-insinoorityopalkinto-avaruuden-valloittajille.
7. ↑ Törmänen, Eeva. "Suomalainen insinöörityöpalkinto avaruustekniikalle: Kaikki alkoi, kun kesällä 2009 opiskelijoille piti saada tekemistä – "Siitä se lähti"". https://www.tekniikkatalous.fi/uutiset/suomalainen-insinoorityopalkinto-avaruustekniikalle-kaikki-alkoi-kun-kesalla-2009-opiskelijoille-piti-saada-tekemista-siita-se-lahti/8c237090-81ed-4e5d-9cdc-0ec3553fe10c.
8. ↑ "ICEYE's one-meter Spotlight becomes commercially available". October 16, 2019. https://spacenews.com/iceye-spotlight-commercial-offer/.
9. ↑ "ICEYE X1". https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/iceye-x1.htm.
10. ↑ "ICEYE X2". https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/iceye-x2.htm.
11. ↑ "Harbinger (ICEYE X3)". https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/harbinger.htm.
12. ↑ "ICEYE X4, X5". https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/iceye-x4.htm.
13. ↑ "Avaruusesineiden rekisteri / Register över rymdföremål / Registry of Space Objects (of Finland)" (in fi,sv,en). The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, tem.fi. 2020-11-26. https://tem.fi/documents/1410877/3227301/Registry+of+Space+Objects+Finland/49294499-bc8a-4e17-bf56-7f83a95bffb4/Registry+of+Space+Objects+Finland.pdf.
14. ↑ "Smallsat Rideshare Missions : Dedicated Missions - January 24, 2021: SpaceX Transporter-1 (143 satellites), SSO". 2021-01-24. https://www.elonx.net/spacex-smallsat-rideshare-missions/.
15. ↑ "ICEYE Establishes World's Top-Performing Persistent Monitoring Satellite Capabilities with Three New SAR Spacecraft Successfully Launched". 2021-01-25. https://www.iceye.com/press/press-releases/iceye-establishes-worlds-top-performing-persistent-monitoring-satellite-capabilities-with-three-new-sar-spacecraft-successfully-launched.
16. ↑ "Forums - SpaceX Vehicles and Missions - SpaceX Missions Section - SpaceX F9 : Starlink v1.0 L16 : KSC LC-39A : 20 Jan 2021 (1302 UTC)". https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=52324.0.
17. ↑ European Space Agency teams with ICEYE Finnish start-up. BBC News 26 March 2018.

## External links

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