Meteoroid

A meteoroid (/ˈmiːtiərɔɪd/ MEE-tee-ə-royd)[1] is a small body in outer space. Meteoroids are distinguished as objects significantly smaller than asteroids, ranging in size from grains to objects up to one meter (3.28 feet) wide.[2] Objects smaller than meteoroids are classified as micrometeoroids or space dust.[2][3][4] Many are fragments from comets or asteroids, whereas others are collision impact debris ejected from bodies such as the Moon or Mars.[5][6][7]

The visible passage of a meteoroid, comet, or asteroid entering Earth's atmosphere is called a meteor, and a series of many meteors appearing seconds or minutes apart and appearing to originate from the same fixed point in the sky is called a meteor shower.

An estimated 25 million meteoroids, micrometeoroids and other space debris enter Earth's atmosphere each day,[8] which results in an estimated 15,000 tonnes (16,535 short tons) of that material entering the atmosphere each year.[9] A meteorite is the remains of a meteoroid that has survived the ablation of its surface material during its passage through the atmosphere as a meteor and has impacted the ground.

## Contents

* 1 Meteoroids
* 1.1 Composition
* 1.2 In the Solar System
* 1.3 Collision with Earth's atmosphere
* 2 Frequency
* 3 Meteorites
* 3.1 Impact craters
* 3.2 Gallery of meteorites
* 4 See also
* 4.1 Relating to meteoroids
* 4.2 Relating to meteorites
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## Meteoroids

See also: Astronomy:Micrometeoroid

Meteoroid embedded in aerogel; the meteoroid is 10 μm in diameter and its track is 1.5 mm long 2008 TC3 meteorite fragments found on February 28, 2009, in the Nubian Desert, Sudan

In 1961, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) defined a meteoroid as "a solid object moving in interplanetary space, of a size considerably smaller than an asteroid and considerably larger than an atom".[10][11] In 1995, Beech and Steel, writing in the Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, proposed a new definition where a meteoroid would be between 100 μm and 10 meters across.[12] In 2010, following the discovery of asteroids below 10 m in size, Rubin and Grossman proposed a revision of the previous definition of meteoroid to objects between 10 μm and one meter in diameter in order to maintain the distinction.[2] According to Rubin and Grossman, the minimum size of an asteroid is given by what can be discovered from Earth-bound telescopes, so the distinction between meteoroid and asteroid is fuzzy. Some of the smallest asteroids discovered (based on absolute magnitude H) are 2008 TS26 with H = 33.2[13] and 2011 CQ1 with H = 32.1[14] both with an estimated size of one meter.[15] In April 2017, the IAU adopted an official revision of its definition, limiting size to between 30 μm (0.0012 in) and one meter in diameter, but allowing for a deviation for any object causing a meteor.[16]

Objects smaller than meteoroids are classified as micrometeoroids and interplanetary dust. The Minor Planet Center does not use the term "meteoroid".

### Composition

Almost all meteoroids contain extraterrestrial nickel and iron. They have three main classifications: iron, stone, and stony-iron. Some stone meteoroids contain grain-like inclusions known as chondrules and are called chondrites. Stony meteoroids without these features are called "achondrites", which are typically formed from extraterrestrial igneous activity; they contain little or no extraterrestrial iron.[17] The composition of meteoroids can be inferred as they pass through Earth's atmosphere from their trajectories and the light spectra of the resulting meteor. Their effects on radio signals also give information, especially useful for daytime meteors, which are otherwise very difficult to observe. From these trajectory measurements, meteoroids have been found to have many different orbits, some clustering in streams (see meteor showers) often associated with a parent comet, others apparently sporadic. Debris from meteoroid streams may eventually be scattered into other orbits. The light spectra, combined with trajectory and light curve measurements, have yielded various compositions and densities, ranging from fragile snowball-like objects with density about a quarter that of ice,[18] to nickel-iron rich dense rocks. The study of meteorites also gives insights into the composition of non-ephemeral meteoroids.

### In the Solar System

Most meteoroids come from the asteroid belt, having been perturbed by the gravitational influences of planets, but others are particles from comets, giving rise to meteor showers. Some meteoroids are fragments from bodies such as Mars or the Moon, that have been thrown into space by an impact.

Meteoroids travel around the Sun in a variety of orbits and at various velocities. The fastest move at about 42 km/s through space in the vicinity of Earth's orbit. This is escape velocity from the Sun, equal to the square root of two times Earth's speed, and is the upper speed limit of objects in the vicinity of Earth, unless they come from interstellar space. Earth travels at about 29.6 km/s, so when meteoroids meet the atmosphere head-on (which only occurs when meteors are in a retrograde orbit such as the Leonids, which are associated with the retrograde comet 55P/Tempel–Tuttle) the combined speed may reach about 71 km/s (see Specific energy). Meteoroids moving through Earth's orbital space average about 20 km/s,[19] but due to Earth's gravity meteors such as the Phoenicids can make atmospheric entry at as slow as about 11 km/s.

On January 17, 2013, at 05:21 PST, a one meter comet from the Oort cloud entered Earth atmosphere over California and Nevada.[20] The object had a retrograde orbit with perihelion at 0.98 ± 0.03 AU. It approached from the direction of the constellation Virgo (which was in the south about 50° above the horizon at the time), and collided head-on with Earth's atmosphere at 72 ± 6 km/s[20] vaporising more than 100 km above ground over a period of several seconds.

### Collision with Earth's atmosphere

Main article: Astronomy:Meteor

Animated illustration of different phases as a meteoroid enters the Earth's atmosphere to become visible as a meteor and land as a meteorite

When meteoroids intersect with Earth's atmosphere at night, they are likely to become visible as meteors. If meteoroids survive the entry through the atmosphere and reach Earth's surface, they are called meteorites. Meteorites are transformed in structure and chemistry by the heat of entry and force of impact. A noted 4-meter (13 ft) asteroid, 2008 TC3, was observed in space on a collision course with Earth on 6 October 2008 and entered Earth's atmosphere the next day, striking a remote area of northern Sudan. It was the first time that a meteoroid had been observed in space and tracked prior to impacting Earth.[10] NASA has produced a map showing the most notable asteroid collisions with Earth and its atmosphere from 1994 to 2013 from data gathered by U.S. government sensors.[21]

## Frequency

The diameter of the largest impactor to hit Earth on any given day is likely to be about 40 cm (1 ft 4 in), in a given year about 4 m (13 ft), and in a given century about 20 m (66 ft). Around 35 to 40 objects with diameter of 1 meter (3 feet) and more enter atmosphere annually, that is around one per 10 days.[22][23][24][25]

The number of impacts per year N involving objects of diameter ≥D, is calculated using a formula:

log⁡N=a−b×log⁡D

where:

a = 1.568 ± 0.03

b = 2.70 ± 0.08

D is diameter of object in meters[22]

## Meteorites

Main article: Astronomy:Meteorite

Murnpeowie meteorite, an iron meteorite with regmaglypts resembling thumbprints (Australia, 1910)

A meteorite is a portion of a meteoroid or asteroid that survives its passage through the atmosphere and hits the ground without being destroyed.[26] Meteorites are sometimes, but not always, found in association with hypervelocity impact craters; during energetic collisions, the entire impactor may be vaporized, leaving no meteorites. Geologists use the term "bolide" in a different sense from astronomers to indicate a very large impactor. For example, the USGS uses the term to mean a generic large crater-forming projectile in a manner "to imply that we do not know the precise nature of the impacting body ... whether it is a rocky or metallic asteroid, or an icy comet for example".[27]

Meteoroids also hit other bodies in the Solar System. On such stony bodies as the Moon or Mars that have little or no atmosphere, they leave enduring craters.

### Impact craters

Main article: Astronomy:Impact crater

Meteoroid collisions with solid Solar System objects, including the Moon, Mercury, Callisto, Ganymede, and most small moons and asteroids, create impact craters, which are the dominant geographic features of many of those objects. On other planets and moons with active surface geological processes, such as Earth, Venus, Mars, Europa, Io, and Titan, visible impact craters may become eroded, buried, or transformed by tectonics over time. In early literature, before the significance of impact cratering was widely recognised, the terms cryptoexplosion or cryptovolcanic structure were often used to describe what are now recognised as impact-related features on Earth.[28] Molten terrestrial material ejected from a meteorite impact crater can cool and solidify into an object known as a tektite. These are often mistaken for meteorites. Terrestrial rock, sometimes with pieces of the original meteorite, created or modified by an impact of a meteorite is called impactite.

### Gallery of meteorites

* Two tektites, molten terrestrial ejecta from a meteorite impact

* A partial slice of the Esquel pallasite

* Willamette Meteorite, from Oregon, US

* Meteorite, which fell in Wisconsin in 1868

* Marília Meteorite, a chondrite H4, which fell in Marília, Brazil (1971)

* Children posing behind a replica of the Tucson Meteorite at the Arizona Museum of Natural History[29]

* Meteorite with brecciation and carbon inclusions from Tindouf, Algeria[30]

## See also

* Glossary of meteoritics

### Relating to meteoroids

* Interplanetary dust
* Micrometeoroid
* Near-Earth object

### Relating to meteorites

* Baetyl – Sacred stones possibly originating as meteorites
* Impact crater
* Impact event
* Interplanetary dust cloud § Collecting interplanetary dust on Earth
* Meteorite
* Micrometeorite
* Tektite

## References

1. ↑ "meteoroid". Cambridge English Dictionary. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/meteoroid.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Rubin, Alan E.; Grossman, Jeffrey N. (January 2010). "Meteorite and meteoroid: New comprehensive definitions". Meteoritics & Planetary Science 45 (1): 114–122. doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.01009.x. Bibcode: 2010M&PS...45..114R. )
3. ↑ Atkinson, Nancy (2 June 2015). "What is the difference between asteroids and meteorites". Universe Today. https://www.universetoday.com/36398/what-is-the-difference-between-asteroids-and-meteorites/.
4. ↑ "meteoroids". The Free Dictionary. https://www.thefreedictionary.com/meteoroid.
5. ↑ "Meteoroid". National Geographic. 28 May 2010. http://education.nationalgeographic.co.uk/encyclopedia/meteoroid/.
6. ↑ "Meteors & Meteorites". NASA. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Meteors&Display=OverviewLong.
7. ↑ "Asteroid Fast Facts". NASA. 31 March 2014. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/asteroids/overview/fastfacts.html.
8. ↑ Lidz, Franz (2019-01-09). "The Oldest Material in the Smithsonian Institution Came From Outer Space". Smithsonian. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/oldest-material-smithsonian-institution-came-outer-space-180971017/.
9. ↑ Gary, Stuart (2011-12-22). "Survey finds not all meteors the same". ABC Science. ABC.
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Glossary International Meteor Organization". International Meteor Organization (IMO). https://www.imo.net/glossary#letterm.
11. ↑ Millman, Peter M. (1961). "A report on meteor terminology". Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 55: 265–267. Bibcode: 1961JRASC..55..265M.
12. ↑ Beech, Martin; Steel, Duncan (September 1995). "On the Definition of the Term Meteoroid". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 36 (3): 281–284. Bibcode: 1995QJRAS..36..281B. )
13. ↑ "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: H > 29 (mag)". JPL Solar System Dynamics. http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb_query.cgi?obj_group=all;obj_kind=all;obj_numbered=all;OBJ_field=0;ORB_field=0;c1_group=OBJ;c1_item=Ai;c1_op=>;c1_value=29;table_format=HTML;max_rows=100;format_option=comp;c_fields=AcBhBgBjBiBnBsCkCqAi;.cgifields=format_option;.cgifields=ast_orbit_class;.cgifields=table_format;.cgifields=obj_kind;.cgifields=obj_group;.cgifields=obj_numbered;.cgifields=com_orbit_class&query=1&c_sort=AiD.
14. ↑ "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2011 CQ1)". http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2011CQ1;cad=1#cad.
15. ↑ Yeomans, Donald K.; Chodas, Paul; Chesley, Steve (November 9, 2009). "Small Asteroid 2009 VA Whizzes By the Earth". NASA's Near Earth Object Program Office. https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news166.html.
16. ↑ Vincent Perlerin (September 26, 2017). "Definitions of terms in meteor astronomy (IAU)". News (International Meteor Organization). https://www.imo.net/definitions-of-terms-in-meteor-astronomy-iau/.
17. ↑ Notkin, Geoffrey. "Meteorite types and classification". Meteorwritings. Geology.com. https://geology.com/meteorites/meteorite-types-and-classification.shtml.
18. ↑ Povenmire, Harold (2000). "Physical Dynamics of the Upsilon Pegasid Fireball – European Network 190882A". Lunar and Planetary Science Conference: 1183. Bibcode: 2000LPI....31.1183P. https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2000/pdf/1183.pdf.
19. ↑ Interagency Group (Space) Working Group on Orbital Debris (February 1989). Report on Orbital Debris. p. 1. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19900003319. Retrieved 2023-05-31.
20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Jenniskens, Peter. "2013 January 17 Sierra Nevada fireball". SETI Institute. http://cams.seti.org/index-archive3.html. | "Earth Collides Head-On with Small Comet". SETI Institute. http://www.seti.org/seti-institute/news/earth-collides-with-comet.
21. ↑ "New Map Shows Frequency of Small Asteroid Impacts, Provides Clues on Larger Asteroid Population". https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/new-map-shows-frequency-of-small-asteroid-impacts-provides-clues-on-larger-asteroid-population/.
22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Brown, P.; Spalding, R. E.; ReVelle, D. O.; Tagliaferri, E.; Worden, S. P. (November 2002). "The flux of small near-Earth objects colliding with the Earth" (in en). Nature 420 (6913): 294–296. doi:10.1038/nature01238. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 12447433. Bibcode: 2002Natur.420..294B. https://www.nature.com/articles/nature01238.
23. ↑ Devillepoix, H A R; Bland, P A; Sansom, E K; Towner, M C; Cupák, M; Howie, R M; Hartig, B A D; Jansen-Sturgeon, T et al. (2019-03-11). "Observation of metre-scale impactors by the Desert Fireball Network" (in en). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 483 (4): 5166–5178. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3442. ISSN 0035-8711. https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/483/4/5166/5256650.
24. ↑ Frazer, Michael; Devillepoix, Hadrien; Deam, Sophie (2026-02-06), Simulated LSST Observations of Real Metre-scale Impactors, http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.06314, retrieved 2026-04-29
25. ↑ Flux of meteorites to the Earth, January 2006, M. Zolensky, P. A. Bland, P. Brown, I. A. Halliday
26. ↑ The Oxford Illustrated Dictionary. 1976. Second Edition. Oxford University Press. p. 533
27. ↑ "What is a Bolide?". woodshole.er.usgs.gov. https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/epubs/bolide/introduction.html.
28. ↑ French, Bevan M. (1998). "Traces of Catastrophe: A Handbook of Shock-Metamorphic Effects in Terrestrial Meteorite Impact Structures". Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. p. 97. http://www.lpi.usra.edu/publications/books/CB-954/CB-954.intro.html.
29. ↑ "Arizona Through Time". https://www.arizonamuseumofnaturalhistory.org/explore-the-museum/exhibitions/arizona-through-time.
30. ↑ "Northwest Africa 869". Meteoritical Bulletin Database. The Meteoritical Society. http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/metbull.php?code=31890.

## External links

| Wikimedia Commons has media related to Meteor.

|

* A History of Meteors and Other Atmospheric Phenomena[Usurped!]
* American Meteor Society
* British Astronomical Society meteor page
* International Meteor Organization
* Live Meteor Scanner
* Meteoroids Page at NASA's Solar System Exploration
* Meteor shower predictions
* Meteor Showers and Viewing Tips
* Society for Popular Astronomy – Meteor Section
* Minor Planet Center: Asteroid Hazards, Part 2: The Challenge of Detection on YouTube (min. 7:14)
* Earth Impact Effects Program Estimates crater size and other effects of a specified body colliding with Earth.

* v
* t
* e

Small Solar System bodies

Minor planets|

* Designation
* Groups
* List
* Moon
* Meanings of names

Asteroid|

* Aten asteroid
* Asteroid belt
* Family
* Jupiter trojan
* Near-Earth
* Spectral types

Distant minor planet|

* Centaur
* Damocloid
* Neptune trojan
* Trans-Neptunian object
* Detached
* Kuiper belt
* Oort cloud
* Scattered disc

Comets|

* Extinct
* Great
* Halley-type
* Hyperbolic
* Long-period
* Lost
* Main-belt
* Near-parabolic
* Periodic
* Sungrazing

Other|

* Meteoroids

* v
* t
* e

Meteorites and meteoritics

Meteorite...|

* Glossary
* Fall
* bolide
* impactite
* statistics
* strewn field
* Find
* hunting
* Largest
* Micrometeorite
* Notable
* Parent body

Classification|

| By type, class,
clan, group
and grouplet|

| Chondrite|

* Carbonaceous
* CB
* CH
* CI
* CK
* CM
* CO
* CR
* CV
* C ungrouped
* Enstatite
* EH
* EL
* Kakangari
* Ordinary
* H
* L
* LL
* Rumuruti

|

Achondrite|

| Primitive|

* Acapulcoite
* Brachinite
* IAB
* IIICD
* Lodranite
* Ureilite
* Winonaite

|

Asteroidal|

* Angrite
* Aubrite
* HED
* Diogenite
* Eucrite
* Howardite

Lunar|

* Impact breccia
* Mare basalts
* List

Martian|

* Balsaltic Breccia
* NWA 7034
* Chassignites
* Kaidun
* Nakhlites
* Orthopyroxenite
* ALH84001
* Shergottites
* Martian meteorites list
* Meteorites on Mars list

Iron|

* IC
* IIAB
* IIC
* IID
* IIE
* IIG
* IIIAB
* IIIE
* IIIF
* IVA
* IVB

Stony-iron|

* Mesosiderite
* Pallasite
* Main group
* Eagle Station
* Pyroxene

Structural|

* Ataxite
* Hexahedrite
* Octahedrite

Obsolete terms|

* Amphoterite
* Nonmagmatic meteorite

Mineralogy and
petrology|

* Characteristics
* shock
* TKW
* weathering
* Grains
* chondrule
* presolar
* Minerals
* Ca–Al-rich inclusion
* extraterrestrial materials
* meteoric iron
* Patterns
* Neumann lines
* Widmanstätten
* CI1 fossils

Lists|

* Meteorites by
* find location
* name
* type
* Awards
* Journals
* Organizations

* See also: Asteroid
* Atmospheric entry
* Comet
* Impact event
* Meteor
* shower
* Meteoroid
* Near-Earth object

* v
* t
* e

Modern impact events

On Earth|

| Pre-2000|

* 1490 Ch'ing-yang
* 1783 Great Meteor
* 1860 Great Meteor
* 1896 Madrid Meteor
* 1908 Tunguska
* 1913 Great Meteor Procession
* 1930 Curuçá River
* 1938 Chicora meteor
* 1947 Sikhote-Alin meteorite
* 1969 Murchison meteorite
* 1972 Great Daylight Fireball
* 1990 Earth-grazing meteoroid

|

Post-2000|

* 2002 Eastern Mediterranean
* 2002 Vitim
* 2007 Carancas
* 2008 TC3 impact
* 2008 Buzzard Coulee meteorite
* 2009 Sulawesi superbolide
* 2012 Sutter's Mill meteorite
* 2012 UK meteoroid
* 2012 Novato meteorite
* 2013 Chelyabinsk meteor
* Chelyabinsk meteorite
* 2014 AA impact
* 2014 Ontario fireball
* 2015 Kerala meteorite
* 2015 Thailand bolide
* WT1190F impact
* 2017 China bolide
* 2018 LA impact
* 2018 Kamchatka meteor
* 2019 MO impact

On Jupiter|

* 1994 Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9
* 2009 Jupiter impact
* 2010 Jupiter impact

Lists|

* Asteroid close approaches to Earth
* Comets
* Bolides
* Meteor air bursts
* Meteorite falls
* Minor planets
* crossing Earth's orbit

See also|

* Asteroid impact prediction
* Asteroid impact avoidance
* Bolide
* Earth-grazing fireball
* Meteor procession
* Meteor shower
* Meteorite
* Meteoroid
* Near-Earth object
* Potentially hazardous object

* v
* t
* e

Planetary defense

Main topics|

* Asteroid
* Bolide
* Earth-grazing fireball
* Impact event
* List of meteor air bursts
* Meteor procession
* Meteor shower
* Meteorite
* Meteoroid
* Near-Earth object
* Potentially hazardous object

Defense|

* Asteroid impact avoidance
* Asteroid laser ablation
* Gravity tractor
* Ion-beam shepherd
* Asteroid close approaches
* Earth-crossing minor planets
* Damage scales
* Palermo scale
* Torino scale

Space probes|

* Dawn
* Deep Impact
* AIDA
* Hera
* DART
* Halley Armada
* Hayabusa
* Hayabusa2
* MASCOT
* NEAR Shoemaker
* NEA Scout
* New Horizons
* OSIRIS-REx
* PROCYON
* Rosetta
* Philae
* Stardust

NEO tracking|

* ATLAS
* Catalina Sky Survey
* LINEAR
* LONEOS
* NEAT
* NEOSSat
* NEOCam
* NEODyS
* OGS Telescope
* Orbit@home
* Pan-STARRS
* SCAP
* Sentinel Space Telescope
* Sentry
* Spacewatch
* WISE

Organizations|

* B612 Foundation
* Japan Spaceguard Association
* Meteoritical Society
* NEOShield
* Spaceguard
* The Spaceguard Foundation
* Space Situational Awareness Programme
* Planetary Defense Coordination Office

Potential threats|

* 1950 DA
* 1994 WR12
* 101955 Bennu
* 2002 MN
* (410777) 2009 FD
* 2010 RF12
* 99942 Apophis

Films / video|

* The End of the World (1916)
* When Worlds Collide (1951)
* Gorath (1962)
* The Green Slime (1968)
* The Paradise Syndrome (1968)
* A Fire in the Sky (1978)
* Meteor (1979)
* NOVA: Doomsday Asteroid (1995)
* Asteroid (1997)
* Deep Impact (1998)
* Armageddon (1998)
* Judgment Day (1999)
* Post Impact (2004)
* Deadly Skies (2006)
* Super Comet: After the Impact (2007)
* Impact (2009)
* NOVA: Last Extinction (2009)
* Meteor Storm (2010)
* HORIZON: Asteroids–The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (2010)
* Melancholia (2011)
* NOVA: Meteor Strike (2013)
* NOVA: Asteroid: Doomsday or Payday? (2013)
* Impact Earth (2015)
* Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015)

* v
* t
* e

Solar System

* Sun
* Mercury
* Venus
* Earth
* Mars
* Ceres
* Jupiter
* Saturn
* Uranus
* Neptune
* Pluto
* Haumea
* Makemake
* Eris

| Planets|

* Terrestrial planets
* Mercury
* Venus
* Earth
* Mars

* Giant planets
* Jupiter
* Saturn
* Uranus
* Neptune

* Dwarf planets
* Ceres
* Pluto
* Haumea
* Makemake
* Eris

|

Rings|

* Jovian
* Saturnian (Rhean)
* Charikloan
* Chironean
* Uranian
* Neptunian
* Haumean

Moons|

* Terrestrial
* Moon
* other near-Earth objects
* Martian
* Phobos
* Deimos
* Jovian
* Ganymede
* Callisto
* Io
* Europa
* all 79
* Saturnian
* Titan
* Rhea
* Iapetus
* Dione
* Tethys
* Enceladus
* Mimas
* Hyperion
* Phoebe
* all 82
* Uranian
* Titania
* Oberon
* Umbriel
* Ariel
* Miranda
* all 27
* Neptunian
* Triton
* Proteus
* Nereid
* all 14
* Plutonian
* Charon
* Nix
* Hydra
* Kerberos
* Styx
* Eridian
* Dysnomia
* Haumean
* Hiʻiaka
* Namaka
* Makemakean
* S/2015 (136472) 1

Exploration
(outline)|

* Colonization
* Discovery
* astronomy
* historical models
* timeline
* Human spaceflight
* space stations
* list
* Space probes
* timeline
* list

* Mercury
* Venus
* Moon
* mining
* Mars
* Ceres
* Asteroids
* mining
* Comets
* Jupiter
* Saturn
* Uranus
* Neptune
* Pluto
* Deep space

Hypothetical
objects|

* Fifth giant
* Nemesis
* Phaeton
* Planet Nine
* Planet V
* Planet X
* Theia
* Tyche
* Vulcan
* Vulcanoids
* Subsatellites

Lists|

* Comets
* Dwarf planets (possible)
* Gravitationally rounded objects
* Minor planets
* names
* Natural satellites
* Solar System models
* Solar System objects
* by size
* by discovery date

| Small Solar
System bodies|

* Comets
* Damocloids
* Meteoroids
* Minor planets
* moons
* Planetesimal

* Mercury-crossers
* Venus-crossers
* Venus trojans
* Near-Earth objects
* Earth-crossers
* Earth trojans
* Mars-crossers
* Mars trojans

* Asteroid belt
* Asteroids
* Ceres
* Pallas
* Juno
* Vesta
* first 1000
* families
* exceptional
* Kirkwood gap
* Main-belt comets

* Jupiter-crossers
* Jupiter trojans
* Centaurs
* Saturn-crossers
* Uranus-crossers
* Uranus trojans
* Neptune-crossers
* Neptune trojans
* Cis-Neptunian objects
* Trans-Neptunian objects

* Plutoids
* Kuiper belt
* Cubewanos
* Plutinos
* Detached objects
* Hills cloud
* Oort cloud
* Scattered disc
* Sednoids

|

Formation
and evolution|

* Accretion
* Accretion disk
* Asteroid belt
* Circumplanetary disk
* Circumstellar disc
* Circumstellar envelope
* Cosmic dust
* Debris disk
* Detached object
* Disrupted planet
* Excretion disk
* Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer
* Exozodiacal dust
* Extraterrestrial materials
* Extraterrestrial sample curation
* Giant-impact hypothesis
* Gravitational collapse
* Hills cloud
* Interplanetary dust cloud
* Interplanetary medium
* Interplanetary space
* Interstellar cloud
* Interstellar dust
* Interstellar medium
* Interstellar space
* Kuiper belt
* List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules
* Merging stars
* Molecular cloud
* Nebular hypothesis
* Oort cloud
* Outer space
* Planetary migration
* Planetary system
* Planetesimal
* Planet formation
* Protoplanetary disk
* Ring system
* Rubble pile
* Sample-return mission
* Scattered disc
* Star formation

* Outline of the Solar System
*   *   *

Solar System → Local Interstellar Cloud → Local Bubble → Gould Belt → Orion Arm → Milky Way → Milky Way subgroup → Local Group → Local Sheet → Virgo Supercluster → Laniakea Supercluster → Observable universe → Universe
Each arrow (→) may be read as "within" or "part of".

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteoroid. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Astronomy:Meteoroid&oldid=4387761"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template