Ladino

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Ladino, also called Sephardic, is a Romance language, originating among jewish people living in moorish Spain.[1]

## History[edit]

It diverged from the Spanish language the same way the Yiddish language diverged from the German language.[1] Jewish people lived relatively isolated from their neighbors, isolated enough for the languages to diverge.

The moors had conquered Spain by 711.[2] Charles Martel stopped Muslim expansion into what is now France at the Battle or Tours, in 713. During the next 700 years small Christian kingdoms very slowly conquered bits of moorish Spain.

Spain's muslim rulers had been relatively tolerant of jewish people.[2] The new Christian rulers weren't tolerant of either muslims or jews. The Spanish inquisition put great pressure on muslims and jews to either convert to Christianity, or pretend to convert to Christianity, while practicing their real religion in secret, or to leave. Jewish people fleeing the Spanish inquisition spread Ladino across North Africa.

## References[edit]

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 David M. Bunis. Judezmo/Ladino/Judeo-Spanish, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Retrieved on 2022-08-18. “In medieval Christian דרפס/ Sĕfarad or Iberia, Jews primarily used Hebrew when writing for Jews literate in that language, and their local everyday variety of Ibero-Romance when writing for other Jews.”
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Jakub de Chyży (2019). Sephardim and their language: Judeo-Spanish or Ladino?. Touro University College, Freie Universitat. Archived from the original on 2022-06-18. Retrieved on 2022-08-18. “However glorious and tragic often at the same time the history of Spain was, what must be remembered is that Spain was the only place in the Western world where the three cultures the Christian, the Muslim and the Jewish coexisted in harmony and prosperity. This period called in Spanish la convivencia, the Coexistence, begun after the Muslim invasion in 711 and lasted for seven centuries. The Sephardic culture reached its full flourishing under Islam, enjoying a period of splendour. The Christian Reconquest of Spain though, during the twelfth century, brought them gradually back under Christian rule. The Coexistence sadly came to an end in the same year, when Columbus sailed to China and ended up in the Caribbean.” doi = https://doi.org/10.25312/2391-5137.13/2019_01jdc mirror