Psalter Pahlavi

Short description: Abjad which was used for writing Middle Persian on paper

For the translated document this writing system is named after, see Pahlavi Psalter.

Psalter Pahlavi

Sample of text taken from the Cross of Herat

Type|

Abjad

Languages| Middle Persian

Time period

| Mid-6th to 7th century CE

Parent systems

Aramaic alphabet

* Pahlavi scripts
* Psalter Pahlavi

Direction| Right-to-left
ISO 15924| `Phlp, 132`

Unicode alias

| Psalter Pahlavi

Unicode range

| U+10B80-U+10BAF
| You may need rendering support to display the uncommon Unicode characters in this page correctly.

|

Psalter Pahlavi is a cursive abjad that was used for writing Middle Persian on paper; it is thus described as one of the Pahlavi scripts.[1] It was written right to left, usually with spaces between words.[1]

It takes its name from the Pahlavi Psalter, part of the Psalms translated from Syriac to Middle Persian and found in what is now western China.[2]

## Contents

* 1 Letters
* 2 Punctuation
* 3 Numbers
* 4 Unicode block
* 5 Notes
* 6 References

## Letters

Letters (Isolated Form)  Name[lower-alpha 1] | Image | Text | IPA[3] | Transliteration

|
|
|
|

Aleph  | 28px  | 𐮀 | /a/, /aː/  | ʾ
Beth  | 26px  | 𐮁 | /b/, /w/  | b
Gimel  | 30px  | 𐮂 | /g/, /j/  | g
Daleth  | 26px  | 𐮃 | /d/, /j/  | d
He  | 32px  | 𐮄 | /h/  | h
Waw-Ayin-Resh  | 32px  | 𐮅 | /w/, /r/  | w, ʿ, r
Zayin  | 32px  | 𐮆 | /z/  | z
Heth  | 30px  | 𐮇 | /h/, /x/  | ḥ
Yodh  | 30px  | 𐮈 | /j/, /ē̆/, /ī̆/, /d͡ʒ/  | y
Kaph  | 28px  | 𐮉 | /k/, /g/  | k
Lamedh  | 32px  | 𐮊 | /l/, /r/  | l
Mem-Qoph  | 32px  | 𐮋 | /m/, /q/  | m, q
Nun  | 26px  | 𐮌 | /n/  | n
Samekh  | 32px  | 𐮍 | /s/, /h/  | s
Pe  | 30px  | 𐮎 | /p/, /b/, /f/  | p
Sadhe  | 30px  | 𐮏 | /t͡ʃ/, /d͡ʒ/, /z/  | ṣ
Shin  | 30px  | 𐮐 | /ʃ/  | š
Taw  | 30px  | 𐮑 | /t/, /d/  | t

## Punctuation

Four different large section-ending punctuation marks were used:

Mark | Description

|

Image | Text
30px | 𐮙 | Section mark
30px | 𐮚 | Turned section mark
30px | 𐮛 | Four dots with cross
30px | 𐮜 | Four dots with dot

## Numbers

Psalter Pahlavi had its own numerals:

Value | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 20 | 100

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Sign | Image  | 30px | 30px | 30px | 30px | 30px | 30px | 30px
Text  | 𐮩 | 𐮪 | 𐮫 | 𐮬 | 𐮭 | 𐮮 | 𐮯

Some numerals have joining behavior (with both numerals and letters).[1] Numbers are written right-to-left. Numbers without corresponding numerals are additive. For example, 96 is written as 𐮮𐮮𐮮𐮮𐮭𐮫𐮫 (20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 10 + 3 + 3).[1]

## Unicode block

Main article: Psalter Pahlavi (Unicode block)

Psalter Pahlavi script was added to the Unicode Standard in June, 2014 with the release of version 7.0.

The Unicode block is U+10B80-U+10BAF:

Template:Unicode chart Psalter Pahlavi

## Notes

1. ↑ The names are based on the corresponding Imperial Aramaic characters

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Everson, Michael; Pournader, Roozbeh (2011-05-06). "N4040: Proposal for encoding the Psalter Pahlavi script in the SMP of the UCS". Working Group Document, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2. https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2011/11147-n4040-psalter-pahlavi.pdf.
2. ↑ Encyclopædia Iranica: Pahlavi Psalter
3. ↑ Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William, eds (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press, Inc. pp. 518. ISBN 978-0195079937. https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195079937/page/518.

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