Isopropyl chloride

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Isopropyl chloride  | Skeletal formula | Space-filling model

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Names
Preferred IUPAC name

2-Chloropropane

Other names

Chlorodimethylmethane, isopropyl chloride, 2-propyl chloride, sec-propyl chloride, 2-chloropropane

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 75-29-6 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 6121 N

EC Number |

* 200-858-8

PubChem CID

* 6361

RTECS number |

* TX4410000

UNII |

* VU39J8AJ2N Y

UN number | 2356

InChI

* InChI=1S/C3H7Cl/c1-3(2)4/h3H,1-2H3 N

Key: ULYZAYCEDJDHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N

* InChI=1/C3H7Cl/c1-3(2)4/h3H,1-2H3

Key: ULYZAYCEDJDHCC-UHFFFAOYAB

SMILES

* CC(Cl)C

Properties

Chemical formula

| C3H7Cl
Molar mass | 78.5413
Appearance  | Colorless liquid
Odor | sweet, ether-like
Density | 0.862
Melting point |  −117.18 °C (−178.92 °F; 155.97 K)
Boiling point |  35.74 °C (96.33 °F; 308.89 K)

Solubility in water

| 0.334 g/100 ml at 12.5 °C
Solubility in ethanol | miscible
Solubility in diethyl ether | miscible

Refractive index (nD)

| 1.3811
Viscosity | 4.05 cP at 0 °C
3.589 cP at 20 °C
Hazards
Main hazards | Highly flammable, possible mutagen. May be harmful by ingestion, inhalation or through skin contact.
Safety data sheet | External MSDS
GHS pictograms |
GHS Signal word | Danger

GHS hazard statements

| H225, H302, H312, H332

GHS precautionary statements

| P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+312, P302+352, P303+361+353, P304+312, P304+340, P312, P322, P330, P363, P370+378, P403+235, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)  |

Flash point |  −32 °C (−26 °F; 241 K)
Related compounds

Related alkyl halides

| Ethyl chloride
n-propyl chloride
Isopropyl bromide
Isopropyl iodide

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Isopropyl chloride is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2CHCl. It is a colourless to slightly yellow, volatile, flammable liquid with a sweet, ether-like (almost like petroleum) odour. It is used as an industrial solvent.

It is produced industrially by the addition of HCl to propylene:[1]

CH3CH=CH2 \+ HCl → (CH3)2CHCl

Isopropyl chloride can be easily produced in the lab by reacting concentrated hydrochloric acid with isopropyl alcohol in the presence of a calcium chloride or zinc chloride catalyst. The common ratio of alcohol to acid to catalyst is 1:2:1 using 30% HCl and near pure isopropyl alcohol. The reaction mixture is refluxed for several hours, or distilled over several hours. The isopropyl chloride is then separated from the remaining isopropyl alcohol by washing with water (the isopropyl chloride will form in insoluble layer above the water, while the alcohol will dissolve into solution along with any HCl present).

In the presence of a catalyst, dry isopropyl chloride reacts with magnesium to give isopropylmagnesium chloride.[2]

When burned, isopropyl chloride releases copious amounts of hydrogen chloride gas, water vapor, carbon oxides, and some soot. It burns inefficiently with a smoky, yellowish flame.

## Further reading

* Ann Smith, Patricia E. Heckelman (2001). "The Merck Index". in Maryadele J. O'Nei. An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals (Thirteenth ed.). Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co., Inc.. pp. 932.

## References

1. ↑ M. Rossberg (2006). "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub2.
2. ↑ Johnnie L. Leazer, Jr; Raymond Cvetovich (2005). "A Practical and Safe Preparation of 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)acetophenone". Org. Synth. 82: 115. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.082.0115.

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*[CID]: Compound ID
*[H225]: Highly flammable liquid and vapour
*[H302]: Harmful if swallowed
*[H312]: Harmful in contact with skin
*[H332]: Harmful if inhaled
*[P210]: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces – No smoking
*[P233]: Keep container tightly closed
*[P240]: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment
*[P241]: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/light/…/equipment
*[P242]: Use only non-sparking tools
*[P243]: Take precautionary measures against static discharge
*[P261]: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray
*[P264]: Wash … thoroughly after handling
*[P270]: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product
*[P271]: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area
*[P280]: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection
*[P301+312]: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell
*[P302+352]: IF ON SKIN: Wash with soap and water
*[P303+361+353]: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower
*[P304+312]: IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell
*[P304+340]: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing
*[P312]: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell
*[P322]: Specific measures (see … on this label)
*[P330]: Rinse mouth
*[P363]: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse
*[P370+378]: In case of fire: Use … for extinction
*[P403+235]: Store in a well ventilated place. Keep cool
*[P501]: Dispose of contents/container to …