Iron(III) iodide

Iron(III) iodide  Names

IUPAC name

Iron(III) iodide

Other names

Ferric iodide

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 15600-49-4 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 76688

PubChem CID

* 85017

CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

* DTXSID50935338

InChI

* InChI=1S/Fe.3HI/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3

Key: HEJPGFRXUXOTGM-UHFFFAOYSA-K

SMILES

* [Fe+3].[I-].[I-].[I-]

Properties

Chemical formula

| FeI3
Molar mass | 436.56 g/mol
Appearance  | Black solid

Solubility in water

| decomposes
Solubility | sparingly soluble in dichloromethane
Related compounds

Other anions

| FeF3, FeCl3, FeBr3

Other cations

| ScI3, TiI3, VI3, MoI3, WI3, RhI3, BiI3

Related compounds

| FeI2

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Infobox references

Iron(III) iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula FeI3. It is a thermodynamically unstable compound that is difficult to prepare. Nevertheless, iron(III) iodide has been synthesised in small quantities in the absence of air and water.[1]

## Contents

* 1 Preparation
* 2 Reactivity
* 3 See also
* 4 References

## Preparation

Iron(III) and iodide tend to undergo a redox reaction[1] in which Fe3+ is reduced to Fe2+ and I− is oxidised to I2. This reaction can be avoided and iron(III) iodide can be synthesised by a photochemical reaction. Iron pentacarbonyl reacts with excess iodine in hexane under argon, releasing carbon monoxide and forming the complex diiodotetracarbonyliron(II), Fe(CO)4I2, as a light red solution.[1][2]

Fe(CO)5 \+ I2 → Fe(CO)4I2 \+ CO

This complex then undergoes oxidative photodecarbonylation at −20 °C in the presence of further iodine and actinic light. A black film of FeI3 is deposited as further carbon monoxide is evolved.[1][2]

Fe(CO)4I2 \+ ½I2 \+ hν → FeI3 \+ 4CO

## Reactivity

Iron(III) iodide is prone to light-induced decomposition to iron(II) iodide and iodine.[2][3][4]

FeI3 \+ hν → FeI2 \+ ½I2

Donor solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, pyridine and water also promote this reaction: iron(III) iodide is extremely hygroscopic. It is sparingly soluble in dichloromethane. It reacts with iodide to form the tetraiodoferrate(III) ion.[2]

FeI3 \+ I− → FeI4−

Iron(III) iodide undergoes ligand exchange or metathesis with certain alkyl chlorides to reversibly form iron(III) chloride and the corresponding alkyl iodides.[2]

FeI3 \+ 3 RCl ⇌ FeCl3 \+ 3 RI

Adducts of FeI3 are well known. An orange complex can be prepared from FeI2 and I2 in the presence of thiourea.[5][6] Iron powder reacts with iodine-containing proligands to also give adducts of ferric iodide.[7]

## See also

* Iron(II) iodide, FeI2

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 1083-1084. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Yoon, K. B.; Kochi, J. K. (1990). "Ferric iodide as a nonexistent compound". Inorg. Chem. 29 (4): 869–874. doi:10.1021/ic00329a058.
3. ↑ Šima, Jozef; Brezová, Vlasta (2002). "Photochemistry of iodo iron(III) complexes". Coord. Chem. Rev. 229 (1–2): 27–35. doi:10.1016/S0010-8545(02)00018-8.
4. ↑ Housecroft, C. E.; Sharpe, A. G. (2008). Inorganic Chemistry (3rd ed.). Prentice Hall. pp. 716. ISBN 978-0-13-175553-6.
5. ↑ Pohl, Siegfried; Bierbach, Ulrich; Saak, Wolfgang (1989). "FeI3SC(NMe2)2, a Neutral Thiourea Complex of Iron(III) Iodide". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 28 (6): 776–777. doi:10.1002/anie.198907761.
6. ↑ Pohl, S.; Opitz, U.; Saak, W.; Haase, D. (1993). "Komplexe von FeI2 und FeI3 mit Tetramethylharnstoff". Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 619 (3): 608–612. doi:10.1002/zaac.19936190329.
7. ↑ Barnes, Nicholas A.; Godfrey, Stephen M.; Ho, Nicholas; McAuliffe, Charles A.; Pritchard, Robin G. (2013). "Facile synthesis of a rare example of an iron(III) iodide complex, [FeI3(AsMe3)2], from the reaction of Me3AsI2 with unactivated iron powder". Polyhedron 55: 67–72. doi:10.1016/j.poly.2013.02.066.

* v
* t
* e

Iron compounds

Fe(-II)|

* Na2Fe(CO)4

Fe(0)|

* Fe(CO)5
* Fe2(CO)9
* Fe3(CO)12
* Fe(CO)3CH3COC2H2C6H6

Fe(I)|

* FeH

| Organoiron(I) compounds|

* (C5H5FeCO)2(CO)2

|

Fe(0,II)|

* Fe3C

Fe(II)|

* FeBr2
* FeCl2
* FeF2
* FeI2
* FeH2
* FeMoO4
* FeO
* Fe(OH)2
* FeS
* FeSO4
* FeSe
* FeSeO4
* FeSi2
* FeTiO3
* FeCO3
* FeC2O4
* Fe(C2H3O2)2
* Fe(C3H5O3)2
* FeC6H6O7
* FeC12H22O14
* Fe2CrO4
* Fe3(PO4)2
* H2Fe(CO)4
* Fe(HCO3)2
* Mg2FeH6

| Organoiron(II) compounds|

* Fe(C5H5)2
* Fe(C5H4P(C6H5)2)2
* C4H4Fe(CO)3
* C4H6Fe(CO)3

|

Fe(0,III)|

* Fe3P

Fe(II,III)|

* Fe3O4
* Fe3S4

Fe(III)|

* FeBr3
* FeCl3
* FeF3
* FeI3
* Fe(NO3)3
* Fe(acac)3
* FeOCl
* FeO(OH)
* FePO4
* Fe4(P2O7)3
* Fe2(CrO4)3
* Fe2(C2O4)3
* Fe2O3
* Fe2S3
* Fe2(SO4)3
* FeBO3
* FeB

| Organoiron(III) compounds|

* Fe(C5H5)2BF4
* C6H8O7⋅xFe3+⋅yNH3

|

Fe(VI)|

* K2FeO4
* BaFeO4

HI |  |  |  | He

|
|
|
|

LiI | BeI2 | BI3 | CI4 | NI3 | I2O4,
I2O5,
I4O9 | IF,
IF3,
IF5,
IF7 | Ne
NaI | MgI2 | AlI3 | SiI4 | PI3,
P2I4 | S  | ICl,
ICl3 | Ar
KI | CaI2 | Sc  | TiI4 | VI3 | CrI3 | MnI2 | FeI2 | CoI2 | NiI2 | CuI | ZnI2 | Ga2I6 | GeI2,
GeI4 | AsI3 | Se  | IBr | Kr
RbI | SrI2 | YI3 | ZrI4 | NbI5 | Mo  | Tc  | Ru  | Rh  | Pd  | AgI | CdI2 | InI3 | SnI4,
SnI2 | SbI3 | TeI4 | I  | Xe
CsI | BaI2 |  | HfI4 | TaI5 | W  | Re  | Os  | Ir  | Pt  | AuI | Hg2I2,
HgI2 | TlI | PbI2 | BiI3 | Po  | AtI | Rn
Fr  | RaI2 |  | Rf  | Db  | Sg  | Bh  | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og
| ↓  |  |
La  | Ce  | Pr  | Nd  | Pm  | SmI2 | Eu  | Gd  | TbI3 | Dy  | Ho  | Er  | Tm  | Yb  | Lu
Ac  | ThI4 | Pa  | UI3,
UI4 | Np  | Pu  | Am  | Cm  | Bk  | Cf  | EsI3 | Fm  | Md  | No  | Lr

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