COVID-19 lockdowns

A usually congested highway in Penang, Malaysia, deserted during the Movement Control Order.

Healthcare workers in Hong Kong prepare to conduct mass COVID-19 testing of Jordan residents during a localised lockdown.

A sign usually used for traffic management displays a public health warning in Belfast during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.

At a community quarantine checkpoint in Bohol, Philippines, police officers check a passing jeepney.

Queue in front of a supermarket in Italy caused by social distancing measures and supply shortages during the lockdown.

Volunteers in Cape Town pack food parcels to distribute to the needy during the pandemic lockdown in South Africa.

Part of a series on the

COVID-19 pandemic

* COVID-19 (disease)
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Society

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* v
* t
* e

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of non-pharmaceutical interventions colloquially known as lockdowns (encompassing stay-at-home orders, curfews, quarantines, cordons sanitaires and similar societal restrictions) have been implemented in numerous countries and territories around the world. These restrictions were established with the intention to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.[1] By April 2020, about half of the world's population was under some form of lockdown, with more than 3.9 billion people in more than 90 countries or territories having been asked or ordered to stay at home by their governments.[2] Although similar disease control measures have been used for hundreds of years, the scale of those implemented in the 2020s is thought to be unprecedented.[3][failed verification]

Research and case studies have shown that lockdowns are generally effective at reducing the spread of COVID-19, therefore flattening the curve.[4][5][6] The World Health Organization's recommendation on curfews and lockdowns is that they should be short-term measures to reorganize, regroup, rebalance resources, and protect health workers who are exhausted. To achieve a balance between restrictions and normal life, the WHO recommends a response to the pandemic that consists of strict personal hygiene, effective contact tracing, and isolating when ill.[7]

Although many public health experts and economists supported lockdown restrictions,[8] citing greater long-term costs for allowing the disease to spread uncontrollably, pandemic restrictions have had health,[9] social, and economic impacts, and have been met with protests in some territories.

## Contents

* 1 Efficacy
* 1.1 Voluntary versus mandatory restrictions
* 2 Reception
* 2.1 Related to epidemiology
* 2.2 Related to social impacts
* 2.3 Related to economic impacts
* 2.4 Protests
* 3 Table of pandemic lockdowns
* 4 See also
* 5 References

## Efficacy[edit | edit source]

Several researchers, from modeling and demonstrated examples, have concluded that lockdowns are effective at reducing the spread of, and deaths caused by, COVID-19.[4][5][10][6][11][12][13][14][15] Lockdowns are thought to be most effective at containing or preventing COVID-19 community transmission, healthcare costs and deaths when implemented earlier, with greater stringency, and when not lifted too early.[16][17][18][19][20]

A study investigating the spread based on studies of the most common symptoms such as loss of taste and smell in France, Italy and the UK showed a marked decrease in new symptoms just a few days after the start of confinement on the countries (Italy and France) with the strongest lockdowns.[21] Modelling on the United States pandemic suggested "the pandemic would have been almost completely suppressed from significantly taking off if the lockdown measures were implemented two weeks earlier" and that the second wave would have been less severe had the lockdown lasted another two weeks.[16]

The stringent lockdown in Hubei in early 2020 proved effective at controlling the COVID-19 outbreak in China.[14][22] The relatively high number of cases and deaths in Sweden, which has kept much of its society open during the pandemic, when compared to its neighbours with comparable demographics Norway, Denmark and Finland that did enforce lockdowns, is thought to be at least partly attributable to this difference in policy.[23][24][25][26][27] Similarly, modelling on Australian data concluded that achieving zero community transmission through a strict lockdown lowers healthcare and economic costs compared to less stringent measures that allow transmission to continue, and warned that early relaxation of restrictions have greater costs.[18][19] This "zero community transmission" approach was adopted in Australia, and a strict four month lockdown in the state of Victoria during an outbreak in Melbourne, combined with other measures, averted a wider outbreak in the country in 2020.[28] New Zealand and Vietnam also adopted a "Zero-COVID" strategy throughout 2020 that included targeted lockdowns.[29][30]

The emergence of the highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in 2021 has led some commentators to suggest that although lockdowns continue to reduce the spread of COVID-19, they have become less effective at containing it. Lockdowns in Australia and Vietnam in response to Delta outbreaks proved less effective at containment than previous lockdowns were against the spread of other variants.[31][32][33]

### Voluntary versus mandatory restrictions[edit | edit source]

A member of the Peruvian Army with a police dog enforces curfew on 31 March 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru

One study led by an economist at the University of Chicago found that involuntary lockdowns had little impact, with voluntary distancing making up nearly 90% of the fall in consumer traffic as people feared the virus itself.[34] Similarly, a National Bureau of Economic Research study found stay-at-home orders increased staying at home by just 5–10%.[35] Another study from Yale University found that most social distancing was voluntary, driven primarily by "media coverage of morbidity and mortality."[36]

On the other hand, some studies have argued[13][37] that coercive measures probably decreased interactions, while accepting that most of the reduction may have been voluntary. One of those two studies, by Flaxman et al., has been criticized, among other things for having a country-specific adjustment factor, without which the model would predict a massive number of deaths for Sweden.[38] One widely cited economic simulation asserting that shelter-in-place orders reduced total cases three-fold, however, held voluntary distancing constant.[39] Another study found a 30% difference among border-counties where stay-at-home orders were imposed.[40]

Another study that compared the impact of 'less restrictive interventions' on the spread of COVID-19 in Sweden and South Korea, with mandatory stay-at home orders in 8 other countries, such as France and Spain, did not find evidence for greater disease control in the countries with more restrictions.[41] However, the findings of the study have been questioned due to its numerous limitations, including the small sample size of countries.[42][43]

Some research has also found that an "advisory" approach is not adequate to control COVID-19 outbreaks. An analysis of an outbreak in northern Italy found that an effective reduction in community transmission occurred during a strict national lockdown, and that earlier less stringent measures were ineffective at reducing mobility to a level low enough to reduce the spread of COVID-19.[17]

Since the beginning of the pandemic, Google has consistently collected data on movements, showing rapid declines in public activity long before legal restrictions were imposed.[44] An April 2020 poll found that 93% of Americans voluntarily chose to only leave home when necessary, regardless of legal restrictions.[45]

## Reception[edit | edit source]

A February 2021 review of 348 articles concluded there was acknowledgement of the importance of non-pharmaceutical interventions in controlling the spread of COVID-19.[6] However, current research also acknowledges high societal costs, though less than the costs of allowing the pandemic to spread without mitigation.[5][4][6][46]

### Related to epidemiology[edit | edit source]

Epidemiological evidence supports generalized non-pharmaceutical interventions to curb the spread of COVID-19.[6][47][48][49]

During the early stages of the pandemic in Europe and the United States, statistical modeling which advised that restrictions were helpful to prevent a large number of deaths were used as the basis for lockdowns.[15] This includes an Imperial College projection, led by epidemiologist Neil Ferguson.[50] Despite some criticisms, academics defended the Imperial projection as fundamentally sound, while admitting the code was "a buggy mess."[51]

A notable opponent of lockdowns has included Sweden's state epidemiologist Anders Tegnell, who has frequently criticised the strategy.[52][53] The Swedish government's approach has included minimal restrictions and has been controversial in part due to the relatively high death toll due to widespread transmission.[54][55] However, the Swedish government began considering enacting a lockdown in early 2021.[56][57]

While arguing in August 2020 for the need for further lockdowns in the United States, physicians Ranu Dhillon and Abraar Karan argued for "smarter lockdowns" that impose restrictions on areas with high levels of transmission, and to increase support to vulnerable populations in these locations to offset the economic costs.[58]

A number of medical experts signed the Great Barrington Declaration in October 2020 which called for "Focused Protection" on high risk groups and minimal restrictions on the general population to achieve herd immunity through COVID-19 infection. However, the majority of medical experts and the WHO have strongly criticised this proposed strategy for its lack of scientific basis and for being unethical.[48][59][60] The declaration has also attracted controversy over its funding and the authenticity of its signatures.[47][61]

### Related to social impacts[edit | edit source]

Some commentators have suggested that states' use of emergency powers to curb freedom of assembly and movement are authoritarian and may result in long-term democratic backsliding. Centralization of power by political leadership in Hungary, Poland, China and Cambodia in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have been cited as examples.[62][63][64]

Some researchers have noted that COVID-19 pandemic restrictions have come with mental health costs, compounded by those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic itself.[6][65][66][67][68]

Due to their closure, educational institutions worldwide transitioned to online learning. Teachers and faculty had to learn new ways to engage with students while in a COVID-19 pandemic. Examples of online teaching tools are podcasts, videos, and virtual classrooms.[69][better source needed]

UN Women warned in a April 2020 report that COVID-19 pandemic restrictions exacerbate gender inequalities and have led to an increase in domestic violence.[70] Many women are being forced to 'lockdown' at home with their abusers at the same time that services to support survivors are being disrupted or made inaccessible.[71] For instance, in France there was a spike in cases of about 30% since the lockdown in March 2020.[70]

### Related to economic impacts[edit | edit source]

Some economists supported increased government funding for mitigation efforts, even at the cost of tolerating a very large economic contraction.[72] They agreed that lockdowns should continue until the threat of resurgence has declined, even when considering only the economic impact.[73] There was a general agreement, at least in some economic circles, that "severe lockdowns — including closing non-essential businesses and strict limitations on people's movement — are likely to be better for the economy in the medium term than less aggressive measures".[74]

An anti-lockdown protest at the Ohio Statehouse in April 2020 amid the COVID-19 pandemic in the state.

Both the World Food Programme (WFP) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have published statements noting the impact of the lockdowns on livelihoods and food security, and Dr David Nabarro, WHO Special Envoy on COVID-19 stated in October 2020 that "lockdowns just have one consequence that you must never ever belittle, and that is making poor people an awful lot poorer".[75][76][77]

### Protests[edit | edit source]

Further information: Protests over responses to the COVID-19 pandemic

There have also been a number of protests worldwide in opposition to lockdowns, including in the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, the Netherlands, Canada and New Zealand. The motivations for and sizes of these protests have varied. Some have been spurred by the economic and social impacts of lockdowns, but have also been associated with misinformation related to the pandemic, conspiracy theories and anti-vaccination.[78][79]

## Table of pandemic lockdowns[edit | edit source]

* v
* t
* e

COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns

Country / territory  | Place  | First lockdown  | Second lockdown  | Third lockdown  | Fourth lockdown  | Fifth lockdown  | Sixth lockdown  | Seventh lockdown  | Eighth lockdown  | Total length (days)  | Level
Start date | End date  | Length (days)  | Start date  | End date  | Length (days)  | Start date  | End date  | Length (days)  | Start date  | End date  | Length (days)  | Start date  | End date  | Length (days)  | Start date  | End date  | Length (days)  | Start date  | End date  | Length (days)  | Start date  | End date  | Length (days)
Albania | 2020-03-13[80] | 2020-06-01[81] | 80  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 80  | National
Algeria | Algiers | 2020-03-23[82] | 2020-05-14[83] | 52  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 52  | City
Blida |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Argentina | Greater Buenos Aires | 2020-03-19[84] | 2020-11-08[85] | 234  | 2021-05-22[86] | 2021-05-30  | 9  | 2021-06-05[87] | 2021-06-06  | 2  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 245  | Metropolitan area
Rest of the country  | 2020-03-19[84] | 2020-05-10[88] | 52  | 2021-05-22[86] | 2021-05-30  | 9  | 2021-06-05[87] | 2021-06-06  | 2  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 63  | National
Armenia | 2020-03-24[89] | 2020-05-04[90] | 41  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 41  | National
Australia | Melbourne | 2020-03-31[91] | 2020-05-12[92][lower-alpha 1] | 43  | 2020-07-09[lower-alpha 2][93][94] | 2020-10-27[95] | 111  | 2021-02-13[96] | 2021-02-17[96] | 5  | 2021-05-28[97] | 2021-06-10[98] | 14  | 2021-07-16[99] | 2021-07-27[100] | 12  | 2021-08-05[101] | 2021-10-21[102] | 78  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 263  | Metropolitan area
Greater Shepparton | 2020-03-31  | 2020-05-12[92] | 43  | 2020-08-06[94] | 2020-09-16[94] | 41  | 2021-02-13[96] | 2021-02-17[96] | 5  | 2021-05-28  | 2021-06-03  | 7  | 2021-07-16[99] | 2021-07-27[100] | 12  | 2021-08-05[101] | 2021-08-09  | 5  | 2021-08-21[103] | 2021-09-15[104][105] | 25  | 2021-10-02[106] | 2021-10-09[107] | 7  | 145  | Local government area
Ballarat | 2020-03-31  | 2020-05-12[92] | 43  | 2020-08-06[94] | 2020-09-16[94] | 41  | 2021-02-13[96] | 2021-02-17[96] | 5  | 2021-05-28  | 2021-06-03  | 7  | 2021-07-16[99] | 2021-07-27[100] | 12  | 2021-08-05[101] | 2021-08-09  | 5  | 2021-08-21[103] | 2021-09-09[104][105] | 20  | 2021-09-16[108] | 2021-09-22[lower-alpha 3][109][110] | 7  | 140
Greater Geelong | 2020-03-31  | 2020-05-12[92] | 43  | 2020-08-06[94] | 2020-09-16[94] | 41  | 2021-02-13[96] | 2021-02-17[96] | 5  | 2021-05-28  | 2021-06-03  | 7  | 2021-07-16[99] | 2021-07-27[100] | 12  | 2021-08-05[101] | 2021-08-09  | 5  | 2021-08-21[103] | 2021-09-09[104][105] | 20  | 2021-09-20[111] | 2021-09-26[112] | 7  | 140
Surf Coast Shire | 2020-03-31  | 2020-05-12[92] | 43  | 2020-08-06[94] | 2020-09-16[94] | 41  | 2021-02-13[96] | 2021-02-17[96] | 5  | 2021-05-28  | 2021-06-03  | 7  | 2021-07-16[99] | 2021-07-27[100] | 12  | 2021-08-05[101] | 2021-08-09  | 5  | 2021-08-21[103] | 2021-09-09[104][105] | 20  | 2021-09-20[111] | 2021-09-26[112] | 7  | 140
Mitchell Shire | 2020-03-31  | 2020-05-12[92] | 43  | 2020-07-09[lower-alpha 2][113] | 2020-09-16[94] | 70  | 2021-02-13[96] | 2021-02-17[96] | 5  | 2021-05-28  | 2021-06-03  | 7  | 2021-07-16[99] | 2021-07-27[100] | 12  | 2021-08-05[101] | 2021-08-09  | 5  | 2021-08-21[103] | 2021-09-09[104][105] | 20  | 2021-09-20[111] | 2021-10-13[lower-alpha 4][114] | 24  | 186
Mildura | 2020-03-31  | 2020-05-12[92] | 43  | 2020-08-06[94] | 2020-09-16[94] | 41  | 2021-02-13[96] | 2021-02-17[96] | 5  | 2021-05-28  | 2021-06-03  | 7  | 2021-07-16[99] | 2021-07-27[100] | 12  | 2021-08-05[101] | 2021-08-09  | 5  | 2021-08-21[103] | 2021-09-09[104][105] | 20  | 2021-10-09[115] | 2021-10-22[116] | 14  | 147
Latrobe Valley | 2020-03-31  | 2020-05-12[92] | 43  | 2020-08-06[94] | 2020-09-16[94] | 41  | 2021-02-13[96] | 2021-02-17[96] | 5  | 2021-05-28  | 2021-06-03  | 7  | 2021-07-16[99] | 2021-07-27[100] | 12  | 2021-08-05[101] | 2021-08-09  | 5  | 2021-08-21[103] | 2021-09-09[104][105] | 20  | 2021-09-29[117] | 2021-10-06[118] | 7  | 140  | Region
Rest of regional Victoria[lower-alpha 5] | 2020-03-31  | 2020-05-12[92] | 43  | 2020-08-06[94] | 2020-09-16[94] | 41  | 2021-02-13[96] | 2021-02-17[96] | 5  | 2021-05-28  | 2021-06-03  | 7  | 2021-07-16[99] | 2021-07-27[100] | 12  | 2021-08-05[101] | 2021-08-09  | 5  | 2021-08-21[103] | 2021-09-09[104][105] | 20  |  |  |  | 133  | State
South Australia |  |  |  | 2020-11-19[119] | 2020-11-22[120] | 3  | 2021-07-21[121] | 2021-07-27  | 7  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 62
Southern Tasmania |  |  |  | 2021-10-16[122] | 2021-10-19  | 3  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 55
Northern Beaches (NSW) |  |  |  | 2020-12-19[123] | 2021-01-10[124] | 22  | 2021-06-26  | 2021-10-11[lower-alpha 6][125] | 107  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 181 | Local government area
Brisbane |  |  |  | 2021-01-08[126] | 2021-01-11[126] | 3  | 2021-03-29[127] | 2021-04-01[128] | 3  | 2021-06-29[129] | 2021-07-03  | 4  | 2021-07-31[130] | 2021-08-08[131] | 8  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 67  | Metropolitan area
Perth |  |  |  | 2021-01-31[132] | 2021-02-05[132] | 5  | 2021-04-23[133] | 2021-04-26[133] | 3  | 2021-06-28[134] | 2021-07-02[134] | 4  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 61  | Metropolitan area
Peel |  |  |  | 2021-01-31[132] | 2021-02-05[132] | 5  | 2021-04-23[133] | 2021-04-26[133] | 3  | 2021-06-28  | 2021-07-02  | 4  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 61  | Region
South West |  |  |  | 2021-01-31[132] | 2021-02-05[132] | 5  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 57
Illawarra |  |  |  | 2021-06-26[135] | 2021-10-11[lower-alpha 7][136][137][125] | 107  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 159
Greater Sydney |  |  |  | 2021-06-26[135] | 2021-10-11[lower-alpha 8][136][137][125] | 107  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 159 | Metropolitan area
Darwin |  |  |  | 2021-06-27[138] | 2021-07-02[139] | 5  | 2021-08-16  | 2021-08-19  | 3  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 57  | Metropolitan area
South East Queensland |  |  |  | 2021-06-29[129] | 2021-07-02  | 3  | 2021-07-31  | 2021-08-08  | 8  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 63  | Region
Townsville |  |  |  | 2021-06-29[129] | 2021-07-02  | 3  | 2021-07-31  | 2021-08-08  | 8  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 63  | Metropolitan area
Alice Springs |  |  |  | 2021-06-30 [140] | 2021-07-03  | 3  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 55  | Metropolitan area
Central West |  |  |  | 2021-07-20[141] | 2021-07-27[141] | 7  | 2021-08-14  | 2021-10-11[lower-alpha 9][142] | 58  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 117  | Region
Hunter Region |  |  |  | 2021-08-05[143][144] | 2021-10-11[lower-alpha 10][142] | 67  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 119
Upper Hunter  |  |  |  | 2021-08-05[143] | 2021-09-16[lower-alpha 11][142][145] | 42  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 94
Muswellbrook |  |  |  | 2021-08-05[143] | 2021-09-16[lower-alpha 12][142][145] | 42  | 2021-09-28[146] | 2021-10-11[lower-alpha 13] | 13  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 107  | Local government area
Armidale |  |  |  | 2021-08-07[147] | 2021-09-10[148] | 34  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 87
Cairns Region |  |  |  | 2021-08-08[149] | 2021-08-11[150] | 3  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 55  | Region
Yarrabah |  |  |  | 2021-08-08[149] | 2021-08-11[150] | 3  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 55  | Local government area
Richmond Valley |  |  |  | 2021-08-09[151] | 2021-09-10[142][152] | 32  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 84
Lismore |  |  |  | 2021-08-09[151] | 2021-09-10[142][148] | 32  | 2021-09-16[145] | 2021-09-23  | 7  | 2021-10-03[153] | 2021-10-11  | 8  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 99
Byron Shire |  |  |  | 2021-08-09[151] | 2021-09-10[142][152] | 32  | 2021-09-21[154] | 2021-09-28  | 7  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 91
Ballina |  |  |  | 2021-08-09[151] | 2021-09-10[142][152] | 32  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 84
Tamworth |  |  |  | 2021-08-09[155] | 2021-09-10[142][152][148] | 32  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 84
Dubbo |  |  |  | 2021-08-11[156] | 2021-10-11[lower-alpha 14][142][148] | 61  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 113
Australian Capital Territory |  |  |  | 2021-08-12[157] | 2021-10-15[158] | 61  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 114  | Territory
Regional NSW[lower-alpha 15] |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-10[142][148] | 28  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 81  | Region
Mid-Coast |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-10[142][148][160] | 28  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 81  | Local government area
South Coast[lower-alpha 16] |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-10-11[lower-alpha 17][142][148] | 57  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 109  | Region
Bega Valley |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-16[lower-alpha 18][142][148][161] | 33  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 85  | Local government area
Goulburn–Mulwaree |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-10-11[lower-alpha 19][142][148] | 57  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 109
Snowy Monaro |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-16[lower-alpha 20][142][148][161] | 33  | 2021-09-30[162] | 2021-10-11[163] | 11  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 96
Yass Valley |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-10[148] | 28  | 2021-09-14[164] | 2021-09-27  | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 94
Albury (NSW) |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-10[142][148] | 28  | 2021-09-16[145] | 2021-09-23  | 7  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 87
Cowra |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-10[142][148] | 28  | 2021-09-20[165] | 2021-10-05[166] | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 94
Glen Innes Severn (NSW) |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-10[142][148] | 28  | 2021-09-17[167] | 2021-09-24  | 7  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 87
Hilltops (NSW) |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-10[142][148] | 28  | 2021-09-17[167] | 2021-10-01[168] | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 94
Port Macquarie-Hastings |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-10[142][148] | 28  | 2021-09-28[146] | 2021-10-05  | 7  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 87
Oberon |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-10[142][148] | 28  | 2021-09-29[169] | 2021-10-11[163] | 12  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 92
Gunnedah |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-10[142][148] | 28  | 2021-10-05[170] | 2021-10-11  | 6  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 86
Casino |  |  |  | 2021-08-14[159] | 2021-09-10[142][148] | 28  | 2021-10-02[171] | 2021-10-11  | 9  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 89  | Town
Rest of the country[lower-alpha 21] | 2020-03-23[172] | 2020-05-15[173] | 52  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 52  | National
Austria | 2020-03-16[174] | 2020-04-13[175] | 28  | 2020-11-03[176] | 2020-11-30[176] | 27  | 2020-12-26[177] | 2021-02-07[178] | 43  | 2021-11-22[179] | 2021-12-11[180] | 20  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 118
Azerbaijan | 2020-03-31[181] | 2020-08-30[181] | 152  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 152
Bangladesh | 2020-03-26[182] | 2020-05-16[183] | 51  | 2021-04-05[184] | 2021-07-14[185] | 100  | 2021-07-23[186] | 2021-08-10[187] | 18  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 169
Barbados | 2020-03-28[188] | 2020-05-03[188] | 36  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 36
Belgium | 2020-03-18[189] | 2020-05-04 [190] | 47  | 2020-11-02[191] | 2020-12-14[191] | 42  | 2021-03-27[192] | 2021-04-26[193] | 30  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 119
Bermuda | 2020-04-04[188] | 2020-05-02[194] | 28  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 28
Bhutan | 2020-08-11[195] | 2020-09-01[196] | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21
Bolivia | 2020-03-22[197] | 2020-07-31[198] | 131  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 131
Botswana | 2020-04-02[199] | 2020-04-30[199] | 28  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 28
Brazil | Santa Catarina | 2020-03-17[200] | 2020-04-07[200] | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21  | State
São Paulo | 2020-03-24[201] | 2020-05-10[202] | 47  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 47
Bulgaria | 2020-03-13[lower-alpha 22][206][207] | 2020-06-15[lower-alpha 23][209][210] | 94  | 2020-11-28 (de facto)[lower-alpha 24][212] | 2021-01-31[lower-alpha 25][212][213] | 65  | 2021-03-22[lower-alpha 26][215] | 2021-03-31  | 10  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 169  | National
Cambodia | Phnom Penh | 2021-04-15[216] | 2021-05-05[217] | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21  | Municipality
Ta Khmau |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Canada | British Columbia | 2020-03-18[218] | 2020-05-18[219] | 61  | 2020-11-07[220] | 2021-01-08[220] | 62  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 123  | Province
Ontario | 2020-03-17[221][222] | 2020-05-14  | 58  |  |  |  | 2021-04-03[223] | 2021-05-01  | 28  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 86
Ontario - South |  |  |  | 2020-12-26[224] | 2021-01-23[224] | 28  | 2021-04-08[225] | 2021-06-02[225] | 55  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 83  | Region
Ontario - North |  |  |  | 2020-12-26[224] | 2021-01-09[224] | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14
Quebec | 2020-03-18 | 2020-05-04 | 47  | 2020-12-25[226] | 2021-01-11[226] | 18[226] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 65  | Province
Colombia | 2020-03-25[227] | 2020-06-30[228] | 97  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 97  | National
Congo | 2020-03-31[229] | 2020-04-20[229] | 20  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20
Costa Rica | 2020-03-23[230] | 2020-05-01[231] | 39  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 39
Croatia | 2020-03-18[232] | 2020-05-11  | 32  | 2020-12-22[233] | 2020-12-29[234] | 7  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 39
Cyprus | 2020-03-24[235] | 2020-04-13[235] | 20  | 2021-01-10[236] | 2021-01-31[236] | 21  | 2021-04-26[237] | 2021-05-09[237] | 13  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 54
Czech Republic | 2020-03-16[174] | 2020-04-12[238] | 27  | 2020-10-22[239] | 2021-03-28[239] | 174  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 201
Denmark | 2020-03-12[240] | 2020-04-13[241] | 33  | 2020-12-25[242] | 2021-03-01[243] | 66  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 99
Ecuador | 2020-03-16[244] | 2020-03-31[244] | 15  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15
El Salvador | 2020-03-12[245] | 2020-04-02[245] | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21
Eritrea | 2020-04-02[246] | 2020-04-23[246] | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21
Estonia | 2021-03-11[247] | 2021-04-11[247] | 31  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 31  | National
Fiji | Lautoka | 2020-03-20[248] | 2020-04-07[249] | 18  | 2021-04-19  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18  | City
Suva | 2020-04-03[250] | 2020-04-17[251] | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14
France | Nationwide  | 2020-03-17[252] | 2020-05-11[253] | 55  | 2020-10-30[254] | 2020-12-15[255] | 46  | 2021-04-04[256] | 2021-05-03[256] | 29  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 130  | National
Paris |  |  |  |  | 2021-03-19[257] | 2021-04-18  | 30  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 131  | Region
Finland | 2021-03-08[258] | 2021-03-28[258] | 20  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20  | National
Georgia | 2020-03-31[259] | 2020-04-21[259] | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21
Germany | different regionally  | 2020-03-16[lower-alpha 27][261] | 2020-05-30[262][263]
to 2020-05-11[264] | 76  | 2020-11-02[265] | 2021-03-01 to 2021-06-11[266][267] | 119 to 222  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 179 to 298
Berchtesgadener Land |  |  | 2020-10-20[268] | 2020-11-03[269] | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 43 to 64  | District
Ghana | Accra | 2020-03-30[270] | 2020-04-12[271] | 13  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13  | Metropolitan area
Kumasi |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Greece | Nationwide  | 2020-03-23[272] | 2020-05-04[273] | 42  | 2020-11-07[274] | 2021-03-22[275] | 135  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 177  | National
Thessaloniki |  |  | 2020-11-03[276] | 139  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 181  | Regional unit
Serres |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Guernsey | 2020-03-25[277] | 2020-06-20[278] | 87  | 2021-01-23[279] | 2021-02-22[280] | 30  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 117  | National
Honduras | 2020-03-20[281] | 2020-05-17[282] | 58  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 58
Hungary | 2020-03-28[283] | 2020-04-10[283] | 13  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13
India | Nationwide  | 2020-03-25[284] | 2020-06-07[285] | 74  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 74
Bengaluru |  |  |  | 2021-04-27[286] | 2021-05-09  | 12  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12  | Region
Delhi |  |  |  | 2021-04-19[287] | 2021-05-31[288] | 42  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 42  | Region
Haryana |  |  |  | 2021-05-03[289] | 2021-05-10  | 7  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7  | State
Maharashtra |  |  |  | 2021-04-14[290] | 2021-06-15[291] | 62  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 62  | State
Odisha |  |  |  | 2021-05-05[292] | 2021-05-19  | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14  | State
Rajasthan |  |  |  | 2021-05-10[293] | 2021-06-08[294] | 29  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 29  | State
Uttar Pradesh |  |  |  | 2021-04-30[295] | 2021-05-10[296] | 10  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10  | State
Iran | 2020-03-14[297] | 2020-04-20[298] | 37  | 2021-04-14[299] | 2021-04-24  | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 47  | National
Iraq | 2020-03-22[300] | 2020-04-11[301] | 20  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20
Ireland | All 26 counties | 2020-03-12[lower-alpha 28][302][303] | 2020-05-18[304] | 67  | 2020-10-21[305] | 2020-12-01[306] | 41  | 2020-12-24[lower-alpha 29][307] | 2021-04-12[308] | 119  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 227
Kildare | 2020-08-07[309][310] | 2020-08-31[311] | 24  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 24  | Regional
Laois | 2020-08-21[312] | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14
Offaly |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Israel | Bnei Brak | 2020-04-02[313] | 2020-04-16[314] | 14  |  |  | 30  |  |  | 42  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 86  | City
Nationwide  |  |  |  | 2020-09-18[315] | 2020-10-18[316] | 2020-12-27[317] | 2021-02-07[318] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 72  | National
Italy | Nationwide  | 2020-03-09[lower-alpha 30][319] | 2020-05-18[320] | 70  | 2020-12-24[321][lower-alpha 31] | 2021-01-06[321] | 13  | 2021-03-15[322] | 2021-04-30  | 46  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 129  | National
Lombardy |  |  | 2020-11-06[323] | 2020-12-03[324] | 27  | 2021-01-17 [325] | 2021-01-30  | 13  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 110  | Region
Piedmont |  |  | 2020-11-06[323] | 2020-12-03[324] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 97
Aosta Valley |  |  | 2020-11-06[323] | 2020-12-03[324] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Calabria |  |  | 2020-11-06[323] | 2020-12-03[324] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sicily |  |  |  |  |  | 2021-01-17[325] | 2021-01-30  | 13  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 83
Province of Bolzano |  |  |  |  |  | 2021-01-17 [325] | 2021-01-30  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Province
Jamaica | Saint Catherine | 2020-04-15[326] | 2020-04-22[326] | 7  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7  | Parish
Jordan | 2020-03-18[327] | 2020-04-30[328] | 43  | 2020-11-10[329] | 2020-11-15[329] | 5  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 48  | National
Kosovo | 2020-03-14[330] | 2020-05-04 [331] | 51  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 51
Kuwait | 2020-05-10[332] | 2020-05-31[332] | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21
Lebanon | 2020-03-15[333] | 2020-03-28[333] | 13  | 2020-11-14[334] | 2020-11-28  | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 27
Libya | 2020-03-22[335] | 2020-06-27[336] | 97  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 97
Lithuania | 2020-03-16[337] | 2020-06-18[338] | 94  | 2020-11-07[339] | 2020-11-28  | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 115
Madagascar | Antananarivo | 2020-03-23[340] | 2020-04-20[341] | 28  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 28  | City
Toamasina |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Malaysia | 2020-03-18[342] | 2020-06-09[343] | 83  | 2021-01-13  | 2021-02-10  | 28  | 2021-06-01[344] | 2021-08-16[345] | 76  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 187  | National
Mexico | Nationwide  | 2020-03-23[346] | 2020-06-01[346] | 70  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 70
Chihuahua |  |  | 2020-10-23[347] | 2020-12-06  | 44  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 114  | State
Durango |  |  | 2020-11-03[348] | 2020-12-06  | 33  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 103
Baja California |  |  | 2020-12-07  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 70
Mexico City |  |  | 2020-12-19[349] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 70
State of Mexico |  |  | 2020-12-19[349] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 70
Morelos |  |  | 2021-01-04  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 70
Guanajuato |  |  | 2021-01-04  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 70
Mongolia | 2020-03-10[350] | 2020-03-16[350] | 6  | 2020-11-17[351] | 2020-12-01  | 15  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21  | National
Montenegro | Tuzi | 2020-03-24[352] | 2020-05-05[353] | 42  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 42  | Municipality
Morocco | 2020-03-19[354] | 2020-06-10[355] | 83  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 83  | National

Myanmar | Yangon | 2020-04-18[356] | 2020-07-01[357] | 74  | 2020-09-01[358] | 2021-04-10[359] | 220  | 2021-07-08[360] | 2021-10-27[361] | 111  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 405  | City
Namibia | 2020-03-27[lower-alpha 32][362] | 2020-05-04[363] | 38  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 38  |
Template:Country data Nepal Nepal | Nationwide  | 2020-03-24[364] | 2020-07-21[365] | 120  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 120  |
Kathmandu |  |  | 2020-08-20[366] | 2020-09-09[366] | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 141  | City
Netherlands | 2020-03-15[367] | 2020-04-06[367] | 22  | 2020-12-15[368] | 2021-06-05[369] | 172  | 2021-12-19[370] | 2022-01-14[371] | 26  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 220  | National
New Zealand | Nationwide  | 2020-03-23[372][373] | 2020-05-13[374] | 52  | 2021-08-18[372] | 2021-09-07[372] | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 73  | National
Auckland |  |  | 2020-08-12[375] | 2020-08-30[372] | 19  | 2021-02-14[376] | 2021-02-17[376] | 3  | 2021-02-28[372] | 2021-03-07[372] | 7  | 2021-08-18[372] | 2021-11-29(TBC)[377] | 104  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 185  | Region
Nigeria | Abuja | 2020-03-30[378] | 2020-04-12[378] | 13  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13  | City
Lagos |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ogun |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | State
Northern Cyprus | 2020-03-30[379] | 2020-05-04[380] | 35  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 35  | National
North Korea | Nationwide  | 2022-05-12[381] | not set  | not set  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | National
Kaesong | 2020-07-25[382] | 2020-08-14[383] | 20  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20  | City
Oman | Muscat | 2020-04-10[384] | 2020-05-29[385] | 49  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 49  | Governorate
Jalan Bani Bu Ali | 2020-04-16[386] | 2020-05-29[387] | 43  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 43 | Province
Pakistan | 2020-03-24[388] | 2020-05-09[389] | 46  | 2021-05-08[390] | 2021-05-18  | 10  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 46  | National
Panama | 2020-03-25[391] | 2020-05-31
(downgraded to a night and weekend curfew)[392] | 67  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 67
Papua New Guinea | 2020-03-24[393] | 2020-04-07[393] | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14
Paraguay | 2020-03-20[394] | 2020-05-03[395] | 44  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 44
Peru | 2020-03-16[396] | 2020-06-30[397] | 106  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 106
Philippines | Cebu | 2020-03-27[398] | 2020-05-15[lower-alpha 33][399]
to 2020-05-31[lower-alpha 34][400] | 49 to 65  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 49 to 65  | Province
Davao Region | 2020-03-19[401] | 2020-05-15[399] | 57  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 57  | Region
Luzon | 2020-03-15[lower-alpha 35][402] | 2020-04-30[lower-alpha 36][403]
to 2020-05-15[lower-alpha 37][404]
to 2020-05-31[lower-alpha 34][400] | 46 to 61 to 77  | 2020-08-04[405][lower-alpha 38] | 2020-08-18[405][lower-alpha 38] | 15  | 2021-01-25 | 2021-02-15 | 21  | 2021-03-29 | 2021-09-15 | 170  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 61 to 92  | Island group
Soccsksargen | 2020-03-23[401] | 2020-05-15[406] | 53  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 53  | Region
Poland | 2020-03-13[407] | 2020-04-11[408] | 29  | 2020-12-28[409] | 2021-01-17[409] | 20  | 2021-03-20[410] | 2021-04-25[411] | 36  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 85  | National
Portugal | 2020-03-19[412] | 2020-04-02[408] | 14  | 2021-01-15[413] | 2021-03-15[414] | 59  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 73
Qatar | Doha Industrial Area | 2020-03-11[415] | 2020-06-15[416] | 96  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 96  | Industrial park
Romania | 2020-03-25[417] | 2020-05-12[418] | 48  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 48  | National
Russia | Moscow | 2020-03-30[419] | 2020-05-12[420][421] | 43  | 2021-10-28[422] | 2021-11-04 | 7  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 50  | Metropolitan area
Rest of the country[lower-alpha 39] | 2020-03-28[423] | 2020-04-30[423] | 33  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33  | National
Rwanda | 2020-03-21[424] | 2020-04-19[425] | 29  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 29
Samoa | 2020-03-26[426] | 2020-04-08[427] | 13  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13
San Marino | 2020-03-14[428] | 2020-05-05[429] | 52  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 52
Saudi Arabia | Jeddah | 2020-03-29[430] | 2020-06-21[431] | 84  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 84  | City
Mecca | 2020-03-26[430] | 87  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 87
Medina |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Qatif | 2020-03-09[432] | 104  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 104  | Area
Riyadh | 2020-03-26[430] | 87  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 87  | City
Serbia | 2020-03-15[408] | 2020-04-21[433]
to 2020-05-04[434] | 37 to 50  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 37 to 50  | National
Singapore | 2020-04-07[435] | 2020-06-01[436] | 56  | 2021-05-16[437] | 2021-06-13  | 28  | 2021-07-22  | 2021-08-09  | 18  | 2021-09-27  | 2021-11-21

[438]

| 56  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 158
South Africa | 2020-03-26[439] | 2020-04-30[440] | 35  | 2020-12-28  | 2021-01-15  | 18  | 2021-06-28  | 2021-07-25  | 27  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 80
Spain | 2020-03-14[441] | 2020-05-09[442] | 56  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 56
Sri Lanka | 2020-03-18[443] | 2020-06-21[444] | 95  | 2021-08-20[445] | 2021-10-01[446] | 42  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 137
Switzerland | 2020-03-17[447] | 2020-04-27[448] | 41  | 2021-01-18[449] | 2021-03-01[450] | 42  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 83
Thailand | 2020-03-25[451] | 2020-05-31[452] | 67  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 67
Trinidad and Tobago | 2020-03-17[453] | 2020-03-31[453] | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14
Tunisia | 2020-03-22[454] | 2020-04-19[455] | 28  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 28
Turkey |  | 2020-04-23[456] | 2020-04-27[456] | 4  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4  | Only in 30 metropolitan cities and Zonguldak.
Nationwide  | 2021-04-29[457] | 2021-05-17[457] | 18  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18  | National
Ukraine | 2020-03-17[408] | 2020-04-24[408] | 38  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 38
United Arab Emirates | 2020-03-26[458] | 2020-04-17[459] | 22  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 22
United Kingdom | England | 2020-03-23[460] | 2020-07-04[461] | 103  | 2020-11-05[462] | 2020-12-02[462] | 27  | 2021-01-05[463] | 2021-03-28[464][lower-alpha 40] | 83  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 213
Scotland | 2020-06-29[465] | 98  | 2020-12-26[466] | 2021-04-02[467] | 97  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 195
Northern Ireland | 2020-07-03[468] | 102  | 2020-11-27[469] | 2020-12-11[469] | 14  | 2020-12-26[470] | 2021-04-12[471] | 107  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 223  | Country
Wales | 2020-07-13[472] | 112  | 2020-10-23[473] | 2020-11-09[473] | 17  | 2020-12-20[474] | 2021-03-13[475][476][lower-alpha 41] | 83 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 212
North West  | 2020-12-31[477] | 2021-03-29  | 88  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 88  | Region
North East  | 2020-12-31[477] | 2021-03-29  | 88  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 88
East Midlands  | 2020-12-31[477] | 2021-03-29  | 88  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 88
West Midlands  | 2020-12-31[477] | 2021-03-29  | 88  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 88
Norfolk  | 2020-12-26[478] | 2021-03-29  | 93  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 93  | County
Suffolk  | 2020-12-26[479] | 2021-03-29  | 93  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 93
Cambridgeshire  | 2020-12-26[480] | 2021-03-29  | 93  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 93
Essex  | 2020-12-26[481] | 2021-03-29  | 93  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 93
London area  | 2020-12-20[482] | 2021-03-29  | 99  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 99  | City
Kent & South East  | 2020-12-20[482] | 2021-03-29  | 99  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 99  | Region
Leicester | 2020-06-30[483] | 2020-07-24[484] | 24  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 24  | County
Glasgow |  |  |  | 2020-11-20[485] | 2020-12-11[485] | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21
East Renfrewshire |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Renfrewshire |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
East Dunbartonshire |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
West Dunbartonshire |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North Lanarkshire |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South Lanarkshire |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
East Ayrshire |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South Ayrshire |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
West Lothian |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stirling |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States | California | 2020-03-19[486] | 2021-06-15[487] | 453  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 453  | State
Connecticut | 2020-03-23[488] | 2020-04-22[489] | 30  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30  | State
Illinois | 2020-03-21[490] | 2020-05-30[491] | 70  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 70
Kansas City in Kansas | 2020-03-24[492] | 2020-04-19[493] | 26  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 26  | City
Massachusetts | 2020-03-24[494] | 2020-05-04[494] | 41  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 41  | State
Michigan | 2020-03-24[495] | 2020-04-13[489] | 20  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20
New York | 2020-03-22[496] | 2020-06-13[497] | 83  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 83
Oregon | 2020-03-24[498] | 2020-05-15[499] | 53  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 53
Wisconsin | 2020-03-24[500] | 2020-05-13[501] | 50  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 50
Venezuela | 2020-03-17[502] | 2020-05-13  | 57  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 57  | National
Vietnam | Nationwide  | 2020-04-01[503] | 2020-04-22[504] | 21  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21
Da Nang |  |  | 2020-07-28[505] | 2020-09-05[506] | 39  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 60  | City
Hai Duong |  |  | 2021-02-16[507] | 2021-03-02  | 14  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 35  | Province, Chi Linh city lockdown began from 28 January.
Bac Ninh |  |  | 2021-05-18[508][509] |  | 23  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 23  | 4 districts and 1 city
Bac Giang |  |  | 2021-05-18[510][511] |  | 23  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6 districts
Zimbabwe | 2020-03-30[512] | 2020-05-02[513] | 33  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33  | National

Notes

1. ↑ Restrictions were further eased on the 1st of June 2021, however during the time between then and the 12th of May 2021, "Stay at home orders" were not active and hence this period didn't constitute what is internationally considered a "lockdown".
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Stage 3 lockdown imposed on 8 July; Stage 4 lockdown imposed on 2 August 2020
3. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
4. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
5. ↑ All of Victoria except Melbourne, Greater Shepparton, Ballarat, Greater Geelong, Surf Coast Shire and Mitchell Shire
6. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
7. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
8. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
9. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
10. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
11. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
12. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
13. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
14. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
15. ↑ Applies for all others Regional NSW outside Greater Sydney, Hunter Region, Dubbo, Central West, South Coast, Goulburn, Queanbeyan-Palerang and Snowy Monaro
16. ↑ Applies for all South Coast except Bega Valley after 16/09/2021
17. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
18. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
19. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
20. ↑ End-date of lockdown is subject to the vaccine rollout or 0 cases for 14 days. Restrictions are set to be eased when 70% of the eligible population has been vaccinated
21. ↑ Applies for further measures in each Australian state and territory
22. ↑ Initially to last until 13 April 2020, included closures of universities, schools, restaurants and other establishments, a ban on mass gatherings, suspension of sports competitions for more than two months, certain temporary restrictions on the free movement of citizens, but no strict "Stay at home order".[203] A number of lockdown measures were already eased or lifted in April[204] and May 2020.[205]
23. ↑ Depending on the strictness of the definition for a lockdown; some sources such as Politico Europe consider it to have ended by 9 May, with a total duration of 57 days.[208]
24. ↑ Closures of all educational institutions, restaurants and other establishments, a ban on most cultural events, all excursions and forms of group tourism, children forbidden to participate in organized sports events, no "Stay at home order", described as a "soft" or "partial" lockdown and officially entered into force at 23:30 on 27 November.[211]
25. ↑ The lockdown was initially to end on 21 December 2020, but was subsequently extended until 31 January 2021, though with a few of the restrictions relaxed, such as children in kindergartens and in grades 1-4 being able to attend in-person classes from January 2021.
26. ↑ Preceded by some measures on the regional level, no "Stay at home order".[214]
27. ↑ Lockdown was started in Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria on 20 March 2020. Two days later, it was expanded to the whole of Germany[260]
28. ↑ A national stay-at-home order was officially declared on 27 March
29. ↑ A full third lockdown was declared from 30 December and was repeatedly extended.
30. ↑ Lockdown was first started in Northern Italy on 8 March 2020, then expanded to the rest of Italy the following day
31. ↑ The lockdown was suspended on 28, 29, 30 December 2020 and 4 January 2021
32. ↑ Lockdown was started in the regions of Erongo and Khomas but effectively enforced countrywide. On 14 April the lockdown was extended to 4 May and to all of Namibia.
33. ↑ Except in Cebu City only where it was extended to 16 days
34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Lockdown was extended to areas under high risk COVID-19 zones
35. ↑ Lockdown was started in Metro Manila, but expanded to the rest of Luzon two days later, 17 March 2020
36. ↑ In most Luzon areas only, except Metro Manila and selected areas of Luzon are on high risk COVID-19 zones
37. ↑ Lockdown was extended to Metro Manila and remaining areas of Luzon
38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 Metro Manila, Bulacan, Cavite and Rizal only.
39. ↑ Applies for mandatory holidays and further measures in each Russian region
40. ↑ England has followed an incremental easing of restrictions since 8 March 2021. Most lockdown restrictions were lifted between March and June, July 19 is the date set for the expiry of most legal restrictions in England. Although some sources describe this date as the "end" of lockdown, March 28 was the date in which the "stay at home orders" were ended. This fits the most internationally accepted definition of what constitutes a lockdown.
41. ↑ Most lockdown restrictions were lifted between March and June. March 13 was the date in which the "stay at home orders" were ended. This fits the most internationally accepted definition of what constitutes a lockdown.

In the table pandemic lockdowns are defined as the shutdown of parts of the economy,[514] due to non-pharmaceutical anti-pandemic measures and are enforceable by law like:

* Closing of schools and kindergartens
* Closing of non-essential shops (shops and stores apart from food, doctors and drug stores)
* Closing of non-essential production
* Cancellation of recreational venues and closing of public places
* Curfews
* Stay-at-home orders and total movement control

These measures are considered to have caused the COVID-19 recession in 2020.[515] The table does not contain:

* Measures with smaller economic impacts like:
* border closures
* social distancing measures and social movement restrictions
* travel restrictions.
* Other non-pharmaceutical anti-pandemic measures like mandatory quarantines after travel, self quarantine and social distancing measures
* Any measures which are voluntary rather than enforceable by law

The pandemic has resulted in the largest number of shutdowns/lockdowns worldwide at the same time in history.[citation needed]. By 26 March, 1.7 billion people worldwide were under some form of lockdown,[516] which increased to 3.9 billion people by the first week of April – more than half of the world's population.[517][518]

Major restrictions first began in China,[519] with other countries in East Asia like Vietnam soon following it in implementing widespread containment measures. Much of Europe, North America and Africa took much longer to bring in tough measures. Lockdowns between and within nations are of varying stringency.[520]

A drive through COVID-19 testing site in South Korea in February 2020. South Korea did not implement any lockdown measures; its K-Quarantine strategy included rapidly developing mass testing capacity and infrastructure.

By mid April, nearly 300 million people, or about 90 per cent of the population, were under some form of lockdown in the United States,[521] with around 100 million in the Philippines[522] and about 59 million in South Africa,[523] while around 1.3 billion were under lockdown in India, which was the largest of all lockdowns.[524][525]

By the end of April, around 300 million people were under lockdown in various countries of Europe, including but not limited to Italy, Spain, France, and the United Kingdom; while around 200 million people were under lockdown in Latin America.[522]

## See also[edit | edit source]

* Cordon sanitaire (medicine)
* COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines
* COVID-19 lockdown in China
* COVID-19 lockdown in India
* COVID-19 lockdown in Italy
* Flattening the curve
* List of species named after the COVID-19 pandemic (including lockdowns)
* Malaysian movement control order
* National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic
* Preventive action
* Stay-at-home order
* Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic

## References[edit | edit source]

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465. ↑ Coronavirus: Shops in Scotland to reopen from 29 June 18 June 2020 www.bbc.co.uk, accessed 31 October 2020
466. ↑ Scotland tightens Covid rules at Christmas 19 December 2020 www.bbc.co.uk, accessed 19 December 2020
467. ↑ "Hairdressers to reopen on 5 April as rules ease". 16 March 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
468. ↑ Coronavirus: NI's hotels and bars can reopen from 3 July 15 June 2020 www.bbc.co.uk, accessed 1 November 2020
469. ↑ 469.0 469.1 "Coronavirus: NI to face new lockdown measures from next Friday". 19 November 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021 - via www.bbc.co.uk.
470. ↑ "Coronavirus: NI facing six-week lockdown from 26 December". 17 December 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021 - via www.bbc.co.uk.
471. ↑ "Stay-at-home order lifted as restrictions ease". BBC News. 12 April 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
472. ↑ Coronavirus in Wales: Pubs and restaurants can open outdoors from 13 July 2 July 2020 www.bbc.co.uk, accessed 1 November 2020
473. ↑ 473.0 473.1 "Covid: Wales to go into 'firebreak' lockdown from Friday". BBC News. 19 October 2020. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
474. ↑ "Covid: Two household limit at Christmas to be made law in Wales". BBC News. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
475. ↑ "Covid: Most of Wales' coronavirus rules to end Saturday". 6 August 2021 - via www.bbc.co.uk.
476. ↑ "Stay local – Wales takes first steps out of lockdown". GOV.WALES. 12 March 2021.
477. ↑ 477.0 477.1 477.2 477.3 "Coronavirus: Businesses 'devastated' by New Year's Eve tier 4 move". 31 December 2020 - via www.bbc.co.uk.
478. ↑ "Covid-19 tiers: Norfolk moves to tier 4 from 26 December". 23 December 2020 - via www.bbc.co.uk.
479. ↑ "Covid-19 tiers: Suffolk moves to tier 4 from 26 December". 23 December 2020 - via www.bbc.co.uk.
480. ↑ "Covid-19 tier 4: Cambridgeshire moves to tougher restrictions". 23 December 2020 - via www.bbc.co.uk.
481. ↑ "Covid-19: Essex moves to highest tier 4 restrictions". 23 December 2020 - via www.bbc.co.uk.
482. ↑ 482.0 482.1 "London Put in Emergency Lockdown as U.K. Fights New Strain". Bloomberg.com. 19 December 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
483. ↑ "Leicester lockdown tightened as coronavirus cases rise". 30 June 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021 - via www.bbc.co.uk.
484. ↑ "Coronavirus: Reopening shops during Leicester lockdown 'pointless'". 24 July 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021 - via www.bbc.co.uk.
485. ↑ 485.0 485.1 Covid in Scotland: Level 4 lockdown to be imposed in 11 council areas 18 November 2020 www.bbc.co.uk accessed 19 November 2020
486. ↑ Jennifer Calfas; Margherita Stancati; Chuin-Wei Yap (20 March 2020). "California Orders Lockdown for State's 40 Million Residents". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
487. ↑ "As California Fully Reopens, Governor Newsom Announces Plans to Lift Pandemic Executive Orders". California Governor. 11 June 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
488. ↑ Associated Press; NBC (20 March 2020). "Coronavirus Outbreak Latest: No New Cases in Wuhan; US States Order Lockdowns". NBC Connecticut. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
489. ↑ 489.0 489.1 Perper, Rosle; Al-Arshani, Sarah; Secon, Holly (27 March 2020). "Nearly a third of Americans are now under orders to stay home — here's a running list of coronavirus lockdowns in US states and cities". Business Insider. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
490. ↑ Petrella, Dan; St. Clair, Stacy; Johnson, Steve; Pratt, Gregory (20 March 2020). "Gov. J.B. Pritzker issues order requiring residents to 'stay at home' starting Saturday". Chicago Tribune. Chicago. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
491. ↑ Ahern, Mary Ann (23 April 2020). "Illinois' Stay-at-Home Order Modified, Extended Through May, Pritzker Announces". NBC 5 Chicago. Archived from the original on 24 April 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
492. ↑ Carpenter, Tim; Smith, Sherman (21 March 2020). "Kansas coronavirus update: 30-day quarantine ordered for KC; state records second death, 55 cases". The Topeka Capital-Journal. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
493. ↑ Hauck, Grace; Reyes, Lorenzo; L. Ortiz, Jorge (21 March 2020). "'Stay Home, Stay Healthy': These states have ordered residents to avoid nonessential travel amid coronavirus". USA Today. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
494. ↑ 494.0 494.1 Impelli, Matthew (9 April 2020). "Which State Lockdowns in the U.S. Have Been Extended?". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 26 April 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
495. ↑ "Michigan governor issues 'stay-at-home' order as COVID-19 cases increase". WDIV-TV. 23 March 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
496. ↑ Stracqualursi, Veronica (20 March 2020). "Cuomo orders all nonessential New York workers to stay home". CNN. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
497. ↑ Lardieri, Alexa (15 May 2020). "Lockdown extended for most of coronavirus-battered New York". CBS News. Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
498. ↑ Rogoway, Mike (23 March 2020). "Oregon governor issues 'stay home' order to enforce coronavirus restrictions". The Oregonian. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
499. ↑ Sickinger, Ted (7 May 2020). "Oregon reopening starts May 15 under governor's coronavirus plan". OregonLive. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
500. ↑ "Wisconsin Governor Issues Order Closing Businesses". NBC Chicago. 24 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
501. ↑ "Wisconsin Supreme Court Overturns The State's Stay-At-Home Orders". NPR. 13 May 2020.
502. ↑ "Venezuela's to implement nationwide quarantine as coronavirus cases rise to 33". Reuters. 16 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
503. ↑ "Vietnam: Borders closed with Laos and Cambodia as nationwide lockdown implemented April 1". GardaWorld. 2 April 2020. Archived from the original on 31 May 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
504. ↑ Fages, Véronique Maeva (29 May 2020). "Here are 4 ways Viet Nam has managed to control COVID-19". World Economic Forum. Archived from the original on 31 May 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2020. "Vietnam relied on four relatively cost-effective solutions to combat the virus, including strategic testing, contact tracing through apps and effective public communication campaigns. As well as these, it implemented a national lockdown between 1st and 22nd April."
505. ↑ "Da Nang to introduce social distancing measures from 0:00 hour on July 28". People's Army Newspaper. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
506. ↑ "Crawl back to normalcy: Da Nang after social distancing eased". VnExpress. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
507. ↑ "Hai Duong urged to implement COVID-19 combat measures on wider scale". Vietnamplus. 15 February 2021. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
508. ↑ "TP Bắc Ninh cách ly xã hội 220.000 người từ 6h ngày 18-5". Tuoitre (in Tiếng Việt). 18 May 2021. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
509. ↑ "Đến 15h ngày 20/5, Bắc Ninh cách ly xã hội 4 huyện, thành phố". moh.gov.vn (in Tiếng Việt).
510. ↑ "Bắc Giang: Tạm dừng hoạt động 4 KCN, cách ly xã hội huyện Việt Yên". Bacgiang (in Tiếng Việt). 18 May 2021. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
511. ↑ "Bắc Giang cách ly xã hội thêm huyện Lạng Giang, Lục Nam và Yên Dũng". Bacgiang (in Tiếng Việt).
512. ↑ "Zimbabwe Begins Lockdown to Fight COVID19". voanews.com. 30 March 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
513. ↑ "Zimbabwe president extends coronavirus lockdown by two more weeks". Yahoo News. Reuters. 19 April 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
514. ↑ "Europe's coronavirus lockdown measures compared". Politico. 31 March 2020. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
515. ↑ "Economic Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic". Copenhagen Economics. Copenhagen Economics. Archived from the original on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
516. ↑ Jones S, Kassam A (26 March 2020). "Spain defends response to coronavirus as global cases exceed 500,000". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
517. ↑ "Coronavirus: Half of humanity now on lockdown as 90 countries call for confinement". Euronews. 3 April 2020. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
518. ↑ "How the world locked down due to Covid-19". Business Insider. 28 March 2020. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
519. ↑ Langton, Kaisha (20 April 2020). "China lockdown: How long was China on lockdown?". Daily Express. Archived from the original on 20 April 2020. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
520. ↑ "A third of the global population is on coronavirus lockdown—here's our constantly updated list of countries and restrictions". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 25 April 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
521. ↑ "About 90% of Americans have been ordered to stay at home. This map shows which cities and states are under lockdown". Business Insider. 2 April 2020. Archived from the original on 13 May 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
522. ↑ 522.0 522.1 "What Share of the World Population Is Already on COVID-19 Lockdown?". Statista. 23 April 2020. Archived from the original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
523. ↑ Chutel L, Dahir AL. "With Most Coronavirus Cases in Africa, South Africa Locks Down". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 14 May 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
524. ↑ Nair S (29 March 2020). "For a billion Indians, lockdown has not prevented tragedy". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 9 April 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
525. ↑ "Chaos and hunger amid India coronavirus lockdown". Al Jazeera. 27 March 2020. Archived from the original on 11 May 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020.

* v
* t
* e

COVID-19 pandemic

* COVID-19 (disease)
* SARS-CoV-2 (virus)

Timeline

| Pre-pandemic|

* Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
* Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
* Crimson Contagion
* Disease X
* Event 201
* Exercise Cygnus
* 2019

|

2020|

* January
* responses
* February
* responses
* March
* responses
* April
* responses
* May
* responses
* June
* responses
* July
* responses
* August
* responses
* September
* responses
* October
* responses
* November
* responses
* December
* responses

2021|

* January
* responses
* February
* responses
* March
* responses
* April
* responses
* May
* responses
* June
* responses
* July
* responses
* August
* responses
* September
* responses
* October
* responses
* November
* responses
* December
* responses

2022|

* January
* responses
* February
* responses
* March
* responses
* April
* responses
* May
* responses
* June
* responses
* July
* responses
* August
* responses
* September
* responses
* October
* responses
* November
* December

2023 and after|

* 2023
* 2024

Locations

* Africa
* Asia
* Europe
* North America
* Oceania
* South America
* Antarctica
* Cruise ships
* Naval ships

Impact

| Culture and
entertainment|

| Arts and
cultural heritage|

* References in popular culture
* Cinema
* films affected
* Corona-chan
* Disney
* Fashion industry
* Music industry
* Performing arts
* Television
* U.S.
* U.S. sports
* programs affected
* Video games

|

Education|

* Female education
* Homeschooling

By country|

* Ghana
* Ireland
* United Kingdom
* exam grading controversy
* United States

Sports|

* Bio-secure bubble

By country|

* Ireland
* Philippines

By sport|

* Association football
* Baseball
* Basketball
* NBA
* Combat sports
* Cricket
* Disc golf
* Gaelic games
* Gridirion football (NCAAF, NFL, and CFL)
* Ice hockey
* Motorsport
* Rugby league

Society
and rights|

| Social impact|

* Social media
* Stigma
* COVID-19 parties
* Children
* foster care in the U.S.

|

Labor|

* Healthcare workers
* Indian migrant workers
* Great Resignation
* Strikes

Human rights|

* Argentina
* Hong Kong
* Myanmar
* North Korea
* Turkmenistan

Legal|

* Abortion in the U.S.
* Crime
* Domestic violence
* Prisons
* U.S. immigration detention

Minority|

* Gender
* LGBT community
* African communities
* Disability community
* Native American communities
* Xenophobia and racism

Religion|

* Catholic Church
* Hajj

Economic|

* Charitable activity
* COVID-19 scams
* Travel restrictions

By country|

* Canada
* India
* Ireland
* COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment
* Malaysia
* New Zealand
* Russia
* U.K.
* U.S.

By industry|

* Aviation
* Airlines
* Cannabis industry
* Food industry
* meat industry in Canada
* meat industry in the U.S.
* restaurant industry in the U.S.
* Hospitals
* ICU capacity
* Long-term care facilities
* Mink farming
* Public transport
* Retail
* Tourism

Supply and trade|

* Shortages
* Chip supply
* Energy
* Global supply chain
* Oil price war
* Food security

Financial markets|

* Global stock market crash
* COVID-19 recession
* Inflation

Information|

* Journalism
* Media coverage
* Wikipedia's response

Misinformation|

* Governments
* China
* United States
* By country
* Canada
* Philippines
* Ivermectin
* Plandemic

Politics|

* National responses
* Legislation
* European Union

Political impact|

* Ireland
* Malaysia
* Russia

Protests|

* Canada
* convoy protest
* China
* Italy
* Germany
* Idar-Oberstein shooting
* the Netherlands
* New Zealand
* Serbia
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Open the States

International relations|

* Aid
* Italy
* Moldovan–Romanian collaboration
* Nicaragua–Taiwan relations
* Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan
* Vaccine diplomacy

Language|

* Anthropause
* Doomscrolling
* Flattening the curve
* Green recovery
* Long COVID
* Quarantini
* Social distancing
* Superspreader
* Twindemic
* Zero-COVID
* Zoom
* Zoom towns

Others|

* Animals
* Cluster 5
* Environment
* Military
* Pregnant women
* Science and technology

Health issues

| Medical topics|

* Transmission
* Symptoms
* Cancer
* Endemic COVID-19
* Skin manifestations
* Long COVID
* Mental health
* neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes
* Pregnancy
* Non-COVID-19–related health issues
* Shortages
* Raise the line
* Rehabilitation
* Unproven medical methods

|

Testing and
epidemiology|

* Datasets
* Death rates by country
* Disease testing
* Breathalyzer
* Operation Moonshot
* Test to Release
* UK Rapid Test Consortium
* AbC-19 rapid antibody test
* investigations into the origins
* lab leak theory
* Rapid antigen test
* Software
* Surveillance
* Undercounting COVID-19 deaths

Apps|

* Aarogya Setu
* BlueTrace
* careFIJI
* Coronavirus Australia
* Corona-Warn-App
* COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application
* COVID Alert (Canada)
* COVID AlertSA (South Africa)
* COVIDSafe
* COVID Tracker Ireland
* Covid Watch
* Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing
* Exposure Notification
* Health Code
* Healthy Together
* Immuni
* Koronavilkku
* LeaveHomeSafe
* MySejahtera
* NHS COVID-19
* NZ COVID Tracer
* NZ Pass Verifier
* PathCheck
* PeduliLindungi
* SafeEntry
* SafePass
* StaySafe.ph
* SwissCovid
* TCN Protocol
* Test, Trace, Protect
* Thai Chana
* TousAntiCovid
* TraceTogether
* Valtrace
* Zoe Health Study

Prevention|

* Air purifier (Corsi–Rosenthal Box)
* Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine
* COVID fatigue
* Evacuations
* Face masks
* Anti-mask sentiment
* United States
* Flattening the curve
* Great Barrington Declaration
* International aid
* Lockdowns
* Public health mitigation
* Safe Hands Challenge
* Social distancing
* Workplace hazard controls
* Zero-COVID

Vaccines|

| Topics|

* Authorizations
* Clinical research
* Deployment
* Development
* EU Certificate
* Misinformation and hesitancy
* Deaths of anti-vaccine advocates
* US
* Operation Warp Speed (U.S.)
* Post-vaccination complications
* Vaccine card
* Vaccine passports

|

Authorized|

| DNA|

* ZyCoV-D

|

Inactivated|

* Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
* CoronaVac
* Covaxin
* COVIran Barekat
* CoviVac (Russia)
* FAKHRAVAC
* Minhai
* QazCovid-in
* Sinopharm BIBP
* Sinopharm WIBP
* Turkovac
* Valneva

mRNA|

* Moderna
* Pfizer–BioNTech

Subunit|

* Abdala
* Corbevax (Bio E COVID-19)
* COVAX-19
* EpiVacCorona
* IndoVac
* MVC
* Noora
* Novavax
* Razi Cov Pars
* Sinopharm CNBG
* Soberana 02
* Soberana Plus
* ZF2001 (Zifivax)

Viral vector|

* Convidecia
* Janssen
* Oxford–AstraZeneca
* Sputnik V
* Sputnik Light

Virus-like particles|

* CoVLP

In trials|

| Attenuated|

* COVI-VAC (United States)

|

DNA|

* AG0302-COVID‑19
* GX-19
* Inovio

Inactivated|

* KD-414
* NDV-HXP-S

RNA|

* ARCT-021
* ARCT-154
* Bangavax
* CureVac (terminated)
* HGC019
* mRNA-1283
* PTX-COVID19-B
* Sanofi–Translate Bio (terminated)
* Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine
* Walvax

Subunit|

* 202-CoV
* AKS-452
* EuCorVac-19
* IVX-411
* Nanocovax
* ReCOV
* Sanofi–GSK
* S-268019
* SCB-2019
* SCTV01C
* Skycovione
* UB-612
* V-01
* V451 (terminated)
* Vabiotech
* West China Hospital
* Zhongyianke Biotech–Liaoning Maokangyuan Biotech

Viral vector|

* AdCLD-CoV19
* BriLife
* COH04S1
* DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT
* GRAd-COV2
* ImmunityBio
* iNCOVACC
* INNA-051
* NDV-HXP-S
* Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine

Virus-like particles|

* ABNCoV2
* LYB001
* MigVax-101
* VBI-2902

Deployment
by location|

| Africa|

* Algeria
* Angola
* Benin
* Botswana
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cameroon
* Cape Verde
* Cameroon
* Chad
* Comoros
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Djibouti
* Egypt
* Equatorial Guinea
* Eswatini
* Ghana
* Morocco
* Nigeria
* Senegal
* South Africa
* Zimbabwe

|

Asia|

* Bangladesh
* Bhutan
* Mainland China
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Israel
* Japan
* Kazakhstan
* Malaysia
* Nepal
* Philippines
* Russia
* Singapore
* South Korea
* Sri Lanka
* Taiwan
* Thailand
* Turkey
* United Arab Emirates
* Vietnam

Europe|

* Albania
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Denmark
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Italy
* Moldova
* Norway
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom

North America|

* Canada
* Ontario
* Quebec
* Cuba
* Haiti
* Mexico
* United States
* mandates

Oceania|

* Australia
* Fiji
* New Zealand

South America|

* Argentina
* Brazil
* Colombia
* Peru

Others|

* Antarctica

Treatment|

* Drug development
* Drug repurposing research
* Baricitinib
* Dexamethasone
* Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
* Open-source ventilator
* PANORAMIC trial (UK)
* RECOVERY Trial (UK)
* Solidarity trial (WHO)

Monoclonal antibodies|

* Bamlanivimab/etesevimab
* Bamlanivimab
* Etesevimab
* Bebtelovimab
* Casirivimab/imdevimab
* Regdanvimab
* Sarilumab
* Sotrovimab
* Tixagevimab/cilgavimab
* Tocilizumab

Small molecule antivirals|

* Broad-spectrum
* Ensitrelvir
* Molnupiravir
* Remdesivir
* Co-packaged
* Nirmatrelvir
* ritonavir

Variants

| Specific|

* Alpha
* Beta
* Gamma
* Delta
* Epsilon
* Zeta
* Eta
* Theta
* Iota
* Kappa
* Lambda
* Mu
* Omicron
* timeline

|

General|

* Cluster 5
* Lineage B.1.617
* Lineage B.1.640.2
* Variant of concern

Institutions

| Hospitals and
medical clinics|

| Mainland China|

* Central Hospital of Wuhan
* Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre
* Fangcang hospitals
* Huoshenshan Hospital
* Leishenshan Hospital
* Xinjia Express Hotel
* Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital

|

Others|

* Hospital ships
* Garran Surge Centre (Australia)
* Hospital El Salvador
* SevenHills Hospital (India)
* Kemayoran Athletes Village (Indonesia)
* Pyongyang General Hospital (North Korea)
* Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang (Malaysia)
* Mega Ligtas COVID Centers (Philippines)
* Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre (Sri Lanka)
* Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital (Turkey)
* Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital (Turkey)
* COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom
* NHS Nightingale Hospitals (England)
* Birmingham
* London
* North East
* North West
* Yorkshire and the Humber
* NHS Louisa Jordan (Scotland)
* Dragon's Heart Hospital (Wales)

Organizations|

| Global|

|

By location|

* National Cabinet (Australia)
* ScienceUpFirst (Canada)
* Wuhan Institute of Virology (China)
* Independent SAGE (United Kingdom)

Health
institutes|

* Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (African Union)
* Ghana Infectious Disease Centre (Ghana)
* Department of Health (Hong Kong)
* Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (South Korea)
* National Institute for Communicable Diseases (South Africa)
* Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (Taiwan)

Pandemic
institutes|

* National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board (Australia)
* COVID-19 Immunity Task Force (Canada)
* COVID-19 Supply Council (Canada)
* PREPARE (European Union)
* National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19 (India)
* COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force (Indonesia)
* National Public Health Emergency Team (Ireland)
* Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting (Japan)
* Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre (Malaysia)
* Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee (Philippines)
* Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Philippines)
* Central Epidemic Command Center (Taiwan)
* Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board (Turkey)
* COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium (United Kingdom)
* Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team (United Kingdom)
* Joint Biosecurity Centre (United Kingdom)
* Vaccine Taskforce (United Kingdom)
* COVID-19 Advisory Board (United States)
* Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups (United States)
* White House Coronavirus Task Force (United States)
* White House COVID-19 Response Team (United States)
* GACH (Uruguay)

Relief funds|

* PM CARES Fund (India)
* SAARC COVID-19 Emergency Fund (India)
* Artist Relief (United States)

People

| Medical
professionals|

* Ai Fen
* Corona Rintawan
* Li Wenliang
* Liu Wen
* Xie Linka
* Zhang Wenhong

|

Researchers|

* Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud
* Roberto Burioni
* Chen Wei
* Kizzmekia Corbett
* Andrea Crisanti
* Peter Daszak
* Christian Drosten
* Neil Ferguson
* Dale Fisher
* George F. Gao
* Azra Ghani
* Sarah Gilbert
* Guan Yi
* Kentaro Iwata
* Katalin Karikó
* Matt Keeling
* Trudie Lang
* Li Lanjuan
* W. Ian Lipkin
* Ma Xiaowei
* Shabir Madhi
* Allison McGeer
* Camilla Rothe
* Shi Zhengli
* Moncef Slaoui
* Mike Tildesley
* John Todd
* Wang Chen
* Wang Guangfa
* Drew Weissman
* Yuen Kwok-yung
* Zeng Guang
* Zhang Jixian
* Zhang Yongzhen
* Zhong Nanshan

Officials|

| WHO|

* Tedros Adhanom
(Director-General of the WHO)
* Bruce Aylward
(Team lead of WHO-China COVID-19 mission)
* Maria Van Kerkhove
(Technical Lead for COVID-19 response)
* Michael J. Ryan
(Executive Director of the WHO Health Emergencies Programme)

|

By location|

* Frank Atherton
(Wales)
* Ashley Bloomfield
(New Zealand)
* Catherine Calderwood
(Scotland)
* Chang Shan-chwen
(Taiwan)
* Anutin Charnvirakul
(Thailand)
* Chen Shih-chung
(Taiwan)
* Kenneth Chuang Yin-ching
(Taiwan)
* Victor Costache
(Romania)
* Fabrizio Curcio
(Italy)
* Carmen Deseda
(Puerto Rico)
* Jaap van Dissel
(the Netherlands)
* Christian Drosten
(Germany)
* Francisco Duque III
(Philippines)
* Anthony Fauci
(United States)
* Francesco Paolo Figliuolo
(Italy)
* Graça Freitas
(Portugal)
* Henrique Gouveia e Melo
(Portugal)
* Matt Hancock
(United Kingdom)
* Hamad Hasan
(Lebanon)
* Greg Hunt
(Australia)
* Tony Holohan
(Ireland)
* Jeong Eun-kyeong
(South Korea)
* Fahrettin Koca
(Turkey)
* Li Keqiang
(China)
* Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez
(Mexico)
* Michael McBride
(Northern Ireland)
* Oriol Mitjà
(Andorra)
* Zweli Mkhize
(South Africa)
* Doni Monardo
(Indonesia)
* Alma Möller
(Iceland)
* Saeed Namaki
(Iran)
* Ala Nemerenco
(Moldova)
* Nguyễn Thanh Long
(Vietnam)
* Noor Hisham Abdullah
(Malaysia)
* Ali Pilli
(Northern Cyprus)
* Daniel Salinas
(Uruguay)
* Jérôme Salomon
(France)
* Fernando Simón
(Spain)
* Gregor Smith
(Scotland)
* Su Ih-jen
(Taiwan)
* Łukasz Szumowski
(Poland)
* Theresa Tam
(Canada)
* Anders Tegnell
(Sweden)
* Þórólfur Guðnason
(Iceland)
* Sotiris Tsiodras
(Greece)
* Harsh Vardhan
(India)
* Víðir Reynisson
(Iceland)
* Carla Vizzotti
(Argentina)
* Vlad Voiculescu
(Romania)
* Chris Whitty
(United Kingdom)
* Lawrence Wong
(Singapore)
* Jeff Zients
(United States)

Others|

* Chen Qiushi
* Brett Crozier
* Fang Bin
* Fang Fang
* Joseph Ashitey Hammond
* Li Zehua
* Captain Tom Moore
* Qiu Menghuang
* Ren Zhiqiang

Deaths|

* List

Data (templates)

* Cases, deaths, recoveries by country
* WHO situation reports
* cases
* January 2020
* February 2020
* March 2020
* April 2020
* May 2020
* June 2020
* July 2020
* August 2020
* September 2020
* October 2020
* November 2020
* December 2020
* January 2021
* February 2021
* March 2021
* April 2021
* May 2021
* June 2021
* July 2021
* August 2021
* deaths
* World map by countries: confirmed per capita
* Hospital beds by country
* Lockdowns

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