Laws of logic

The Christian philosopher J.P. Moreland

A common and legitimate criticism of the atheist worldview is that atheism is irrational.[1] See also: Atheism and irrationality

According to the Christian philosopher J.P. Moreland:

“  |  There are three fundamental laws of logic. Suppose P is any indicative sentence, say, “It is raining.”

* The law of identity: P is P.
* The law of noncontradiction: P is not non-P.
* The law of the excluded middle: Either P or non-P.

The law of identity says that if a statement such as “It is raining” is true, then the statement is true. More generally, it says that the statement P is the same thing as itself and its different from everyhting else. Applied to all realty, the law of identity says that everything is itself and not something else.

The law of noncontradiction says that a statement such as “It is raining” cannot be both true and false in the same sense. Of course it could be raining in Missouri and not raining in Arizona, but the principle says that it cannot be raining and not raining at the same time in the same place.

The law of the excluded middle says that a statement such as “It is raining” is either true or false. There is no other alternative.

These fundamental laws are true principles governing reality and thought and are assumed by Scripture.[2]

|  ”

|
|

## See also[edit]

* Atheism and logic

## External links[edit]

* Three laws of logic

## References[edit]

1. ↑ Atheism by Matt Slick
* Putting the Atheist on the Defensive by Kenneth R. Samples, Christian Research Institute Journal, Fall 1991, and Winter 1992, page 7.
* Atheists don’t own reason by Tom Gilson
* Why the Burden of Proof is on the Atheist by Professor Ralph McInerny
* Theism, Atheism, and Rationality by Alvin Plantinga
2. ↑ What are the three laws of logic? by J.P. Moreland