List of elements by atomic properties

Short description: Wikipedia list article

This is a list of chemical elements and their atomic properties, ordered by Atomic number.

Since valence electrons are not clearly defined for the d-block and f-block elements, there not being a clear point at which further ionisation becomes unprofitable, a purely formal definition as number of electrons in the outermost shell has been used.

## Table

Z  | Name  | Symbol  | Average
atomic mass  | Electronegativity
(Pauling) | First Ionization
Energy (eV)  | Radii (pm)  | Valence
electrons

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Atomic | Van der Waals | Covalent
1 | Hydrogen | H | 1.007 | 2.2 | 13.59844 | 25 | 120 | 38 | 1
2 | Helium | He | 4.002602(2) | — | 24.58741 | 31 | 140 | 32 | 2
3 | Lithium | Li | 6.941(2) | 0.98 | 5.39172 | 145 | 182 | 134 | 1
4 | Beryllium | Be | 9.012182(3) | 1.57 | 9.3227 | 105 | — | 90 | 2
5 | Boron | B | 10.811(7) | 2.04 | 8.29803 | 85 | — | 82 | 3
6 | Carbon | C | 12.0107(8) | 2.55 | 11.2603 | 70 | 170 | 77 | 4
7 | Nitrogen | N | 14.0067(2) | 3.04 | 14.53414 | 65 | 155 | 75 | 5
8 | Oxygen | O | 15.9994(3) | 3.44 | 13.61806 | 60 | 152 | 73 | 6
9 | Fluorine | F | 18.9984032(5) | 3.98 | 17.42282 | 50 | 147 | 71 | 7
10 | Neon | Ne | 20.1797(6) | — | 21.5646 | 38 | 154 | 69 | 8
11 | Sodium | Na | 22.98976928(2) | 0.93 | 5.13908 | 180 | 227 | 154 | 1
12 | Magnesium | Mg | 24.3050(6) | 1.31 | 7.64624 | 150 | 173 | 130 | 2
13 | Aluminium | Al | 26.9815386(8) | 1.61 | 5.98577 | 125 | — | 118 | 3
14 | Silicon | Si | 28.0855(3) | 1.9 | 8.15169 | 110 | 210 | 111 | 4
15 | Phosphorus | P | 30.973762(2) | 2.19 | 10.48669 | 100 | 180 | 106 | 5
16 | Sulfur | S | 32.065(5) | 2.58 | 10.36001 | 100 | 180 | 102 | 6
17 | Chlorine | Cl | 35.453(2) | 3.16 | 12.96764 | 100 | 175 | 99 | 7
18 | Argon | Ar | 39.948(1) | — | 15.75962 | 71 | 188 | 97 | 8
19 | Potassium | K | 39.0983(1) | 0.82 | 4.34066 | 220 | 275 | 196 | 1
20 | Calcium | Ca | 40.078(4) | 1 | 6.11316 | 180 | — | 174 | 2
21 | Scandium | Sc | 44.955912(6) | 1.36 | 6.5615 | 160 | — | 144 | 2
22 | Titanium | Ti | 47.867(1) | 1.54 | 6.8281 | 140 | — | 136 | 2
23 | Vanadium | V | 50.9415(1) | 1.63 | 6.7462 | 135 | — | 125 | 2
24 | Chromium | Cr | 51.9961(6) | 1.66 | 6.7665 | 140 | — | 127 | 1
25 | Manganese | Mn | 54.938045(5) | 1.55 | 7.43402 | 140 | — | 139 | 2
26 | Iron | Fe | 55.845(2) | 1.83 | 7.9024 | 140 | — | 125 | 2
27 | Cobalt | Co | 58.933195(5) | 1.91 | 7.6398 | 135 | 163 | 121 | 2
28 | Nickel | Ni | 58.6934(4) | 1.88 | 7.881 | 135 | — | 126 | 2
29 | Copper | Cu | 63.546(3) | 1.9 | 7.72638 | 135 | 140 | 138 | 1
30 | Zinc | Zn | 65.38(2) | 1.65 | 9.3942 | 135 | 139 | 131 | 2
31 | Gallium | Ga | 69.723(1) | 1.81 | 5.9993 | 130 | 187 | 126 | 3
32 | Germanium | Ge | 72.63(1) | 2.01 | 7.8994 | 125 | — | 122 | 4
33 | Arsenic | As | 74.92160(2) | 2.18 | 9.7886 | 115 | 185 | 119 | 5
34 | Selenium | Se | 78.96(3) | 2.55 | 9.75238 | 115 | 190 | 116 | 6
35 | Bromine | Br | 79.904(1) | 2.96 | 11.81381 | 115 | 185 | 114 | 7
36 | Krypton | Kr | 83.798(2) | 3 | 13.99961 | 88 | 202 | 110 | 8
37 | Rubidium | Rb | 85.4678(3) | 0.82 | 4.17713 | 235 | — | 211 | 1
38 | Strontium | Sr | 87.62(1) | 0.95 | 5.6949 | 200 | — | 192 | 2
39 | Yttrium | Y | 88.90585(2) | 1.22 | 6.2171 | 180 | — | 162 | 2
40 | Zirconium | Zr | 91.224(2) | 1.33 | 6.6339 | 155 | — | 148 | 2
41 | Niobium | Nb | 92.90638(2) | 1.6 | 6.75885 | 145 | — | 137 | 1
42 | Molybdenum | Mo | 95.96(2) | 2.16 | 7.09243 | 145 | — | 145 | 1
43 | Technetium | Tc | [98] | 1.9 | 7.28 | 135 | — | 156 | 1
44 | Ruthenium | Ru | 101.07(2) | 2.2 | 7.3605 | 130 | — | 126 | 1
45 | Rhodium | Rh | 102.90550(2) | 2.28 | 7.4589 | 135 | — | 135 | 1
46 | Palladium | Pd | 106.42(1) | 2.2 | 8.3369 | 140 | 163 | 131
47 | Silver | Ag | 107.8682(2) | 1.93 | 7.5762 | 160 | 172 | 153 | 1
48 | Cadmium | Cd | 112.411(8) | 1.69 | 8.9938 | 155 | 158 | 148 | 2
49 | Indium | In | 114.818(3) | 1.78 | 5.78636 | 155 | 193 | 144 | 3
50 | Tin | Sn | 118.710(7) | 1.96 | 7.3439 | 145 | 217 | 141 | 4
51 | Antimony | Sb | 121.760(1) | 2.05 | 8.6084 | 145 | — | 138 | 5
52 | Tellurium | Te | 127.60(3) | 2.1 | 9.0096 | 140 | 206 | 135 | 6
53 | Iodine | I | 126.90447(3) | 2.66 | 10.45126 | 140 | 198 | 133 | 7
54 | Xenon | Xe | 131.293(6) | 2.6 | 12.1298 | 108 | 216 | 130 | 8
55 | Caesium | Cs | 132.9054519(2) | 0.79 | 3.8939 | 260 | — | 225 | 1
56 | Barium | Ba | 137.327(7) | 0.89 | 5.2117 | 215 | — | 198 | 2
57 | Lanthanum | La | 138.90547(7) | 1.1 | 5.5769 | 195 | — | 169 | 2
58 | Cerium | Ce | 140.116(1) | 1.12 | 5.5387 | 185 | — | — | 2
59 | Praseodymium | Pr | 140.90765(2) | 1.13 | 5.473 | 185 | — | — | 2
60 | Neodymium | Nd | 144.242(3) | 1.14 | 5.525 | 185 | — | — | 2
61 | Promethium | Pm | [145] | — | 5.582 | 185 | — | — | 2
62 | Samarium | Sm | 150.36(2) | 1.17 | 5.6436 | 185 | — | — | 2
63 | Europium | Eu | 151.964(1) | — | 5.6704 | 185 | — | — | 2
64 | Gadolinium | Gd | 157.25(3) | 1.2 | 6.1501 | 180 | — | — | 2
65 | Terbium | Tb | 158.92535(2) | — | 5.8638 | 175 | — | — | 2
66 | Dysprosium | Dy | 162.500(1) | 1.22 | 5.9389 | 175 | — | — | 2
67 | Holmium | Ho | 164.93032(2) | 1.23 | 6.0215 | 175 | — | — | 2
68 | Erbium | Er | 167.259(3) | 1.24 | 6.1077 | 175 | — | — | 2
69 | Thulium | Tm | 168.93421(2) | 1.25 | 6.18431 | 175 | — | — | 2
70 | Ytterbium | Yb | 173.054(5) | — | 6.25416 | 175 | — | — | 2
71 | Lutetium | Lu | 174.9668(1) | 1.27 | 5.4259 | 175 | — | 160 | 2
72 | Hafnium | Hf | 178.49(2) | 1.3 | 6.82507 | 155 | — | 150 | 2
73 | Tantalum | Ta | 180.94788(2) | 1.5 | 7.5496 | 145 | — | 138 | 2
74 | Tungsten | W | 183.84(1) | 2.36 | 7.864 | 135 | — | 146 | 2
75 | Rhenium | Re | 186.207(1) | 1.9 | 7.8335 | 135 | — | 159 | 2
76 | Osmium | Os | 190.23(3) | 2.2 | 8.4382 | 130 | — | 128 | 2
77 | Iridium | Ir | 192.217(3) | 2.2 | 8.967 | 135 | — | 137 | 2
78 | Platinum | Pt | 195.084(9) | 2.28 | 8.9587 | 135 | 175 | 128 | 1
79 | Gold | Au | 196.966569(4) | 2.54 | 9.2255 | 135 | 166 | 144 | 1
80 | Mercury | Hg | 200.59(2) | 2 | 10.4375 | 150 | 155 | 149 | 2
81 | Thallium | Tl | 204.3833(2) | 1.62 | 6.1082 | 190 | 196 | 148 | 3
82 | Lead | Pb | 207.2(1) | 2.33 | 7.41666 | 180 | 202 | 147 | 4
83 | Bismuth | Bi | 208.98040(1) | 2.02 | 7.2856 | 160 | — | 146 | 5
84 | Polonium | Po | [209] | 2 | 8.417 | 190 | — | — | 6
85 | Astatine | At | [210] | 2.2 |  | — | — | — | 7
86 | Radon | Rn | [222] | — | 10.7485 | 120 | — | 145 | 8
87 | Francium | Fr | [223] | 0.7 | 4.0727 | — | — | — | 1
88 | Radium | Ra | [226] | 0.9 | 5.2784 | 215 | — | — | 2
89 | Actinium | Ac | [227] | 1.1 | 5.17 | 195 | — | — | 2
90 | Thorium | Th | 232.03806(2) | 1.3 | 6.3067 | 180 | — | — | 2
91 | Protactinium | Pa | 231.03588(2) | 1.5 | 5.89 | 180 | — | — | 2
92 | Uranium | U | 238.02891(3) | 1.38 | 6.19405 | 175 | 186 | — | 2
93 | Neptunium | Np | [237] | 1.36 | 6.2657 | 175 | — | — | 2
94 | Plutonium | Pu | [244] | 1.28 | 6.0262 | 175 | — | — | 2
95 | Americium | Am | [243] | 1.3 | 5.9738 | 175 | — | — | 2
96 | Curium | Cm | [247] | 1.3 | 5.9915 |  |  |  | 2
97 | Berkelium | Bk | [247] | 1.3 | 6.1979 |  |  |  | 2
98 | Californium | Cf | [251] | 1.3 | 6.2817 |  |  |  | 2
99 | Einsteinium | Es | [252] | 1.3 | 6.42 |  |  |  | 2
100 | Fermium | Fm | [257] | 1.3 | 6.5 |  |  |  | 2
101 | Mendelevium | Md | [258] | 1.3 | 6.58 |  |  |  | 2
102 | Nobelium | No | [259] | 1.3 | 6.65 |  |  |  | 2
103 | Lawrencium | Lr | [266] | 1.3 | 4.9 |  |  |  | 3
104 | Rutherfordium | Rf | [267] |  | 6 |  |  |  |
105 | Dubnium | Db | [268] |  |  |  |  |  |
106 | Seaborgium | Sg | [269] |  |  |  |  |  |
107 | Bohrium | Bh | [270] |  |  |  |  |  |
108 | Hassium | Hs | [277] |  |  |  |  |  |
109 | Meitnerium | Mt | [278] |  |  |  |  |  |
110 | Darmstadtium | Ds | [281] |  |  |  |  |  |
111 | Roentgenium | Rg | [282] |  |  |  |  |  |
112 | Copernicium | Cn | [285] |  |  |  |  |  |
113 | Nihonium | Nh | [286] |  |  |  |  |  |
114 | Flerovium | Fl | [289] |  |  |  |  |  |
115 | Moscovium | Mc | [290] |  |  |  |  |  |
116 | Livermorium | Lv | [293] |  |  |  |  |  |
117 | Tennessine | Ts | [294] |  |  |  |  |  |
118 | Oganesson | Og | [294] |  |  |  |  |  |

[*] a few atomic radii are calculated, not experimental
[—] a long dash marks properties for which there is no data available
[ ] a blank marks properties for which no data has been found

* v
* t
* e

Periodic table

Periodic table forms|

| Standard|

* 18-column
* 32-column

|

Alternative|

* Alternatives
* Janet's left step table

Extended|

* Extension beyond the 7th period
* Aufbau
* Fricke
* Pyykkö

Sets of elements|

| By periodic table structure|

| Groups|

* 1 (Alkali metals)
* 2 (Alkaline earth metals)
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 8
* 9
* 10
* 11
* 12
* 13
* 14
* 15 (Pnictogens)
* 16 (Chalcogens)
* 17 (Halogens)
* 18 (Noble gases)

|

Periods|

* 1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 8+
* Aufbau
* Fricke
* Pyykkö

Blocks|

* s-block
* p-block
* d-block
* f-block
* g-block
* Aufbau principle

By metallicity|

| Metals|

* Alkali metals
* Alkaline earth metals
* Lanthanides
* Actinides
* Transition metals
* Post-transition metals

|

Metalloids|

* Lists of metalloids by source
* Dividing line

Nonmetals|

* Reactive nonmetals
* Noble gases

Other sets|

* Platinum-group metals (PGM)
* Rare-earth elements
* Refractory metals
* Precious metals
* Coinage metals
* Noble metal
* Heavy metals
* Native metals
* Transuranium elements
* Superheavy elements
* Major actinides
* Minor actinides

Elements|

| Lists|

* By: Abundance (in humans)
* Atomic properties
* Nuclear stability
* Production
* Symbol

|

Properties|

* Crystal structure
* Electron configuration
* Electronegativity
* Goldschmidt classification
* Term symbol

Data pages|

* Abundance
* Atomic radius
* Boiling point
* Critical point
* Density
* Elasticity
* Electrical resistivity
* Electron affinity
* Electron configuration
* Electronegativity
* Hardness
* Heat capacity
* Heat of fusion
* Heat of vaporization
* Ionization energy
* Melting point
* Oxidation state
* Speed of sound
* Thermal conductivity
* Thermal expansion coefficient
* Vapor pressure

History|

* Element discoveries
* Mendeleev's predictions
* Naming
* etymology
* controversies
* for places
* for people
* in East Asia

See also|

* IUPAC
* nomenclature
* systematic element name
* Trivial name
* Dmitri Mendeleev

* Book
* Category

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