List of Bronze Age states

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Further information: 4th millennium BC, 3rd millennium BC, and 2nd millennium BC

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Overview map of the world at the end of the 2nd millennium BC, color-coded by cultural stage:

Palaeolithic or Mesolithic hunter-gatherers

nomadic pastoralists

simple farming societies

complex farming societies (Old World Bronze Age, Andes)

state societies (Fertile Crescent, China)

The Bronze Age (c. 3300–1200 BC) marks the emergence of the first complex state societies, and by the Middle Bronze Age (mid-3rd millennium BC) the first empires. This is a list of Bronze Age polities.

By the end of the Bronze Age, complex state societies were mostly limited to the Fertile Crescent and to China, while Bronze Age tribal chiefdoms with less complex forms of administration were found throughout Bronze Age Europe and Central Asia, in the northern Indian subcontinent, and in parts of Mesoamerica and the Andes (although these latter societies were not in the Bronze Age cultural stage).

## Contents

* 1 West Asia
* 2 North Africa
* 3 Americas
* 4 Europe
* 5 Eurasian Steppe and Central Asia
* 6 East Asia
* 7 South Asia
* 8 See also
* 9 References
* 10 External links

## West Asia

Further information: List of cities of the ancient Near East

The Hittite Empire shown in blue, late Bronze Age, 1400 BC Name  | Capital  | State type  | Existed

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Ahhiyawa  | Milawata or Millawanda  | Kingdom  | 1450–1220 BC
Akkadian Empire  | Akkad  | Empire  | 2334–2193 BC
Amorite  | Various  | United kingdoms  | 2000–1595 BC
Arameans  | Various  | Tribal chiefdoms/kingdom  | 2300–700 BC
Arme-Shupria  | Van  | Kingdom  | 1290–1190 BC
Armi | Armi  | Kingdom city state/client  | 2290–40 BC
Arzawa | Apasa  | Confederation of principalities  | 2300–1200 BC
Assyria | Assur  | Kingdom  | 1975–934 BC
Assuwa league  | Various  | Confederation of city states  | 1300–1250 BC
Babylonia | Babylon  | Kingdom  | 1894–732 BC
Bashan | Bashan  | Confederation  | 1330–928 BC
Byblos | Byblos  | City state  | 1800–970 BC
Canaan | Various  | Confederation of city states  | 3500–1194 BC
Karuwa or Caria  | Apasa  | Kingdom  | 1250–560 BC
Dardania | Dardania  | Kingdom  | 1527–1183 BC
Dilmun  | Qal'at  | Kingdom  | 2600–675 BC
Ebla | Ebla  | Kingdom  | 3500–1600 BC
Edom | Rabbath Ammon  | Kingdom  | 1200–125 BC
Elam | Susa  | Kingdom  | 2700–1210 BC
Eshnuna  | Eshnunna  | Kingdom city state  | 2000 BC – 8th century BC
Ganhar  | Ganhar  | Kingdom city state  | c.2350 BC – 2250 BC
Gutium  | Arrapkha  | Kingdom  | 2141–2050 BC
Hatti  | Hattusa  | Principality city states  | 2700–1900 BC
Hayasa-Azzi | Samuha  | 2 Kingdom confederation  | 1500–1190 BC
Hitti | Hattussa  | Kingdom  | 1900–1600 BC
Hittite Empire | Hattusa  | Empire  | 1600–1178 BC
Hyksos  | Itjtawy, Thebes  | Confederacy  | 1800–1178 BC
Isuwa | not specified  | Kingdom  | 3000 – 12th c BC
Kassite  | ?  | Tribal federation  | c.21st c – 1750 BC
Kassite  | Babylon  | Kingdom  | 1750–1135 BC
Kaskia  | Zalpa, Nerik  | Tribal confederation/kingdom  | 1430–1200 BC
Kizzuwatna | Kummanni  | Kingdom  | 1600–1220 BC
Kussara  | Kussara  | Kingdom city states  | 1900–1650 BC
Lydia  | Sardis  | Kingdom  | 1200–680 BC
Lukka | Not specified  | Tribal kingdom  | 2000–1183 BC
Lullubi | Lulubuna  | Tribal kingdom  | 2400–650 BC
Luvia  |  | Tribal kingdom  | 2300–1400 BC
Magan | Not specified  | Kingdom  | 2200–550 BC
Ma'in | Ḥaram, Yathill  | Kingdom  | 1200–85 BC
Marhasi | Marhaši  | Kingdom city state  | 2900–1900 BC
Mari | Mari  | Kingdom city state  | 2900–1759 BC
Minoa  | Knossos  | Kingdom city states  | 2700–1420 BC
Mittani  | Washukanni  | Kingdom  | 1690–1300 BC
Mysia  | Pergamene  | Kingdom  | 1320–301 BC[1]
Namar  | Namar  | Kingdom  | 2350–750 BC
Moab | Dibon  | Kingdom  | 1300–400 BC
Pala  | ?  | Kingdom  | ???–1178 BC
Phoenicia | Various  | Kingdom city states  | 1800–539 BC
Phrygia | Gordium  | Kingdom  | 1200–547 BC
Purushanda  | Purušhanda  | Kingdom city state  | 2000–1650 BC
Qatna | Qatna  | City-State  | c.2000–1340 BC
Sam'al  | Samal  | Principality/kingdom  | 1200–680 BC
Sea Peoples  | Not specified  | Tribal confederacy  | c.2000–1175 BC
Sumer  | Various  | Kingdom city states  | 4500–1900 BC
Troas  | Troy  | Kingdom  | 3000–700 BC
Tyre | Tyre  | Kingdom city state  | 1500–990 BC
Ugarit  | Ugarit  | Kingdom city state  | 2500–1090 BC
Upper Mesopotamia | Assur  | Kingdom  | 1809–1776 BC
Urkesh | Urkesh  | Kingdom city state/client  | 2250–1350 BC
Wilusa  | Wilusa  | Kingdom city state  | c.2000–1180 BC
Yamhad | Halab  | Kingdom  | 1810–1525 BC
Zabshali  | Zalpa  | Kingdom city state  | c.2050–2000 BC
Zalpa  | Zalpa  | Kingdom city state/client  | 1830–1670 BC

## North Africa

Name  | Capital/s  | Type  | Existed

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Egypt  | Memphis, Thebes | Kingdom  | 3150–1550 BC
Egyptian Empire | Akhetaten, Pi-Ramesses, Thebes  | Empire  | 1550–1069 BC
Nubia  | Kerma  | Principalities[2] | 2500–15th century BC
Libu  | Not specified  | Tribal chiefdoms  | 1550–630 BC[3]
Punt | Not specified  | Kingdom  | 2400–1069 BC

## Americas

name  | capital  | state type  | existed

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Caral–Supe civilization  | Various  | city states  | 3500–1800 BC
Casma-Sechin  | Various  | city state  | 3600–200 BC
Maya  | Various  | Kingdom city states  | 2000 BC – 900 AD
Olmec  | La Venta  | Kingdom city states  | 1400–400 BC

## Europe

Name  | Capital/s  | Type  | Existed

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Athens  | Athens  | Kingdom city state  | 1556–1068 BC
Alba Longa  | Lavinium  | Kingdom  | 1200–753 BC
Alashiya  | Enkomi, Kalavasos  | Kingdom  | 1450–1050 BC
Crestonia  | Creston  | Principality  | 14th century BC – 431 BC
Elis  | Elis  | Kingdom  | 1300 BC – 431 BC
Lacedaemon  | Sparta  | Kingdom  | 1300–950 BC
Locria  | Amphissa, Naupactus  | Kingdom  | 1250–386 BC
Messenia  | Messene  | Kingdom  | 1300–724 BC
Minoa  | Knossos  | Kingdom city states  | 2700–1000 BC
Mycenaea | Mycenae  | Kingdom city states  | 1600–1100 BC
Mygdonia  | Not specified  | Tribal kingdom  | 16th century BC – 6th century BC
Pelasgia  | Pavlopetri[4] | Tribal kingdom  | 3000–1183 BC
Phrygia | Not specified  | Tribal kingdom  | 1450–1200 BC
Sea Peoples  | Not specified  | Tribal confederacy  | c. 2000 – 1175 BC
Sicani  | Not specified  | Tribal confederation  | c. 13th century – 300 BC
Thrace  | Various  | Tribal chiefdoms  | 1500–450 BC

## Eurasian Steppe and Central Asia

Name  | Capital  | Type  | Existed

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Bactria–Margiana | Gonur  | Tribal kingdoms  | 2300–1700 BC
Chorasmia  | Dzanbas-Kala, Toprak-Kala | Tribal confederation/kingdom  | 1292–180 BC
Cimmeria | Not specified  | Tribal confederation  | 1300–626 BC
Colchis | Phasis  | Kingdom  | 1300 BC – 2nd century AD
Donghu | Not specified  | Nomadic tribal confederation  | 1400–150 BC

## East Asia

Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationApproximate location of the territory of the Shang Kingdom within China name  | capital  | state type  | existed

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Ba | Yíchéng  | Tribal confederation  | 13th century BC – 311 BC
Gojoseon  | Asadal, Wanggeom-seong  | Kingdom  | 2333–108 BC
Qi  | Qi  | Dukedom  | 1600–445 BC
Qiang  | Not specified  | Tribal chiefdoms/confederation  | 2000 BC – 150 BC
Shang  | Anyang  | Kingdom  | 1600–1046 BC
Sumpa  | Not specified  | Tribal chiefdom/client  | 1600 BC – 7th century AD
Văn Lang  | Anyang  | Confederation/kingdom  | 2879–258 BC
Xia  | Yangcheng  | Kingdom  | 2205–1600 BC
Xu  | Gusu  | Viscountcy/client  | 2000–512 BC

## South Asia

Extent of various city states of the Harrapa Civilization by researcher Rajesh Rao. name  | capital  | state type  | existed

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Indus Valley civilization  | Harappa ?  | unclear  | 3300–1300 BC

## See also

* Copper Age state societies
* List of Iron Age states (c. 1200–600 BC)
* List of Classical Age states (c. 600 BC–200 AD)
* List of former sovereign states
* List of ancient great powers
* List of largest empires

## References

1. ↑ "Kingdoms of Anatolia". 2014. The History Files. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/AnatoliaMysia.htm. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
2. ↑ "Karmah Archaeological site (The Sudan)". Britannica Inc. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/312506/Karmah. Retrieved 11 August 2014.
3. ↑ Taylor, Francis. "Kingdoms of North Africa: Encyclopaedia of African History: Volume 1 A-G". 1999–2014. The History Files. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsAfrica/AfricaLibya.htm. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
4. ↑ "European Kingdoms Ancient Greece". 2014. The History Files. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/GreecePelasgians.htm. Retrieved 29 May 2014.

## External links

* History Files
* Livius Ancient History Articles
* World History Maps (individual) from 1300 BC to 1500 AD

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