North Carolina

North Carolina Capital  | Raleigh

|

Nickname  | The Tar Heel State

Official Language | English
Governor | Roy Cooper, D
Senator | Richard Burr, R
(202) 224-3154
Contact
Senator | Thom Tillis, R
(202) 224-6342
Contact

Population  | 10,600,000 (2020)

Ratification of Constitution/or statehood  | November 21, 1789 (12th)
| Motto: "Esse quam videri" (To be, rather than to seem)

North Carolina, is a swing state in the southeastern region of the United States. On November 21st, 1789, it became the twelfth state to enter into the union. North Carolina was part of the Confederate States of America, 1861–65. The capital of North Carolina is Raleigh and its largest city is Charlotte. President Trump twice won North Carolina, despite an influx of liberal northeasterners there.

North Carolina is the birthplace of two American presidents, James Polk and Andrew Johnson, both of whom left young. The most prominent recent conservative leader was Senator Jesse Helms. The state's two current Moderate Republican senators, Richard Burr and Thom Tillis, are fully unlike Helms in style and philosophy of government.

The U.S. Census Bureau estimates that the population of North Carolina was 9,943,964 on July 1, 2014, a 4.28% increase since the 2010 U.S. Census; currently North Carolina the eleventh-most populous state in the nation.[1][2]

The state Constitution of North Carolina, like all of the other 50 states, acknowledges God or our Creator or the Sovereign Ruler of the Universe. It says:

We, the people of the State of North Carolina, grateful to Almighty God, the Sovereign Ruler of Nations, for the preservation of the American Union and the existence of our civil, political and religious liberties, and acknowledging our dependence upon Him for the continuance of those blessings to us and our posterity, do, for the more certain security thereof and for the better government of this State, ordain and establish this Constitution.

## Contents

* 1 Seal
* 2 History
* 3 Current politics
* 4 Elected Officials
* 4.1 Federal
* 4.2 Statewide
* 5 External links
* 6 References
* 7 Bibliography
* 7.1 Surveys
* 7.2 Localities
* 7.2.1 Special topics
* 7.2.2 Pre 1920
* 7.2.3 Since 1920
* 7.3 Primary sources
* 7.4 Primary sources: governors and political leaders

## Seal[edit]

The Seal of the state of North Carolina contains two calendar dates: The first is May 20, 1775, which refers to the date of the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence and the other date April 12, 1776 refers to the Halifax Resolves.

## History[edit]

Among the last Republicans to be elected from North Carolina before Jim Crow Democrats seized control of the state in 1898 were Sen. Jeter C. Pritchard and congressman George Henry White. The two were at odds due to Pritchard's support for the lily-white movement which opposed the traditional "black and tan" Southern GOP faction.[3] However, Pritchard would be a staunch opponents of Jim Crow laws when he was a judge for the Fourth Circuit Court.

After GOP congressmen Charles A. Jonas and George M. Pritchard (the son of Jeter Pritchard) left Congress in 1931, no Republican was elected to either legislative chamber for twenty-two years; Jonas' son Charles R. Jonas was elected from a western congressional district in 1952 amidst the Eisenhower landslide that year, and served in the House for two decades before retiring.[3]

## Current politics[edit]

North Carolina typically favors Republican presidential candidates. Since 1968, only two Democrats have won the state in presidential elections: Jimmy Carter and Barack Hussein Obama. In the 2010 Midterm Elections, Republicans gained control of both chambers of the North Carolina Legislature for the first time in 202 years.

However, it is very much a purple state with Democrats doing well there, due to large liberal concentrations in Charlotte (the state's largest city) and in the Research Triangle area (location of its three major universities).

## Elected Officials[edit]

### Federal[edit]

* Sen. Thom Tillis (R)
* Sen. Richard Burr (R) (retiring in 2022)
* Rep. G. K. Butterfield [D, NC–01] (retiring in 2022)
* Rep. Deborah Ross [D, NC–02]
* Rep. Greg Murphy [R, N-03]
* Rep. David Price [D, NC–04] (retiring in 2022)
* Rep. Virginia Foxx [R, NC–05]
* Rep. Kathy Manning [D, NC–06]
* Rep. David Rouzer [R, NC–07]
* Rep. Richard Hudson [R, NC–08]
* Rep. Dan Bishop [NC–09]
* Rep. Patrick McHenry [R, NC–10]
* Rep. Madison Cawthorn [R, NC–11]
* Rep. Alma Adams [D, NC–12]
* Rep. Ted Budd [R, NC–13] (retiring in 2022) to run for senate

### Statewide[edit]

* Governor Roy Cooper (D)
* Lt. Governor Mark Robinson (R)
* Attorney General Josh Stein (D)
* Secretary of State Elaine Marshall (D)
* State Auditor Beth Wood (D)
* State Treasurer Dale Folwell (R)
* Agriculture Commissioner Steve Troxler (R)
* Insurance Commissioner Mike Causey (R)
* Labor Commissioner Cherie Berry (R)
* Public Instruction Superintendent Mark Johnson (R)

## External links[edit]

* The Crossing of Jesse Helms, Larry McDonald, Noelle Anne, and Little Stacy Marie

## References[edit]

1. ↑ Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 (English). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on 29 August 2015.
2. ↑ Hulsink, Willem; J. J. M. Dons (23 May 2008). Pathways to High-Tech Valleys and Research Triangles: Innovative Entrepreneurship, Knowledge Transfer and Cluster Formation in Europe and the United States (in English). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 1402083386. Retrieved on 29 August 2015. “North Carolina is the eleventh-most-populous state in the United States, and it ranks eighth largest in the United States in terms of manufacturing base.”
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Fascinating Politics (September 29, 2021). The Republican Families of Old North Carolina. Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History. Retrieved September 29, 2021.

## Bibliography[edit]

* Powell, William S. and Jay Mazzocchi, eds. Encyclopedia of North Carolina (2006) 1320pp; 2000 articles by 550 experts on all topics; ISBN 0807830712. The best starting point for most research.

### Surveys[edit]

* Clay, James, and Douglas Orr, eds., North Carolina Atlas: Portrait of a Changing Southern State U. of North Carolina Press, 1971
* Crow; Jeffrey J. and Larry E. Tise; Writing North Carolina History U. of North Carolina Press, (1979) online
* Fleer; Jack D. North Carolina Government & Politics University of Nebraska Press, (1994) online political science textbook
* Hawks; Francis L. History of North Carolina 2 vol 1857
* Kersey, Marianne M., and Ran Coble, eds., North Carolina Focus: An Anthology on State Government, Politics, and Policy, 2d ed., (Raleigh: North Carolina Center for Public Policy Research, 1989).
* Lefler; Hugh Talmage. A Guide to the Study and Reading of North Carolina History University of North Carolina Press, (1963) online
* Lefler, Hugh Talmage, and Albert Ray Newsome, North Carolina: The History of a Southern State University of North Carolina Press (1954, 1963, 1973), standard textbook
* Luebke, Paul. Tar Heel Politics: Myths and Realities (University of North Carolina Press, 1990).
* Powell William S. Dictionary of North Carolina Biography. Vol. 1, A-C; vol. 2, D-G; vol. 3, H-K. UNC Press, 1979–88.
* Powell, William S. Encyclopedia of North Carolina. University of North Carolina Press, 2006. ISBN 978-0807830710.
* Powell, William S. North Carolina Fiction, 1734-1957: An Annotated Bibliography UNC Press 1958
* Powell, William S. North Carolina through Four Centuries University of North Carolina Press (1989), standard textbook
* Ready, Milton. The Tar Heel State: A History of North Carolina (2005) excerpt and text search
* WPA Federal Writers' Project. North Carolina: A Guide to the Old North State. 1939\. famous WPA guide to every town

### Localities[edit]

* Boyd William Kenneth. The Story of Durham. Duke University Press, 1925.
* Lally, Kelly A. Historic Architecture of Wake County, North Carolina. Raleigh: Wake County Government, 1994. ISBN 0-9639198-0-6.
* Payne, Roger L. Place Names of the Outer Banks. Washington, North Carolina: Thomas A. Williams, 1985. ISBN0-932707-01-4.
* Morland John Kenneth. Millways of Kent. UNC 1958.
* Powell, William S. The First State University. 3rd ed. Chapel Hill: UNC Press, 1992.
* Powell, William S. North Carolina Gazetteer. Chapel Hill: UNC Press, 1968. Available as an electronic book with ISBN 0807867039 from NetLibrary.
* Vickers, James. Chapel Hill: An Illustrated History. Chapel Hill: Barclay, 1985. ISBN 0-9614429-0-5.

#### Special topics[edit]

* Bishir, Catherine. North Carolina Architecture. Chapel Hill: UNC, 1990.
* North Carolina China Council [a regional affiliate of the China Council of the Asia Society.] North Carolina's "China Connection," 1840-1949: A Record. N.P.: North Carolina China Council, 1981. No ISBN. Catalog of a photographic exhibit shown at the North Carolina Museum of History and elsewhere, 1980–1981.

#### Pre 1920[edit]

* Eric Anderson, Race and Politics in North Carolina, 1872-1901 (Louisiana State University Press, 1981).
* Beatty Bess. "Lowells of the South: Northern Influence on the Nineteenth-Century North Carolina Textile Industry, 1830-1890". Journal of Southern History 53 (Feb 1987): 37–62. online at JSTOR
* Billings Dwight. Planters and the Making of a "New South": Class, Politics, and Development in North Carolina, 1865-1900. UNC Press, 1979.
* Bolton; Charles C. Poor Whites of the Antebellum South: Tenants and Laborers in Central North Carolina and Northeast Mississippi Duke University Press, 1994 online edition
* Cathey, Cornelius O. Agricultural Developments in North Carolina, 1783-1860. UNC Press, 1956.
* Clayton Thomas H. Close to the Land. The Way We Lived in North Carolina, 1820-1870. UNC Press, 1983.
* A. Roger Ekirch, "Poor Carolina": Politics and Society in Colonial North Carolina, 1729-1776 (University of North Carolina Press, 1981)
* Escott Paul D., and Jeffrey J. Crow. "The Social Order and Violent Disorder: An Analysis of North Carolina in the Revolution and the Civil War". Journal of Southern History 52 (August 1986): 373–402. in JSTOR
* Escott; Paul D. Many Excellent People: Power and Privilege in North Carolina, 1850-1900 University of North Carolina Press, (1985) online
* Fenn, Elizabeth A. and Peter H. Wood. Natives and Newcomers: The Way We Lived in North Carolina Before 1770 University of North Carolina Press 1983
* Gilpatrick; Delbert Harold. Jeffersonian Democracy in North Carolina, 1789-1816 Columbia University Press. (1931) online edition
* Gilmore; Glenda Elizabeth. Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896-1920 U of North Carolina Press, 1996 online edition
* Griffin Richard W. "Reconstruction of the North Carolina Textile Industry, 1865-1885". North Carolina Historical Review 41 (January 1964): 34–53.
* Harris, William C. "William Woods Holden: in Search of Vindication." North Carolina Historical Review 1982 59(4): 354–372. ISSN 0029-2494 Governor during Reconstruction
* Harris, William C. William Woods Holden, Firebrand of North Carolina Politics. Louisiana State U. Press, 1987. 332 pp.
* Johnson, Charles A. "The Camp Meeting in Ante-Bellum North Carolina". North Carolina Historical Review 10 (April 1933): 95-110.
* Johnson Guion Griffis. Antebellum North Carolina: A Social History. UNC Press, 1937
* Kars, Marjoleine. Breaking Loose Together: The Regulator Rebellion in Pre-Revolutionary North Carolina UNC Press, 2002 online edition
* Kruman Marc W. Parties and Politics in North Carolina, 1836-1865. Louisiana State University Press, 1983.
* Leloudis, James L. Schooling the New South: Pedagogy, Self, and Society in North Carolina, 1880-1920 University of North Carolina Press, 1996 online edition
* McDonald Forrest, and Grady McWhiney. "The South from Self-Sufficiency to Peonage: An Interpretation". American Historical Review 85 (December 1980): 1095–1118. in JSTOR
* McDonald Forrest, and Grady McWhiney. "The Antebellum Southern Herdsmen: A Reinterpretation". Journal of Southern History 41 (May 1975): 147–66. in JSTOR
* Morrill, James R. The Practice and Politics of Fiat Finance: North Carolina in the Confederation, 1783-1789. UNC Press, 1969 online edition
* Mabel Newcomer; Economic and Social History of Chowan County, North Carolina, 1880-1915 Columbia UP, 1917 online edition
* Nathans Sydney. The Quest for Progress: The Way We Lived in North Carolina, 1870–1920. UNC Press, 1983.
* O'Brien Gail Williams. The Legal Fraternity and the Making of a New South Community, 1848-1882. U. of Georgia Press, 1986.
* Opper Peter Kent. "North Carolina Quakers: Reluctant Slaveholders". North Carolina Historical Review 52 (January 1975): 37–58.
* Perdue Theda. Native Carolinians: The Indians of North Carolina. Division of Archives and History, North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, 1985.
* Ramsey Robert W. Carolina Cradle. Settlement of the Northwest Carolina Frontier, 1747-1762. UNC Press, 1964.
* Risjord, Chesapeake politics
* Joseph Carlyle Sitterson. The Secession Movement in North Carolina (1939) 285 pages
* Louise Irby Trenholme; The Ratification of the Federal Constitution in North Carolina Columbia U. Press, 1932 online edition
* Watson Harry L. An Independent People: The Way We Lived in North Carolina, 1770-1820. UNC Press 1983.
* Woodward C. Vann. Origins of the New South, 1877-1913. Louisiana State U. Press, 1951

#### Since 1920[edit]

* Abrams; Douglas Carl; Conservative Constraints: North Carolina and the New Deal U. Press of Mississippi, 1992 online edition
* Badger; Anthony J. Prosperity Road: The New Deal, Tobacco, and North Carolina U. of North Carolina Press, (1980) online edition
* Bell John L., Jr. Hard Times: Beginnings of the Great Depression in North Carolina, 1929-1933. North Carolina Division of Archives and History, 1982.
* Clancy, Paul R. Just a Country Lawyer: A Biography of Senator Sam Ervin. Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press, 1974. A biography of the U.S. Senator from North Carolina who helped to bring down Joseph McCarthy and Richard Nixon, and who defended civil liberties in many cases but also opposed the Civil Rights movement and the Equal Rights Amendment.
* Ehle, John. The Free Men. Harper & Row, 1965. Reprinted with a new afterword by Press 53 (Lewisville, N.C.), 2007, with ISBN 0979304911.
* Willard B. Gatewood; Preachers, Pedagogues & Politicians: The Evolution Controversy in North Carolina, 1920-1927 UNC Press, 1966 online edition
* Gilmore; Glenda Elizabeth. Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896-1920 U of North Carolina Press, 1996
* Grundy; Pamela. Learning to Win: Sports, Education, and Social Change in Twentieth-Century North Carolina U of North Carolina Press, 2001 online edition
* Hagood, Margaret Jarman. Mothers of the South: Portraiture of the White Tenant Farm Woman 1939
* Key, V. O. Southern Politics in State and Nation (1951)
* Odum, Howard W. Folk, Region, and Society: Selected Papers of Howard W. Odum, UNC Press, 1964.
* Parramore Thomas C. Express Lanes and Country Roads: The Way We Lived in North Carolina, 1920-1970. UNC Press, 1983.
* Pope, Liston. Millhands and Preachers. New Haven: Yale, 1976 (reprint of 1942 edition). A history of the 1929 Loray Mill strike in Gastonia, N.C., especially the role of the church.
* Puryear, Elmer L. Democratic Party Dissension in North Carolina, 1928-1936 (University of North Carolina Press, 1962).
* Seymour, Robert E. "Whites Only". Valley Forge, Pa.: Judson, 1991. An account of the Civil Rights movement in North Carolina, and churches' involvement in it (on both sides) in particular, by a white Baptist pastor who was a supporter of the movement. ISBN 0-8170-1178-1.
* Taylor, Elizabeth A. "The Women's Suffrage Movement in North Carolina", North Carolina Historical Review, (January 1961): 45–62, and ibid. (April 1961): 173–89;
* Tilley Nannie May. The Bright Tobacco Industry, 1860-1929. UNC 1948.
* Tilley Nannie May. The R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company. UNC Press, 1985.
* Tullos, Allen. Habits of Industry: White Culture and the Transformation of the Carolina Piedmont. UNC Press. 1989. online edition, based on interviews
* Weare; Walter B. Black Business in the New South: A Social History of the North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company U. of Illinois Press, 1993 online edition
* Wood; Phillip J. Southern Capitalism: The Political Economy of North Carolina, 1880-1980 Duke University Press, 1986 online edition

### Primary sources[edit]

* Lindley S. Butler and Alan D. Watson, eds., The North Carolina Experience: An Interpretive and Documentary History UNC Press, 1984, essays by historians and selected related primary sources.
* John L. Cheney, Jr., ed., North Carolina Government, 1585-1979: A Narrative and Statistical History (Raleigh: Department of the Secretary of State, 1981)
* Jack Claiborne and William Price, eds. Discovering North Carolina: A Tar Heel Reader (University of North Carolina Press, 1991).
* Hugh Lefler, North Carolina History Told by Contemporaries (University of North Carolina Press, numerous editions since 1934)
* H. G. Jones, North Carolina Illustrated, 1524-1984 (University of North Carolina Press, 1984)
* Alexander S. Salley, ed. Narratives of Early Carolina, 1650-1708 (1911) online edition
* Woodmason Charles. The Carolina Backcountry on the Eve of the Revolution. UNC Press, 1953.
* Yearns, W. Buck and John G. Barret; North Carolina Civil War Documentary (University of North Carolina Press, 1980)
* North Carolina Manual, published biennially by the Department of the Secretary of State since 1941.

### Primary sources: governors and political leaders[edit]

* Luther H. Hodges; Businessman in the Statehouse: Six Years as Governor of North Carolina UNC Press 1962 online edition
* Memoirs of W. W. Holden (1911) complete text
* Holden, William Woods. The Papers of William Woods Holden. Vol. 1: 1841–1868. Horace Raper and Thornton W. Mitchell, ed. Raleigh, Division of Archives and History, Dept. of Cultural Resources, 2000. 457 pp.

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