List of artificial objects on the Moon

Short description: none

Locations of major spacecraft on the Moon superimposed on data from the Clementine mission in equirectangular projection

This is a partial list of artificial materials left on the Moon, many during the missions of the Apollo program. The table below does not include lesser Apollo mission artificial objects, such as a hammer and other tools, retroreflectors, Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Packages, or the commemorative, artistic, and personal objects left by the twelve Apollo astronauts, such as the United States flags, the commemorative plaques attached to the ladders of the six Apollo Lunar Modules, the silver astronaut pin left by Alan Bean in honor of Clifton C. Williams whom he replaced, the Bible left by David Scott, the Fallen Astronaut statuette and memorial plaque placed by the crew of Apollo 15, the Apollo 11 goodwill messages disc, or the golf balls[1] Alan Shepard hit during an Apollo 14 moonwalk.

Five S-IVB third stages of Saturn V rockets from the Apollo program crashed into the Moon, and are the heaviest human-made objects on the lunar surface. Humans have left over 187,400 kilograms (413,100 lb) of material on the Moon. Besides the 2019 Chang'e 4 and SLIM missions, the only artificial objects on the Moon that are still in use are the retroreflectors for the Lunar Laser Ranging experiments left there by the Apollo 11, 14, and 15 astronauts, Chandrayaan-3 lunar lander, and by the Soviet Union's Lunokhod 1 and Lunokhod 2 missions.[2]

Objects at greater than 90 degrees east or west are on the far side of the Moon, including Ranger 4, Lunar Orbiter 1, Lunar Orbiter 2, Lunar Orbiter 3, Chang'e 4 lander and Yutu-2 rover.

Because of increasing numbers of missions to and objects at the Moon a global registry of lunar activities has been proposed in 2023 by the Open Lunar Foundation.[3]

## Contents

* 1 List
* 1.1 Legend
* 1.2 Table of objects
* 2 Image gallery
* 3 See also
* 4 Notes
* 4.1 Footnotes
* 4.2 References
* 5 External links

## List

### Legend

Colors

| Crashed (unintentionally)
| Impactor or post-mission crashed
| Landed
| Operational

### Table of objects

Artificial object  | Image  | Country  | Year  | Mass (lb)  | Mass (kg)  | Status  | Location  | Notes

|
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|
|
|
|
|

Luna 2 |

|  Soviet Union  | 1959  | 860  | 390  | Impactor  |  [ ⚑ ] 29°06′N 0°00′E﻿ / ﻿29.1°N 0°E﻿ / 29.1; 0 | [4]
Luna 2
Third stage of Vostok rocket  |

|  Soviet Union  | 1959  | 20,100  | 9,100  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 29°06′N 0°00′E﻿ / ﻿29.1°N 0°E﻿ / 29.1; 0 | [5]
Ranger 4 |

|  United States  | 1962  | 730  | 331  | Impactor  |  [ ⚑ ] 15°30′S 130°42′W﻿ / ﻿15.5°S 130.7°W﻿ / -15.5; -130.7 | [6]
Ranger 6 |

|  United States  | 1964  | 840  | 381  | Impactor  |  [ ⚑ ] 9°21′29″N 21°28′48″E﻿ / ﻿9.358°N 21.480°E﻿ / 9.358; 21.480 | [7]
Ranger 7 |

|  United States  | 1964  | 805  | 365  | Impactor  |  [ ⚑ ] 10°38′S 20°36′W﻿ / ﻿10.63°S 20.60°W﻿ / -10.63; -20.60 | [8]
Luna 5 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1965  | 3,250  | 1,474  | Crashed  |  [ ⚑ ] 8°N 23°W﻿ / ﻿8°N 23°W﻿ / 8; -23 | [9]
Luna 7 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1965  | 3,316  | 1,504  | Crashed  |  [ ⚑ ] 9°48′N 47°48′W﻿ / ﻿9.8°N 47.8°W﻿ / 9.8; -47.8 | [10]
Luna 8 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1965  | 3,422 (launch mass)  | 1552 (launch mass)  | Crashed  |  [ ⚑ ] 9°06′N 63°18′W﻿ / ﻿9.1°N 63.3°W﻿ / 9.1; -63.3 | [11]
Ranger 8 |

|  United States  | 1965  | 809  | 367  | Impactor  |  [ ⚑ ] 2°38′17″N 24°47′13″E﻿ / ﻿2.638°N 24.787°E﻿ / 2.638; 24.787 | [12]
Ranger 9 |

|  United States  | 1965  | 809  | 367  | Impactor  |  [ ⚑ ] 12°49′41″S 2°23′13″W﻿ / ﻿12.828°S 2.387°W﻿ / -12.828; -2.387 | [13]
Luna 9 spacecraft/descent stage  |

|  Soviet Union  | 1966  | 3,391 (before lander capsule ejection)  | 1538 (before lander capsule ejection)  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 7°05′N 64°22′W﻿ / ﻿7.08°N 64.37°W﻿ / 7.08; -64.37 | [14]
Luna 9 Automated Lunar Station (ALS) airbag and lander capsule  |

|  Soviet Union  | 1966  | 218  | 99  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 7°05′N 64°22′W﻿ / ﻿7.08°N 64.37°W﻿ / 7.08; -64.37 | [14]
Luna 10 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1966  | 3,500  | 1,600  | Crashed
(post-mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [15]
Luna 11 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1966  | 3,620  | 1,640  | Crashed (post-mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [16]
Luna 12 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1966  | 3,680  | 1,670  | Crashed (post-mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [17]
Surveyor 1 (separate from descent stage)  |

|  United States  | 1966  | 600  | 270  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 2°28′26″S 43°20′20″W﻿ / ﻿2.474°S 43.339°W﻿ / -2.474; -43.339 | [18]
Luna 13 (separate from descent stage)  |

|  Soviet Union  | 1966  | 249  | 113  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 18°52′N 62°03′W﻿ / ﻿18.87°N 62.05°W﻿ / 18.87; -62.05 | [19]
Lunar Orbiter 1  |

|  United States  | 1966  | 851  | 386  | Crashed
(post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 6°42′N 162°00′E﻿ / ﻿6.70°N 162°E﻿ / 6.70; 162 | [20]
Surveyor 2 |

|  United States  | 1966  | 644  | 292  | Crashed  |  [ ⚑ ] 5°30′N 12°00′W﻿ / ﻿5.5°N 12°W﻿ / 5.5; -12 | [21]
Lunar Orbiter 2 |

|  United States  | 1966  | 849  | 385  | Crashed
(post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 3°00′N 119°00′E﻿ / ﻿3.0°N 119°E﻿ / 3.0; 119 | [22]
Lunar Orbiter 3 |

|  United States  | 1966  | 851  | 386  | Crashed
(post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 14°18′N 97°42′W﻿ / ﻿14.3°N 97.7°W﻿ / 14.3; -97.7 | [23]
Surveyor 3 (separate from descent stage)  |

|  United States  | 1967  | 619  | 281  | Landed[lower-alpha 2] |  [ ⚑ ] 3°00′54″S 23°25′05″W﻿ / ﻿3.015°S 23.418°W﻿ / -3.015; -23.418 | [24]
Lunar Orbiter 4 |

|  United States  | 1967  | 851  | 386  | Crashed
(post-mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [25]
Surveyor 4 |

|  United States  | 1967  | 624  | 283  | Crashed  |  [ ⚑ ] 0°24′N 1°20′W﻿ / ﻿0.4°N 1.33°W﻿ / 0.4; -1.33 | [26]
Explorer 35 |

|  United States  | 1967  | 229  | 104  | Crashed
(post mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [27]
Lunar Orbiter 5 |

|  United States  | 1967  | 851  | 386  | Crashed
(post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 3°S 83°W﻿ / ﻿3°S 83°W﻿ / -3; -83 | [28]
Surveyor 5 (separate from descent stage)  |

|  United States  | 1967  | 619  | 281  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 1°27′40″N 23°11′42″E﻿ / ﻿1.461°N 23.195°E﻿ / 1.461; 23.195 | [29]
Surveyor 6 (separate from descent stage)  |

|  United States  | 1967  | 622  | 282  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 0°29′N 1°24′W﻿ / ﻿0.49°N 1.40°W﻿ / 0.49; -1.40 | [30]
Surveyor 7 (separate from descent stage)  |

|  United States  | 1968  | 640  | 290  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 40°52′S 11°28′W﻿ / ﻿40.86°S 11.47°W﻿ / -40.86; -11.47 | [31]
Luna 14 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1968  | 3,680  | 1,670  | Crashed (post-mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [32]
Apollo 10
LM-4 Snoopy descent stage  |

|  United States  | 1969  | 4,874  | 2,211  | Likely crashed
(post-mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [33]
Apollo 11
LM-5 Eagle descent stage  |

|  United States  | 1969  | 4,484  | 2,034  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 0°40′27″N 23°28′23″E﻿ / ﻿0.6741°N 23.4730°E﻿ / 0.6741; 23.4730 | [34]
Luna 15 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1969  | 5,992  | 2,718  | Crashed  | Unknown  | [35]
Apollo 11
LM-5 Eagle ascent stage[lower-alpha 3] |

|  United States  | 1969  | 4,815  | 2,184  | Crashed (post-mission) or in orbit  | Unknown  | [36][37]
Apollo 12
LM-6 Intrepid descent stage  |

|  United States  | 1969  | 4,874  | 2,211  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 3°00′45″S 23°25′18″W﻿ / ﻿3.0124°S 23.4216°W﻿ / -3.0124; -23.4216 | [38]
Apollo 12
LM-6 Intrepid ascent stage[lower-alpha 3] |

|  United States  | 1969  | 4,771  | 2,164  | Crashed
(post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 3°56′S 21°12′W﻿ / ﻿3.94°S 21.20°W﻿ / -3.94; -21.20 | [39]
Luna 16 descent stage[lower-alpha 4] |

|  Soviet Union  | 1970  | 3,040  | 1,380  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 0°41′S 56°18′E﻿ / ﻿0.68°S 56.3°E﻿ / -0.68; 56.3 | [40]
Luna 17 and Lunokhod 1 |

|  Soviet Union  | 1970  | 12,300  | 5,600  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 38°17′N 35°00′W﻿ / ﻿38.28°N 35.0°W﻿ / 38.28; -35.0 | [41]
Apollo 13
S-IVB (S-IVB-508)[42] |

|  United States  | 1970  | 29,661  | 13,454  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 2°45′S 27°52′W﻿ / ﻿2.75°S 27.86°W﻿ / -2.75; -27.86 | [43]
Luna 18 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1971  | 4,140  | 1,880  | Crashed  |  [ ⚑ ] 3°34′N 56°30′E﻿ / ﻿3.57°N 56.5°E﻿ / 3.57; 56.5 | [44]
Luna 19 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1971  | 4,140  | 1,880  | Crashed (post-mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [45]
Apollo 14
S-IVB (S-IVB-509)  |

|  United States  | 1971  | 30,900  | 14,016  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 8°05′S 26°01′W﻿ / ﻿8.09°S 26.02°W﻿ / -8.09; -26.02 | [46]
Apollo 14
LM-8 Antares descent stage  |

|  United States  | 1971  | 4,727  | 2,144  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 3°38′43″S 17°28′17″W﻿ / ﻿3.6453°S 17.4714°W﻿ / -3.6453; -17.4714 | [47]
Apollo 14
LM-8 Antares ascent stage[lower-alpha 3] |

|  United States  | 1971  | 4,705  | 2,132  | Crashed
(post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 3°25′S 19°40′W﻿ / ﻿3.42°S 19.67°W﻿ / -3.42; -19.67 | [48]
Apollo 15
S-IVB (S-IVB-510)  |

|  United States  | 1971  | 30,944  | 14,036  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 1°31′S 11°49′W﻿ / ﻿1.51°S 11.81°W﻿ / -1.51; -11.81 | [49]
Apollo 15
LM-10 Falcon descent stage  |

|  United States  | 1971  | 6,193  | 2,809  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 26°07′56″N 3°38′02″E﻿ / ﻿26.1322°N 3.6339°E﻿ / 26.1322; 3.6339 | [50]
Apollo 15
Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV-1)  |

|  United States  | 1971  | 460  | 210  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 26°05′N 3°40′E﻿ / ﻿26.08°N 3.66°E﻿ / 26.08; 3.66 |
Apollo 15
LM-10 Falcon ascent stage[lower-alpha 3] |

|  United States  | 1971  | 4,700  | 2,132  | Crashed
(post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 26°22′N 0°15′E﻿ / ﻿26.36°N 0.25°E﻿ / 26.36; 0.25 | [51]
Apollo 15 subsatellite |

|  United States  | 1971  | 79  | 36  | Crashed
(post-mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [52]
Luna 20 descent stage[lower-alpha 4] |  |  Soviet Union  | 1972  | 12626 <12,626

| 5727 <5,727

| Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 3°34′N 56°30′E﻿ / ﻿3.57°N 56.5°E﻿ / 3.57; 56.5 | [53]
Apollo 16
S-IVB (S-IVB-511)  |

|  United States  | 1972  | 30,869  | 14,002  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 1°55′16″N 24°37′23″W﻿ / ﻿1.921°N 24.623°W﻿ / 1.921; -24.623 | [54]
Apollo 16
LM-11 Orion descent stage  |

|  United States  | 1972  | 6,096  | 2,765  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 8°58′23″S 15°30′01″E﻿ / ﻿8.9730°S 15.5002°E﻿ / -8.9730; 15.5002 | [55]
Apollo 16
Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV-2)  |

|  United States  | 1972  | 460  | 210  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 8°58′S 15°31′E﻿ / ﻿8.97°S 15.51°E﻿ / -8.97; 15.51 |
Apollo 16
LM-11 Orion ascent stage[lower-alpha 3] |

|  United States  | 1972  | 4,713  | 2,138  | Crashed
(post-mission)  | Unknown  | [56]
Apollo 16 subsatellite |

|  United States  | 1972  | 79  | 36  | Crashed
(post-mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [57]
Apollo 17
S-IVB (S-IVB-512)  |

|  United States  | 1972  | 30,780  | 13,960  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 4°13′S 12°19′W﻿ / ﻿4.21°S 12.31°W﻿ / -4.21; -12.31 | [58]
Apollo 17
LM-12 Challenger descent stage  |

|  United States  | 1972  | 6,169  | 2,798  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 20°11′27″N 30°46′18″E﻿ / ﻿20.1908°N 30.7717°E﻿ / 20.1908; 30.7717 | [59]
Apollo 17
Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV-3)  |

|  United States  | 1972  | 460  | 210  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 20°10′N 30°46′E﻿ / ﻿20.17°N 30.77°E﻿ / 20.17; 30.77 |
Apollo 17
LM-12 Challenger ascent stage[lower-alpha 3] |

|  United States  | 1972  | 4,740  | 2,150  | Crashed
(post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 19°58′N 30°30′E﻿ / ﻿19.96°N 30.50°E﻿ / 19.96; 30.50 | [60]
Luna 21 and Lunokhod 2[lower-alpha 5] |  |  Soviet Union  | 1973  | 10,690  | 4,850  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 25°51′N 30°27′E﻿ / ﻿25.85°N 30.45°E﻿ / 25.85; 30.45 | [61]
Explorer 49 (RAE-B)  |

|  United States  | 1973  | 723  | 328  | Crashed (post-mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [62]
Luna 22 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1974  | 8,800  | 4,000  | Crashed (post-mission)  | Unknown[lower-alpha 1] | [63]
Luna 23 |  |  Soviet Union  | 1974  | 12,300  | 5,600  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 12°45′N 62°12′E﻿ / ﻿12.75°N 62.20°E﻿ / 12.75; 62.20 | [64]
Luna 24 descent stage[lower-alpha 4] |  |  Soviet Union  | 1976  | 12787 <12,787

| 5800 <5,800

| Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 12°45′N 62°12′E﻿ / ﻿12.75°N 62.20°E﻿ / 12.75; 62.20 | [65]
Hagoromo
Hiten[lower-alpha 6] |

|  Japan  | 1990  | 26  | 12  | Crashed
(not confirmed/post-mission)  | Unknown  | [66]
Hiten |

|  Japan  | 1993  | 315  | 143  | Crashed (post-mission)/Impactor  |  [ ⚑ ] 34°18′S 55°36′E﻿ / ﻿34.3°S 55.6°E﻿ / -34.3; 55.6 | [67]
Lunar Prospector |

|  United States  | 1998  | 278  | 126  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 87°42′S 42°21′E﻿ / ﻿87.7°S 42.35°E﻿ / -87.7; 42.35 | [68][69]
SMART-1 |

|  European Space Agency | 2006  | 677  | 307  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 34°15′43″S 46°11′35″W﻿ / ﻿34.262°S 46.193°W﻿ / -34.262; -46.193 | [70]
Moon Impact Probe (MIP)
Chandrayaan-1 |  |  India  | 2008  | 77  | 35  | Impactor  |  [ ⚑ ] 89°46′S 39°24′W﻿ / ﻿89.76°S 39.40°W﻿ / -89.76; -39.40 | [71][72][73]
SELENE Rstar (Okina) |  |  Japan  | 2009  | 117  | 53  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 28°12′47″N 159°01′59″W﻿ / ﻿28.213°N 159.033°W﻿ / 28.213; -159.033 | [74][75][76]
SELENE Vstar (Ouna) |  |  Japan  | Unknown  | 117  | 53  | Crashed (post-mission)  | Unknown  | [77]
Chang'e 1 |

|  China  | 2009  | 4,400  | 2,000  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 1°30′S 52°22′E﻿ / ﻿1.50°S 52.36°E﻿ / -1.50; 52.36 | [78][79][80]
SELENE (Kaguya) main orbiter |  |  Japan  | 2009  | 4,374  | 1,984[78] | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 65°30′S 80°30′E﻿ / ﻿65.5°S 80.5°E﻿ / -65.5; 80.5 | [81][82][83]
LCROSS Shepherding Spacecraft  |

|  United States  | 2009  | 1,500  | 700  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 84°43′44″S 49°21′36″W﻿ / ﻿84.729°S 49.36°W﻿ / -84.729; -49.36 | [lower-alpha 7][84][85]
LCROSS Centaur |

|  United States  | 2009  | 5,000  | 2,270  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 84°40′30″S 48°43′30″W﻿ / ﻿84.675°S 48.725°W﻿ / -84.675; -48.725 | [lower-alpha 8][86][87]
GRAIL  |

|  United States  | 2012  | 293  | 133  | Crashed
(post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 75°37′N 26°38′W﻿ / ﻿75.62°N 26.63°W﻿ / 75.62; -26.63 | [88]
Chang'e 3 lander  |  |  China  | 2013  | 2,600  | 1,200  | Landed/operational[89] |  [ ⚑ ] 44°07′N 19°31′W﻿ / ﻿44.12°N 19.51°W﻿ / 44.12; -19.51 | [90][91][92]
Chang'e 3
Yutu rover |

|  China  | 2013  | 2,600  | 1,200  | Landed[93] |  [ ⚑ ] 44°07′N 19°31′W﻿ / ﻿44.12°N 19.51°W﻿ / 44.12; -19.51 | [90][94][92]
LADEE  |

|  United States  | 2014  | 547  | 248  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 10°48′N 91°36′W﻿ / ﻿10.8°N 91.6°W﻿ / 10.8; -91.6 |
Chang'e 4 lander  |

|  China  | 2019  | 2,600  | 1,200  | Landed/operational  | 077.250  [ ⚑ ] 45°27′22″S 177°35′19″E﻿ / ﻿45.4561°S 177.5885°E﻿ / -45.4561; 177.5885

| [95]
Chang'e 4
Yutu-2 rover |

|  China  | 2019  | 2,600  | 1,200  | Landed/operational  | 077.250  [ ⚑ ] 45°27′22″S 177°35′19″E﻿ / ﻿45.4561°S 177.5885°E﻿ / -45.4561; 177.5885

| [96]
Beresheet |

|  Israel  | 2019  | 330  | 150  | Crashed[97][98] |  [ ⚑ ] 32°35′44″N 19°20′59″E﻿ / ﻿32.5956°N 19.3496°E﻿ / 32.5956; 19.3496 |
Longjiang-2 |  |  China  | 2019  | 104  | 47  | Crashed (post-mission)[99] |  [ ⚑ ] 16°41′44″N 159°31′01″E﻿ / ﻿16.6956°N 159.5170°E﻿ / 16.6956; 159.5170﻿ (Longjiang-2 impact site) | [100]
Chandrayaan-2
Vikram lander
Pragyan rover |

|  India  | 2019  | 3,243  | 1,471  | Crashed[101] |  [ ⚑ ] 70°52′52″S 22°47′02″E﻿ / ﻿70.8810°S 22.7840°E﻿ / -70.8810; 22.7840 | [102]
Chang'e 5 descent stage

|  China  | 2020  | <18,077  | <8,200  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 43°05′56″N 51°50′13″W﻿ / ﻿43.099°N 51.837°W﻿ / 43.099; -51.837 |
Chang'e 5 ascent stage

|  China  | 2020  | >400  | >882  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 30°00′00″S 0°00′00″E﻿ / ﻿30.000°S 0.000°E﻿ / -30.000; 0.000 |
Chang'e 5-T1 third stage rocket  |  |  China  | 2022  | 6100  | 2,800  | Crashed (post-mission)  |  [ ⚑ ] 5°13′34″N 125°30′50″W﻿ / ﻿5.226°N 125.514°W﻿ / 5.226; -125.514 | [103][104]
Manfred Memorial Moon Mission |  |  Luxembourg  | 2022  | 31  | 14  | Crashed (post-mission together with Chang'e 5-T1 third stage rocket)
Hakuto-R Mission 1 |  |  Japan  | 2023  | 750  | 340  | Crashed  |  [ ⚑ ] 47°34′52″N 44°05′38″E﻿ / ﻿47.581°N 44.094°E﻿ / 47.581; 44.094 | [105]
Emirates Lunar Mission |  |  United Arab Emirates
Luna 25 |

|  Russia  | 2023  | 3,860  | 1,750  | Crashed  |  [ ⚑ ] 57°51′54″S 61°21′36″E﻿ / ﻿57.865°S 61.360°E﻿ / -57.865; 61.360 | [106][107]
Chandrayaan-3
Vikram lander
Pragyan rover |

|  India  | 2023  | 3,863  | 1,752  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 69°22′23″S 32°19′08″E﻿ / ﻿69.373°S 32.319°E﻿ / -69.373; 32.319 | [108][109]
SLIM |

|  Japan  | 2024  | 259.4  | 118.7  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 13°18′58″S 25°15′04″E﻿ / ﻿13.316°S 25.251°E﻿ / -13.316; 25.251 | [110]
LEV-1 |  |  Japan  | 2024  | 2.1  | 4.6  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 13°18′58″S 25°15′04″E﻿ / ﻿13.316°S 25.251°E﻿ / -13.316; 25.251 | [110]
LEV-2 |  |  Japan  | 2024  | 0.25  | 0.55  | Landed  |  [ ⚑ ] 13°18′58″S 25°15′04″E﻿ / ﻿13.316°S 25.251°E﻿ / -13.316; 25.251 | [110]
Total estimated dry mass | 454,056 | 205,988 |  |  |

## Image gallery

Map of the Moon showing some landing sites. (Click to enlarge)

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Surveyor 3 on the Moon, photographed by Alan Bean during Apollo 12 (1969)

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Locations of retro reflector experiments

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Lunar Laser Ranging experiment (LRRR)

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Map of all soft landings

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## See also

* Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package
* List of artificial objects on extraterrestrial surfaces
* List of retroreflectors on the Moon
* Lunar plaques
* Moon landing
* List of landings on extraterrestrial bodies
* Deliberate crash landings on extraterrestrial bodies
* Human presence in space
* Timeline of Solar System exploration
* Tourism on the Moon

## Notes

### Footnotes

1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Spacecraft was in lunar orbit but is assumed to have decayed from orbit and crashed into the Moon, location unknown.
2. ↑ Portions recovered by Apollo 12 in 1969: it returned about 10 kilograms (22 lb) of the Surveyor 3's original landing mass of 302 kilograms (666 lb) to Earth to study the effects of long term exposure.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 The ascent stage of Apollo 10 was commanded to fire its engine, left lunar orbit and entered solar orbit. The ascent stage of Apollo 11 was left in orbit and thereafter its orbit possibly decayed and it crashed onto the Moon at an unknown location. The Apollo 16 ascent stage failed to crash onto moon when commanded and it decayed from orbit at a later date and also crashed at an unknown location. The ascent stages of the remaining successful missions (Apollo 12, 14, 15, and 17) were each deliberately crashed onto the Moon. Apollo 13's complete Apollo Lunar Module re-entered Earth's atmosphere after having served as a lifeboat during the aborted mission.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Luna program sample return mission; mass listed is for both ascent and descent stages, though only the descent stage was left on the Moon.
5. ↑ Lander and rover weighed 4,000 pounds (1,814 kg); the rest assumed to have decayed in orbit and impacted the Moon.
6. ↑ Was injected into lunar orbit in 1990, assumed to have decayed from orbit.
7. ↑ –2.36 miles (–3.80 km) in elevation (Cabeus crater).
8. ↑ –2.38 miles (–3.83 km) in elevation (Cabeus crater).

### References

1. ↑ Miller, Scott (2023-06-02). "How Many Golf Balls Are On The Moon?" (in en-US). https://golfercraze.com/how-many-golf-balls-are-on-the-moon/.
2. ↑ Slava G. Turyshev – From Quantum to Cosmos: Fundamental Physics Research in Space (2009) – Page 300
3. ↑ "Launch Event Video: Bright Moon - Creating a Global Registry of Lunar Activities April 23". 2023-05-08. https://www.openlunar.org/library/launch-event-bright-moon.
4. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog – Luna 2". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1959-014A.
5. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog – Luna 2". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1959-014A.
6. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog – Ranger 4". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1962-012A.
7. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog – Ranger 6". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1964-007A.
8. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog – Ranger 7". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1964-041A.
9. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog – Luna 5". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1965-036A.
10. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog – Luna 7". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1965-077A.
11. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog – Luna 8". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1965-099A.
12. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 8". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1965-010A.
13. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 9". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1965-023A.
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 9". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-006A.
15. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 10". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-027A.
16. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 11". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-078A.
17. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 12". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-094A.
18. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 1". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-045A.
19. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 13". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-116A.
20. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 1". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-073A.
21. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 2". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-084A.
22. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 2". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-100A.
23. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 3". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1967-008A.
24. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 3". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1967-035A.
25. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 4". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1967-041A.
26. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 4". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1967-068A.
27. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Explorer 35 (IMP-E)". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1967-070A.
28. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 5". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1967-075A.
29. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 5". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1967-084A.
30. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 6". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1967-112A.
31. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 7". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1968-001A.
32. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 14". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1968-027A.
33. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 10 LM(Snoopy) descent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-043A.
34. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 11 LM descent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-059C.
35. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 15". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-058A.
36. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 11 LM ascent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-059C.
37. ↑ "New Evidence Suggests Apollo 11's Lunar Ascent Module Could Still Be Orbiting the Moon". https://www.discovermagazine.com/technology/new-evidence-suggests-apollo-11s-lunar-ascent-module-could-still-be-orbiting.
38. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 12 LM descent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-099C.
39. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 12 LM ascent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-099C.
40. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 16 descent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1970-072A.
41. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 17/Lunokhod 1". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1970-095A.
42. ↑ Astronautix.com, Apollo 13 : The S-IVB/IU impacted the lunar surface at 8:10 p.m. EST on April 14 at a speed of 259 meters per second (incorrect, should probably be 2590 meters/sec), […] 137.1 kilometers from the Apollo 12 seismometer.
43. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 13 S-IVB". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1970-029B.
44. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 18". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-073A.
45. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 19". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-082A.
46. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 14 SIVB". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-008B.
47. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 14 LM descent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-008C.
48. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 14 LM ascent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-008C.
49. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 SIVB". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-063B.
50. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 LM descent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-063C.
51. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 LM ascent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-063C.
52. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 subsatellite". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-063D.
53. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 20". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1972-007A.
54. ↑ "Found! Apollo 16 S-IVB Impact Crater | Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera". http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/894.
55. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 descent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1972-031C.
56. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 ascent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1972-031C.
57. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 Subsatellite". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1972-031D.
58. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 17 S-IVB". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1972-096B.
59. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 17 descent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1972-096C.
60. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 17 ascent stage". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1972-096C.
61. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 21/Lunokhod 2". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1973-001A.
62. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Explorer 49/RAE-B". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1973-039A.
63. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 22". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1974-037A.
64. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 23". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1974-084A.
65. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 24". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1976-081A.
66. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Hagoromo/Hiten Orbiter". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1990-007B.
67. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Hiten". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1990-007A.
68. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Prospector". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1998-001A.
69. ↑ "University of Texas Engineering News - Lunar Prospector Impact Location Estimate". http://research.ae.utexas.edu/cfpl/lunar/pressrelease/discussion.html.
70. ↑ Klesman, Alison (22 Sep 2017). "New observations reveal a lunar orbiter's final resting place". http://astronomy.com/news/2017/09/a-lunar-orbiters-final-resting-place.
71. ↑ "Information furnished in conformity with the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space". 10 November 2009. http://www.unoosa.org/documents/pdf/ser570E.pdf.
72. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Moon Impact Probe / Chandrayaan 1". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2008-052A.
73. ↑ "Frontline India's National Magazine - Moon Mystery - Moon Impact Probe impact coordinates". http://www.flonnet.com/fl2720/stories/20101008272009000.htm.
74. ↑ "JAXA Press Release (PDF)" (in ja). JAXA. 2009-02-18. http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2009/02/20090218_sac_kaguya.pdf.
75. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Okina (Rstar) - Kaguya". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2007-039A.
76. ↑ "JAXA 18 February 2009 SELENE status - Okina (Rstar) impact estimate position - (page 3 in Japanese translated with Babelfish)". http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2009/02/20090218_sac_kaguya.pdf.
77. ↑ "NSSDCA — Spacecraft — Details". 2023-10-20. https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2007-039A.
78. ↑ 78.0 78.1 "Upcoming International Missions to the Moon" (PPT). NASA. 2007-01-11. http://ssedso.gsfc.nasa.gov/initiatives/lunar/LESWG/pubs_presentations/4thGM/bk_International_missions_lakew.ppt. / cf. 2.3t with fuel ("Spacecrafts [sic] launched in 2007". http://claudelafleur.qc.ca/Spacecrafts-2007.html#Change-1. )
79. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Chang'e 1". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2007-051A.
80. ↑ "China People's Daily Online, 2 March 2009 - Chang'e-1 impacts moon (coordinates)". http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90781/90876/6603492.html.
81. ↑ "JAXA HOT TOPICS". JAXA. 2009-06-11. http://www.jaxa.jp/topics/2009/06_e.html.
82. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - KAGUYA (SELENE)". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2007-039A.
83. ↑ "JAXA Selenological & Engineering Explorer - KAGUYA (SELENE) impact coordinates". http://www.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/selene/index_e.html.
84. ↑ "Guide to Seeing the LCROSS Lunar Impact". http://spacefellowship.com/2009/10/08/guide-to-seeing-the-lcross-lunar-impact/.
85. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - LCROSS Shepherding Spacecraft". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2007-051A.
86. ↑ "Guide to Seeing the LCROSS Lunar Impact". http://spacefellowship.com/2009/10/08/guide-to-seeing-the-lcross-lunar-impact/.
87. ↑ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - LCROSS Centaur". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2007-051A.
88. ↑ "NASA Probes Prepare for Mission-Ending Moon Impact". http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2012-396&cid=release_2012-396.
89. ↑ "China's Jade Rabbit moon rover dead after 31 months on surface". https://www.newscientist.com/article/2099696-chinas-jade-rabbit-moon-rover-dead-after-31-months-on-surface/.
90. ↑ 90.0 90.1 Wall, Mike (March 12, 2015). "The Moon's History Is Surprisingly Complex, Chinese Rover Finds". Space.com. http://www.space.com/28810-moon-history-chinese-lunar-rover.html?adbid=10152690360766466&adbpl=fb&adbpr=17610706465.
91. ↑ Andrew Jones. "China's telescope on the Moon is still working, and could do for 30 years". GBTimes. https://gbtimes.com/chinas-telescope-moon-still-working-and-could-do-30-years.
92. ↑ 92.0 92.1 "The Chang'e-3 lunar lander is still waking up after nearly five years on the Moon". GB Times. 25 June 2018. https://gbtimes.com/the-change-3-lunar-lander-is-still-waking-up-after-nearly-five-years-on-the-moon.
93. ↑ "China's Jade Rabbit moon rover dead after 31 months on surface". https://www.newscientist.com/article/2099696-chinas-jade-rabbit-moon-rover-dead-after-31-months-on-surface/.
94. ↑ Andrew Jones. "China's telescope on the Moon is still working, and could do for 30 years". GBTimes. https://gbtimes.com/chinas-telescope-moon-still-working-and-could-do-30-years.
95. ↑ Robinson, Mark (30 April 2019). "Topographic Map of the Chang'e 4 Site". http://www.lroc.asu.edu/posts/1100.
96. ↑ Robinson, Mark (30 April 2019). "Topographic Map of the Chang'e 4 Site". http://www.lroc.asu.edu/posts/1100.
97. ↑ Robinson, Mark. "Beresheet Crash Site Spotted!". https://www.lroc.asu.edu/posts/1101.
98. ↑ "Israeli spacecraft Beresheet crash site spotted on moon" (in en-us). https://phys.org/news/2019-05-israeli-spacecraft-beresheet-site-moon.html.
99. ↑ "Lunar Orbiter Longjiang-2 Smashes into Moon" (in en). http://www.planetary.org/blogs/guest-blogs/2019/longjiang-2-impacts-moon.html.
100. ↑ "Longjiang-2 Impact Site Found! | Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera". http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/1132.
101. ↑ "New details emerge about failed lunar landings" (in en-US). 2019-11-21. https://spacenews.com/new-details-emerge-about-failed-lunar-landings/.
102. ↑ "Vikram Lander Found | Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera". http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/1131.
103. ↑ Mystery Rocket Body Found!, http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/1261, retrieved 30 June 2022
104. ↑ Foust, Jeff (13 February 2022). "Chinese rocket, not Falcon 9, linked to upper stage on lunar impact trajectory". https://spacenews.com/chinese-rocket-not-falcon-9-linked-to-upper-stage-on-lunar-impact-trajectory/.
105. ↑ "Impact Site of the HAKUTO-R Mission 1 Lunar Lander". http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/1302.
106. ↑ Zak, Anatoly (19 August 2023). "Luna-Glob mission lifts off". RussianSpaceWeb. https://www.russianspaceweb.com/luna-glob-flight.html.
107. ↑ Steigerwald, Bill (2023-08-30). "NASA’s LRO Observes Crater Likely from Luna 25 Impact". http://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2023/lro-luna-25-impact.
108. ↑ (in en) Chandrayaan 3 - After The Landing What Happens Next?, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=howp3hl5Zag, retrieved 2023-08-28
109. ↑ Jones, Andrew (23 August 2023). "Chandrayaan-3: India becomes fourth country to land on the moon". SpaceNews.com. https://spacenews.com/chandrayaan-3-india-becomes-fourth-country-to-land-on-the-moon/.
110. ↑ 110.0 110.1 110.2 Jones, Andrew (19 January 2024). "Japan makes history with tense, successful moon landing". SpaceNews.com. https://spacenews.com/japan-makes-history-with-tense-successful-moon-landing/.

## External links

* NASA catalogue of manmade material on the Moon
* List of Apollo 11 artifacts on the Moon
* Lunar Litter: A short film about debris left behind on crewed Moon missions

* v
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Spacecraft missions to the Moon

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|

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Past
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* (List of Apollo astronauts)

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* 3
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* 6
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Planned
missions|

| Artemis|

* Artemis 1 (2020)
* ArgoMoon
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* Artemis 2 (2022)
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|

CLPS|

* CAPSTONE (December 2020)
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* Luna 25 (2021)
* Luna 26 (2024)
* Luna 27 (2025)
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* Luna 30 (2028)
* Luna 31 (2028)

CLEP|

* Chang'e 5 (mid-2020)
* Chang'e 6 (2023–2024)
* Chang'e 7 (2023)
* Chang'e 8 (2027)

Others|

* Moon Express Lunar Scout (Jul 2020)
* International Lunar Observatory
* MoonLIGHT
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Proposed
missions|

| Robotic|

* Chandrayaan-3 (November 2020)
* Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (2024)
* Artemis-7
* Blue Moon
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* Garatéa-L
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* Lunar Pathfinder
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* XL-1

|

Crewed|

* DSE-Alpha
* Lunar Gateway (Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander)
* Lunar Orbital Station

Cancelled /
concepts|

* Altair
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* European Lunar Explorer
* International Lunar Network
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* Lunar Lander
* Lunar Mission One
* Lunar Observer
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* MoonLITE
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* Resource Prospector
* SELENE-2
* Ukrselena

See also|

* Colonization of the Moon
* Google Lunar X Prize
* List of lunar probes
* List of missions to the Moon
* List of artificial objects on the Moon
* Lunar resources
* Apollo 17 Moon mice
* Moon landing conspiracy theories
* Apollo 11 anniversaries
* List of crewed lunar lander designs

* Missions are ordered by launch date. Crewed missions are in italics.

* v
* t
* e

Crewed lunar spacecraft

Orbiters|

* Retired
* Apollo command and service module
* Cancelled
* LK-1 / LK-700 (VA spacecraft

Landers|

* Retired
* Apollo Lunar Module
* Canceled
* Lunniy Korabl
* Altair

Proposed|

* Starship
* Lunar Gateway‎
* Lunar Orbital Station
* Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander
* Blue Moon

See also|

* Moon landing
* conspiracy theories
* List of lunar probes
* List of artificial objects on the Moon
* List of missions to the Moon

* v
* t
* e

Exploration of the Solar System

* Timeline of Solar System exploration

Exploration of|

* Mercury
* Venus
* Moon
* Mars
* Ceres
* Jupiter
* Saturn
* Uranus
* Neptune
* Pluto

Artificial objects|

| On extra-terrestrial surfaces|

* Moon
* Venus
* Mars

|

Deep-space missions|

* Heliocentric orbit
* Leaving the Solar System

Lists|

* Solar System probes
* Missions to comets
* Landings on extraterrestrial bodies
* Objects at Lagrangian points

* Space exploration
* outline
* timeline

* v
* t
* e

The Moon

Physical
properties|

* Internal structure
* Topography
* Atmosphere
* Gravity field
* Hill sphere
* Magnetic field
* Sodium tail
* Moonlight
* Earthshine

Orbit|

* Lunar distance
* Orbital elements
* Distance
* Perigee and apogee
* Libration
* Nodes
* Nodal period
* Precession
* Syzygy
* New moon
* Full moon
* Eclipses
* Lunar eclipse
* Total penumbral lunar eclipse
* Tetrad
* Solar eclipse
* Solar eclipses on the Moon
* Eclipse cycle
* Supermoon
* Tide
* Tidal force
* Tidal locking
* Tidal acceleration
* Tidal range
* Lunar station

Surface and
features|

* Selenography
* Terminator
* Hemispheres
* Near side
* Far side
* Poles
* North pole
* South pole
* Face
* Maria
* List
* Mountains
* Peak of eternal light
* Valleys
* Volcanic features
* Domes
* Calderas
* Lava tubes
* Craters
* List
* Ray systems
* Crater of eternal darkness
* South Pole–Aitken basin
* Soil
* Swirls
* Rilles
* Wrinkle ridges
* Rocks
* Lunar basalt 70017
* Water
* Space weathering
* Micrometeorite
* Sputtering
* Quakes
* Transient lunar phenomenon

Science|

* Observation
* Libration
* Lunar theory
* Origin
* Giant-impact hypothesis
* Theia
* Lunar magma ocean
* Geology
* Timescale
* Late Heavy Bombardment
* Lunar meteorites
* KREEP
* Experiments
* Lunar laser ranging
* ALSEP
* Lunar sample displays
* Apollo 11
* Apollo 17
* Lunar seismology

Exploration|

* Missions
* Apollo program
* Probes
* Landing
* Colonization
* Tourism
* Lunar resources

Time-telling and
navigation|

* Lunar calendar
* Lunisolar calendar
* Month
* Lunar month
* Nodal period
* Fortnight
* Sennight
* Lunar station
* Lunar distance

Phases and
names|

* New
* Full
* Names
* Crescent
* Super and micro
* Blood
* Blue
* Black
* Dark
* Wet
* Tetrad

Related|

* Lunar effect
* Moon illusion
* Pareidolia
* Man in the Moon
* Moon rabbit
* Craters named after people
* Artificial objects on the Moon
* Memorials on the Moon
* Moon in fiction
* Moon landing conspiracy theories
* Moon Treaty
* Moon in mythology
* Hjúki and Bil
* "Moon is made of green cheese"
* Natural satellite
* Double planet
* Lilith (hypothetical second moon)

* Category

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of artificial objects on the Moon. Read more

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