Guanidine nitrate

Not to be confused with Nitroguanidine.

Guanidine nitrate

Names
IUPAC name

Guanidinium nitrate

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 506-93-4 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 10049 Y

EC Number |

* 208-060-1

PubChem CID

* 10481

RTECS number |

* MF4350000

UNII |

* B542239A4E Y

UN number | 1467

InChI

* InChI=1S/CH5N3.HNO3/c2*2-1(3)4/h(H5,2,3,4);(H,2,3,4) Y

Key: CNUNWZZSUJPAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

* InChI=1/CH5N3.HNO3/c2*2-1(3)4/h(H5,2,3,4);(H,2,3,4)

Key: CNUNWZZSUJPAHX-UHFFFAOYAZ

SMILES

* C(=N)(N)N.[N+](=O)(O)[O-]

Properties

Chemical formula

| CH

3 * HNO

Molar mass | 122.084 g·mol−1
Appearance  | White solid
Density | 1.44 g/cm3[1]
Melting point |  213–215 °C (415–419 °F; 486–488 K)[1]
Boiling point |  Decomposes over 250 °C (482 °F; 523 K)[2]

Solubility in water

| 50 mg/mL[1]
Hazards[1]
Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich SDS
GHS pictograms |
GHS Signal word | Warning

GHS hazard statements

| H272, H302, H319, H412

GHS precautionary statements

| P210, P220, P221, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+312+330Script error: No such module "Preview warning".Category:GHS errors, P305+351+338, P337+313, P370+378, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)  |

[2]

Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):

LD50 (median dose)

| 730 mg/kg Oral, rat, female

LC50 (median concentration)

* 0.853 mg/l (4h, Inhalation, rat, m/f, dust/mist)
* 690 mg/l (96h, fathead minnow)
* 70.2 mg/l (48h, water flea)

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Guanidine nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula CH

3 * HNO
3 (linear formula NH
2C(=NH)NH
2 * HNO
3).[1] It is a colorless, water-soluble salt. It is produced on a large scale and finds use as precursor for nitroguanidine,[3] fuel in pyrotechnics and gas generators. Its correct name is guanidinium nitrate, but the colloquial term guanidine nitrate is widely used.[1][2]

## Contents

* 1 Production and properties
* 2 Uses
* 3 Safety
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Production and properties

Although it is the salt formed by neutralizing guanidine with nitric acid, guanidine nitrate is produced industrially by the reaction of dicyandiamide (or calcium salt) and ammonium nitrate.[4]

It has been used as a monopropellant in the Jetex engine for model airplanes. It is attractive because it has a high gas output and low flame temperature. It has a relatively high monopropellant specific impulse of 177 seconds (1.7 kN·s/kg).[citation needed]

Guanidine nitrate's explosive decomposition is given by the following equation:[citation needed]

[C(NH

3]NO
3 (s) → 3 H
2O (g) + 2 N
2 (g) + C (s)

## Uses

Guanidine nitrate is used as the gas generator in automobile airbags.[5] It is less toxic than the mixture used in older airbags of sodium azide, potassium nitrate and silica (NaN
3, KNO
3, and SiO
2), and it is less explosive and sensitive to moisture compared to the very cheap ammonium nitrate (NH
4NO
3).[6]

## Safety

The compound is a hazardous substance, and is both a fuel and oxidizer. It is also harmful to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract.[4]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Sigma-Aldrich Co., Guanidine nitrate. Retrieved on 23 August 2025.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Guanidine nitrate SDS" (in en). ThermoFisher Scientific. 24 December 2021. p. 3. https://www.fishersci.com/store/msds?partNumber=AC215310010&productDescription=GUANIDINE+NITRATE,+98%+1KG&vendorId=VN00032119&countryCode=US&language=en.
3. ↑ Koch, Ernst‐Christian (March 2019). "Insensitive High Explosives: III. Nitroguanidine – Synthesis – Structure – Spectroscopy – Sensitiveness". Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 44 (3): 267–292. doi:10.1002/prep.201800253.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Güthner, Thomas; Mertschenk, Bernd; Schulz, Bernd. "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a12_545.pub2.
5. ↑ Tabuchi, Hiroko (2016-08-26). "A Cheaper Airbag, and Takata's Road to a Deadly Crisis" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/27/business/takata-airbag-recall-crisis.html.
6. ↑ Halford, Bethany (November 15, 2022). "What chemicals make airbags inflate, and how have they changed over time?". Chemical & Engineering News 100 (41). https://cen.acs.org/safety/chemicals-make-airbags-inflate-changed/100/i41. Retrieved 4 June 2023. "The chemical reaction used to deploy airbags has evolved, but one iteration resulted in massive recalls".

## External links

* Jetex: Propellants

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanidine nitrate. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Chemistry:Guanidine_nitrate&oldid=4028992"
*[CID]: Compound ID
*[H272]: May intensify fire: oxidizer
*[H302]: Harmful if swallowed
*[H319]: Causes serious eye irritation
*[H412]: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects
*[P210]: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces – No smoking
*[P220]: Keep/Store away from clothing/…/combustible materials
*[P221]: Take any precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles
*[P264]: Wash … thoroughly after handling
*[P270]: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product
*[P273]: Avoid release to the environment
*[P280]: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection
*[P305+351+338]: IF IN EYES: Rinse continuously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do – continue rinsing
*[P337+313]: Get medical advice/attention
*[P370+378]: In case of fire: Use … for extinction
*[P501]: Dispose of contents/container to …
*[mg/l]: milligrams per liter