Tellurium tetrachloride

Names
IUPAC names

Tellurium(IV) chloride
Tetratellurium hexadecachloride

Other names

Tellurium chloride

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 10026-07-0 N

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 55367 Y

PubChem CID

* 61443

UNII |

* DNY2R5498H N

InChI

* InChI=1S/Cl4Te/c1-5(2,3)4 Y

Key: SWLJJEFSPJCUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

* InChI=1/Cl4Te/c1-5(2,3)4

Key: SWLJJEFSPJCUBD-UHFFFAOYAL

SMILES

* Cl[Te](Cl)(Cl)Cl

Properties

Chemical formula

| TeCl4
Molar mass | 269.41 g/mol
Appearance  | hygroscopic pale yellow solid
(if fused, maroon liquid)
Density | 3.26 g/cm3, solid
Melting point |  224 °C (435 °F; 497 K)
Boiling point |  380 °C (716 °F; 653 K)
Structure

Crystal structure

| Monoclinic, mS80

Space group

| C12/c1, No. 15

Coordination geometry

| Distorted octahedral (Te)

Molecular shape

| Seesaw (gas phase)

Dipole moment

| 2.59 D (gas phase)
Hazards
Main hazards | Toxic, corrosive,
respiratory irritant
Related compounds

Other anions

| Tellurium tetrafluoride
Tellurium tetrabromide
Tellurium tetraiodide

Other cations

| Selenium tetrachloride
Polonium tetrachloride

Related compounds

| Tellurium dichloride

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Tellurium tetrachloride is the inorganic compound with the empirical formula TeCl4. The compound is volatile, subliming at 200 °C at 0.1 mmHg.[1] Molten TeCl4 is ionic, dissociating into TeCl3+ and Te2Cl102−.[1]

## Contents

* 1 Structure
* 2 Synthesis
* 3 Reactions
* 4 Safety considerations
* 5 References

## Structure

TeCl4 is monomeric in the gas phase, with a structure similar to that of SF4.[2] In the solid state, it is a tetrameric cubane-type cluster, consisting of a Te4Cl4 core and three terminal chloride ligands for each Te. Alternatively, this tetrameric structure can be considered as a Te4 tetrahedron with face-capping chlorines and three terminal chlorines per tellurium atom, giving each tellurium atom a distorted octahedral environment

## Synthesis

TeCl4 is prepared by chlorination of tellurium powder:

Te + 2 Cl2 → TeCl4

The reaction is initiated with heat. The product is isolated by distillation.[3]

## Reactions

Tellurium tetrachloride is the gateway compound for high valent organotellurium compounds. Arylation gives, depending on conditions, Te(C

4R)
2Cl
2, [Te(C

4R)
5]−
, [Te(C

4R)
6].[4]

TeCl4 has few applications in organic synthesis. Its equivalent weight is high, and the toxicity of organotellurium compounds is problematic. Possible applications of tellurium tetrachloride to organic synthesis have been reported.[5] It adds to alkenes to give Cl-C-C-TeCl3 derivatives, wherein the Te can be subsequently removed with sodium sulfide. Electron-rich arenes react to give aryl Te compounds. Thus, anisole gives TeCl2(C6H4OMe)2, which can be reduced to the diaryl telluride.

## Safety considerations

As is the case for other tellurium compounds, TeCl4 is toxic. It also releases HCl upon hydrolysis.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
2. ↑ Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Geoffrey; Murillo, Carlos A.; Bochmann, Manfred (1999), Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (6th ed.), New York: Wiley-Interscience, ISBN 0-471-19957-5
3. ↑ Suttle, J. F.; Smith, C. R. F. (1950). Audrieth, Ludwig F.. ed. Tellurium(IV) chloride. Inorganic Syntheses. 3. pp. 140–2. doi:10.1002/9780470132340. ISBN 978-0-470-13162-6.
4. ↑ Miyasato, Masataka; Sagami, Takao; Minoura, Mao; Yamamoto, Yohsuke; Akiba, Kin-ya (2004). "Syntheses and Reactions of Hexavalent Organotellurium Compounds Bearing Five or Six Tellurium-Carbon Bonds". Chemistry – A European Journal 10 (10): 2590–2600. doi:10.1002/chem.200305260. PMID 15146530.
5. ↑ Petragnani, N.; Comasseto, J. V. (1991). "Tellurium Reagents in Organic Synthesis; Recent Advances. Part 1". Synthesis 1991 (10): 793–817. doi:10.1055/s-1991-26577. and Petragnani, N.; Comasseto, J. V. (1991). "Tellurium Reagents in Organic Synthesis; Recent Advances. Part 2". Synthesis 1991 (11): 897–919. doi:10.1055/s-1991-26605.

* v
* t
* e

Tellurium compounds

* Te2Br
* TeBr4
* Te3Cl2
* TeCl4
* TeF4
* TeF6
* TeI4
* TeO
* TeO2
* TeO3
* TeN

* v
* t
* e

Salts and covalent derivatives of the chloride ion

HCl |  |  |  | He

|
|
|
|

LiCl | BeCl2 | BCl3
B2Cl4 | CCl4 | NCl3
ClN3 | Cl2O
ClO2
Cl2O7 | ClF
ClF3
ClF5 | Ne
NaCl | MgCl2 | AlCl
AlCl3 | SiCl4 | P2Cl4
PCl3
PCl5 | S2Cl2
SCl2
SCl4 | Cl2 | Ar
KCl | CaCl
CaCl2 | ScCl3 | TiCl2
TiCl3
TiCl4 | VCl2
VCl3
VCl4
VCl5 | CrCl2
CrCl3
CrCl4 | MnCl2 | FeCl2
FeCl3 | CoCl2
CoCl3 | NiCl2 | CuCl
CuCl2 | ZnCl2 | GaCl2
GaCl3 | GeCl2
GeCl4 | AsCl3
AsCl5 | Se2Cl2
SeCl4 | BrCl | KrCl
RbCl | SrCl2 | YCl3 | ZrCl3
ZrCl4 | NbCl4
NbCl5 | MoCl2
MoCl3
MoCl4
MoCl5
MoCl6 | TcCl4 | RuCl3 | RhCl3 | PdCl2 | AgCl | CdCl2 | InCl
InCl2
InCl3 | SnCl2
SnCl4 | SbCl3
SbCl5 | Te3Cl2
TeCl4 | ICl
ICl3 | XeCl
XeCl2
CsCl | BaCl2 |  | HfCl4 | TaCl5 | WCl2
WCl3
WCl4
WCl5
WCl6 | Re3Cl9
ReCl4
ReCl5
ReCl6 | OsCl4 | IrCl2
IrCl3
IrCl4 | PtCl2
PtCl4 | AuCl
AuCl3 | Hg2Cl2,
HgCl2 | TlCl | PbCl2,
PbCl4 | BiCl3 | PoCl2,
PoCl4 | AtCl  | RnCl2
FrCl | RaCl2 |  | Rf  | Db  | Sg  | Bh  | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og
| ↓  |  |
LaCl3 | CeCl3 | PrCl3 | NdCl2,
NdCl3 | PmCl3 | SmCl2,
SmCl3 | EuCl2,
EuCl3 | GdCl3 | TbCl3 | DyCl2,
DyCl3 | HoCl3 | ErCl3 | TmCl2
TmCl3 | YbCl2
YbCl3 | LuCl3
AcCl3 | ThCl4 | PaCl5 | UCl3
UCl4
UCl5
UCl6 | NpCl4 | PuCl3 | AmCl2
AmCl3 | CmCl3 | BkCl3 | CfCl3 | EsCl3 | Fm  | Md  | No  | LrCl3

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