Virtue

Virtue is a virtual session manager running under IBM's VM.

## Contents

* 1 The product
* 2 Development
* 3 Marketing
* 4 References

## The product

Virtue , "virtual tube", was the first session manager commercially available for the VM environment on IBM mainframes. The product allows users to use a standard 3270 monitor to control multiple sessions, whether VM/CMS, DOS/VSE, z/VSE MVS, z/OS, or other operating systems or applications such as CICS, Westi, or DUCS sessions.

Virtue runs as a highly privileged CMS task, designed to accommodate model IBM 3270 monitors and their descendants.[1] Even after competition entered the market, the product remains known for its innovation, speed, and compact size.

## Development

The product was developed by III (Independent Intelligence Incorporated) of Orlando, Florida. The software designer was Leigh Lundin.

Although the package nominally ran as a highly privileged CMS session and utilized CMS services, it deployed an internal multitasking mechanism called a "subvisor", which queued and prioritized tasks to be done.[1] Macintosh versions prior to macOS and IBM's OS/2 came to use similar mechanisms for task control.

Product development occurred at III offices within Westinghouse Automation Intelligence division, Orlando, Florida. Broad range in-depth testing was conducted at IBM's data center in Tampa, Florida and the IBM lab in Böblingen, Germany .

## Marketing

Westinghouse Electric Management Systems, SA (WEMSSA), Paris, London, Geneva, Zürich, Munich, and Amsterdam, acquired the marketing rights, initially for Europe, Africa, and the Far East.

Westinghouse Electric, Pittsburgh, subsequently acquired rights for the Americas.

After release, a number of competing products entered the market, including MultiTerm and Computer Associates' vTerm, also known as vGraf. The concept found its way onto early PC platforms at the time, notably Apple Computer's Switcher for the Macintosh and subsequent products for the IBM PC.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Virtue User Manual © 1992

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Software distribution

Licenses|

* Beerware
* Floating licensing
* Free and open-source
* Free
* Open source
* Freely redistributable
* Proprietary
* Public domain
* Source-available

Compensation models|

* Adware
* Commercial software
* Retail software
* Crippleware
* Crowdfunding
* Freemium
* Freeware
* Pay what you want
* Careware
* Donationware
* Open-core model
* Postcardware
* Shareware
* Nagware

Delivery methods|

* Digital distribution
* File sharing
* On-premises
* Pre-installed
* Product bundling
* Retail software
* Sneakernet
* Software as a service

Deceptive and/or illicit|

* Unwanted software bundling
* Malware
* Spyware
* Trojan horse
* Worm
* Ransomware
* Scareware
* Shovelware
* Vaporware

Software release life cycle|

* Abandonware
* End-of-life
* Long-term support
* Software maintenance
* Software maintainer
* Software publisher

Copy protection|

* Digital rights management
* Software protection dongle
* Hardware restrictions
* License manager
* Product activation
* Product key
* Software copyright
* Software patent
* Torrent poisoning

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Software engineering

Fields|

* Computer programming
* Requirements engineering
* Software deployment
* Software design
* Software maintenance
* Software testing
* Systems analysis
* Formal methods

Concepts|

* Data modeling
* Enterprise architecture
* Functional specification
* Modeling language
* Orthogonality
* Programming paradigm
* Software
* Software archaeology
* Software architecture
* Software configuration management
* Software development methodology
* Software development process
* Software quality
* Software quality assurance
* Software verification and validation
* Structured analysis

Orientations|

* Agile
* Aspect-oriented
* Object orientation
* Ontology
* Service orientation
* SDLC

Models|

| Developmental|

* Agile
* EUP
* Executable UML
* Incremental model
* Iterative model
* Prototype model
* RAD
* UP
* Scrum
* Spiral model
* V-Model
* Waterfall model
* XP

|

Other|

* SPICE
* CMMI
* Data model
* ER model
* Function model
* Information model
* Metamodeling
* Object model
* Systems model
* View model

Languages|

* IDEF
* UML
* USL
* SysML

Software
engineers

* Victor Basili
* Kent Beck
* Grady Booch
* Fred Brooks
* Barry Boehm
* Peter Chen
* Danese Cooper
* Ward Cunningham
* Tom DeMarco
* Edsger W. Dijkstra
* Delores M. Etter
* Martin Fowler
* Adele Goldstine
* Margaret Hamilton
* C. A. R. Hoare
* Lois Haibt
* Mary Jean Harrold
* Grace Hopper
* Watts Humphrey
* Michael A. Jackson
* Ivar Jacobson
* Alan Kay
* Nancy Leveson
* Stephen J. Mellor
* Bertrand Meyer
* David Parnas
* Trygve Reenskaug
* Winston W. Royce
* James Rumbaugh
* Mary Shaw
* Peri Tarr
* Elaine Weyuker
* Niklaus Wirth
* Edward Yourdon

Related fields|

* Computer science
* Computer engineering
* Project management
* Risk management
* Systems engineering

* Category
* Commons

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