Vaccine Research Center

Logo of the Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, USA

The Dale and Betty Bumpers Vaccine Research Center, more commonly known as the Vaccine Research Center (VRC), is an Intramural Division of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, one of the US National Institutes of Health. The mission of the VRC is "to conduct research that facilitates the development of effective vaccines for human disease." The primary focus of research is the development of vaccines for AIDS, but the VRC also is working to develop vaccines for Ebola and the Marburg virus, and therapeutic antibodies against SARS-CoV2 (the virus responsible for COVID-19).[1]

## Contents

* 1 History
* 2 Projects
* 2.1 HIV
* 2.2 Ebola
* 3 Organization
* 4 Notes and references
* 5 External links

## History

The VRC is named after the former Governor of Arkansas Dale Bumpers, and his wife Betty Flanagan Bumpers, who are known for their campaigns to promote immunization of children.[2] The center was opened under the Presidency of Bill Clinton, himself a former Arkansas Governor.[2]

In 1999, Gary Nabel was named the first director of the center by Health Secretary Donna E. Shalala.[3] Dr. Nabel served as director until 2012.[4]

The current director of the VRC is John R. Mascola, who previously served as deputy director.[5] The deputy directors are Richard A. Koup and Barney Graham.

## Projects

### HIV

In July 2010, a collaboration between the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and officials at the Vaccine Research Center found that two human HIV antibodies, named VRC01 and VRC03, could potentially be used against a wide range of types and mutations of HIV in the design of a preventive HIV vaccine for human use, as well as in the formation of better antiretroviral therapy drug cocktails. The discovery, a potentially landmark one in the drive to find a vaccine for AIDS should it be validated and further improved.

### Ebola

Dr. Nancy Sullivan played an instrumental role in developing a monoclonal antibody for Ebola.

In 2016 research efforts led by Dr. Nancy Sullivan at Vaccine Research Center and Dr. J. J. Muyembe-Tamfum from the from the Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale (INRB) in the Democratic Republic of Congo resulted in the discovery of a monoclonal antibody, mAb114, from a survivor from the 1995 Kikwit outbreak of Ebola virus disease.[6][7] mAb114 is a monoclonal antibody therapy that is being evaluated as a treatment for Ebola virus disease and has shown great success by lowering the mortality rate from 70% to about 34% in the 2018-2020 Kivu Ebola Virus Outbreak. In August 2019, Congolese health authorities, the World Health Organization, and the U.S. National Institutes of Health promoted the use of mAb114, alongside a similar Regeneron-produced treatment, over other treatments yielding higher mortality rates, after ending clinical trials during the outbreak.[8][9]

## Organization

The Vaccine Research Center has multiple Research Laboratories (currently Viral Pathogenesis, Virology, and Immunology), and Research Sections (Humoral Immunology, Structural Biology, Human Immunology, ImmunoTechnology, Cellular Immunology, and Biodefense Research), and Programs (Translational Research, Vaccine Production, and Clinical Trials).

## Notes and references

1. ↑ Philippidis, Alex (March 16, 2020). "To Develop Coronavirus Treatment, Lilly Taps AbCellera Antibody Platform". GEN: Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News. https://www.genengnews.com/news/to-develop-coronavirus-treatment-lilly-taps-abcellera-antibody-platform/. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Vaccine Research Center Mission and History". https://www.niaid.nih.gov/about/vaccine-research-center-mission-and-history. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
3. ↑ Dr. Gary Nabel Named Director of NIH Vaccine Research Center, NIH news release, accessed 7 Jan, 2009, dated March 11, 1999
4. ↑ Cohen, Jon (2012-11-15). "NIH vaccine chief Gary Nabel trades dream job for big pharma". Science. http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2012/11/nih-vaccine-chief-gary-nabel-trades-dream-job-big-pharma. Retrieved 2016-12-04.
5. ↑ "John R. Mascola, M.D.". https://www.niaid.nih.gov/about/john-r-mascola-md-bio. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
6. ↑ "Protective monotherapy against lethal Ebola virus infection by a potently neutralizing antibody". Science 351 (6279): 1339–42. March 2016. doi:10.1126/science.aad5224. PMID 26917593. Bibcode: 2016Sci...351.1339C.
7. ↑ Hayden, Erika Check (2016-02-26). "Ebola survivor's blood holds promise of new treatment" (in en). Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2016.19440. ISSN 1476-4687. https://www.nature.com/news/ebola-survivor-s-blood-holds-promise-of-new-treatment-1.19440.
8. ↑ McNeil, Donald G. (12 August 2019). "A Cure for Ebola? Two New Treatments Prove Highly Effective in Congo". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/12/health/ebola-outbreak-cure.html.
9. ↑ Molteni, Megan (12 August 2019). "Ebola is Now Curable. Here's How The New Treatments Work". Wired. https://www.wired.com/story/ebola-is-now-curable-heres-how-the-new-treatments-work/.

## External links

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