Tulipa humilis

Short description: Species of flowering plant

Tulipa humilis

Tulipa humilis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:  | Plantae
Clade:  | Tracheophytes
Clade:  | Angiosperms
Clade:  | Monocots
Order:  | Liliales
Family:  | Liliaceae
Subfamily:  | Lilioideae
Tribe:  | Lilieae
Genus:  | Tulipa
Subgenus:  | Tulipa subg. Eriostemones
Species:  |

T. humilis

Binomial name
Tulipa humilis

Herb.[1]

Varieties[2]

* Tulipa humilis var. aucheriana (Baker) Christenh.
* Tulipa humilis var. humilis
* Tulipa humilis var. kurdica (Wendelbo) Christenh.
* Tulipa humilis var. pulchella (Fenzl ex Regel) Christenh.
* Tulipa humilis var. violacea (Boiss. & Buhse) Christenh.

Synonyms[3]

Synonymy

* Tulipa lownei Baker
* Tulipa lownei var. haynei Baker
* Tulipa caucasica Lipsky
* Tulipa violacea var. pallida Hausskn.
* Tulipa lipskyi Grossh.
* Tulipa narcissiodora Markgr.
* Tulipa humilis subsp. matinae Zojajifar & Sheidai

Tulipa humilis is a species of flowering plant in the lily family Liliaceae, found in Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Turkey, Iran, and the North Caucasus region of Russia.[3] The flowers are pink with yellow centers. Its preferred habitat are rocky mountain slopes.[1][4][5] It is known by several other names in horticulture.[6][7][8][9][10]

## Varieties and synonyms

Tulipa humilis is a very variable species in both size and the appearance of the flowers. Five varieties are accepted,[2] and different synonyms are used in horticulture.

* Tulipa humilis var. aucheriana (Baker) Christenh. (synonyms Tulipa aucheriana Baker and T. aucheriana subsp. westii Mouterde) – southeastern Turkey, Anti-Lebanon, Iran, and Afghanistan.[11] Cultivated plants can be treated as a cultivar group, T. humilis Aucheriana Group.[9]
* Tulipa humilis var. humilis (synonyms Tulipa caucasica Lipsky, T. humilis subsp. matinae Zojajifar & Sheidai, T. lipskyi Grossh., T. lownei Baker, T. lownei var. haynei Baker, T. narcissiodora Markgr., and T. violacea var. pallida Hausskn.) – southeastern Turkey, Anti-Lebanon, North Caucasus, and northern Iran.[12]
* Tulipa humilis var. kurdica (Wendelbo) Christenh. (synonym Tulipa kurdica Wendelbo) – northern Iraq[13]
* Tulipa humilis var. pulchella (Fenzl ex Regel) Christenh. (synonyms Tulipa pulchella (Fenzl ex Regel) Baker, T. sylvestris var. pulchella Fenzl ex Regel, T. alpina J.Gay ex Baker) – southern and south-central Turkey, northern Iraq, and northern Iran.[14] Cultivated plants are in the T. humilis Pulchella Group.[9]
* Tulipa humilis var. violacea (Boiss. & Buhse) Christenh. (synonym Tulipa violacea Boiss. & Buhse) – southeastern Transcaucasus.[15] Cultivated plants are in the T. humilis Violacea Group.[9]

## Cultivation

Under the synonym Tulipa aucheriana this plant has been given the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [16]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Edwards's Bot. Reg. 30(Misc.): 30 (1844)
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Tulipa humilis Herb.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:542952-1.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
4. ↑ Pacific Bulb Society
5. ↑ Herbert, William 1844. Edwards's Botanical Register 30: 30–31 description in Latin, commentary in English.
6. ↑ Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1984). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 8: 1-632. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
7. ↑ Rechinger, K.H., Browicz, K., Persson, K. & Wendelbo, P. (1990). Flora Iranica 165: 1-194. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
8. ↑ Everett, D. (2013). The genus Tulipa Tulips of the world: 1-380. Kew publishing, Kew.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Christenhusz, Maarten J.M.; Govaerts, Rafaël; David, John C.; Hall, Tony; Borland, Katherine; Roberts, Penelope S.; Tuomisto, Anne; Buerki, Sven et al. (2013). "Tiptoe through the tulips – cultural history, molecular phylogenetics and classification of Tulipa (Liliaceae)". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 172 (3): 280–328. doi:10.1111/boj.12061.
10. ↑ Eker, I., Babaç, M.T. & Koyuncu, M. (2014). Revision of the genus Tulipa L. (Liliaceae) in Turkey. Phytotaxa 157: 1-112.
11. ↑ "Tulipa humilis var. aucheriana (Baker) Christenh.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77130016-1.
12. ↑ "Tulipa humilis var. humilis". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77172771-1.
13. ↑ "Tulipa humilis var. kurdica (Wendelbo) Christenh.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77130017-1.
14. ↑ "Tulipa humilis var. pulchella (Fenzl ex Regel) Christenh.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77130359-1.
15. ↑ "Tulipa humilis var. violacea (Boiss. & Buhse) Christenh.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77130015-1.
16. ↑ "Tulipa aucheriana". Royal Horticultural Society. https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/18493/Tulipa-aucheriana-(15)/Details.

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