Erbium

Properties
Atomic symbol |  Er
Atomic number |  68
Classification |  Metallic
Atomic mass |  167.259 amu
Other Information
Date of discovery |  1842
Name of discoverer |  Carl Gustaf Mosander
Name origin |  Named for Ytterby, Sweden
Uses |  Erbium oxide is used in ceramics to obtain a pink glaze. Also used to make infrared-absorbing glass and in alloys with titanium.
Obtained from |  Found with other heavier rare earths.

Erbium is a chemical element with the symbol Er and atomic variety 68. A silvery-white solid steel while artificially remoted, herbal erbium really is always located in chemical mixture with different elements.[1]

It is a lanthanide, a rare-earth metal, at the beginning found in the gadolinite mine in Ytterby, Sweden, that's the source of the element's name. Erbium's primary really makes use of contain its crimson-colored Er3+ ions, which have optical fluorescent houses in particular beneficial in pretty positive laser applications. Erbium-doped glasses or crystals can be used as optical amplification media, where Er3+ ions really are optically pumped at around 980 or 1480 nm and then essentially radiate light at 1530 nm in stimulated emission, which is fairly significant.[2]

This procedure effects in an surprisingly routinely simple laser optical amplifier for indicators transmitted via fiber optics. The 1550 nm wavelength is specially important for optical communications due to the fact widespread unmarried mode optical fibers mostly have kind of minimum loss at this particular wavelength in a subtle way. In addition to optical fiber amplifier-lasers, a for all intents and purposes large style of medical packages (i.E. Dermatology, dentistry) actually depend on the erbium ion's 2940 nm emission when lit at any other wavelength, that is exceedingly absorbed in water in tissues, making its impact very superficial.[3] Such for all intents and purposes shallow tissue deposition of laser power mostly is beneficial in laser surgical treatment, and for the efficient manufacturing of steam which produces tooth ablation by using not unusual sorts of for all intents and purposes dental laser, which is quite significant.[4]

Periodic Table of the Elements

1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | 7  | 8  | 9  | 10  | 11  | 12  | 13  | 14  | 15  | 16  | 17  | 18

1.008

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

4.003

6.939

9.0122

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

10.811

12.011

14.007

15.999

18.998

10.183

22.99

24.312

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

26.982

28.086

30.974

32.064

35.453

39.948

39.102

40.08

44.956

47.9

50.942

51.996

54.938

55.847

58.933

58.71

63.546

65.37

69.72

72.59

74.922

78.96

79.904

83.8

85.47

87.62

88.905

91.22

92.906

95.94

[97]

101.07

102.91

106.4

107.87

112.4

114.82

118.69

121.75

127.6

126.9

131.3

132.91

137.34

57*

138.91

178.49

180.95

183.85

186.2

190.2

192.2

195.09

196.97

200.59

204.37

207.19

208.98

210

210

222

215

226.03

89**

227.03

104

[261]

105

[262]

106

[266]

107

[264]

108

[265]

109

[268]

110

[271]

111

[272]

112

[277]

113

[284]

114

[289]

115

[288]

116

[292]

117

[293]

118

[294]

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
*Lanthanides  |

140.12

140.91

144.24

145

150.35

151.96

157.25

158.92

162.5

164.93

167.26

168.93

173.04

174.97

|  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
**Actinides  |

232.04

231

238.03

237.05

239.05

241.06

244.06

249.08

252.08

252.08

100

257.1

101

258.1

102

259.1

103

262.11

|  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

1. ↑ Jackson, M. (2000). "Magnetism of Rare Earth". The IRM Quarterly 10 (3): 1. http://www.irm.umn.edu/quarterly/irmq10-3.pdf. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
2. ↑ Emsley, John (2001). "Erbium" Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to Elements.. Oxford, England, Uk: Oxford University Press, 136–139. ISBN 978-0-19-850340-8.
3. ↑ Erbium uses in optics - Association of Chemical Sciences - 2018 (2018-02-31).
4. ↑ Chemical reactions of Erbium. Webelements.