Molybdenum tetrachloride

Names
IUPAC name

Molybdenum tetrachloride

Other names

Molybdenum(IV) chloride

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 13320-71-3 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 75200 N

PubChem CID

* 83340

UNII |

* 6417YBA168 Y

InChI

* InChI=1S/4ClH.Mo/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4 N

Key: OYMJNIHGVDEDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-J N

* InChI=1/4ClH.Mo/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4/rCl4Mo/c1-5(2,3)4

Key: OYMJNIHGVDEDFX-DFQGPNMMAB

SMILES

* Cl[Mo](Cl)(Cl)Cl

Properties

Chemical formula

| Cl4Mo
Molar mass | 237.752 g/mol
Appearance  | black solid
Melting point |  552 °C (1,026 °F; 825 K)

Solubility in water

| Decomposes
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)  |

Flash point | Non flammable
Related compounds

Related compounds

| Molybdenum(II) chloride
Molybdenum(III) chloride
Molybdenum(V) chloride

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Molybdenum tetrachloride is the inorganic compound with the empirical formula MoCl4. The material exists as two polymorphs, both being dark-colored paramagnetic solids. These compounds are mainly of interest as precursors to other molybdenum complexes.

## Contents

* 1 Structure
* 2 Preparation
* 3 Reactions
* 4 References

## Structure

The α polymorph is a polymer. The β polymorph is a hexamer. In both polymorph, the Mo center is octahedral with two terminal chloride ligands and four doubly bridging ligands.[1] In addition to these two binary phases, a number of adducts are know with the formula MoCl

2 where L is a Lewis base.

## Preparation

α-Molybdenum tetrachloride can be prepared from by dechlorination of molybdenum pentachloride using tetrachloroethene:[2]

2 MoCl5 \+ C2Cl4 → 2 MoCl4 \+ C2Cl6

Heating α-molybdenum tetrachloride in a sealed container in the presence of molybdenum pentachloride induces conversion to the β polymorph.[2]

## Reactions

When heated in an open container, molybdenum tetrachloride evolves chlorine, giving molybdenum trichloride;[2]

2 MoCl4 → 2 MoCl3 \+ Cl2

The acetonitrile complex adduct can be prepared by reduction of the pentachloride with acetonitrile:[3][4]

2 MoCl5 \+ 5 CH3CN → 2 MoCl4(CH3CN)2 \+ ClCH2CN + HCl

The MeCN ligands can be exchanged with other ligands:

MoCl4(CH3CN)2 \+ 2 THF → MoCl4(THF)2 \+ 2 CH3CN

The pentachloride can be reduced to the ether complex MoCl4(Et2O)2 using tin powder. It is a beige, paramagnetic solid.[5]

## References

1. ↑ Ulrich Müller (1981). "Hexameric Molybdenum Tetrachloride". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 20 (8): 692. doi:10.1002/anie.198106921.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 McCann III, E. L.; Brown, T. M. (1970). "Molybdenum(IV) Chloride". Inorganic Syntheses. Inorganic Syntheses. 12. p. 181. doi:10.1002/9780470132432.ch31. ISBN 9780470132432.
3. ↑ Broderick, Erin M.; Browne, Samuel C.; Johnson, Marc J. A. (2014). "Dimolybdenum and Ditungsten Hexa(Alkoxides)". Inorganic Syntheses: Volume 36. Inorganic Syntheses. 36. pp. 95–102. doi:10.1002/9781118744994.ch18. ISBN 9781118744994.
4. ↑ Dilworth, Jonathan R.; Richards, Raymond L. (1990). "The Synthesis of Molybdenum and Tungsten Dinitrogen Complexes". Inorganic Syntheses. Inorganic Syntheses. 28. p. 33. doi:10.1002/9780470132593.ch7. ISBN 9780470132593.
5. ↑ Maria, Sébastien; Poli, Rinaldo (2014). "Ether Complexes of Molybdenum(III) and Molybdenum(IV) chlorides". Inorganic Syntheses: Volume 36. Inorganic Syntheses. 36. pp. 15–18. doi:10.1002/9781118744994.ch03. ISBN 9781118744994.

* v
* t
* e

Molybdenum compounds

Mo(0)|

* Mo(CO)6

Mo(II)|

* MoBr2
* MoCl2
* MoSi2

Mo(III)|

* MoBr3
* MoCl3
* MoI3
* Mo2O3

Mo(IV)|

* MoCl4
* MoF4
* MoO2
* MoS2

Mo(V)|

* MoCl5
* MoF5
* Mo2O5

Mo(VI)|

* MoF6
* MoO3
* MoS3

* v
* t
* e

Salts and covalent derivatives of the chloride ion

HCl |  |  |  | He

|
|
|
|

LiCl | BeCl2 | BCl3
B2Cl4 | CCl4 | NCl3
ClN3 | Cl2O
ClO2
Cl2O7 | ClF
ClF3
ClF5 | Ne
NaCl | MgCl2 | AlCl
AlCl3 | SiCl4 | P2Cl4
PCl3
PCl5 | S2Cl2
SCl2
SCl4 | Cl2 | Ar
KCl | CaCl
CaCl2 | ScCl3 | TiCl2
TiCl3
TiCl4 | VCl2
VCl3
VCl4
VCl5 | CrCl2
CrCl3
CrCl4 | MnCl2 | FeCl2
FeCl3 | CoCl2
CoCl3 | NiCl2 | CuCl
CuCl2 | ZnCl2 | GaCl2
GaCl3 | GeCl2
GeCl4 | AsCl3
AsCl5 | Se2Cl2
SeCl4 | BrCl | KrCl
RbCl | SrCl2 | YCl3 | ZrCl3
ZrCl4 | NbCl4
NbCl5 | MoCl2
MoCl3
MoCl4
MoCl5
MoCl6 | TcCl4 | RuCl3 | RhCl3 | PdCl2 | AgCl | CdCl2 | InCl
InCl2
InCl3 | SnCl2
SnCl4 | SbCl3
SbCl5 | Te3Cl2
TeCl4 | ICl
ICl3 | XeCl
XeCl2
CsCl | BaCl2 |  | HfCl4 | TaCl5 | WCl2
WCl3
WCl4
WCl5
WCl6 | Re3Cl9
ReCl4
ReCl5
ReCl6 | OsCl4 | IrCl2
IrCl3
IrCl4 | PtCl2
PtCl4 | AuCl
AuCl3 | Hg2Cl2,
HgCl2 | TlCl | PbCl2,
PbCl4 | BiCl3 | PoCl2,
PoCl4 | AtCl  | RnCl2
FrCl | RaCl2 |  | Rf  | Db  | Sg  | Bh  | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og
| ↓  |  |
LaCl3 | CeCl3 | PrCl3 | NdCl2,
NdCl3 | PmCl3 | SmCl2,
SmCl3 | EuCl2,
EuCl3 | GdCl3 | TbCl3 | DyCl2,
DyCl3 | HoCl3 | ErCl3 | TmCl2
TmCl3 | YbCl2
YbCl3 | LuCl3
AcCl3 | ThCl4 | PaCl5 | UCl3
UCl4
UCl5
UCl6 | NpCl4 | PuCl3 | AmCl2
AmCl3 | CmCl3 | BkCl3 | CfCl3 | EsCl3 | Fm  | Md  | No  | LrCl3

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