Standard model (set theory)

In set theory, a standard model for a theory T is a model M for T where the membership relation ∈M is the same as the membership relation ∈ of the set theoretical universe V (restricted to the domain of M). In other words, M is a substructure of V. A standard model M that satisfies the additional transitivity condition that x∈y∈M implies x∈M is a standard transitive model (or simply a transitive model).

Usually, when one talks about a model M of set theory, it is assumed that M is a set model, i.e. the domain of M is a set in V. If the domain of M is a proper class, then M is a class model. An inner model is necessarily a class model.

## References

* Cohen, P. J. (1966). Set theory and the continuum hypothesis. Addison–Wesley. ISBN 978-0-8053-2327-6.
* Chow, Timothy Y. (2007). "A beginner's guide to forcing". arXiv:0712.1320 [math.LO].

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