City elections in Seattle, Washington (August 6, 2019 primary election)

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2019 Seattle elections

Election dates
Filing deadline: May 17, 2019
Primary election: August 6, 2019
General election: November 5, 2019
Election stats
Offices up: City council
Total seats up: 7
Election type: Nonpartisan
Other municipal elections
U.S. municipal elections, 2019

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The city of Seattle, Washington, held elections for city council Districts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 on November 5, 2019. A primary election was held on August 6, 2019. The top two candidates advanced from the August 6 primary election to the Nov. 5 general election.[1] This page covers the primary election. Click here for coverage of the general election.

Incumbents in districts 2, 4, 6, and 7 did not seek re-election. Between seven and 14 candidates filed to run for each of the four open seats. Three incumbents ran for re-election, and all three advanced from the primary election. Lisa Herbold (District 1) faced two challengers in the primary. Kshama Sawant (District 3) and Debora Juarez (District 5) each faced five.

The elections occurred a year after the repeal of the 2018 head tax proposal, which would have required businesses grossing at least $20 million to pay $275 per employee in order to fund affordable housing programs for the homeless. The city council voted to pass the head tax 9-0 in May 2018 but then repealed it by a 7-2 vote in June 2018 after running into opposition from the city’s business community, including online retailer Amazon. Sawant and Position 8 At-large Councilmember Teresa Mosqueda cast the two votes against repealing the tax. Juarez and Herbold voted with five others to repeal it.[2]

The Seattle Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce opposed the head tax.[3] The Chamber's political action committee, Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy (CASE), endorsed nine candidates across the seven races and raised more than $1 million as of July 31, 2019 (including $250,000 from Amazon). It had spent $477,000 supporting endorsed candidates and opposing Herbold and Sawant through the primaries. One CASE-endorsed candidate advanced from each of the seven primary elections.

Through the primary elections, the races had seen $976,000 in total satellite spending, which was more than in the 2015 primary and general elections combined for the seven district seats.[4][5]

Positions 8 and 9 on the council, at-large seats held by Mosqueda and M. Lorena González, respectively, were not up for election until 2021.[6]

Across all seven elections, 56 candidates filed to run.[7] In 2015, 37 candidates filed for the same seven seats. This was the second election in which a voter voucher program was being used to provide public funding to campaigns. It was also the second election in recent history in which councilmembers were elected by district; from 1910 to 2013, all Seattle councilmembers were elected at large.

| Seattle voter? Dates you need to know.

Candidate Filing Deadline| May 17, 2019
Online/Mail Primary Election Registration Deadline| July 29, 2019
Online/Mail General Election Registration Deadline| October 28, 2019
Primary Election| August 6, 2019
General Election| November 5, 2019
Voting information
Voting method| Voting is conducted by mail
Go to this page to find your county voting center.

Recapping Seattle's City Council Primary - Ballotpedia's "Beyond the Headlines" series

This election was a battleground race. Other 2019 battlegrounds included:

* Mayoral election in Jacksonville, Florida (2019)
* Mayoral election in Kansas City, Missouri (2019)
* Mayoral election in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (May 21, 2019 Democratic primary)

|

## Contents

* 1 Candidates and results
* 2 District 1
* 3 District 2
* 4 District 3
* 5 District 4
* 6 District 5
* 7 District 6
* 8 District 7
* 8.1 Races with incumbents seeking re-election
* 8.1.1 District 1
* 8.1.1.1 Campaign finance
* 8.1.1.2 Endorsements
* 8.1.2 District 3
* 8.1.2.1 Campaign finance
* 8.1.2.2 Endorsements
* 8.1.3 District 5
* 8.1.3.1 Campaign finance
* 8.1.3.2 Endorsements
* 8.2 Open-seat races
* 8.2.1 Endorsements
* 8.2.1.1 District 2
* 8.2.1.2 District 4
* 8.2.1.3 District 6
* 8.2.1.4 District 7
* 8.2.2 Campaign finance
* 8.2.2.1 District 2
* 8.2.2.2 District 4
* 8.2.2.3 District 6
* 8.2.2.4 District 7
* 8.3 Voucher program data
* 8.4 Satellite spending
* 8.5 Candidate survey
* 8.5.1 Candidate survey
* 8.6 Noteworthy events
* 8.6.1 Changes in election governance
* 8.7 Other elections on the ballot
* 8.7.1 Ballot measures
* 8.7.2 City measure
* 8.7.3 County measure
* 8.7.4 Additional elections on the ballot
* 8.8 Past elections
* 8.8.1 2017
* 8.8.1.1 City council, Position 8
* 8.8.1.1.1 General election
* 8.8.1.1.2 Primary election
* 8.8.1.2 City council, Position 9
* 8.8.1.2.1 General election
* 8.8.1.2.2 Primary election
* 8.8.2 2015
* 8.8.2.1 General election
* 8.8.2.2 Primary election
* 8.9 About the city
* 8.9.1 City government
* 8.9.2 Demographics
* 8.10 State profile
* 8.10.1 Partisan data
* 8.11 See also
* 8.12 External links
* 8.13 Footnotes

## Candidates and results[edit]

Click the tabs below to see results for each district.

# District 1[edit]

General election

##### General election for Seattle City Council District 1

Incumbent Lisa Herbold defeated Phil Tavel in the general election for Seattle City Council District 1 on November 5, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Lisa Herbold (Nonpartisan)  |

55.7

| 20,033

| Phil Tavel (Nonpartisan) |

43.9

| 15,787
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.4

| 139

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 35,959

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

##### Nonpartisan primary for Seattle City Council District 1

Incumbent Lisa Herbold and Phil Tavel defeated Brendan Kolding in the primary for Seattle City Council District 1 on August 6, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Lisa Herbold (Nonpartisan)  |

50.6

| 13,405
✔ |

| Phil Tavel (Nonpartisan) |

32.3

| 8,558

| Brendan Kolding (Nonpartisan)  |

16.7

| 4,435
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.3

| 85

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source 1 Source 2

| Total votes: 26,483

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

# District 2[edit]

General election

##### General election for Seattle City Council District 2

Tammy Morales defeated Mark Solomon in the general election for Seattle City Council District 2 on November 5, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Tammy Morales (Nonpartisan)  |

60.5

| 16,379

| Mark Solomon (Nonpartisan)  |

39.1

| 10,586
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.4

| 121

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 27,086

|
|

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

##### Nonpartisan primary for Seattle City Council District 2

The following candidates ran in the primary for Seattle City Council District 2 on August 6, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Tammy Morales (Nonpartisan)  |

50.1

| 10,630
✔ |

| Mark Solomon (Nonpartisan)  |

23.2

| 4,923

| Ari Hoffman (Nonpartisan)  |

11.5

| 2,451

| Phyllis Porter (Nonpartisan)  |

5.9

| 1,254

| Chris Peguero (Nonpartisan) |

4.7

| 1,000

| Omari Tahir-Garrett (Nonpartisan)  |

2.9

| 607

| Henry Dennison (Nonpartisan)  |

1.4

| 304
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.3

| 61

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source 1 Source 2

| Total votes: 21,230

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

# District 3[edit]

General election

##### General election for Seattle City Council District 3

Incumbent Kshama Sawant defeated Egan Orion in the general election for Seattle City Council District 3 on November 5, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Kshama Sawant (Nonpartisan) |

51.8

| 22,263

| Egan Orion (Nonpartisan) |

47.7

| 20,488
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.5

| 205

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 42,956

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

##### Nonpartisan primary for Seattle City Council District 3

The following candidates ran in the primary for Seattle City Council District 3 on August 6, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Kshama Sawant (Nonpartisan) |

36.7

| 12,088
✔ |

| Egan Orion (Nonpartisan) |

21.5

| 7,078

| Pat Murakami (Nonpartisan) |

13.0

| 4,279

| Zachary DeWolf (Nonpartisan)  |

12.6

| 4,147

| Ami Nguyen (Nonpartisan)  |

9.2

| 3,028

| Logan Bowers (Nonpartisan) |

6.8

| 2,250
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.2

| 59

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source 1 Source 2

| Total votes: 32,929

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

# District 4[edit]

General election

##### General election for Seattle City Council District 4

Alex Pedersen defeated Shaun Scott in the general election for Seattle City Council District 4 on November 5, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Alex Pedersen (Nonpartisan)  |

51.9

| 16,954

| Shaun Scott (Nonpartisan) |

47.7

| 15,568
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.4

| 119

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 32,641

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

##### Nonpartisan primary for Seattle City Council District 4

The following candidates ran in the primary for Seattle City Council District 4 on August 6, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Alex Pedersen (Nonpartisan)  |

40.4

| 10,447
✔ |

| Shaun Scott (Nonpartisan) |

23.3

| 6,020

| Emily Myers (Nonpartisan)  |

12.8

| 3,326

| Cathy Tuttle (Nonpartisan)  |

12.8

| 3,322

| Heidi Stuber (Nonpartisan)  |

3.8

| 981

| Beth Mountsier (Nonpartisan)  |

2.8

| 718

| Sasha Anderson (Nonpartisan) |

1.3

| 328

| Joshua Newman (Nonpartisan)  |

1.2

| 317

| Frank Krueger (Nonpartisan)  |

0.9

| 237

| Ethan Hunter (Nonpartisan)  |

0.5

| 119
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.3

| 71

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source 1 Source 2

| Total votes: 25,886

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

# District 5[edit]

General election

##### General election for Seattle City Council District 5

Incumbent Debora Juarez defeated Ann Davison in the general election for Seattle City Council District 5 on November 5, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Debora Juarez (Nonpartisan)  |

60.6

| 19,532

| Ann Davison (Nonpartisan) |

39.1

| 12,588
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.4

| 114

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 32,234

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

##### Nonpartisan primary for Seattle City Council District 5

The following candidates ran in the primary for Seattle City Council District 5 on August 6, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Debora Juarez (Nonpartisan)  |

45.1

| 11,085
✔ |

| Ann Davison (Nonpartisan) |

26.7

| 6,564

| John Lombard (Nonpartisan) |

13.0

| 3,201

| Tayla Mahoney (Nonpartisan)  |

7.1

| 1,742

| Mark Mendez (Nonpartisan)  |

6.3

| 1,558

| Alex Tsimerman (Nonpartisan)  |

1.5

| 376
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.2

| 50

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source 1 Source 2

| Total votes: 24,576

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

# District 6[edit]

General election

##### General election for Seattle City Council District 6

Dan Strauss defeated Heidi Wills in the general election for Seattle City Council District 6 on November 5, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Dan Strauss (Nonpartisan)  |

55.7

| 23,868

| Heidi Wills (Nonpartisan)  |

43.8

| 18,799
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.5

| 221

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 42,888

|
|

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

##### Nonpartisan primary for Seattle City Council District 6

The following candidates ran in the primary for Seattle City Council District 6 on August 6, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Dan Strauss (Nonpartisan)  |

34.1

| 11,328
✔ |

| Heidi Wills (Nonpartisan)  |

21.2

| 7,048

| Sergio García (Nonpartisan)  |

14.3

| 4,730

| Jay Fathi (Nonpartisan)  |

13.2

| 4,367

| Kate Martin (Nonpartisan)  |

3.4

| 1,137

| Jon Lisbin (Nonpartisan) |

3.2

| 1,063

| Jeremy Cook (Nonpartisan)  |

2.5

| 829

| Melissa Hall (Nonpartisan)  |

2.5

| 820

| Ed Pottharst (Nonpartisan)  |

1.8

| 599

| John Peeples (Nonpartisan)  |

1.4

| 452

| Joey Massa (Nonpartisan) |

0.9

| 299

| Terry Rice (Nonpartisan)  |

0.9

| 287

| Kara Ceriello (Nonpartisan)  |

0.4

| 146

| Bobby Miller (Nonpartisan)  |

| 0
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.2

| 67

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source 1 Source 2

| Total votes: 33,172

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

# District 7[edit]

General election

##### General election for Seattle City Council District 7

Andrew Lewis defeated Jim Pugel in the general election for Seattle City Council District 7 on November 5, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Andrew Lewis (Nonpartisan) |

53.0

| 18,336

| Jim Pugel (Nonpartisan)  |

46.6

| 16,122
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.4

| 152

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 34,610

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

##### Nonpartisan primary for Seattle City Council District 7

The following candidates ran in the primary for Seattle City Council District 7 on August 6, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Andrew Lewis (Nonpartisan) |

31.7

| 8,409
✔ |

| Jim Pugel (Nonpartisan)  |

24.8

| 6,566

| Daniela Lipscomb-Eng (Nonpartisan)  |

9.8

| 2,591

| Michael George (Nonpartisan)  |

9.3

| 2,460

| Gene Burrus (Nonpartisan)  |

5.7

| 1,501

| Jason Williams (Nonpartisan)  |

5.1

| 1,347

| Don Harper (Nonpartisan) |

4.8

| 1,265

| James Donaldson (Nonpartisan)  |

3.1

| 824

| Naveed Jamali (Nonpartisan)  |

3.0

| 788

| Isabelle Kerner (Nonpartisan) |

2.6

| 691
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.3

| 80

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source 1 Source 2

| Total votes: 26,522

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

## Races with incumbents seeking re-election[edit]

### District 1[edit]

Incumbent Lisa Herbold was first elected in 2015, defeating Shannon Braddock by a margin of 0.2 percentage points. She faced former police lieutenant Brendan Kolding and attorney Phil Tavel in the August 6, 2019, primary election.[8]

#### Campaign finance[edit]

#### Endorsements[edit]

Do you know of an official or organization that endorsed a candidate in this race? Let Ballotpedia know by email at elections@ballotpedia.org.

For endorsement lists on campaign websites, click the following links:

* Lisa Herbold
* Brendan Kolding
* Phil Tavel

Endorsements

Endorsement  | Herbold | Kolding | Tavel
Elected officials
U.S. Rep. Pramila Jayapal (D) | ✔ |  |
Seattle City Councilmember M. Lorena González | ✔ |  |
State Sen. Joe Nguyen | ✔ |  |
State Sen. Bob Hasegawa | ✔ |  |
State Rep. Zack Hudgins | ✔ |  |
State Rep. Steve Bergquist | ✔ |  |
State Rep. Mia Gregerson | ✔ |  |
State Rep. Nicole Macri | ✔ |  |
State Rep. Javier Valdez | ✔ |  |
King County Councilmember Joe McDermott | ✔ |  |
King County Councilmember Rod Dembowski | ✔ |  |
King County Councilmember Larry Gossett | ✔ |  |
Port Commissioner Peter Steinbrueck | ✔ |  |
Tukwila Councilmember De’Sean Quinn | ✔ |  |
Seattle School Board President Leslie Harris | ✔ |  |
Sewer District Commissioner Bill Tracy | ✔ |  |
Newspapers and editorials
The Stranger editorial board[9] | ✔ |  |
The Seattle Times editorial board  |  |  | ✔
Unions
Martin Luther King County Labor Council  | ✔ |  |
Ironworkers Local 86 | ✔ |  |
UNITE HERE Local 8 | ✔ |  |
Service Employees International Union Local 6 | ✔ |  |
Service Employees International Union Local 1199 | ✔ |  |
Laborers Local 242 | ✔ |  |
International Union of Painters & Allied Trades District Council 5 | ✔ |  |
Pier Truckers Association |  |  | ✔
Organizations
King County Democrats | ✔ |  |
National Women’s Political Caucus | ✔ |  |
King County Young Democrats | ✔ |  |
11th District Democrats | ✔ |  |
Fuse Washington[10] | ✔ |  |
West Seattle Health Club |  |  ✔ |
Seattle King County Realtors |  |  | ✔
Washington Technology Industry Association  |  |  | ✔
PACs
Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy |  |  | ✔
Seattle Hospitality For Progress |  |  | ✔

### District 3[edit]

Incumbent Kshama Sawant was first elected in 2013, when she defeated incumbent Richard Conlin by a margin of 1.8 percentage points. She faced cannabis store owner Logan Bowers, Seattle School Board member Zachary DeWolf, public defender Ami Nguyen, Capitol Hill Chamber of Commerce director Egan Orion, and IT company owner Pat Murakami in the August 6, 2019, primary election.[8]

#### Campaign finance[edit]

#### Endorsements[edit]

Do you know of an official or organization that endorsed a candidate in this race? Let Ballotpedia know by email at elections@ballotpedia.org.

For endorsement lists on campaign websites, click the following links:

* Logan Bowers
* Zachary DeWolf
* Pat Murakami
* Ami Nguyen
* Egan Orion
* Kshama Sawant

Endorsements

Endorsement  | Bowers | DeWolf | Murakami | Nguyen | Orion | Sawant
Elected officials
State Rep. Gerry Pollet |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
State Rep. Cindy Ryu |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
State Rep. Gael Tarleton |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Seattle City Councilwoman M. Lorena González |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Seattle City Councilwoman Teresa Mosqueda |  |  ✔  |  |  |  |
Seattle City Councilwoman Debora Juarez |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Seattle Port Commissioner Ryan Calkins |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Seattle School Board President Leslie Harris |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Seattle School Board Vice President Rick Burke |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Seattle School Board Director Jill Geary |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Seattle School Board director Scott Pinkham |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Seattle School Board director Eden Mack |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Seattle School Board director Betty Patu |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
King County Councilmember Larry Gossett |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
Individuals
Philosopher and activist Noam Chomsky[11] |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
Former Seattle Mayor and City Councilmember Tim Burgess |  |  |  |  |  ✔ |
Unions
Martin Luther King County Labor Council |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Teamsters 117 |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Teamsters 174 |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Teamsters 763 |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Ironworkers Local 86 |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Seattle Plumbers and Pipefitters Local 32 |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Service Employees International Union Local 775 |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
HOD Carriers and Laborers Union Local 242 |  ✔ |  |  |  |  |
Seattle Education Association  |  |  |  |  ✔ |  |
Service Employees International Union Local 925  |  |  |  |  ✔ |  |
UNITE HERE Local 8  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
Washington Federation of State Employees Local 3488  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
Washington Federation of State Employees Local 304  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
Washington Federation of State Employees Local 1488  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
International Union of Operating Engineers Local 809  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
American Postal Workers Union - Greater Seattle Local  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
Laborers Local 1239  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
Amalgamated Transit Union Local 587  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
United Academic Workers 4121  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
United Academic Workers 1981  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
Service Employees International Union Local 6  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
Newspapers and editorials
The Seattle Times editorial board  |  |  |  |  |  ✔ |
The Stranger editorial board[9] |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
Organizations
King County Young Democrats |  |  ✔ |  | ✔  |  |
Washington High School Democrats |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Women of Color in Politics |  |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Seattle Subway |  ✔ |  ✔ |  |  |  |
Downtown Seattle Association  |  ✔ |  |  |  |  |
King County Democrats  |  | ✔  |  |  ✔ |  |
Fuse Washington[10] |  | ✔  |  |  |  | ✔
Speak Out Seattle |  |  |  ✔ |  |  |
Washington Technology Industry Association  |  |  |  |  | ✔  |
Seattle Democratic Socialists of America  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
National Women's Political Caucus of Washington  |  |  |  |  ✔ |  | ✔
Socialist Alternative  |  |  |  |  |  | ✔
PACs
Moms for Seattle  |  |  |  ✔ |  |  |
Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy |  |  |  |  |  ✔ |

### District 5[edit]

Incumbent Debora Juarez was first elected in 2015, receiving 64 percent of the vote. She faced environmental policy consultant John Lombard, electrical administrator Tayla Mahoney, community organizer Mark Mendez, attorney Ann Davison Sattler, and former U.S. Senate and mayoral candidate Alex Tsimerman in the August 6, 2019, primary election.[8]

#### Campaign finance[edit]

Campaign finance data was available for the following candidates.

#### Endorsements[edit]

Do you know of an official or organization that endorsed a candidate in this race? Let Ballotpedia know by email at elections@ballotpedia.org.

Click the links below for endorsement lists from candidates' websites, where available:

* John Lombard

Endorsements

Endorsement  | Juarez | Lombard | Davison Sattler
Elected officials
State Rep. Cindy Ryu |  |  ✔ |
Mayor of Shoreline Will Hall  |  |  ✔ |
Newspapers and editorials
The Stranger editorial board[9] |  ✔ |  |
The Seattle Times editorial board[12] |  |  |  ✔
Organizations
Sierra Club[13] |  ✔ |  |
National Women's Political Caucus of Washington[14] |  ✔ |  |
Washington Technology Industry Association[15] |  ✔ |  |
King County Democrats[16] |  ✔ |  |
Fuse Washington[10] |  ✔ |  |
32nd District Democrats  |  |  ✔  |
The Duwamish Tribe  |  |  ✔  |
PACs
Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy[17] |  ✔ |  |

## Open-seat races[edit]

Incumbents Bruce Harrell (District 2), Abel Pacheco (District 4), Mike O'Brien (District 6), and Sally Bagshaw (District 7) did not seek re-election in 2019, leaving four seats open.

* Seven candidates filed for District 2
* Ten candidates filed for District 4
* Fourteen candidates filed for District 6
* Ten candidates filed for District 7

### Endorsements[edit]

Do you know of an official or organization that endorsed a candidate in one of the following races? Let Ballotpedia know by email at elections@ballotpedia.org.

#### District 2[edit]

Tammy Morales

* Sierra Club[13]
* King County Democrats[16]
* Fuse Washington[10]
* The Stranger editorial board[9]

Mark Solomon

* Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy[17]
* Washington Technology Industry Association[15]
* The Seattle Times editorial board[18]
* Mayor Jenny Durkan[19]

#### District 4[edit]

Emily Myers

* Rep. Pramila Jayapal (D-Wash.)[20]
* King County Democrats[16]
* Fuse Washington[10]

Alex Pedersen

* Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy[17]
* Washington Technology Industry Association[15]
* The Seattle Times editorial board[12]

Shaun Scott

* Sierra Club[13]
* King County Democrats[16]
* Fuse Washington[10]
* The Stranger editorial board[9]

#### District 6[edit]

Jay Fathi

* Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy[17]
* Washington Technology Industry Association[15]
* Fuse Washington[10]

Dan Strauss

* King County Democrats[16]
* Fuse Washington[10]
* The Stranger editorial board[9]

Heidi Wills

* Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy[17]
* Sierra Club[13]
* Washington Technology Industry Association[15]
* The Seattle Times editorial board[12]

#### District 7[edit]

Michael George

* Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy[17]
* Sierra Club[13]
* Washington Technology Industry Association[15]

Andrew Lewis

* King County Democrats[16]
* UNITE HERE Local 8[21]
* The Stranger editorial board[9]
* Fuse Washington[10]

Jim Pugel

* Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy[17]
* The Seattle Times editorial board[12]

|

### Campaign finance[edit]

Campaign finance data is provided where available for candidates in each race.

#### District 2[edit]

#### District 4[edit]

#### District 6[edit]

#### District 7[edit]

## Voucher program data[edit]

Eligible Seattle residents received four $25 vouchers in February. Vouchers could go to any council candidates of a voter's choosing, including those outside the voter's district. Under the program, participating candidates had a $75,000 spending limit during the primary election and a $150,000 cumulative spending limit if they went on on to the general election.[22] Candidates participating in the program could apply to be released from the spending limit if a candidate in their race exceeded $75,000 in spending or contributions or if independent expenditures on a candidate's behalf exceeded that limit.[23]

During the primary election, there were 42 active city council candidates participating in the Democracy Voucher Program, including incumbents Herbold and Juarez.[24] Sawant did not participate in the program, saying, "The Democracy Voucher program is a progressive step forward, but unfortunately it’s not designed for a race like ours where Amazon and the whole big business establishment is united against us. It does not prevent corporate PACs from overnight dumping hundreds of thousands of dollars into the race to try to buy the election."[23] The five candidates challenging Sawant participated in the program and were released from the spending limit.[25]

As of August 6, 2019, spending caps had been lifted in all races except District 5.[26][24]

The following shows funds candidates received from the program through July 25, 2019. Click "Position" in the table to sort by race, and click "Total" to sort by amount of money received by each candidate.

## Satellite spending[edit]

Satellite spending, commonly referred to as outside spending, describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[27][28][29]

This section lists satellite spending in this race reported by news outlets in alphabetical order. If you are aware of spending that should be included, please email us.

Through the primary elections on August 6, 2019, there had been a total of $976,432 in satellite spending toward the Seattle City Council elections.

* CAPE (Civic Alliance for a Progressive Economy) had spent the following as of August 6:[30]
* District 1: $19,624 in support of Lisa Herbold
* District 1: $3,186 opposing Brendan Kolding
* District 1: $3,190 opposing Phil Tavel
* District 2: $17,782 in support of Tammy Morales
* District 2: $3,186 opposing Mark Solomon
* District 2: $3,190 opposing Ari Hoffman
* CASE (Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy) had spent $477,000 in support of endorsed Seattle City Council candidates and opposing others as of August 6, 2019:[26][31]
* District 1: $129,062 in support of Phil Tavel (distributing campaign literature, making calls and texts, canvassing, and mailers)
* District 1: $7,555 opposing Lisa Herbold (mailers)
* District 2: $121,729 in support of Mark Solomon (distributing campaign literature, making calls and texts, canvassing, and mailers)
* District 3: $156,247 in support of Egan Orion (distributing campaign literature, making calls and texts, canvassing, and mailers)
* District 3: $11,692 opposing Kshama Sawant (mailers)
* District 4: $13,017 in support of Alex Pedersen (mailers)
* District 5: $6,878 in support of Debora Juarez (mailers)
* District 6: $6,648 in support of Jay Fathi (mailers)
* District 6: $6,648 in support of Heidi Wills (mailers)
* District 7: $5,947 in support of Jim Pugel (mailers)
* District 7: $11,612 in support of Michael George (mailers)
* Moms for Seattle had spent the following on Facebook ads, digital campaign consulting, and mailers for four races as of August 6:[32]
* $33,434 in support of Pat Murakami (District 3)
* $32,766 in support of Alex Pedersen (District 4)
* $34,294 in support of Heidi Wills (District 6)
* $31,190 in support of Michael George (District 7)
* People for Seattle spent the following sums for and against candidates as of August 6:[33]
* $17,886 opposing Lisa Herbold (District 1)
* $16,738 in support of Phil Tavel (District 1)
* $20,278 in support of Mark Solomon (District 2)
* $2,717 opposing Tammy Morales (District 2)
* $15,200 in support of Egan Orion (District 3)
* $12,517 opposing Zachary DeWolf (District 3)
* $12,517 opposing Kshama Sawant (District 3)
* $18,644 in support of Alex Pedersen (District 4)
* $11,071 opposing Emily Myers (District 4)

* UNITE HERE Local 8 PAC had spent $148,629 on ads in support of Andrew Lewis for the District 7 seat through August 6.[34]

## Candidate survey[edit]

### Candidate survey[edit]

Ballotpedia invites candidates to participate in its annual survey.
Click here to fill out the survey.

|

## Noteworthy events[edit]

### Changes in election governance[edit]

The elections featured recent changes to the city's campaign finance system and district system.

In February 2019, eligible voters received four $25 vouchers to give to the candidate or candidates of their choosing, provided the candidate agreed to certain campaign spending limits. As of July 25, 2019, candidates had received $1.4 million from more than 56,000 returned vouchers.[35][36]

The voucher program, which was established by Measure No. 122 in 2015 and first used in 2017, was under review by the Washington Supreme Court for alleged infringements on free speech protections until July 11, 2019, when the court affirmed an earlier superior court decision dismissing the case.[37][38]

This was the second year where Seattle elected candidates to single-member districts instead of at-large districts. For the first time in 2015, the city elected seven members to single-member districts for four-year terms and two members to at-large positions for two-year terms (four-year terms for the at-large positions began after the 2017 elections). All nine seats had previously been elected at large since 1910.

The nine at-large seat structure changed to seven single-member seats/two at-large positions after city voters approved Charter Amendment 19 in 2013.

## Other elections on the ballot[edit]

### Ballot measures[edit]

See also: August 6, 2019 ballot measures in Washington

### City measure[edit]

• Proposition 1: Seattle Library Property Tax a

|  A yes vote was a vote in favor of authorizing the city to levy for seven years a property tax of $0.122 per $1,000 of assessed value with annual increases of up to 1% to fund library operations, materials, and maintenance and capital improvements.

|

|  A no vote was a vote against authorizing the city to levy a seven-year property tax to fund library services, thereby allowing the existing library property tax to expire without a replacement.

|

### County measure[edit]

• Proposition 1: King County Parks and Recreation Property Tax a

|  A yes vote was a vote in favor of authorizing the county to levy for six years a property tax of $0.1832 per $1,000 in assessed property value to replace an expiring tax, with annual increases and with revenue for parks, recreation, open space, public pools, zoo operations, and aquarium capital improvements.

|

|  A no vote was a vote against authorizing the county to levy a property tax of $0.1832 per $1,000 in assessed property value for parks and recreation, thereby allowing an existing property tax levy of up to $0.1877 per $1,000 in assessed property value to expire without a replacement.

|

### Additional elections on the ballot[edit]

See also: Washington elections, 2019

What's on your ballot?

Click here to find out using My Vote

## Past elections[edit]

### 2017[edit]

See also: Municipal elections in Seattle, Washington (2017)

#### City council, Position 8[edit]

Incumbent Tim Burgess did not file for re-election.

##### General election[edit]

☑ Teresa Mosqueda
☐ Jon Grant

##### Primary election[edit]

☐ Hisam Goueli
☑ Jon Grant
☐ Mac McGregor
☑ Teresa Mosqueda
☐ Sara Nelson
☐ Rudy Pantoja
☐ Sheley Secrest
☐ Charlene Strong

#### City council, Position 9[edit]

##### General election[edit]

☑ M. Lorena González (i)
☐ Pat Murakami

##### Primary election[edit]

☑ M. Lorena González (i)
☐ Ian Affleck-Asch
☐ Pauly Giuglianotti
☑ Pat Murakami
☐ Ty Pethe
☐ David Preston
☐ Eric Smiley

|

### 2015[edit]

See also: Seattle, Washington municipal elections, 2015
Click "show" to the right to see resuls of the 2015 Seattle City Council elections.|

|

#### General election

| Seattle City Council Position 1, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Lisa Herbold | 49.8% | 12,459
Shannon Braddock | 49.6% | 12,420
Write-in votes | 0.62% | 155
Total Votes | 25,034
Source: King County, Washington, "November 3, 2015 General Election Recount Summary Report-Final Results, City of Seattle Council District No. 1," December 7, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 2, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Bruce Harrell Incumbent | 50.8% | 9,532
Tammy Morales | 49.0% | 9,188
Write-in votes | 0.25% | 46
Total Votes | 18,766
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 2", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 3, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Kshama Sawant Incumbent | 56.0% | 17,170
Pamela Banks | 43.8% | 13,427
Write-in votes | 0.28% | 87
Total Votes | 30,684
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 3", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 4, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Rob Johnson | 51.3% | 11,808
Michael J. Maddux | 48.2% | 11,100
Write-in votes | 0.48% | 111
Total Votes | 23,019
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 4", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 5, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Debora Juarez | 64.3% | 15,058
Sandy Brown | 35.1% | 8,224
Write-in votes | 0.54% | 126
Total Votes | 23,408
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 5", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 6, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Mike O'Brien Incumbent | 61.3% | 18,830
Catherine Weatbrook | 38.4% | 11,802
Write-in votes | 0.3% | 91
Total Votes | 30,723
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 6", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 7, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Sally Bagshaw Incumbent | 80.9% | 18,576
Deborah Zech Artis | 18.3% | 4,213
Write-in votes | 0.75% | 172
Total Votes | 22,961
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council District No. 7", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 8, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Tim Burgess Incumbent | 54.5% | 91,863
Jonathan A. Grant | 44.9% | 75,585
Write-in votes | 0.57% | 968
Total Votes | 168,416
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council Position No. 8", accessed November 3, 2015.

Seattle City Council Position 9, General election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
M. Lorena González | 78.1% | 128,588
Bill Bradburd | 21.4% | 35,293
Write-in votes | 0.51% | 844
Total Votes | 164,725
Source: King County, Washington, "City of Seattle Council Position No. 9", accessed November 3, 2015.

#### Primary election

Seattle City Council Position 1 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Lisa Herbold | 30.1% | 5,234
Shannon Braddock | 27.8% | 4,824
Phillip Tavel | 18.2% | 3,156
Brianna Thomas | 10.2% | 1,765
Charles R. Redmond III | 7.3% | 1,268
Jody Rushmer | 2.1% | 368
Karl Wirsing | 1.4% | 245
Arturo Robles | 1.4% | 240
Pavel Goberman | 1.2% | 204
Write-in  | 0.3% | 58
Total Votes | 16,247
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 2 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Bruce Harrell Incumbent | 61.7% | 8,066
Tammy Morales | 24.7% | 3,223
Joshua Farris | 13.2% | 1,725
Write-in  | 0.4% | 55
Total Votes | 13,069
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 3 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Kshama Sawant Incumbent | 52% | 11,675
Pamela Banks | 34.1% | 7,651
Rod Hearne | 9.7% | 2,168
Morgan Beach | 2.1% | 463
Leon Carter | 1.9% | 436
Write-in  | 0.2% | 44
Total Votes | 22,393
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 4 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Rob Johnson | 32.8% | 5,516
Michael J. Maddux | 24.6% | 4,138
Jean Godden Incumbent | 19.7% | 3,307
Tony Provine | 14.1% | 2,372
Abel Pacheco | 8.4% | 1,416
Write-in  | 0.3% | 46
Total Votes | 16,749
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 5 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Debora Juarez | 39.3% | 6,635
Sandy Brown | 19.9% | 3,360
Halei Watkins | 14.4% | 2,431
Kris Lethin | 7.7% | 1,307
Mercedes Elizalde | 5.8% | 985
Debadutta Dash | 5.7% | 968
David Toledo | 5.7% | 959
Hugh Russell | 1.4% | 231
Write-in  | 0.2% | 27
Total Votes | 14,718
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 6 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Mike O'Brien Incumbent | 59.1% | 12,403
Catherine Weatbrook | 22.3% | 4,680
Jon Lisbin | 13.1% | 2,751
Stan Shaufler | 5.3% | 1,107
Write-in  | 0.3% | 53
Total Votes | 20,994
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 7 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Sally Bagshaw Incumbent | 76.6% | 12,292
Deborah Zech Artis | 13.4% | 2,144
Gus Hartmann | 9.3% | 1,487
Write-in  | 0.7% | 117
Total Votes | 16,040
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 8 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Tim Burgess Incumbent | 45.7% | 54,771
Jonathan A. Grant | 30.8% | 36,937
John Roderick | 15.9% | 19,034
John Persak | 6.9% | 8,301
Write-in  | 0.6% | 702
Total Votes | 119,745
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

Seattle City Council Position 9 Primary Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
M. Lorena González | 65% | 77,839
Bill Bradburd | 14.9% | 17,895
Alon Bassok | 9.1% | 10,946
Thomas Tobin | 7.8% | 9,361
Omari Tahir-Garrett | 1.5% | 1,854
Alex Tsimerman | 1.2% | 1,470
Write-in  | 0.3% | 344
Total Votes | 117,895
Source: King County Elections, "Official primary election results," accessed August 12, 2015

## About the city[edit]

See also: Seattle, Washington

Seattle is a city in King County, Washington. As of 2013, its population was 652,405.[39]

### City government[edit]

See also: Mayor-council government

The city of Seattle uses a strong mayor and city council system. In this form of municipal government, the city council serves as the city's primary legislative body and the mayor serves as the city's chief executive.[40]

### Demographics[edit]

The following table displays demographic data provided by the United States Census Bureau.

Demographic data for Seattle, Washington (2015)

| Seattle| Washington
Total population:| 653,017| 7,160,290
Land area (square miles):| 84| 66,456
Race and ethnicity[41]
White:| 69.5%| 77.8%
Black/African American:| 7.2%| 3.6%
Asian:| 14.2%| 7.7%
Native American:| 0.7%| 1.3%
Pacific Islander:| 0.4%| 0.6%
Two or more:| 6.1%| 5.2%
Hispanic/Latino:| 6.5%| 12%
Education
High school graduation rate:| 93.4%| 90.4%
College graduation rate:| 58.9%| 32.9%
Income
Median household income:| $70,594| $61,062
Persons below poverty level:| 13.5%| 14.4%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015)

## State profile[edit]

See also: Washington and Washington elections, 2019

### Partisan data[edit]

The information in this section was current as of May 7, 2019

Presidential voting pattern

* Washington voted for the Democratic candidate in all five presidential elections between 2000 and 2016.

Congressional delegation

* Following the 2018 elections, both U.S. Senators from Washington were Democrats.
* Washington had seven Democratic and three Republican U.S. Representatives.

State executives

* Democrats held six and Republicans held two of Washington's 14 state executive offices. Elections for the other offices are nonpartisan.
* Washington's governor was Democrat Jay Inslee.

State legislature

* Democrats controlled the Washington State Senate with a 29-20 majority.
* Democrats controlled the Washington House of Representatives with a 57-41 majority.

Washington Party Control: 1992-2021
Fifteen years of Democratic trifectas • No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year  |  92  |  93  |  94  |  95  |  96  |  97  |  98  |  99  |  00  |  01  |  02  |  03  |  04  |  05  |  06  |  07  |  08  |  09  |  10  |  11  |  12  |  13  |  14  |  15  |  16  |  17  |  18  |  19  |  20  |  21

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Governor |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D
Senate |  R |  D |  D |  D |  D |  R |  R |  D |  D |  D |  D |  R |  R |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R[42] |  D |  D |  D |  D
House |  D |  D |  D |  R |  R |  R |  R |  S |  S |  S |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D

Washington quick stats

* Became a state in 1889
* 42nd state admitted to the United States
* The state is named after President George Washington.
* Members of the Washington State Senate: 49
* Members of the Washington House of Representatives: 98
* U.S. senators: 2
* U.S. representatives: 10

|  More Washington coverage on Ballotpedia:

* Washington elections, 2019
* Presidential voting trends in Washington
* United States congressional delegations from Washington
* Public policy in Washington
* Influencers in Washington
* Almanac of American Politics state profile
* More...

|

Demographic data for Washington

| Washington| U.S.
Total population:| 7,160,290| 316,515,021
Land area (sq mi):| 66,456| 3,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White:| 77.8%| 73.6%
Black/African American:| 3.6%| 12.6%
Asian:| 7.7%| 5.1%
Native American:| 1.3%| 0.8%
Pacific Islander:| 0.6%| 0.2%
Two or more:| 5.2%| 3%
Hispanic/Latino:| 12%| 17.1%
Education
High school graduation rate:| 90.4%| 86.7%
College graduation rate:| 32.9%| 29.8%
Income
Median household income:| $61,062| $53,889
Persons below poverty level:| 14.4%| 11.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015)
Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in Washington.

* * *

**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

## See also[edit]

Seattle, Washington | Washington | Municipal government | Other local coverage

|
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|

* 2018 Seattle elections
* Seattle, Washington
* Cities in Washington

* 2019 Washington elections
* Public policy in Washington
* Influencers in Washington
* Washington

* Top counties
* 100 largest cities
* Current mayors
* Current council officials

* 2019 municipal elections
* 2019 school board elections
* 2019 local ballot measure elections
* 2019 local judicial elections

## External links[edit]

|  Suggest a link

|

* Search Google News for this topic
* Seattle, Washington

## Footnotes[edit]

1. ↑ King County Elections, "Who has filed: 2019 candidate filing," accessed May 20, 2019
2. ↑ Geek Wire, "Seattle repeals head tax 7-2 in dramatic reversal that leaves city divided over homeless crisis," June 12, 2018
3. ↑ Seattle Times, "Seattle’s business lobby sees opportunity to unseat the City Council’s progressive majority," May 12, 2019
4. ↑ Seattle Ethics and Elections Commission, "Contributions to Civic Alliance for a Sound Economy Sponsored by the Seattle Chamber 2019 Election Cycle," July 31, 2019
5. ↑ Seattle Ethics and Elections Commission, "2015 Independent Expenditure Committees," accessed August 5, 2019
6. ↑ Seattle.gov, "Find Your Council District," accessed May 20, 2019
7. ↑ The Stranger, "Here’s Who’s Officially Running for Seattle City Council, Let's Place Bets on Who the Chamber Will Try to Buy with Their Amazon Gold, and More City Council Election News," May 17, 2019
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 The Seattle Times, "Meet the candidates running for City Council in 2019," accessed June 28, 2019
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 The Stranger, "The Stranger's Endorsements for the August 6, 2019, Primary Election," July 17, 2019
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 Progressive Voters Guide, "Seattle City Council," accessed July 23, 2019
11. ↑ The Stranger, "Ballots Are in the Mail, Noam Chomsky Endorses Sawant, Rich Moms Love Michael George, And More City Council Election News," July 19, 2019
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 The Seattle Times, "The Seattle Times editorial board’s 2019 primary election endorsements," updated July 19, 2019
13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 Twitter, "Sierra Club on June 19, 2019," accessed June 26, 2019
14. ↑ NWPCWA, "Our 2019 Endorsements," accessed June 28, 2019
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 Washington Technology, "2019 Seattle City Council Primary Election Endorsements," accessed July 11, 2019
16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 King County Democrats, "2019 Endorsements," accessed July 15, 2019
17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 King 5 News, "Seattle Chamber's political arm endorses one city council incumbent," June 19, 2019
18. ↑ The Seattle Times, "The Times recommends: Mark Solomon for Seattle City Council, District 2," July 7, 2019
19. ↑ The Hill, "Seattle fights preview battle between Democrats, democratic socialists," July 28, 2019
20. ↑ The Stranger, "Jayapal Endorses Myers, Amazon-Backed Chamber Drops $300,000, and More City Council Election News," July 5, 2019
21. ↑ Lewis for Seattle, "Endorsements," accessed July 17, 2019
22. ↑ Seattle.gov, "Democracy Voucher Program, About the Program," accessed June 28, 2019
23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 The Stranger, "Kshama Sawant Says She Won't Use Democracy Vouchers. Why Not?" January 24, 2019
24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Seattle.gov, "Democracy Voucher Program, 2019 Participating Candidates," accessed July 30, 2019
25. ↑ Seattle.gov, "Democracy Voucher Program 2019 Participating Candidates," accessed June 28, 2019
26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 The Stranger, "Amazon-Funded PAC Begins Dishing Out Cash to Tilt Seattle City Council Races," July 2, 2019
27. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed September 22, 2015
28. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed September 22, 2015
29. ↑ National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," November 6, 2015
30. ↑ Seattle Ethics and Elections Commission, "2019 Independent Expenditure Committees: CivicAlliance4Prog Economy," August 20, 2019
31. ↑ Seattle Ethics and Elections Commission, "2019 Independent Expenditure Committees: Civ Alliance (CASE)," August 20, 2019
32. ↑ Seattle Ethics and Elections Commission, "Disclosure Reports: Moms for Seattle," accessed August 20, 2019
33. ↑ Seattle Ethics and Elections Commission, "2019 Independent Expenditure Committees: People for Seattle," August 20, 2019
34. ↑ Seattle Ethics and Elections Commission, "UNITE HERE Local 8 PAC," accessed August 20, 2019
35. ↑ Seattle Times, "In Seattle, the socialists are giving big business a run for their money — literally," May 15, 2019
36. ↑ Seattle.gov, "Democracy Voucher Program Data, accessed July 5, 2019
37. ↑ Seattle Times, "Washington’s Supreme Court agrees to review case against Seattle’s ‘democracy vouchers,’" December 21, 2018
38. ↑ Washington Supreme Court, "Mark Fester and Sarah Pynchon v. The City of Seattle," July 11, 2019
39. ↑ U.S. Census, "State and County Quick Facts," accessed September 15, 2014
40. ↑ City of Seattle, "Elected Officials," accessed September 15, 2014
41. ↑ Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.
42. ↑ Democrats gained full control of the state Senate after a special election on November 7, 2017.

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