Staphylococcaceae

Staphylococcaceae, from Ancient Greek σταφυλή (staphulḗ), meaning "bunch of grapes", and κόκκος (kókkos), meaning "sphere", are a family of Gram-positive bacteria that includes the genus Staphylococcus, noted for encompassing several medically significant pathogens.

The five genera Jeotgalicoccus, Macrococcus, Nosocomiicoccus, Salinicoccus, and Staphylococcus have been shown to be monophyletic, while Gemella appears to be polyphyletic. The pathogen methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a member of this family.

The most famous species in this family is Staphylococcus aureus, usually found in the skin microbiota. Staphylococcus aureus is the pathogenic bacteria with the highest global mortality in 2019, with approximatively 1.1 million deaths.[1]

## Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[2] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[3]

GTDB (below) renames this taxon "Staphylococcales", as it finds that the evolutionary divergence within this taxon is more fitting of an order. Bello et al. (2023) puts the GTDB approach to familial division into a formal proposal, but the proposed names have yet to appear on any Validation List.[4]

16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024[5][6][7] | 120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220[8][9][10]

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|  |  |  |  | Staphylococcales  |  |  |

Macrococcus Kloos et al. 1998
[incl. Macrococcoides Bello et al. 2024]

|

|  |  |  |  |  |  |

Abyssicoccus Jiang et al. 2016

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Auricoccus Prakash et al. 2017

|  |  |  |  |

Corticicoccus Li et al. 2017

|

|  |  |

Nosocomiicoccus Morais et al. 2008

|

|  |  |

Aliicoccus Amoozegar et al. 2014

|

Jeotgalicoccus Yoon et al. 2003
[incl. Phocicoccus Bello et al. 2024]

Salinicoccus Ventosa et al. 1990

|  |  |

Mammaliicoccus stepanovicii

|

|  |  |

Mammaliicoccus

|

|  |  |

Mammaliicoccus vitulinus

|

|  |  |

Mammaliicoccus lentus

|

|  |  |

Mammaliicoccus sciuri (Kloos, Schleifer &
Smith 1976) Madhaiyan, Wirth & Saravanan 2020

|

Staphylococcus Rosenbach 1884

Staphylococcaceae
|  |  |  |  |  | Gemellaceae  |

Gemella Berger 1960

|

other

Lactobacillales

|  |  |  |  |  |  | Staphylococcales  |  |  |  | Gemellaceae  |

Gemella Berger 1960

|

|  |  |  | Abyssicoccaceae  |

Abyssicoccus [incl. Auricoccus]

|

Salinicoccaceae  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Phocicoccus

|

Nosocomiicoccus

Jeotgalicoccus

|  |  |

Aliicoccus

|

Salinicoccus

|  | Staphylococcaceae  |  |  |  |  |

Macrococcus

|

Macrococcoides

|  |  |

Mammaliicoccus

|

Staphylococcus

other

Lactobacillales

Unassigned genus:

## See also

* List of Bacteria genera
* List of bacterial orders

## References

1. ↑ ((GBD 2019 Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators)) (2022). "Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019". The Lancet 400 (10369): 2221–2248. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(22)02185-7. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 36423648.
2. ↑ A.C. Parte. "Staphylococcaceae". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). https://lpsn.dsmz.de/family/staphylococcaceae.
3. ↑ C.L. Schoch. "Staphylococcaceae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Tree&id=90964&lvl=3&p=has_linkout&p=blast_url&p=genome_blast&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock.
4. ↑ Bello, Sarah; Mudassir, Syed Huzaifa; Rudra, Bashudev; Gupta, Radhey S. (October 2023). "Phylogenomic and molecular markers based studies on Staphylococcaceae and Gemella species. Proposals for an emended family Staphylococcaceae and three new families (Abyssicoccaceae fam. nov., Salinicoccaceae fam. nov. and Gemellaceae fam. nov.) harboring four new genera, Lacicoccus gen. nov., Macrococcoides gen. nov., Gemelliphila gen. nov., and Phocicoccus gen. nov.". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 116 (10): 937–973. doi:10.1007/s10482-023-01857-6.
5. ↑ "The LTP". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/#LTP.
6. ↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_all_10_2024.ntree.
7. ↑ "LTP_10_2024 Release Notes". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_10_2024_release_notes.pdf.
8. ↑ "GTDB release 09-RS220". https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4|.
9. ↑ "bac120_r220.sp_labels". https://data.gtdb.ecogenomic.org/releases/release220/220.0/auxillary_files/bac120_r220.sp_labels.tree.
10. ↑ "Taxon History". https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/taxon_history/.

* v
* t
* e

Prokaryotes: Bacteria classification (phyla and orders)

Domain
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukaryota
(Supergroup
Plant
Hacrobia
Heterokont
Alveolata
Rhizaria
Excavata
Amoebozoa
Opisthokonta

Animal
Fungi)

G-/
OM|

| Terra-/
Glidobacteria
(BV1)|

| Eobacteria|

* Deinococcus–Thermus
* Deinococcales
* Thermales
* Chloroflexi
* Anaerolineales
* Caldilineales
* Chloroflexales
* Herpetosiphonales
* Dehalococcoidales
* Ktedonobacterales
* Thermogemmatisporales
* Thermomicrobiales
* Sphaerobacterales

|

other glidobacteria|

* Thermodesulfobacteria
* thermophiles
* Aquificae
* Thermotogae
* Cyanobacteria

Proteobacteria
(BV2)|

| Alpha|

* Caulobacterales
* Kiloniellales
* Kordiimonadales
* Magnetococcales
* Parvularculales
* Rhizobiales
* Rhodobacterales
* Rhodospirillales
* Rickettsiales
* Sneathiellales
* Sphingomonadales

|

Beta|

* Burkholderiales
* Hydrogenophilales
* Methylophilales
* Neisseriales
* Nitrosomonadales
* Procabacteriales
* Rhodocyclales

Gamma|

* Acidithiobacillales
* Aeromonadales
* Alteromonadales
* Cardiobacteriales
* Chromatiales
* Enterobacterales
* Legionellales
* Methylococcales
* Oceanospirillales
* Orbales
* Pasteurellales
* Pseudomonadales
* Salinisphaerales
* Thiotrichales
* Vibrionales
* Xanthomonadales

Delta|

* Bdellovibrionales
* Desulfarculales
* Desulfobacterales
* Desulfovibrionales
* Desulfurellales
* Desulfuromonadales
* Myxococcales
* Syntrophobacterales
* Syntrophorhabdales

Epsilon|

* Campylobacterales
* Nautiliales

Zeta|

* Mariprofundales

BV4|

| Spirochaetes|

* Spirochaetes

|

Sphingobacteria
(FCB group)|

* Fibrobacteres
* Chlorobi
* Chlorobiales
* Ignavibacteriales
* Bacteroidetes
* Bacteroidales
* Cytophagales
* Flavobacteriales
* Sphingobacteriales

Planctobacteria/
(PVC group)|

* Chlamydiae
* Lentisphaerae
* Lentisphaerales
* Oligosphaerales
* Victivallales
* Planctomycetes
* Phycisphaerales
* Planctomycetales
* Verrucomicrobia
* Puniceicoccales
* Opitutales
* Chthoniobacterales
* Verrucomicrobiales
* "Poribacteria"

Other GN|

* Acidobacteria
* Acidobacteriales
* Acanthopleuribacterales
* Holophagales
* Solibacterales
* Armatimonadetes
* Armatimonadales
* Chthonomonadales
* Fimbriimonadales
* Caldiserica
* Chrysiogenetes
* Deferribacteres
* Dictyoglomi
* Elusimicrobia
* Fusobacteria
* Gemmatimonadetes
* Nitrospirae
* Synergistetes

G+/
no OM|

| Firmicutes
(BV3)|

| Bacilli|

* Bacillales
* Lactobacillales
* Aphragmobacteria
* Erysipelotrichia
* Erysipelotrichiales
* Mollicutes
* Mycoplasmatales
* Entomoplasmatales
* Anaeroplasmatales
* Acholeplasmatales
* Haloplasmatales

|

Clostridia|

* Clostridiales
* Halanaerobiales
* Thermoanaerobacteriales
* Natranaerobiales
* Negativicutes
* Selenomonadales

Thermolithobacteria|

* Thermolithobacterales

Actinobacteria
(BV5)|

| Actinobacteria|

* Actinomycetales
* Bifidobacteriales

|

Acidimicrobiia|

* Acidimicrobiales

Coriobacteriia|

* Coriobacteriales

Nitriliruptoria|

* Euzebyales
* Nitriliruptorales

Rubrobacteria|

* Gaiellales
* Rubrobacterales
* Thermoleophilales
* Solirubrobacterales

Incertae
sedis|

* †Archaeosphaeroides
* †Eobacterium
* †Leptotrichites

Source: Bergey's Manual (2001–2012). Alternative views: Wikispecies.

Wikidata ☰ Q149116 entry

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