Triose

A triose is a monosaccharide, or simple sugar, containing three carbon atoms. There are only three possible trioses: the two enantiomers of glyceraldehyde, which are aldoses; and dihydroxyacetone, a ketose which is symmetrical and therefore has no enantiomers.[1]

Trioses are important in photosynthesis and cellular respiration. During glycolysis, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is broken down into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Lactic acid and pyruvic acid are later derived from these molecules.[2]

Importance of triose in animal physiology

* Trioses serve as metabolic intermediates in various different metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway.

* Trioses contribute to the synthesis of essential biomolecules including lipids, amino acids, nucleotides, and carbohydrates.
* Trioses are small carbon molecules and can therefore be easily modified into various molecules.

## References

1. ↑ "Trioses - Three Carbon Sugars". Oxford University Press. http://www.oup.com/us/static/companion.websites/9780195305753/molecules/triose.html.
2. ↑ "Glycolysis in Detail". Ohio State University at Mansfield. http://www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu/~sabedon/biol4025.htm.

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Types of carbohydrates

General|

* Aldose
* Ketose
* Furanose
* Pyranose

Geometry|

* Anomer
* Cyclohexane conformation
* Mutarotation

Monosaccharides|

| Dioses|

* Aldodiose
* Glycolaldehyde

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Trioses|

* Aldotriose
* Glyceraldehyde
* Ketotriose
* Dihydroxyacetone

Tetroses|

* Aldotetroses
* Erythrose
* Threose
* Ketotetrose
* Erythrulose

Pentoses|

* Aldopentoses
* Arabinose
* Lyxose
* Ribose
* Xylose
* Ketopentoses
* Ribulose
* Xylulose
* Deoxy sugars
* Deoxyribose

Hexoses|

* Aldohexoses
* Allose
* Altrose
* Galactose
* Glucose
* Gulose
* Idose
* Mannose
* Talose
* Ketohexoses
* Fructose
* Psicose
* Sorbose
* Tagatose
* Deoxy sugars
* Fucose
* Fuculose
* Rhamnose

Heptoses|

* Ketoheptoses
* Mannoheptulose
* Sedoheptulose

Above 7|

* Octoses
* Nonoses
* Neuraminic acid

Multiple|

| Disaccharides|

* Cellobiose
* Isomaltose
* Isomaltulose
* Lactose
* Lactulose
* Maltose
* Sucrose
* Trehalose
* Turanose

|

Trisaccharides|

* Maltotriose
* Melezitose
* Raffinose

Tetrasaccharides|

* Stachyose

Other
oligosaccharides|

* Acarbose
* Fructooligosaccharide (FOS)
* Galactooligosaccharide (GOS)
* Isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO)
* Maltodextrin

Polysaccharides|

* Beta-glucan
* Oat beta-glucan
* Lentinan
* Sizofiran
* Zymosan
* Cellulose
* Chitin
* Chitosan
* Dextrin / Dextran
* Fructose / Fructan
* Inulin
* Galactose / Galactan
* Glucose / Glucan
* Glycogen
* Hemicellulose
* Levan beta 2→6
* Lignin
* Mannan
* Pectin
* Starch
* Amylopectin
* Amylose
* Xanthan gum

* Category

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