International Union of Pure and Applied Physics

Abbreviation| IUPAP
Formation| 1922; 104 years ago (1922)
Type| International
Legal status| Active
Purpose| To stimulate and facilitate international cooperation in physics and the worldwide development of science [1]
Headquarters| Geneva, with an administrative office in Trieste[2]
Location|

* Switzerland[3]

Region served

| Worldwide

Membership

| International Science Council

Official language

| English

President

| Silvina Ponce Dawson

Main organ

| Executive Council
Website| iupap.org

The International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP; /ˈaɪjuːpæp, ˈjuː-/) is an international non-governmental organization whose mission is to assist in the worldwide development of physics, to foster international cooperation in physics, and to help in the application of physics toward solving problems of concern to humanity.[1][4][5] It was established in 1922 and the first General Assembly was held in 1923 in Paris.[6] The Union is domiciled in Geneva, Switzerland.[7]

IUPAP carries out this mission by: sponsoring international meetings; fostering communications and publications; encouraging research and education; fostering the free circulation of scientists;[8][9] promoting international agreements on the use of symbols, units, nomenclature and standards;[10][11] and cooperating with other organizations on disciplinary and interdisciplinary problems.Therefore it is very important .[12][13][14]

IUPAP is a member of the International Science Council.

IUPAP is the lead organization promoting the adoption of the International Year of Basic Sciences for Sustainable Development,[15] a proposal to be considered by the 76th session of the UN General Assembly.

## Contents

* 1 History
* 2 Committees and governance
* 3 Sponsored conferences
* 4 Sponsored awards
* 5 Sponsored symposiums and conferences
* 6 Territorial members
* 7 List of IUPAP Presidents
* 8 IUPAP reactions to sanctions in science
* 9 See also
* 10 References
* 11 External links

## History

In 1919 was formed the International Research Council[16] "was largely through the representatives of the National Academy of Sciences, Washington, and of the Royal Society, London, to coordinate international efforts in the different branches of sciences, under whose aegis international associations or unions in different branches of science could be formed".

By this principle, the 1922 General Assembly of the IRC convened at Brussels and a number of physicists present decided that the formation of a Physics Union was imperative.

Thirteen countries (Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Netherlands, Empire of Japan, Norway, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and Union of South Africa) immediately announced their adherence to the new Union.

An Executive committee was formed which undertook to prepare rules, regulations, and activities of the organization. The committee consisted of ten distinguished physicists: W.H. Bragg, M. Brillouin, O.M. Corbino, M. Knudsen, M. Leblanc, R.A. Millikan, H. Nagaoka, E. Van Aubel, and H. Abraham. The committee had Bragg as President, Van Aubel as Vice-President, and Abraham as Secretary. This was the birth of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics.

The year 2022 marked the centenary of IUPAP, organized and run by the physics communities of the world. In this context, IUPAP sponsored the publication of Globalizing Physics: One Hundred Years of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics, edited by Roberto Lalli and Jaume Navarro. This anthology brings together contributions to the history of IUPAP since its foundation.[17]

## Committees and governance

The Union is governed by its General Assembly, which meets every three years. The Council is its top executive body, supervising the activities of the nineteen specialized International Commissions and the four Affiliated Commissions – it typically meets once or twice per year. The Union is composed of Members representing identified physics communities. At present 60 Members adhere to IUPAP. The Members are represented by Liaison Committees. Members of the Council and Commissions are elected by the General Assembly, based on nominations received from Liaison Committees and existing Council and Commission members.[18]

The IUPAP specialised Commissions are:

* C1. Commission on Policy and Finance
* C2. Commission on Symbols, Units, Nomenclature, Atomic Masses & Fundamental Constants
* C3. Commission on Statistical Physics
* C4. Commission on Astroparticle Physics. The commission was previously known as the Commission on Cosmic Rays.
* C5. Commission on Low Temperature Physics
* C6. Commission on Biological Physics
* C8. Commission on Semiconductors
* C9. Commission on Magnetism
* C10. Commission on the Structure and Dynamics of Condensed Matter
* C11. Commission on Particles and Fields
* C12. Commission on Nuclear Physics
* C13. Commission on Physics for Development
* C14. Commission on Physics Education
* C15. Commission on Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
* C16. Commission on Plasma Physics
* C17. Commission on Laser Physics and Photonics
* C18. Commission on Mathematical Physics
* C19. Commission on Astrophysics
* C20. Commission on Computational Physics

The Affiliated Commissions are:

AC1. International Commission for Optics

AC2. International Commission on General Relativity and Gravitation

AC3. International Commission for Acoustics

AC4. International Commission on Medical Physics

AC5. International Association of Physics Students

AC6. History and Philosophy of Physics

In addition IUPAP has established a number of Working Groups, among others the International Committee for Future Accelerators (WG1)[19][20] and Women in Physics (WG5),[21] to provide an overview of important areas of international collaboration in physics.

## Sponsored conferences

Each year, IUPAP endorses approximately 30 international conferences and awards grants to the majority of them. Applications for sponsorship can be made via the IUPAP website.

Sponsored conferences fall into four categories:

General Conferences - Type A

These provide a broad overview of an entire field (typically the field of interest to a Commission), and normally occur at two- or three-year intervals, as advances in the field warrant. Attendance in the range of 750–1000 would be anticipated.

Topical Conferences - Type B

These concentrate on broad sub-fields (e.g. nuclear spectroscopy, nuclear reaction mechanisms, heavy ion physics, are possible sub-fields in the field of Nuclear Physics). They would normally be scheduled in the years between the corresponding Type A General conferences. Attendance in the range of 300-600 individuals would be anticipated.

Special Conferences - Type C

These concentrate on much more specialised topics than in the case of Type B Conferences (e.g. angular correlations, lifetime measurements, neutron resonance studies in the field of Nuclear Physics). Attendance in the range of 50-200 would be anticipated.

Workshops in Developing Countries - Type D

These concentrate on meeting the needs of a developing region. Unlike the Type A, B and C conferences, they do not need to be truly international, but should involve neighbouring countries, and they should address the needs of the region. One Type D conference will be approved each year. All applications for Type-D Conferences must be submitted to the Commission on Physics for Development (C13).

## Sponsored awards

IUPAP commissions sponsor various awards for scientists. These include:

IUPAP Young Scientist Medal.

* The IUPAP Young Scientist Prize, approved and adopted at the 2005 General Assembly for all commissions. The prize was renamed Early Career Scientist Prize at the General Assembly 2021.[22]
* The SUNAMCO Medal, given by the Commission on Symbols, Units, Nomenclature, Atomic Masses and Fundamental Constants (C2)
* The Boltzmann Medal, awarded by the Commission on Statistical Physics (C3)
* The Shakti Duggal Award, established in 1983, to recognize outstanding work by a young scientist in the field of cosmic ray physics, awarded by the Commission on Astroparticle Physics (C4), on behalf of the Bartol Research Institute.
* The Yodh Prize, awarded by the Commission on Astroparticle Physics (C4) on behalf of the University of California Irvine Foundation
* The Fritz London Memorial Prize, given by the Commission on Low Temperature Physics (C5)
* The Young Author Best Paper Award, established by the Commission on Semiconductors (C8) and sponsored by the semiconductor industries of USA, Japan and Europe
* ICM Award in Magnetism, established by the Commission on Magnetism (C9)
* The Kennedy Reed Medal for Outstanding Contributions to the Enhancement of Physics in Developing Countries (C13)
* The ICPE Medal, sponsored by the Commission on Physics Education (C14)
* Penning Award Excellence in Low-Temperature Plasma Physics, established by the Commission on Plasma Physics (C16)
* ICO Prize, awarded by the Affiliated Commission for Optics (AC1)
* ICO Galileo Galilei Award, awarded by the Affiliated Commission for Optics (AC1)

## Sponsored symposiums and conferences

* C3: STATPHYS
* C4: International Cosmic Ray Conference
* C5: International Conference on Low Temperature Physics
* C11: International Conference on High Energy Physics
* C17: Symposium on Laser Physics

## Territorial members

IUPAP was founded in 1922 with 13 members: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Netherlands, Empire of Japan, Norway, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and South Africa. Since, then many new members have joined the union. Today, IUPAP consists of 56 territorial member.

Below is the list of IUPAP territorial members:

List of the Current and Former Territorial Members of IUPAP[23]

| Country  | Shares

(2015)

| Votes

(2015)

| Year of

Joining

| Year of

ceasing to

be a member

| Rejoining

(1)

| Rejoining

(2)

1  |  Algeria  | 1  | 1  | 2009  |  |  |
2  |  Argentina  | 1  | 1  | 1951  |  | 1984  |
3  |  Australia  | 4  | 3  | 1925  |  |  |
4  |  Austria  | 2  | 2  | 1957  |  |  |
5  |  Belgium  | 4  | 3  | 1922  |  |  |
6  |  Brazil  | 8  | 4  | 1951  |  |  |
7  |  Canada  | 8  | 4  | 1922  |  |  |
8  |  Chile  | 1  | 1  | 1984  |  |  |
9  |  China-Beijing (PRC)  | 15  | 5  | 1984  |  |  |
10  |  China-Taipei (Taiwan)  | 5  | 3  | 1984  |  |  |
11  |  Costa Rica  | 1  | 1  | 2009  | 2017  |  |
12  |  Croatia  | 1  | 1  | 1993  |  |  |
13  |  Cyprus  | 1  | 1  | 2003  |  |  |
14  |  Czech Republic  | 4  | 3  | 1993  |  |  |
15  |  Denmark  | 3  | 2  | 1922  |  |  |
16  |  Estonia  | 1  | 1  | 2002  |  |  |
17  |  Ethiopia  | 1  | 1  | 2009  | No Voting rights[24] |  |
18  |  Finland  | 3  | 2  | 1947  |  |  |
19  |  France  | 15  | 5  | 1922  |  |  |
20  |  Germany  | 15  | 5  | 1954  |  |  |
21  |  Ghana  | 1  | 1  | ?  |  |  |
22  |  Greece  | 1  | 1  | 2009  |  |  |
23  |  Hungary  | 3  | 2  | 1948  |  |  |
24  |  India  | 8  | 4  | 1948  |  |  |
25  |  Iran  | 1  | 1  | ?  |  |  |
26  |  Ireland  | 1  | 1  | 1966  |  |  |
27  |  Israel  | 2  | 2  | 1951  |  |  |
28  |  Italy  | 12  | 5  | 1923  |  |  |
29  |  Japan  | 15  | 5  | 1922  |  |  |
30  |  Jordan  | 2  | 1  | 2018  |  |  |
31  |  Korea (ROK)  | 10  | 5  | 1969  |  |  |
32  |  Latvia  | 1  | 1  | 2002  |  |  |
33  |  Lithuania  | 1  | 1  | 2002  |  |  |
34  |  Mexico  | 2  | 2  | 1925  |  |  |
35  |  Netherlands  | 4  | 3  | 1922  |  |  |
36  |  New Zealand  | 1  | 1  | 1954  |  |  |
37  |  Norway  | 3  | 2  | 1922  |  |  |
38  |  Pakistan  | 0  | 0  | 1951  |  | 2017  |
39  |  Peru  | 1  | 1  | 2009  |  |  |
40  |  Philippines  | 1  | 1  | 2009  |  |  |
41  |  Poland  | 4  | 3  | 1922  |  |  |
42  |  Portugal  | 1  | 1  | 1984  |  |  |
43  |  Romania  | 1  | 1  | 1947  |  | 1960-87  | 2009
44  |  Russia  | 18  | 6  | 1992  |  |  |
45  |  Saudi Arabia  | 1  | 1  | 1990  |  |  |
46  |  Senegal  | 1  | 1  | ?  | No voting rights  |  |
47  |  Singapore  | 2  | 2  | 2009  |  |  |
48  |  Slovakia  | 1  | 1  | 1993  |  |  |
49  |  Slovenia  | 1  | 1  | 1993  |  |  |
50  |  South Africa  | 3  | 2  | 1922  |  |  |
51  |  Spain  | 8  | 4  | 1922  |  |  |
52  |  Sweden  | 8  | 4  | 1923  |  |  |
53  |  Switzerland  | 4  | 3  | 1922  |  |  |
54  |  Tunisia  | 1  | 1  | 2005  |  |  |
55  |  United Kingdom  | 15  | 5  | 1922  |  |  |
56  |  United States  | 18  | 6  | 1922  |  |  |
|  Bolivia  | 0  | 0  | 1963  |  |  |
|  Bulgaria  | 0  | 0  | 1957  |  |  |
|  Cameroon  | 1  | 1  | 2009  | 2017  |  |
|  Colombia  | 1  | 1  | 2009  | 2017  |  |
|  Cuba  | 1  | 1  | 1969  | No voting rights  |  |
|  Egypt  | 1  | 1  | 1948  | 2017  |  |
|  East Germany  |  |  | 1960  |  |  |
|  Kenya  | 1  | 1  | 1995  | 2017  |  |
|  Nigeria  | 0  | 0  | 1990  |  |  |
|  Republic of China

(membership renewed as China-Taipei)

|  |  | 1934  | 1984  |  |
|  Soviet Union

(succeeded by Russia)

| 18  | 6  | 1957  | 1991  |  |
|  Yugoslavia  | 0  | 0  | 1954  | 1992  |  |

## List of IUPAP Presidents

The IUPAP President is the head of the Executive Council. IUPAP Presidents are elected by the General Assembly. During the election of the Executive Council, the future President is also elected to the post of President-Designate. Thus in every Executive Council the current President-Designate will succeed the incumbent President.

Below is the list of IUPAP Presidents since its inception in 1922.

Term | President | Nationality

|
|

1922–1931 | Sir William Henry Bragg[5] |  United Kingdom
1931–1934 | Robert Andrews Millikan[12] |  United States
1934–1947 | Mann Siegbahn[6] |  Sweden
1947–1951 | Hendrik Anthony Kramers[25] |  Netherlands
1951–1957 | Sir Nevill Francis Mott[26][27] |  United Kingdom
1957–1960 | Edoardo Amaldi[28] |  Italy
1960–1963 | Homi Jehangir Bhabha[6] |  India
1963–1966 | Louis Eugène Félix Néel[6] |  France
1966–1969 | Dmitrii Ivanovich Blokhintsev[29] |  Soviet Union
1969–1972 | Robert Fox Bacher[12] |  United States
1972–1975 | Heinz Maier-Leibnitz[30] |  Germany
1975–1978 | Sir Clifford Charles Butler[31] |  United Kingdom
1978–1981 | Leonard Sosnowski [32] |  Poland
1981–1984 | Kai Manne Börje Siegbahn |  Sweden
1984–1987 | David Allan Bromley[33] |  Canada/ United States
1987–1990 | Larkin Kerwin[34] |  Canada
1990–1993 | Yuri Andreevich Ossipyan[35] |  Russia
1993–1996 | Yasatuka Yamaguchi [36] |  Japan
1996–1999 | Jan S. Nilsson [37][38] |  Sweden
1999–2002 | Burton Richter[39][40] |  United States
2002–2005  | Yves Pierre Petroff |  France
2005–2008
2008–2011  | Sukekatsu Ushioda |  Japan
2011–2014  | Cecilia Jarlskog[41] |  Sweden
2014–2017  | Bruce McKellar[42] |  Australia
2017–2020  | Kennedy J. Reed[41] |  United States
2020–2024 | Michel Spiro[43] |  France
2025-2027 | Silvina Ponce Dawson[44] |  Argentina

## IUPAP reactions to sanctions in science

IUPAP, whose mission is to assist in the worldwide development of physics, to foster international cooperation, and to help in the application of physics toward solving problems of concern to humanity, has throughout its history defended the stand that no scientists should be barred from participating in conferences or events on the basis of their nationality or their affiliation.[5][45] Shortly after the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, IUPAP issued a statement against the military offensive, while advocating for continued international scientific cooperation.[46][47][48] To alleviate sanctions in science and to promote principles and policies for international scientific collaboration,[49] IUPAP offers physicists, including students, from any country around the world, who feel excluded from academic exchange based exclusively on their affiliation and/or country of origin, to apply to use the IUPAP as their affiliation.[50][51][52][53]

## See also

* International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kerwin, Larkin (1969). "The international union of pure and applied physics". Physics Today 22 (5): 53–55. doi:10.1063/1.3035575. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1969PhT....22e..53K.
2. ↑ "The Central Secretariat of IUPAP is moving to Trieste" (in en). 11 May 2021. https://www.sissa.it/news/central-secretariat-iupap-moving-trieste.
3. ↑ "Contact us". 26 February 2021. http://iupap.org/contact-us/.
4. ↑ Lalli, Roberto, ed (2024-07-09) (in en). Globalizing Physics: One Hundred Years of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (1 ed.). Oxford University PressOxford. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198878681.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-887868-1. https://academic.oup.com/book/58182.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Nilsson, Jan (1996). "What can IUPAP do for you?". Physics World 9 (12): 13–14. doi:10.1088/2058-7058/9/12/12. ISSN 0953-8585.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Brown, Sanborn C (September 1972). Physics 50 Years Later: [Papers as Presented to the XIV General Assembly of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics on the Occasion of the Union's Fiftieth Anniversary]. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. p. 436. doi:10.17226/20232. ISBN 978-0-309-02138-8. https://archive.org/details/physics50yearsla00brow/page/436.
7. ↑ "UID-Register@BFS, UID CHE-494.244.310 (International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP))". https://www.uid.admin.ch/Detail.aspx?uid_id=CHE-494.244.310.
8. ↑ Kerwin, Larkin (1973). "IUPAP on freedom". Physics Today 26 (12): 11. doi:10.1063/1.3128352. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1973PhT....26l..11K.
9. ↑ Davis, Harold L. (1972). "IUPAP–A union for all physicists". Physics Today 25 (9): 88. doi:10.1063/1.3071031. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1972PhT....25i..88D.
10. ↑ Fleury, P.; de Boer, J. (1962). "Symbols units and nomenclature in physics". Physics Today 15 (6): 20–30. doi:10.1063/1.3058223. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1962PhT....15f..20F.
11. ↑ "IUPAP handbook on symbols and units". Physics Today 35 (9): 21. 1982. doi:10.1063/1.2915257. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1982PhT....35i..21..
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Bacher, Robert F.; Havens, William W.; Koch, H. William; Marshak, Robert E.; Seitz, Frederick (1972). "IUPAP–Past and future". Physics Today 25 (9): 23–28. doi:10.1063/1.3070995. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1972PhT....25i..23B.
13. ↑ "About Us". 28 January 2021. http://iupap.org/about-us/.
14. ↑ "Soviet Oppression: IUPAP Retaliates". Nature 245 (5419): 3. 1973. doi:10.1038/245003b0. ISSN 0028-0836. Bibcode: 1973Natur.245R...3..
15. ↑ "Home" (in en-GB). https://www.iybssd2022.org/en/home/.
16. ↑ "History of IUPAP". http://iupap.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/history.pdf.
17. ↑ Roberto Lalli and Jaume Navarro (2024). Globalizing Physics: One Hundred Years of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-887868-1. https://fdslive.oup.com/www.oup.com/academic/pdf/openaccess/9780198878681.pdf.
18. ↑ "The Statues of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (as adopted by the General Assembly, 2011)". IUPAP. 2011. https://iupap.org/about-us/statutes/.
19. ↑ Metropolis, N. (2012) (in en). New Directions In Physics. Elsevier. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-323-14131-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=vFjEqvEc0D4C&dq=icfa+accelerators+iupap&pg=PA93.
20. ↑ Sugawara, Hirotaka (2017), "High Energy Physics, Past, Present and Future" (in en), Memorial Volume on Abdus Salam's 90th Birthday (Singapore: World Scientific): p. 416, doi:10.1142/9789813144873_0022, ISBN 978-981-314-486-6, Bibcode: 2017mvas.book..411S, http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/9789813144873_0022, retrieved 2024-03-04
21. ↑ Schopper, Herwig; Gillies, James (2024), Schopper, Herwig; Gillies, James, eds., "From Science to Science Diplomacy. See section "IUPAP Looks into the Role of Women in Physics"" (in en), Herwig Schopper: Scientist and Diplomat in a Changing World, Springer Biographies (Cham: Springer International Publishing): pp. 175–176, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-51042-7_8, ISBN 978-3-031-51042-7
22. ↑ iupap (2021-02-26). "Early Career Scientist Prizes - IUPAP: The International Union of Pure and Applied Physics" (in en-US). https://iupap.org/awards/young-scientist-prizes/.
23. ↑ "History of Membership | IUPAP: The International Union of Pure and Applied Physics". http://iupap.org/about-us/history-of-membership/.
24. ↑ "History of Membership | IUPAP: The International Union of Pure and Applied Physics". https://iupap.org/about-us/history-of-membership/.
25. ↑ Wheeler, John A. (1951). "7th IUPAP Assembly". Physics Today 4 (11): 30–33. doi:10.1063/1.3067089. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1951PhT.....4k..30W.
26. ↑ Slater, J. C. (1952). "IUPAP Executive Committee". Physics Today 5 (9): 32–33. doi:10.1063/1.3067746. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1952PhT.....5i..32S.
27. ↑ Wheeler, John A. (1954). "IUPAP Assembly". Physics Today 7 (9): 28–29. doi:10.1063/1.3061774. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1954PhT.....7i..28W.
28. ↑ "IUPAP 9th General Assembly". Physics Today 11 (1): 46–47. 1958. doi:10.1063/1.3062393. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1958PhT....11a..46..
29. ↑ Mayer, Meinhard E. (1979). "Dmitrii Ivanovich Blokhintsev". Physics Today 32 (7): 62–63. doi:10.1063/1.2995633. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1979PhT....32g..62M.
30. ↑ "New honorary fellow". Physics Bulletin 30 (4): 141. 1979. doi:10.1088/0031-9112/30/4/003. ISSN 0031-9112.
31. ↑ Butterworth, Ian (2001). "Sir Clifford Charles Butler. 20 May 1922 – 30 June 1999". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 47: 39–54. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2001.0003. ISSN 0080-4606.
32. ↑ "IUPAP chooses new officers". Physics Today 32 (6): 79. 1979. doi:10.1063/1.2995605. ISSN 0031-9228.
33. ↑ Sweet, William (1985). "IUPAP President Bromley Worries About "Isolation" of US Physicists". Physics Today 38 (4): 79. doi:10.1063/1.2814526. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1985PhT....38R..79S.
34. ↑ Duckworth, Henry E. (2000-10-12) (in en). One version of the facts: My life in the ivory tower. Winnipeg, MB: Univ. of Manitoba Press. p. 166. ISBN 978-0-88755-352-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=EFqYGaKzhq8C&q="Larkin+Kerwin"+iupap+president&pg=PA166.
35. ↑ Alferov, Zhores I; Andreev, Aleksandr F; Borovik-Romanov, A S; Vaĭnshteĭn, B K; Gantmakher, Vsevolod F; Keldysh, Leonid V; Nikitenko, V I; Ponyatovskiĭ, E G et al. (1991). "Yuriĭ Andreevich Osip'yan (on his sixtieth birthday)". Soviet Physics Uspekhi 34 (2): 202–203. doi:10.1070/PU1991v034n02ABEH002340. ISSN 0038-5670.
36. ↑ Sakai, Norisuke (2017). "Yoshio Yamaguchi". Physics Today 70 (7): 72. doi:10.1063/PT.3.3636. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 2017PhT....70g..72S.
37. ↑ Feder, Toni (1996). "IUPAP General Assembly Held in Sweden". Physics Today 49 (11): 74. doi:10.1063/1.881552. ISSN 0031-9228.
38. ↑ "In Memoriam: Jan S. Nilsson, 1932 - 2010". ICTP. 2010-06-16. https://portal.ictp.it/pio/words/news/2010/in-memoriam-2/.
39. ↑ "IUPAP Elects New Officers". Physics Today 52 (7): 48. 1999. doi:10.1063/1.882721. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 1999PhT....52R..48..
40. ↑ Richter*, B. (1999). "Megascience Forum: Valuable from IUPAP's Perspective". Science 286 (5442): 1089b–1089. doi:10.1126/science.286.5442.1089b. ISSN 0036-8075.
41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 McKellar, Bruce H. J. (2017). "Commentary: International Union of Pure and Applied Physics and you". Physics Today 70 (10): 10–11. doi:10.1063/PT.3.3707. ISSN 0031-9228. Bibcode: 2017PhT....70j..10M.
42. ↑ "NEWS". Asia Pacific Physics Newsletter 01 (1): 4–12. 2012. doi:10.1142/S2251158X12000021. ISSN 2251-158X.
43. ↑ "Spiro appointed IUPAP president" (in en-GB). 2019-11-13. https://cerncourier.com/a/spiro-appointed-iupap-president/.
44. ↑ iupap (2024-10-28). "Silvina Ponce Dawson IUPAP new President - IUPAP: The International Union of Pure and Applied Physics" (in en-US). https://iupap.org/2024/10/28/silvina-ponce-dawson-iupap-new-president/.
45. ↑ Lalli, Roberto; Navarro, Jaume (2024-09-19). "When physicists strove for peace: past lessons for our uncertain times" (in en). Nature 633 (8030): 515–517. doi:10.1038/d41586-024-02997-z. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 39284891. Bibcode: 2024Natur.633..515L. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-02997-z.
46. ↑ Nakada, Tatsuya. "IUPAP Statement on the events occurring in Ukraine | ILC Newsline" (in en-US). https://newsline.linearcollider.org/2022/03/22/iupap-statement-on-the-events-occurring-in-ukraine/.
47. ↑ Chetty, Nithaya. "Scientific diplomacy and cooperation in this time of war" (in en). https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220309104524206.
48. ↑ Altarelli, Monica Pepe; Vigen, Jens (2022-11-08). "100 years of international collaboration in physics" (in en-GB). https://cerncourier.com/a/100-years-of-international-collaboration-in-physics/.
49. ↑ "Principles and policies for international scientific collaboration" (in en). http://www.aps.org/programs/international/research-collab.cfm.
50. ↑ Feder, Toni (2022-08-03). "IUPAP celebrates a century and strives to meet new challenges" (in en). Physics Today 2022 (4). doi:10.1063/PT.6.4.20220803a. Bibcode: 2022PhT..2022d.803.. https://pubs.aip.org/physicstoday/online/30348.
51. ↑ "Adherence to IUPAP policies" (in en-GB). https://icap28.com/iupap/.
52. ↑ "Use of IUPAP affiliation in academic papers". IUPAP position papers, statements and declarations. 9 October 2023. https://iupap.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/resolution-8.pdf.
53. ↑ Albrecht, M.; Ali, A.; Barone, M.; Brentjes, S.; Bona, M.; Ellis, J.; Glazov, A.; Jung, H.; Mangano, M.; Neuneck, G.; Raicevic, N.; Scheffran, J.; Spiro, M.; van Mechelen, P.; Vigen, J. (2023). "Beyond a Year of Sanctions in Science". arXiv:2311.02141 [physics.soc-ph].

## External links

* International Union of Pure and Applied Physics
* IUPAP 'Red Book'

Template:International Science Council

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