Oscillation (cell signaling)

Oscillations are an important type of cell signaling characterized by the periodic change of the system in time.[1] Oscillations can take place in a biological system in a multitude of ways. Positive feedback loops, on their own or in combination with negative feedback are a common feature of oscillating biological systems.[2]

## Contents

* 1 Examples
* 1.1 Genetic oscillation
* 1.2 Relaxation oscillations
* 2 References

## Examples

### Genetic oscillation

One of the most common forms of biological oscillation is genetic oscillation, which can take place when a transcription factor binds and represses its own promoter. This type of regulatory system is able to successfully describe the NFkB-IkB and p53-Mdm52 biological oscillating systems.[1]

### Relaxation oscillations

Relaxation oscillation takes place in the context of a bi-stable system. It is characterized by the periodic switching between two stable states.[2]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kruse & Jülicher. Oscillations in Biology. 2005
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kholodenko. Cell-signaling dynamics in time and space. 2006

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